What is the transient response?

The transient response refers to the short interval of time during which a control system is actively working to generate an output after an input command.

What is the steady-state response?

The steady-state response is the output of a control system once it has stabilized and reached its desired condition.

Why is there a difference between actual and desired response in a control system?

The difference arises because inputs are instantaneous while outputs change gradually, leading to a response that may not match the input immediately.

What causes steady-state errors?

Steady-state errors occur when the actual response deviates slightly from the desired response after the system has stabilized.

What are the two main types of system configurations?

The two main types of system configurations are open-loop and closed-loop systems.

What will be discussed in the next lecture?

The next lecture will cover system configurations, including open-loop and closed-loop systems.

Can steady-state errors be acceptable?

Yes, in some cases steady-state errors are acceptable, while in others it is necessary to reduce them through system configurations.

How is system output graphically represented?

System output is represented on a graph with time on the x-axis and the output or response on the y-axis.

System Response Characteristics

00:07:34

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Euly5rHtex4

Zusammenfassung

TLDRIn this lecture, control systems are explored through the analysis of system response characteristics. The lecture distinguishes between the input (stimulus) to a control system and the output (response), explaining that the difference between actual and desired responses represents the error of the control system. Using an elevator as an example, it illustrates how input commands are instantaneous but outputs are gradual, leading to both transient and steady-state responses. Transient response occurs during the time the system adjusts to input, while steady-state response is reached when the system stabilizes. The lecturer emphasizes the importance of understanding input-output variations and introduces the concept of steady-state error, setting up future discussions on configuring control systems effectively.

Mitbringsel

📊 System response characteristics are crucial in control systems.
⬆️ Transient response occurs before reaching steady-state.
🔄 Steady-state response is when the system stabilizes.
⚠️ Input changes instantaneously; output is gradual.
🏢 Elevator example illustrates input-output differences.
❓ Steady-state error is the difference in expected vs. actual output.
🛠️ Configurations can help reduce steady-state errors.
🔍 Two configurations: open-loop and closed-loop systems.
⏳ Understanding response types aids in system design.
📚 Upcoming lectures will delve deeper into system configurations.

Zeitleiste

00:00:00 - 00:07:34
In this lecture, we delve into system response characteristics within control systems. Building on the previous lecture's introduction, we explore the difference between input (desired response) and output (actual response), identifying the error in a control system. The lecture employs a practical example of an elevator moving from the ground to the fourth floor, illustrating the difference between instantaneous input and gradual output. The elevator's response is analyzed graphically, highlighting two phases: the transient response, where the system is in transition, and the steady-state response, where the system stabilizes at the final output. We also touch on steady-state error, using the elevator's floor leveling accuracy as an example. The summary concludes by setting the stage for the next lecture, which will cover open-loop and closed-loop system configurations.

Mind Map

Video-Fragen und Antworten

What is the transient response?
The transient response refers to the short interval of time during which a control system is actively working to generate an output after an input command.
What is the steady-state response?
The steady-state response is the output of a control system once it has stabilized and reached its desired condition.
Why is there a difference between actual and desired response in a control system?
The difference arises because inputs are instantaneous while outputs change gradually, leading to a response that may not match the input immediately.
What causes steady-state errors?
Steady-state errors occur when the actual response deviates slightly from the desired response after the system has stabilized.
What are the two main types of system configurations?
The two main types of system configurations are open-loop and closed-loop systems.
What will be discussed in the next lecture?
The next lecture will cover system configurations, including open-loop and closed-loop systems.
Can steady-state errors be acceptable?
Yes, in some cases steady-state errors are acceptable, while in others it is necessary to reduce them through system configurations.
How is system output graphically represented?
System output is represented on a graph with time on the x-axis and the output or response on the y-axis.

Weitere Video-Zusammenfassungen anzeigen

Erhalten Sie sofortigen Zugang zu kostenlosen YouTube-Videozusammenfassungen, die von AI unterstützt werden!

Untertitel

Automatisches Blättern:

00:00:05
hello everyone and welcome to the next
00:00:08
lecture of control systems in this
00:00:10
lecture we will discuss the system
00:00:11
response characteristics in the previous
00:00:14
lecture we discussed the introduction to
00:00:16
control systems and we also had
00:00:18
discussion on the block diagram of
00:00:20
control system and we know that if this
00:00:22
is the block diagram of any control
00:00:24
system then on this side we have the
00:00:27
input or the stimulus to the system and
00:00:29
this is the desired response that we
00:00:31
born from the system on this side we
00:00:34
have the output or the response of the
00:00:36
system to this particular input and this
00:00:38
is the actual response that we get from
00:00:41
the system after the process is done and
00:00:43
we also know that the difference between
00:00:46
the actual response and the desired
00:00:48
response is the error of control system
00:00:51
now in this lecture we will discuss the
00:00:53
variation of output with respect to the
00:00:55
input in a graphical manner and we call
00:00:58
it as the system response
00:00:59
characteristics and we also discuss the
00:01:02
factors due to which an output vary with
00:01:04
respect to the input and we will also
00:01:07
have the discussion on the procedure
00:01:08
that a control system undergoes in order
00:01:11
to generate an output so let's start
00:01:13
with the help of an example suppose we
00:01:16
are at the ground floor of a building
00:01:18
and we wish to move to the fourth floor
00:01:20
of that building then in that case we
00:01:22
will enter to an elevator and we will
00:01:24
push the fourth floor button inside it
00:01:27
and in response to that the elevator
00:01:29
will start moving upwards gradually and
00:01:31
after some time it will reach to the
00:01:34
fourth floor now we can represent this
00:01:37
phenomena with the help of this
00:01:39
particular graph in which the y-axis
00:01:41
represents the elevator location and the
00:01:44
x-axis represents the time taken by the
00:01:47
elevator in order to reach to the fourth
00:01:49
floor the push to the fourth floor
00:01:51
button is the input which is represented
00:01:54
as a step command and in response to
00:01:56
that the movement of elevator from the
00:01:59
ground floor to the fourth floor is the
00:02:01
elevator response now we can observe
00:02:04
that the elevator response is quite
00:02:06
different than the input command and
00:02:08
this is due to two factors that make the
00:02:11
output different from the input and the
00:02:13
first factor is
00:02:14
input changes instantaneously but the
00:02:17
output changes gradually when we enter
00:02:21
inside the elevator and we pushed the
00:02:23
fourth-floor button then the input
00:02:25
changes in an instant but in response to
00:02:28
that the movement of elevator takes some
00:02:31
time in order to reach to the fourth
00:02:33
floor we all know that the elevator
00:02:35
can't directly jump from the ground
00:02:37
floor to the fourth floor it has to
00:02:39
cross the first floor in the second
00:02:41
floor the third floor and then after
00:02:43
that finally it reaches to the fourth
00:02:45
floor and that's why it takes some time
00:02:48
and due to this the output response or
00:02:51
the elevator response is quite gradual
00:02:53
in nature the similar thing happens with
00:02:57
any control system whenever we apply any
00:02:59
input command the input is instantaneous
00:03:02
in nature that is the desired response
00:03:04
is instantaneous in nature but the
00:03:08
output of any control system is gradual
00:03:10
in nature because the control system has
00:03:13
to do some work in order to generate
00:03:15
that output and that's why the output
00:03:18
response or the actual response of
00:03:20
control system is quite different than
00:03:22
the input now we can observe one more
00:03:25
thing in this elevator response that it
00:03:28
is having two different versions the
00:03:30
first version starts from the ground
00:03:32
floor that is the origin to this
00:03:34
particular point up to which the
00:03:36
elevator has not finally reached to the
00:03:38
4th floor that is it is continuously
00:03:40
moving upwards and in the second version
00:03:43
it is finally reached to the 4th floor
00:03:45
and it has stopped we can say in this
00:03:48
particular version of the graph the
00:03:50
control system is doing some work in
00:03:51
order to generate an output but in this
00:03:54
version the control system has done its
00:03:57
work and it has generated the output so
00:03:59
we can see that this particular response
00:04:01
lasts for a short interval of time in
00:04:04
which any control system do some work in
00:04:07
order to generate the output and this
00:04:09
particular response that lasts for a
00:04:11
short interval of time is called as the
00:04:13
transient response in the language of
00:04:16
control systems whereas this particular
00:04:20
response in which the control system is
00:04:22
finally stopped or we can say the system
00:04:24
has reached to the steady state is
00:04:26
called as the
00:04:28
a state response of control system this
00:04:31
is the response when the control system
00:04:33
has finally reached to the steady state
00:04:35
or we can say the final output has been
00:04:38
generated by the control system in this
00:04:41
case the output is the movement of
00:04:43
elevator or the position of elevator in
00:04:45
front of the fourth floor level of the
00:04:47
building so now we have understood that
00:04:50
this particular response lasts for a
00:04:52
short interval of time and we call this
00:04:54
response as the transient response and
00:04:56
this response is a permanent response of
00:04:59
system and we call this response as the
00:05:01
steady-state response because the system
00:05:04
has reached to the steady state but
00:05:06
there is one more factor that can differ
00:05:08
the output from the input in the steady
00:05:11
state of the system and this is the
00:05:13
accuracy of the system at steady state
00:05:15
in our example this corresponds to the
00:05:18
floor leveling accuracy of the elevator
00:05:20
when we push the fourth floor button of
00:05:23
the building we desired the elevator to
00:05:25
be in front of the fourth floor level of
00:05:27
the building but in response to that the
00:05:29
elevator is slightly below the fourth
00:05:32
floor level of the building so we can
00:05:34
say this is the desired response of the
00:05:36
system and this is the actual response
00:05:38
of the system which is slightly
00:05:40
different from the desired response so
00:05:42
we all know that the difference between
00:05:44
the actual response and the desired
00:05:46
response of any control system is the
00:05:48
error of that control system and we can
00:05:51
say that this system is now in the
00:05:53
steady state so the error occurred in
00:05:55
the steady state can be called as the
00:05:57
steady-state error in some cases the
00:06:00
steady-state errors are acceptable but
00:06:02
in many cases the errors are to be
00:06:04
reduced and we use certain system
00:06:06
configurations in order to reduce the
00:06:08
steady-state error of any control system
00:06:11
we will discuss the system
00:06:12
configurations in the next lecture so up
00:06:15
to now we have discussed that the
00:06:17
response of any control system will be
00:06:19
slightly different from the input and
00:06:21
this is due to two different reasons the
00:06:24
first factor is the instantaneous nature
00:06:26
of the input but the gradual nature of
00:06:28
the output we also discussed that the
00:06:31
output has two different versions the
00:06:33
first version is from this point to this
00:06:36
particular point that we call as the
00:06:38
transient response because this response
00:06:40
lasts for a short interval of
00:06:42
and in the second version we discussed
00:06:44
that the system is finally reached to
00:06:46
the steady-state and we call this
00:06:48
response as the steady-state response so
00:06:51
in this lecture we have discussed the
00:06:53
variation of output with respect to the
00:06:55
input in a graphical manner and now we
00:06:57
are done with this lecture in the next
00:06:59
lecture we will discuss the system
00:07:01
configurations we will have two system
00:07:03
configurations one will be the open-loop
00:07:05
configuration and the other will be the
00:07:07
closed-loop configuration and on the
00:07:09
basis of system configuration we will
00:07:11
have two different types of system one
00:07:14
will be the open-loop system and the
00:07:16
other will be the closed-loop system
00:07:18
thank you for watching this lecture I'll
00:07:20
end this lecture here see you in the
00:07:21
next one
00:07:23
[Applause]
00:07:26
[Music]