«A life in global politics», a conversation with Hillary Rodham Clinton

01:18:40
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VkFKzZvziz0

Zusammenfassung

TLDRThe event celebrated the 50th anniversary of CEDO with a focus on its role in international relations and human rights advocacy over the years. Keynote speaker Hillary Clinton discussed a range of pressing global issues, from the pivotal conflict in Ukraine which she sees as essential to democracy, to the increasing strategic competition between the U.S. and China. She also touched upon handling global populism, the roles of technology and social media in modern conflicts, and shared her experiences dealing with global leaders. Climate change and its impact was another key topic, highlighting the necessity of global cooperation. Through her ongoing engagement with civic causes, Clinton emphasized importance in addressing world challenges collaboratively.

Mitbringsel

  • 🎉 CEDO celebrates its 50th anniversary, looking forward to continued impact in international relations.
  • 👩‍💼 Hillary Clinton highlights the role of smart power in global politics.
  • 🇺🇦 The Ukraine conflict is seen as crucial for global democracy by Clinton.
  • 🌍 The future of U.S.-China relations is pivotal and influenced by current global events.
  • 🌐 Transatlantic relations are crucial in navigating global challenges like populism and climate.
  • 🗣 Populism poses a significant threat to modern democracies, needing close attention.
  • 🔍 Social media is a double-edged sword in politics, offering both opportunity and threat.
  • 📚 Clinton continues her mission advocating for human rights, women's rights, and education.
  • 🤝 Global cooperation is imperative in addressing challenges like climate change and technological disruption.
  • 🎓 Clinton emphasizes her ongoing commitment to empowering civic agencies and promoting justice.

Zeitleiste

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    Introduction and gratitude for the presence of attendees at the 50th anniversary of the institution. Highlights the contribution of the USA Consulate and Secretary Clinton's significant role.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    The historical context of the institution founded by Joseph Rivera, emphasizing the defense of human rights and development in Latin America and Africa. The transition to a private foundation and its focus on international relations and democracy.

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    Acknowledgment of the contributions by various patrons and team members to the institution, making it a significant think tank in international affairs. Special mention of Secretary Clinton's prominence on the international scene.

  • 00:15:00 - 00:20:00

    USA ambassador to Spain introduces Secretary Clinton, highlighting her achievements and lifelong commitment to human rights, women, and marginalized communities. Personal anecdotes about working with Clinton add a personal touch.

  • 00:20:00 - 00:25:00

    The ambassador discusses the significance of Secretary Clinton's work in global politics, particularly her role as Secretary of State. Reflects on her influence and the anticipation of her insights on international relations.

  • 00:25:00 - 00:30:00

    The opening remarks of Secretary Clinton, expressing gratitude for the invitation, and emphasizing the crucial question of how international relations have evolved since the Cold War era.

  • 00:30:00 - 00:35:00

    Discussion of how international dynamics have transformed with increased connectivity and technology since 50 years ago. Emphasizes the complex geopolitical environment, requiring a blend of hard and soft power.

  • 00:35:00 - 00:40:00

    Secretary Clinton reflects on the binary nature of past international relations and the need for smart power – a mix of hard and soft tactics to achieve global peace and prosperity.

  • 00:40:00 - 00:45:00

    Evaluates Putin's actions in Ukraine as a threat to global peace and democracy. Expresses concern about authoritarian powers and stresses steadfastness with Ukraine.

  • 00:45:00 - 00:50:00

    Reflections on the importance of addressing global authoritarian threats while supporting Ukraine. Acknowledges miscalculations by leaders like Putin about the West's strength and resolve.

  • 00:50:00 - 00:55:00

    Secretary Clinton addresses the U.S-China relations and the strategic complexities involved. Highlights how Putin's actions in Ukraine influenced China and global geopolitics.

  • 00:55:00 - 01:00:00

    Examines the implications of China's rising influence and the need for responsible engagement in international affairs. Predicts challenges and new dynamics in the Asia-Pacific.

  • 01:00:00 - 01:05:00

    The necessity of engagement with Latin America and Africa, emphasizing the role of Europe and USA. Acknowledges historical missteps and advocates strategic support for developing regions.

  • 01:05:00 - 01:10:00

    Explores evolving U.S domestic politics, using the example of 2016 elections as a manifestation of populism. Discusses how democracies can tackle divisive political climates and misinformation.

  • 01:10:00 - 01:18:40

    Concludes with Secretary Clinton's ongoing commitment to civic and global initiatives, and her continued fight for equality, climate action, and democratic values. Highlights future challenges with technology like AI.

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Mind Map

Mind Map

Häufig gestellte Fragen

  • What is the significance of the 50th anniversary event?

    The event celebrates 50 years of CEDO, highlighting its history and future goals in international relations and human rights.

  • Who were the main speakers at the event?

    The event featured Hillary Clinton and a U.S. Ambassador, along with other representatives from CEDO.

  • What topics did Hillary Clinton discuss during the event?

    She spoke about global politics, international relations, her experiences with Russia and China, populism, and her ongoing work in global social causes.

  • What was Hillary Clinton's perspective on the war in Ukraine?

    She described it as a defining conflict for democracy and international stability, emphasizing the importance of supporting Ukraine against Russian aggression.

  • How did the speakers mention the U.S. and Europe relations?

    There was a focus on transatlantic relations, highlighting shared values and interests, and discussing challenges like the Inflation Reduction Act.

  • Did climate change play a part in the discussion?

    Yes, climate change was discussed as a transnational challenge that requires global cooperation and response.

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    console dear friend Hall
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    thank you very much indeed to start all
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    your presence for your attendance and
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    the main event of the 50th anniversary
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    of cedop 50 years is a long time and we
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    hope to be
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    carrying on for some from another for
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    another 50 years although some of us
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    will not be here in 50 years time
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    my fast words must be
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    thank the Ambassador and the Consulate
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    of the USA for having eased the presence
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    of secretary Clinton in this celebration
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    welcome or welcome madam
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    secretary Clinton to these events
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    is a long-standing institution the life
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    of Joseph Rivera its founder was always
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    linked to the defense of Human Rights
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    the development
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    of the world and democracy first in
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    Chile where he carried out
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    for helping the most marginalized
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    neighborhood and then work in the
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    cooperation and development of Latin
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    America in Africa since the end of the
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    60s Mr Rivera was part of the group of
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    to Brotherhood and I'm sure there are
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    members from that group later who became
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    which became a cdob in 1973 cedop was
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    created as an association devote
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    a documentation a training and study
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    center in order to recover our
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    Democratic memory and to promote the
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    understanding of more solitary and fair
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    institutions with the arrival of
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    democracy in 1979 cedob was set up as a
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    private Foundation as a private
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    institution and from its very onset it
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    had the support and the complicity of
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    public Nations
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    which were included progressively in our
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    board to all of them I'd like to thank
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    them in this very special celebration we
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    have here today for their support it is
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    an acknowledgment that I'd like to
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    Extended to our patrons
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    mentioning especially the Secretary of
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    our Board of Trustees Karma mudiment who
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    unfortunately passed away last October
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    has gone a long way till today to turn
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    into one of the main thing tanks devoted
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    to the analysis of international
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    relations
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    up a window from Barcelona to Europe and
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    to the world and it is
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    the journey that actually from the end
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    of the 70s it took us to our current
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    headquarters where we are right now cdop
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    has always had the will to explain
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    from the point of view of Barcelona and
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    Catalonia and to explain
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    public and private Institute
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    with values analysis research and
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    dissemination
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    are either socialization of knowledge we
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    have been Pioneers in the study of the
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    international relations in Catalonia
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    also through our Publications amongst
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    which we have the annual report at the
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    c-dub journey for international Affairs
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    which this year
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    turns 40 and I'd like to end by what
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    recognizing though good work carried out
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    by all of the chair people at c-dub who
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    have come before me and
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    all of the research and work Team
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    without which it would not be possible
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    to carry out the work we carry out to
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    all of you
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    your present today thank you very much
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    indeed and I'd like to thank all of our
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    funders collaborators and friends who
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    have turned cdub into an independent
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    internationally renowned think tank
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    we hope to be able to continue with your
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    support with your
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    strength to build up the cdop of the
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    future
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    Brothers personalities that have
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    participated in our activities and
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    Conference lectures and there will be no
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    better way to celebrate this 50th
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    anniversary of our institution then with
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    Mrs Hillary Clinton why one of the most
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    outstanding Personalities in the
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    international scene who has come to
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    Barcelona for the first time she just
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    told me so for these very special
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    occasion thank you
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    Madam thank you Mrs Hillary Clinton for
  • 00:09:07
    having accepted our invitation and thank
  • 00:09:10
    you all for being here with us and I'm
  • 00:09:12
    going to give the floor to the
  • 00:09:13
    ambassador of the USA Judiciary noso who
  • 00:09:16
    will be introducing our guest speaker
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    thank you
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    [Applause]
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    [Music]
  • 00:09:28
    thank you
  • 00:09:31
    thank you so much uh Anthony and good
  • 00:09:36
    afternoon good evening everyone senior
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    president it's great to be here once
  • 00:09:42
    again in Barcelona it's a pleasure to be
  • 00:09:45
    here today to not only celebrate the
  • 00:09:47
    50th anniversary of state of but also to
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    introduce my friend Mentor colleague
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    sister Hillary Rodham Clinton welcome to
  • 00:09:59
    Barcelona uh
  • 00:10:01
    I am here as ambassador to Spain and
  • 00:10:06
    present here in our consulate here in
  • 00:10:07
    Barcelona and the present President
  • 00:10:10
    Biden gave me this wonderful opportunity
  • 00:10:11
    to be represent the United States here
  • 00:10:13
    because uh back when I was a younger
  • 00:10:16
    person I met Hillary Clinton it all goes
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    back to her and
  • 00:10:21
    I met Paul shortly after arriving here
  • 00:10:25
    in Spain last year and he mentioned
  • 00:10:27
    mentioned to me this big anniversary
  • 00:10:29
    coming up for cdov and we battled around
  • 00:10:32
    ideas for a keynote speaker for this
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    important occasion and I couldn't think
  • 00:10:37
    of a better figure to help celebrate the
  • 00:10:39
    history of Spain's oldest International
  • 00:10:42
    Affairs Think Tank and one of the great
  • 00:10:44
    think tanks of Europe
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    um and I thought who else would Hillary
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    Rodham Clinton should be here to
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    represent
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    to present here and celebrate with us
  • 00:10:54
    this amazing anniversary Hillary Rodham
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    Clinton has served as Secretary of State
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    as already know senator from New York
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    first lady of the United States first
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    lady of Arkansas a practicing lawyer a
  • 00:11:07
    professor activist a volunteer but the
  • 00:11:10
    first thing her friends and family will
  • 00:11:12
    tell you is that throughout her life
  • 00:11:15
    throughout her life in global politics
  • 00:11:18
    she's never forgotten where she came
  • 00:11:19
    from or who she is fighting for
  • 00:11:23
    I met secretary Clinton then
  • 00:11:27
    first lady almost to be Senator Clinton
  • 00:11:30
    in 1999 when I was a younger person a 29
  • 00:11:34
    year old lawyer with strong interest in
  • 00:11:38
    politics and in helping the world make
  • 00:11:40
    become a better place in New York City
  • 00:11:43
    and my life changed as a result of my
  • 00:11:48
    friendship with her
  • 00:11:49
    throughout her term I don't want to get
  • 00:11:54
    emotional so I gotta stop
  • 00:12:06
    um
  • 00:12:06
    okay I'm better now uh throughout her
  • 00:12:09
    term as Secretary of State she restored
  • 00:12:12
    America's leadership in the world built
  • 00:12:14
    a coalition for tough new sanctions
  • 00:12:17
    against Iran that brought them to the
  • 00:12:19
    negotiating table brokered a ceasefire
  • 00:12:22
    in Gaza and supported President Obama's
  • 00:12:25
    decision to bring Osama Bin Laden to
  • 00:12:28
    Justice and these are just a few of the
  • 00:12:30
    accomplishments she was able to manage
  • 00:12:33
    as Secretary of State
  • 00:12:34
    she was and is a forceful Champion for
  • 00:12:37
    human rights internet freedom and rights
  • 00:12:39
    and opportunities for women and girls
  • 00:12:42
    lgbtq people and young people from
  • 00:12:44
    throughout the world she told her
  • 00:12:46
    supporters in November 2016 to never
  • 00:12:50
    stop believing that fighting for what's
  • 00:12:53
    right is worth it
  • 00:12:55
    and I know for sure and I'm certain of
  • 00:12:58
    that because I was there with her in
  • 00:13:00
    2016 and no she has not stopped since
  • 00:13:03
    and will not till we have her in with us
  • 00:13:06
    on deserves I am sure the discussion
  • 00:13:10
    today will show us that show us all that
  • 00:13:13
    she has certainty in and live by
  • 00:13:15
    throughout her career her life and she
  • 00:13:18
    will share with you and all of us her
  • 00:13:20
    vision and her conviction and you will
  • 00:13:23
    all be witnesses to the tremendous
  • 00:13:25
    person and human that we all have gotten
  • 00:13:28
    to know those of us who have worked with
  • 00:13:30
    her and by her side for so many years
  • 00:13:31
    thank you very much for being here thank
  • 00:13:34
    you Paul thank you see you all for
  • 00:13:36
    having us be part of this discussion and
  • 00:13:39
    the floor is yours Paul and secretary
  • 00:13:42
    Clinton
  • 00:13:49
    please help me with this
  • 00:13:51
    [Applause]
  • 00:14:05
    secretary Clinton
  • 00:14:07
    with an honor to have you here
  • 00:14:10
    thank you very much
  • 00:14:11
    thank you very much for accepting our
  • 00:14:13
    invitation to
  • 00:14:15
    um to speak at cedops uh big anniversary
  • 00:14:18
    50th anniversary
  • 00:14:21
    um I couldn't think of a better person
  • 00:14:22
    to start this celebration this year and
  • 00:14:27
    also to Showcase showcase a similar
  • 00:14:29
    understanding of uh International
  • 00:14:32
    Affairs and that is with Ambassador
  • 00:14:34
    Reynolds so what we discussed the first
  • 00:14:36
    time we met and had the idea to perhaps
  • 00:14:40
    if everything went well have you here
  • 00:14:43
    with us it's been a long while
  • 00:14:45
    it's been a year and a half since we had
  • 00:14:47
    that conversation and here we are today
  • 00:14:49
    so thank you again
  • 00:14:52
    um when preparing for this conversation
  • 00:14:55
    um I've read all your books and
  • 00:14:58
    particularly the hard choices the Memoir
  • 00:15:01
    of your times as U.S Secretary of State
  • 00:15:04
    and reading that book reminded me very
  • 00:15:07
    much of the shared vision of
  • 00:15:09
    international Affairs that you and sedop
  • 00:15:12
    share
  • 00:15:13
    International politics I think we both
  • 00:15:16
    believe that it's not only about States
  • 00:15:19
    Territory and power it's also about what
  • 00:15:22
    you describe as smart power
  • 00:15:25
    and I quote you a right combination of
  • 00:15:27
    diplomatic economic military political
  • 00:15:31
    legal and cultural aspects that are
  • 00:15:33
    defining a new world architecture
  • 00:15:37
    you say
  • 00:15:39
    once a few and I feel strong and I would
  • 00:15:42
    add also traditional columns could hold
  • 00:15:45
    up the weight of the world now either a
  • 00:15:48
    dynamic mix of materials shapes and
  • 00:15:51
    structures is needed
  • 00:15:53
    so for cedop we also understand that
  • 00:15:55
    global politics is about the role of
  • 00:15:57
    civil society it's about the role of
  • 00:15:59
    companies it's about the role of global
  • 00:16:01
    cities it's about the role of
  • 00:16:03
    transnational challenges
  • 00:16:05
    such as climate change Foods insecurity
  • 00:16:07
    energy as much as it is about States and
  • 00:16:10
    international institutions
  • 00:16:13
    so my first question to you is how do
  • 00:16:16
    you think the world has changed in these
  • 00:16:18
    last decades
  • 00:16:20
    and of course how can we adapt to this
  • 00:16:23
    plural if you allow me to say
  • 00:16:25
    International dynamics that are taking
  • 00:16:27
    shape and how did you cope with that
  • 00:16:29
    when you were Secretary of State
  • 00:16:32
    thank you very much Paul for that simple
  • 00:16:35
    question uh
  • 00:16:37
    it'll take about 50 years to answer
  • 00:16:42
    I want to thank cdob I want to thank the
  • 00:16:46
    board and the staff certainly for this
  • 00:16:49
    invitation but also for the work you're
  • 00:16:51
    doing to try to answer that question
  • 00:16:53
    because it's really at the heart of what
  • 00:16:56
    we mean by international relations today
  • 00:16:59
    uh I particularly want to thank my
  • 00:17:02
    longtime friend and colleague
  • 00:17:05
    Ambassador Reynoso for being here and
  • 00:17:08
    for so representing our country uh well
  • 00:17:12
    I spent a few days with her in Madrid
  • 00:17:14
    before coming here and I was wondering
  • 00:17:17
    whether she was our ambassador to Spain
  • 00:17:20
    or Spain's ambassador to us because so
  • 00:17:24
    many people were so uh enthusiastic
  • 00:17:27
    about her presence and I also want to
  • 00:17:30
    thank our Council General Katie Stana
  • 00:17:32
    for being here as well
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    I think the question that you ask is
  • 00:17:37
    really at the heart of how we have to
  • 00:17:42
    think about the world that we are living
  • 00:17:46
    in today
  • 00:17:47
    50 years ago
  • 00:17:49
    um when cdob was formed it was a very
  • 00:17:53
    different world wasn't it it was a very
  • 00:17:55
    different world here
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    and around the world
  • 00:18:00
    it was for the United States a world
  • 00:18:03
    largely defined by the Cold War
  • 00:18:06
    and the ongoing competition uh with the
  • 00:18:11
    then Soviet Union
  • 00:18:13
    and
  • 00:18:15
    you could see the world in a much more
  • 00:18:17
    binary way
  • 00:18:19
    whose side were you on what were you
  • 00:18:22
    going to do to promote your side and try
  • 00:18:25
    to undermine the other side so it was as
  • 00:18:28
    you rightly uh included in the question
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    very much dominated by the balance of
  • 00:18:36
    power among states
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    and the systems that those States
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    represented
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    and of course we know that with the fall
  • 00:18:47
    of the Soviet Union a an event in
  • 00:18:51
    history that
  • 00:18:53
    is still being
  • 00:18:55
    adjusted to and understood
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    um
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    that cold war
  • 00:19:02
    binary was
  • 00:19:06
    diminished not eliminated as we know
  • 00:19:09
    from what's happening today but it was
  • 00:19:12
    certainly diminished and there was a lot
  • 00:19:13
    of talk back in the 90s about the end of
  • 00:19:17
    history and how
  • 00:19:19
    democracy had certainly shown that it
  • 00:19:23
    was the stronger system and therefore we
  • 00:19:26
    were moving into a new era in human
  • 00:19:29
    history
  • 00:19:31
    well predictions like that have a way of
  • 00:19:34
    coming back to bite those who predicted
  • 00:19:36
    because we now see the rise again of
  • 00:19:40
    aggressive States like Russia
  • 00:19:43
    invading a neighbor we see the rise of a
  • 00:19:47
    lot of authoritarian leaders such as
  • 00:19:50
    Putin but also Xi Jinping and others who
  • 00:19:54
    are attempting to dominate not just
  • 00:19:57
    their own Nation but surrounding areas
  • 00:20:01
    to wield Regional and even International
  • 00:20:04
    affairs
  • 00:20:07
    but I actually think the bigger changes
  • 00:20:10
    are the changes that have happened in
  • 00:20:13
    the lives of human beings the advances
  • 00:20:16
    in technology particularly
  • 00:20:19
    have for better and worse connected us
  • 00:20:22
    in ways that we never could have dreamed
  • 00:20:27
    of 50 years ago
  • 00:20:28
    and because of that connectivity people
  • 00:20:32
    are much more aware of what is happening
  • 00:20:34
    not just near at home but very far away
  • 00:20:39
    and technology has empowered people
  • 00:20:41
    again in ways that are very positive but
  • 00:20:46
    also ways that have created serious
  • 00:20:49
    challenges uh to the structure of
  • 00:20:53
    society to the governance by Nations
  • 00:20:57
    so honestly Paul I think
  • 00:21:00
    it's imperative that organizations like
  • 00:21:03
    cdub and many others
  • 00:21:05
    really think hard about where we are 50
  • 00:21:10
    years after you began because the old
  • 00:21:14
    ways of thinking
  • 00:21:15
    and of relating and of understanding one
  • 00:21:18
    another are no longer sufficient
  • 00:21:22
    and I don't think yet we fully
  • 00:21:24
    appreciate
  • 00:21:26
    either the complexity
  • 00:21:29
    the opportunities or the dangers
  • 00:21:33
    of this new environment in which we find
  • 00:21:37
    ourselves and just to
  • 00:21:40
    wrap up on on that preliminary question
  • 00:21:43
    when I became Secretary of State there
  • 00:21:46
    had been again a binary uh between what
  • 00:21:50
    was called hard power and soft power
  • 00:21:52
    hard power of course meaning military
  • 00:21:56
    power coercion intimidation
  • 00:22:00
    soft power meaning diplomacy development
  • 00:22:04
    cultural exchanges and influences
  • 00:22:09
    and again I thought that binary was an
  • 00:22:11
    insufficient
  • 00:22:13
    explanation for what we needed to
  • 00:22:16
    understand and so I did use a phrase
  • 00:22:19
    that had been coined earlier just talk
  • 00:22:22
    about smart power because smart power
  • 00:22:25
    would require us
  • 00:22:27
    yes maybe on occasion to use what is
  • 00:22:30
    called hard power but more importantly
  • 00:22:33
    to try to figure out how to create uh a
  • 00:22:37
    a an international environment in which
  • 00:22:40
    we overcame our differences our
  • 00:22:45
    insecurities our fears in a way that
  • 00:22:48
    enabled us to find more win-win outcomes
  • 00:22:53
    rather than a zero sum assessment of the
  • 00:22:57
    world how did we try to help create more
  • 00:23:01
    prosperity
  • 00:23:02
    more freedom
  • 00:23:04
    that would benefit not only the people
  • 00:23:07
    who could be lifted up but the rest of
  • 00:23:10
    us because we would be hopefully seeing
  • 00:23:14
    a world that would be more peaceful more
  • 00:23:16
    prosperous and more secure
  • 00:23:19
    thank you for that because actually you
  • 00:23:20
    mentioned already some of the things
  • 00:23:22
    that I wanted to continue our
  • 00:23:24
    conversation on and that is bringing the
  • 00:23:27
    current Global Affairs into the picture
  • 00:23:29
    of course
  • 00:23:30
    and I'll start with the most urgent one
  • 00:23:33
    and probably a very complicated one
  • 00:23:35
    which is your experience with Russia
  • 00:23:37
    with Putin in particular has always been
  • 00:23:40
    tough
  • 00:23:41
    uh during the presidential campaign of
  • 00:23:44
    course in 2016 you denounced Russian
  • 00:23:46
    interference as a danger to American
  • 00:23:49
    democracy and this is still the case in
  • 00:23:52
    many places around the world you
  • 00:23:53
    actually characterized Putin as a strong
  • 00:23:55
    man who doesn't think necessarily in
  • 00:23:58
    terms of moral or human rights but
  • 00:24:01
    things rather in terms of power and
  • 00:24:03
    domination
  • 00:24:05
    actually this is what is happening today
  • 00:24:07
    in Ukraine and Putin's uh imperialist
  • 00:24:11
    reminiscences have actually brought back
  • 00:24:14
    that idea of strong men using
  • 00:24:16
    traditional tools of power and I would
  • 00:24:19
    say also of traditional military power
  • 00:24:21
    to invade Ukraine and with that go
  • 00:24:27
    against all the principles of
  • 00:24:29
    international law of territorial
  • 00:24:31
    integrity and sovereignty what's your
  • 00:24:33
    assessment right now of the war in
  • 00:24:35
    Ukraine and how should we relate with
  • 00:24:38
    Russia when at the time when some sort
  • 00:24:42
    of normality arrives
  • 00:24:45
    well I actually think that Ukraine is
  • 00:24:48
    the key
  • 00:24:49
    to what kind of world order we will be
  • 00:24:53
    able to build
  • 00:24:56
    on
  • 00:24:57
    the invasion of Ukraine remember
  • 00:25:00
    followed Putin's invasion in 2008 of
  • 00:25:04
    Georgia and the seizure of two
  • 00:25:08
    um
  • 00:25:09
    areas within Georgia
  • 00:25:11
    and then of course in 2014 his invasion
  • 00:25:16
    and takeover of Crimea and and parts of
  • 00:25:21
    the donbos
  • 00:25:23
    looking back at that both the 2008
  • 00:25:27
    Georgia military action and the 2014
  • 00:25:31
    Ukrainian military action
  • 00:25:33
    I think there was a sense
  • 00:25:37
    in my country in the west generally in
  • 00:25:40
    Europe
  • 00:25:42
    that nobody wanted
  • 00:25:44
    to have to accept
  • 00:25:47
    that Putin was going to
  • 00:25:52
    be an aggressor in Europe
  • 00:25:56
    putting the peace and security that had
  • 00:26:00
    been built after the second world war at
  • 00:26:04
    risk
  • 00:26:05
    putting the freedom and sovereignty and
  • 00:26:09
    autonomy
  • 00:26:10
    of Nations that had been part of the
  • 00:26:13
    Soviet Union and were now independent
  • 00:26:16
    democracies
  • 00:26:18
    all putting it at risk and so the
  • 00:26:22
    reaction that all of us had
  • 00:26:24
    was no we impose sanctions we certainly
  • 00:26:28
    rhetorically
  • 00:26:30
    criticized
  • 00:26:31
    what Russia had done
  • 00:26:34
    but there was no appetite
  • 00:26:37
    for doing any more than that we hoped
  • 00:26:40
    that okay you know he has done what he's
  • 00:26:44
    done he certainly has to
  • 00:26:47
    understand he can't go any further he
  • 00:26:49
    can't take more aggressive action so so
  • 00:26:52
    let's just you know hope for the best
  • 00:26:56
    I have had a lot of dealings with Putin
  • 00:27:00
    and as you may know I'm not his favorite
  • 00:27:02
    person
  • 00:27:04
    uh in part because
  • 00:27:08
    um I have
  • 00:27:10
    tried to stand up for Democratic Values
  • 00:27:13
    even for the people of Russia when they
  • 00:27:17
    were being
  • 00:27:19
    not just undermined but eliminated by
  • 00:27:22
    his consolidation of power in fact in
  • 00:27:25
    2011 when they had elections for the
  • 00:27:28
    Duma the parliament in Russia it was so
  • 00:27:31
    corrupt so rigged
  • 00:27:33
    that there were even videos of people
  • 00:27:36
    throwing away you know election
  • 00:27:37
    officials working for the government
  • 00:27:39
    throwing away ballots
  • 00:27:41
    changing ballots not counting ballots
  • 00:27:43
    everything that you know you can imagine
  • 00:27:46
    and I said the Russian people deserved
  • 00:27:48
    uh free and fair elections to chart
  • 00:27:51
    their own Course and there were big
  • 00:27:53
    demonstrations in Moscow St Petersburg
  • 00:27:56
    and a few other places and he blamed me
  • 00:27:58
    he blamed me for tens of thousands of
  • 00:28:02
    Russians going into the streets
  • 00:28:04
    to demand free and fair elections so
  • 00:28:07
    it should have been clear that he was
  • 00:28:10
    going to consolidate and turn himself
  • 00:28:12
    into what he'd always planned to be
  • 00:28:15
    which was an authoritarian
  • 00:28:17
    dictatorial leader of Russia
  • 00:28:21
    reminiscent of the czars and that he had
  • 00:28:24
    dreams of
  • 00:28:26
    in some way re-establishing uh Imperial
  • 00:28:30
    Russia
  • 00:28:33
    now
  • 00:28:34
    we
  • 00:28:35
    hoped for the best but sadly
  • 00:28:39
    the message that Putin got
  • 00:28:42
    from the election of Donald Trump in
  • 00:28:46
    2016.
  • 00:28:48
    and the failure before that of any of us
  • 00:28:52
    to do more than just criticize him
  • 00:28:56
    was that we would let him do whatever he
  • 00:28:58
    wanted to do
  • 00:29:00
    and here is how I see what has happened
  • 00:29:03
    in Ukraine
  • 00:29:04
    I think that
  • 00:29:06
    Putin was waiting to see whether Trump
  • 00:29:09
    would be elected again in 2020
  • 00:29:13
    because Trump had promised and I think
  • 00:29:15
    he promised Putin privately
  • 00:29:17
    but we know
  • 00:29:19
    that he made it clear to the people
  • 00:29:21
    working in the white house with him
  • 00:29:23
    because John Bolton wrote a book about
  • 00:29:25
    it
  • 00:29:26
    that he would pull the United States out
  • 00:29:27
    of NATO when he was re-elected
  • 00:29:30
    so Putin was just waiting waiting for
  • 00:29:33
    Trump to pull us out of NATO and then
  • 00:29:36
    literally
  • 00:29:37
    not just Ukraine but in my view the
  • 00:29:40
    Baltic Nations and others would have
  • 00:29:42
    been at very serious risk
  • 00:29:45
    so thankfully Trump was not re-elected
  • 00:29:48
    and I think
  • 00:29:51
    Putin badly underestimated President
  • 00:29:53
    Biden
  • 00:29:54
    and he couldn't
  • 00:29:57
    he couldn't be more he couldn't be
  • 00:29:59
    patient anymore so he decided to do what
  • 00:30:02
    he had wanted to do to continue The
  • 00:30:04
    Invasion that he had started in 2014 and
  • 00:30:08
    so we saw the results of his
  • 00:30:11
    determination a year ago February
  • 00:30:16
    he did not count on the solidarity uh
  • 00:30:21
    between
  • 00:30:22
    um
  • 00:30:23
    Europe and the United States Canada
  • 00:30:26
    other nations like Japan and South Korea
  • 00:30:28
    he certainly didn't count on sanctions
  • 00:30:31
    that would be
  • 00:30:34
    very tough and bite
  • 00:30:37
    he didn't count on the amount of
  • 00:30:40
    military assistance that would be
  • 00:30:42
    provided to Ukraine
  • 00:30:45
    but he mostly did not count on the
  • 00:30:48
    leadership of President zielinski and
  • 00:30:51
    the courage and bravery of the Ukrainian
  • 00:30:54
    military and the Ukrainian people
  • 00:30:57
    we knew from our intelligence that he
  • 00:31:00
    had been told
  • 00:31:01
    that he would be in charge of Ukraine
  • 00:31:05
    literally within a week
  • 00:31:06
    they would march on Kiev they would take
  • 00:31:09
    over the government they would install a
  • 00:31:11
    puppet regime and his goal of subduing
  • 00:31:16
    Ukraine would have been realized
  • 00:31:21
    so now where are we
  • 00:31:24
    thankfully
  • 00:31:25
    we are at a point where we've learned a
  • 00:31:29
    lot about Putin and Russia we've learned
  • 00:31:32
    that the Russian military is poorly LED
  • 00:31:34
    poorly resourced poorly trained
  • 00:31:38
    we've learned that the Ukrainian
  • 00:31:39
    military
  • 00:31:40
    fights far above its weight in terms of
  • 00:31:43
    the
  • 00:31:44
    initial equipment that it had and as it
  • 00:31:46
    gets more sophisticated uh armaments it
  • 00:31:50
    has used them to good purpose
  • 00:31:53
    and we have learned that we have to stay
  • 00:31:56
    with Ukraine
  • 00:31:57
    because now having seen what Putin did
  • 00:32:00
    and what we believe he intends to do if
  • 00:32:04
    he were successful
  • 00:32:06
    the future stability and security not
  • 00:32:09
    just of Europe and not just of those
  • 00:32:10
    countries most endangered by Putin but
  • 00:32:14
    literally the west and democracy is at
  • 00:32:17
    stake the final thing I would say Paul
  • 00:32:19
    is thank you thank you to the people
  • 00:32:23
    who have supported the Ukrainian
  • 00:32:26
    leadership and Military in this fight
  • 00:32:29
    for Freedom democracy which I believe is
  • 00:32:31
    our fight as well
  • 00:32:34
    and by standing up to Putin we've
  • 00:32:36
    accomplished a few other things and we
  • 00:32:38
    can get into this
  • 00:32:40
    I think our Ukraine policy has turned
  • 00:32:42
    out to be our China policy
  • 00:32:45
    I think our Ukraine policy has turned
  • 00:32:47
    out to be a unifying force
  • 00:32:52
    that has brought governments of the
  • 00:32:54
    right and the left in Europe together in
  • 00:32:56
    support of Ukraine
  • 00:32:59
    I think our Ukraine policy has put into
  • 00:33:02
    Stark relief
  • 00:33:05
    maybe what I'll speak for my country we
  • 00:33:07
    have taken for granted which is our
  • 00:33:10
    freedom our Democratic institutions and
  • 00:33:12
    what gave us a a really uh extraordinary
  • 00:33:17
    run of 50 years uh over uh not just you
  • 00:33:22
    know the during the the so-called Cold
  • 00:33:24
    War but after so this is this is a fight
  • 00:33:27
    we have to win and I believe we can I
  • 00:33:29
    think it's a fight that the ukrainians
  • 00:33:31
    can win and by helping the ukrainians
  • 00:33:33
    win it's a fight that we all can win
  • 00:33:36
    so precisely on uh on the one hand on
  • 00:33:40
    transatlantic relations they've been
  • 00:33:43
    um they've revived the moment of trump
  • 00:33:46
    whereby precisely the idea was that the
  • 00:33:49
    European Union was even a foe to uh to
  • 00:33:53
    what uh our shared values and interests
  • 00:33:55
    had gone hand in hand but we have seen
  • 00:33:57
    divergences as well recently on the
  • 00:34:00
    inflation reduction act or for instance
  • 00:34:02
    on European strategic autonomy which
  • 00:34:04
    some people understand to be drifting
  • 00:34:08
    apart the United
  • 00:34:10
    States and Europe and the European Union
  • 00:34:12
    and if we add the China question into
  • 00:34:15
    the mix of course things uh become
  • 00:34:18
    complicated as well in the way both
  • 00:34:22
    Europe and the US can can can deal with
  • 00:34:25
    these changing balance of power
  • 00:34:28
    um
  • 00:34:29
    on on China
  • 00:34:31
    it's true that we're living through a
  • 00:34:34
    time of increasing let's put it
  • 00:34:36
    confrontation between the U.S and China
  • 00:34:38
    there are many names many ways to
  • 00:34:40
    understand it some even speak of a new
  • 00:34:42
    cold war or some other thing about the
  • 00:34:45
    inevitability of the to season this trap
  • 00:34:47
    right there are both countries
  • 00:34:49
    superpowers destined uh to war in the
  • 00:34:53
    background of that of course there is
  • 00:34:55
    the policy that you together with
  • 00:34:57
    President Obama LED on the pivot to Asia
  • 00:35:00
    and the importance that Asia but China
  • 00:35:03
    in particular would have in the Years uh
  • 00:35:05
    to come how do you assess today this
  • 00:35:07
    growing uh U.S China rivalry and how do
  • 00:35:11
    you think Europe can play a role in that
  • 00:35:14
    bipolar reality that we are getting into
  • 00:35:18
    I agree with you that this
  • 00:35:20
    is also a really crucial question you
  • 00:35:23
    know there was a a bit of a debate in
  • 00:35:26
    the United States at the beginning of
  • 00:35:27
    the Ukraine war as to whether really
  • 00:35:31
    putting so much effort into helping
  • 00:35:33
    Ukraine uh defend itself and push Russia
  • 00:35:37
    back was as as important as turning our
  • 00:35:41
    attention to China I thought that was a
  • 00:35:43
    false debate I think our Ukraine policy
  • 00:35:46
    is our China policy and here's what I
  • 00:35:48
    mean by that
  • 00:35:51
    I think that
  • 00:35:54
    before Putin invaded Ukraine
  • 00:35:58
    um
  • 00:36:00
    Putin went to China to meet with Xi
  • 00:36:02
    Jinping
  • 00:36:04
    and from all we know about it both their
  • 00:36:06
    public discussion and what we have
  • 00:36:08
    learned about their private discussion
  • 00:36:11
    uh Putin shared his plans and basically
  • 00:36:14
    told she what he believed I mean one of
  • 00:36:17
    the dangers of course is if you become
  • 00:36:19
    leader for life as Putin has and as she
  • 00:36:22
    has decided to be
  • 00:36:24
    people only tell you what they know you
  • 00:36:26
    want to hear
  • 00:36:28
    and so the Russian intelligence forces
  • 00:36:30
    and Military
  • 00:36:32
    interests had told Putin it's a cakewalk
  • 00:36:36
    don't worry about it we'll be there in a
  • 00:36:37
    week and so of course that's what Putin
  • 00:36:39
    wanted to believe and that's what he
  • 00:36:41
    told she
  • 00:36:42
    and so I think at that moment
  • 00:36:47
    she expected that Putin would be very
  • 00:36:51
    successful in Ukraine
  • 00:36:53
    which would send a message
  • 00:36:57
    to the larger
  • 00:36:58
    asia-pacific region that China
  • 00:37:03
    had the power also to change the
  • 00:37:06
    equation
  • 00:37:08
    in places like Taiwan
  • 00:37:11
    and I believed at the time before the
  • 00:37:15
    Ukraine Invasion that
  • 00:37:17
    she was intending to move against Taiwan
  • 00:37:20
    either a blockade a Cyber attack on the
  • 00:37:24
    chip industry or a full invasion that he
  • 00:37:28
    intended to do it in a relatively
  • 00:37:32
    couple of year time frame I didn't know
  • 00:37:35
    whether it was three years or four years
  • 00:37:36
    but he kept saying he was going to
  • 00:37:40
    resolve the Taiwan issue he wasn't going
  • 00:37:43
    to leave it to anyone after him
  • 00:37:46
    okay so you're she and you're sitting in
  • 00:37:48
    Beijing
  • 00:37:49
    Putin has just told you he's going to be
  • 00:37:51
    in Kiev in a week and all of a sudden
  • 00:37:53
    you're watching what's happening
  • 00:37:56
    and I believe it has
  • 00:37:59
    impacted she's thinking in the following
  • 00:38:02
    ways number one the Russian military did
  • 00:38:06
    not perform
  • 00:38:07
    she and prior Chinese leaders have put a
  • 00:38:10
    lot of money into the people's
  • 00:38:12
    Liberation Army
  • 00:38:14
    and I think she has to be saying to
  • 00:38:16
    himself
  • 00:38:17
    wow
  • 00:38:19
    Russia put a lot of money into their
  • 00:38:21
    military and they are bogged down and
  • 00:38:24
    they are literally losing tens of
  • 00:38:27
    thousands of soldiers and they are being
  • 00:38:31
    literally helped by this mercenary group
  • 00:38:34
    called The Wagner
  • 00:38:35
    Army organization
  • 00:38:38
    wait a minute I better figure out
  • 00:38:40
    whether the pla is real or just a paper
  • 00:38:43
    tiger
  • 00:38:45
    I think secondly
  • 00:38:47
    the solidarity of the West
  • 00:38:50
    with respect both in providing weapons
  • 00:38:53
    but also economic sanctions has
  • 00:38:58
    caused she to say to himself
  • 00:39:01
    well I have a lot more that I sell than
  • 00:39:05
    you know fossil fuels
  • 00:39:07
    if there were a well-organized sanction
  • 00:39:12
    regime against my economy what would
  • 00:39:15
    that mean
  • 00:39:16
    because she has some internal economic
  • 00:39:20
    challenges that he has to pay attention
  • 00:39:22
    to
  • 00:39:23
    the third thing that's happened and
  • 00:39:26
    again I give President Biden credit for
  • 00:39:28
    this
  • 00:39:29
    is that if you look at the countries in
  • 00:39:31
    the region
  • 00:39:33
    the United States India Japan and
  • 00:39:36
    Australia have formed what they call a
  • 00:39:39
    quad
  • 00:39:40
    for the purpose of dealing with Chinese
  • 00:39:43
    aggression
  • 00:39:45
    Japan for the first time since the
  • 00:39:48
    Second World War
  • 00:39:49
    has put forth and passed in their diet
  • 00:39:55
    their Parliament a very
  • 00:39:58
    robust defense budget
  • 00:40:01
    the Philippines
  • 00:40:04
    under the new president
  • 00:40:06
    has said to the United States we want
  • 00:40:09
    your military back we want your Navy
  • 00:40:11
    back
  • 00:40:13
    in our ports and in our country after
  • 00:40:16
    having literally asked the United States
  • 00:40:18
    to leave
  • 00:40:20
    all of that is happening
  • 00:40:22
    because nations in the region
  • 00:40:27
    know they'd better defend themselves and
  • 00:40:30
    they'd better be in Alliance with each
  • 00:40:32
    other and with the United States and
  • 00:40:35
    with European countries in order to send
  • 00:40:38
    a message of deterrence
  • 00:40:40
    to China
  • 00:40:42
    all of this has happened because of
  • 00:40:44
    Ukraine
  • 00:40:45
    and it's ironic
  • 00:40:48
    that Putin's aggressive
  • 00:40:52
    behavior in Ukraine has caused
  • 00:40:56
    not just Chi to rethink you know how to
  • 00:41:00
    best handle some of these issues but
  • 00:41:02
    others in the region to all of a sudden
  • 00:41:05
    decide to do things they would have
  • 00:41:06
    never ever done in my opinion
  • 00:41:09
    if Putin hadn't invaded Ukraine now
  • 00:41:12
    where does that leave us with China well
  • 00:41:15
    I think the European
  • 00:41:17
    uh question is an important one
  • 00:41:20
    we don't want
  • 00:41:22
    either a cold or a hot war with China
  • 00:41:24
    nobody should want that
  • 00:41:27
    but we do want to try to convey to China
  • 00:41:32
    that we're not going to sit by and watch
  • 00:41:35
    them become an aggressor
  • 00:41:37
    invading
  • 00:41:39
    democracies whether it be Taiwan or
  • 00:41:44
    doing what they've been doing for years
  • 00:41:46
    putting military bases all through the
  • 00:41:49
    region
  • 00:41:50
    from literally
  • 00:41:53
    Myanmar to Sri Lanka
  • 00:41:57
    that we're not going to sit idly by and
  • 00:42:00
    be surprised again
  • 00:42:02
    and I think that we want to continue
  • 00:42:06
    economic
  • 00:42:08
    trading and investment with China
  • 00:42:11
    wherever possible we have to be aware
  • 00:42:14
    that China has cracked down on
  • 00:42:17
    private Chinese businesses that they
  • 00:42:20
    have put a much heavier hand of the the
  • 00:42:24
    state state-owned state influence
  • 00:42:27
    state-backed Enterprises
  • 00:42:30
    so we have to be wary of some of their
  • 00:42:33
    anti-competitive uh practices but we
  • 00:42:36
    want to continue to have economic
  • 00:42:39
    relations with China but we want China
  • 00:42:42
    to be what's been called for many years
  • 00:42:44
    now a responsible stakeholder we want
  • 00:42:47
    China to work with us work with Europe
  • 00:42:51
    the United States and others on climate
  • 00:42:53
    change
  • 00:42:54
    work with us on doing a better job than
  • 00:42:58
    was done with the pandemic
  • 00:43:01
    tell us the truth about what happened in
  • 00:43:03
    Wuhan because we all have a stake in
  • 00:43:06
    protecting ourselves from whatever comes
  • 00:43:07
    next so we want to keep working with
  • 00:43:10
    China on matters of international
  • 00:43:13
    significance
  • 00:43:15
    and we want to send a message to China
  • 00:43:18
    that why don't you concentrate on your
  • 00:43:21
    economic growth on lifting up the
  • 00:43:24
    aspirations of the people of your
  • 00:43:27
    country creating good relations with
  • 00:43:30
    other nations not based on fear and
  • 00:43:32
    intimidation so this is yet to be played
  • 00:43:35
    out but I think
  • 00:43:37
    Ukraine has had a big impact on how
  • 00:43:42
    certainly the asia-pacific region and
  • 00:43:44
    the United States are now thinking about
  • 00:43:47
    China
  • 00:43:48
    let me
  • 00:43:50
    um before we go back to the United
  • 00:43:51
    States for the last part of our
  • 00:43:54
    conversation let me
  • 00:43:56
    um ask you a bit about the global South
  • 00:43:58
    of course
  • 00:44:00
    um you are very aware that one of the
  • 00:44:02
    most controversial decisions in recent
  • 00:44:05
    U.S foreign policy was precisely the
  • 00:44:07
    invasion of Iraq in your Memoirs in hard
  • 00:44:10
    choices you are actually state that you
  • 00:44:12
    deeply regret your vote in uh in the
  • 00:44:15
    Senate to authorize military action in
  • 00:44:18
    Iraq and actually that work together
  • 00:44:20
    with Afghanistan or Libya are usually
  • 00:44:22
    put as examples by China by Russia by
  • 00:44:26
    India by other economies and countries
  • 00:44:29
    in the global South to criticize the
  • 00:44:31
    West double standards
  • 00:44:34
    um how do we repair those relations how
  • 00:44:37
    do we convince the global South that the
  • 00:44:39
    current war in Ukraine is actually in
  • 00:44:42
    their interest to align also with the
  • 00:44:44
    protection of the basic standards and
  • 00:44:46
    Norms that have ruled the world since
  • 00:44:48
    the second world war until today and how
  • 00:44:50
    can we engage them more effectively from
  • 00:44:52
    the West with the global self
  • 00:44:55
    well I think it's a very fair question
  • 00:44:57
    and certainly
  • 00:44:59
    I would be the last to say that uh
  • 00:45:04
    there's not reason for uh nations in
  • 00:45:08
    Latin America in Africa in Asia
  • 00:45:11
    to have questions about
  • 00:45:14
    our commitment to them their peace their
  • 00:45:17
    security their prosperity
  • 00:45:19
    and so I think that the best way to
  • 00:45:21
    answer the question is to take some
  • 00:45:25
    regions of the world because there's big
  • 00:45:28
    differences between Latin America and
  • 00:45:30
    Africa and Asia in terms of what our our
  • 00:45:34
    opportunities and challenges might be
  • 00:45:36
    let's start with Latin America because I
  • 00:45:39
    think I think Spain has a particular
  • 00:45:42
    opportunity
  • 00:45:44
    um
  • 00:45:45
    in trying to work with other European
  • 00:45:49
    nations with the EU with the United
  • 00:45:52
    States in trying to create a longer term
  • 00:45:57
    strategic approach to Latin America
  • 00:46:01
    and I think the United States has
  • 00:46:06
    kind of come and gone we've been very
  • 00:46:09
    focused on immigration and drug
  • 00:46:12
    trafficking
  • 00:46:13
    but our commitment to working on
  • 00:46:16
    Democratic institutions on Economic
  • 00:46:19
    Opportunity on creating a sustained
  • 00:46:23
    relationship has depended almost
  • 00:46:26
    completely on whoever was present
  • 00:46:29
    so in this area I actually think
  • 00:46:32
    that Spain
  • 00:46:33
    maybe the EU
  • 00:46:36
    could take the leadership role in
  • 00:46:39
    working with
  • 00:46:40
    nations in Latin America
  • 00:46:44
    um to try to figure out how to have a
  • 00:46:46
    much more
  • 00:46:48
    um
  • 00:46:49
    sustained
  • 00:46:51
    committed relationship
  • 00:46:54
    and in Latin America right now there's a
  • 00:46:57
    lot of turmoil there's a lot of churn
  • 00:46:59
    there are a lot of Nations that have
  • 00:47:02
    been struggling with democracy
  • 00:47:05
    struggling with you know strong man
  • 00:47:08
    leaders you know you have authoritarian
  • 00:47:11
    leaders in places like Venezuela
  • 00:47:14
    obviously Cuba Nicaragua but you also
  • 00:47:17
    have a lot of
  • 00:47:19
    um uncertainty and and internal turmoil
  • 00:47:23
    in in Nations you know like Peru and and
  • 00:47:26
    Ecuador and Bolivia
  • 00:47:28
    so it would be important that Spain
  • 00:47:34
    maybe in the leadership role you will
  • 00:47:36
    have in the in the EU starting in July
  • 00:47:40
    take the lead in trying to say look we
  • 00:47:42
    have a a commitment in Latin America the
  • 00:47:47
    Chinese are heavy investors in Latin
  • 00:47:51
    America
  • 00:47:52
    the Europeans
  • 00:47:54
    the Americans not as much
  • 00:47:57
    and they use of course Chinese
  • 00:47:59
    Investments come with
  • 00:48:01
    um all kinds of strings attached often
  • 00:48:04
    and so how can we be more competitive
  • 00:48:07
    with China inside Latin America and do
  • 00:48:11
    more to bolster uh democracy and the
  • 00:48:14
    rule of law and stability
  • 00:48:18
    I think Africa is such a complicated uh
  • 00:48:22
    situation right now you know you
  • 00:48:25
    mentioned Libya and Libya was a decision
  • 00:48:30
    by NATO and the Arab League to work
  • 00:48:33
    together to prevent Gaddafi from
  • 00:48:36
    carrying out his stated intent to murder
  • 00:48:39
    his own people like cockroaches
  • 00:48:43
    it's unfortunate that the confusion and
  • 00:48:48
    the
  • 00:48:49
    problems in standing up a stable
  • 00:48:51
    government
  • 00:48:52
    have invited in a lot of interest into
  • 00:48:55
    Libya so you have Russia supporting a
  • 00:48:58
    faction you have certain Arab Nations
  • 00:49:00
    supporting a faction uh and it is
  • 00:49:04
    important that we do what we can to try
  • 00:49:06
    to stabilize Libya uh you see the
  • 00:49:10
    unfortunate
  • 00:49:12
    um situation in Sudan the Wagner Army is
  • 00:49:17
    very deeply involved in Sudan supporting
  • 00:49:19
    one of the two
  • 00:49:21
    contestants for power there and stealing
  • 00:49:25
    a lot of resources while they're doing
  • 00:49:27
    it the Wagner Army is in Mali I know
  • 00:49:30
    that the French have decided to leave I
  • 00:49:32
    think you still have Spanish forces in
  • 00:49:35
    Mali
  • 00:49:36
    we are leaving large
  • 00:49:39
    chunks of Africa sub-Saharan Africa to
  • 00:49:44
    either the Wagner Army which is pursuing
  • 00:49:46
    relentlessly and ruthlessly Russia's
  • 00:49:49
    interests and the rising jihadist threat
  • 00:49:52
    that is you know
  • 00:49:54
    unfortunately undermining governments
  • 00:49:57
    and creating a lot of instability uh
  • 00:50:02
    we know that there is going to be a race
  • 00:50:06
    for natural resources Coming Out of
  • 00:50:09
    Africa that will exploit those countries
  • 00:50:11
    will leave very little in terms of
  • 00:50:15
    benefits for them
  • 00:50:16
    again I think the European Union the
  • 00:50:18
    United States
  • 00:50:19
    we could work to try to help support
  • 00:50:23
    those countries so that they benefited
  • 00:50:25
    from their natural resources as opposed
  • 00:50:28
    to pay the price for seeing them
  • 00:50:32
    exploited so I think in in those two
  • 00:50:35
    parts of the world a more
  • 00:50:39
    um engaged and respectful involvement by
  • 00:50:43
    both the European nations individually
  • 00:50:46
    and maybe through the EU along with the
  • 00:50:48
    United States and others
  • 00:50:50
    could try to rebuild some of the
  • 00:50:54
    sense of
  • 00:50:56
    cooperation that we need
  • 00:51:00
    it is it is somewhat
  • 00:51:03
    ironic and a bit frustrating that you
  • 00:51:06
    know the United States and other
  • 00:51:08
    European countries
  • 00:51:10
    have spent many many billions of dollars
  • 00:51:14
    in dealing with HIV AIDS malaria
  • 00:51:18
    tuberculosis
  • 00:51:20
    but when the pandemic hit
  • 00:51:22
    none of us and I speak for the United
  • 00:51:25
    States none of us helped the Africans
  • 00:51:27
    with vaccines none of the European
  • 00:51:29
    countries were particularly generous
  • 00:51:32
    India the largest vaccine maker in the
  • 00:51:35
    world shut its borders and you
  • 00:51:37
    understand why elected leaders were
  • 00:51:39
    under enormous pressure to make sure
  • 00:51:41
    that we took care of our own people and
  • 00:51:44
    you know we did what we needed to do
  • 00:51:48
    and China comes in and builds a soccer
  • 00:51:50
    stadium or they come in and build a road
  • 00:51:53
    and they get a lot of credit for that
  • 00:51:55
    and so we have to do a much better job
  • 00:51:57
    in our relations in Latin America and
  • 00:52:02
    Africa and in key Asian countries as
  • 00:52:06
    well working to try to support them when
  • 00:52:09
    the Chinese have enormous influence in
  • 00:52:12
    Laos and Cambodia the Junta Takeover in
  • 00:52:16
    Myanmar and the end of democracy there
  • 00:52:19
    is heavily supported by Chinese
  • 00:52:21
    interests so we have we we need to do a
  • 00:52:25
    better job and we need to have the
  • 00:52:27
    patience to stick with doing a better
  • 00:52:30
    job because we don't have a good
  • 00:52:33
    reputation for sticking with something
  • 00:52:36
    that will produce results that people
  • 00:52:39
    then can point to and understand that we
  • 00:52:41
    are trying to be supportive thank you
  • 00:52:44
    thank you very much
  • 00:52:46
    I would like to bring you back to
  • 00:52:48
    America and change books as well from
  • 00:52:51
    your hard choices into what happened on
  • 00:52:54
    the presidential election of 2016. in
  • 00:52:57
    that book uh you recall that
  • 00:53:01
    as much as you tried to convince
  • 00:53:03
    Americans and you actually did have
  • 00:53:06
    better policies
  • 00:53:08
    better politics better Democratic
  • 00:53:10
    credentials than your opponent that
  • 00:53:12
    Donald Trump
  • 00:53:13
    at the end of the day then I quote you
  • 00:53:15
    here a lot of people were looking for
  • 00:53:18
    someone to blame
  • 00:53:20
    they casted their ballots based on anger
  • 00:53:22
    on resentment on divisiveness
  • 00:53:26
    and of course there are many causes and
  • 00:53:28
    circumstances for Global populism
  • 00:53:32
    depends very much on the country you are
  • 00:53:34
    sitting you will see different reasons
  • 00:53:36
    for it you will see different
  • 00:53:37
    expressions of it
  • 00:53:40
    but my question is that when emotions
  • 00:53:43
    Trump rationality
  • 00:53:45
    if you allow me to put it this way and
  • 00:53:48
    vote discussed it on the anger on the
  • 00:53:51
    resentment on the divisiveness that
  • 00:53:53
    you're mentioned in your book How can
  • 00:53:55
    democracies survive populism
  • 00:53:59
    wow that's the question of the hour
  • 00:54:01
    everywhere
  • 00:54:04
    um I I do just want to add to your
  • 00:54:06
    introduction I got more votes than
  • 00:54:07
    Donald Trump
  • 00:54:09
    because of our Electoral College
  • 00:54:12
    obviously but um
  • 00:54:14
    and but I do I do think that I do think
  • 00:54:18
    that's significant because we
  • 00:54:21
    we were in a battle for our Democratic
  • 00:54:24
    future and
  • 00:54:26
    um it was a battle against
  • 00:54:30
    a demagogue using
  • 00:54:33
    um all what we call dog whistles I don't
  • 00:54:36
    know if you know that term but all the
  • 00:54:38
    dog whistles all of the messaging all
  • 00:54:41
    the signals
  • 00:54:42
    that he was against everybody you didn't
  • 00:54:46
    like
  • 00:54:47
    if you don't like immigrants he's your
  • 00:54:49
    guy if you don't like women advancing in
  • 00:54:52
    the workforce it makes you nervous he's
  • 00:54:54
    your guide if you don't like the lgbtq
  • 00:54:57
    community getting rights and being able
  • 00:54:59
    to live their lives including form
  • 00:55:02
    relationships through marriage he's your
  • 00:55:04
    guy I mean the list went on
  • 00:55:06
    and he was very clever as demagogues
  • 00:55:09
    often are
  • 00:55:11
    um at sending those messages and
  • 00:55:13
    creating
  • 00:55:15
    um a an electorate that really did
  • 00:55:18
    believe that he would Champion them
  • 00:55:24
    against the other
  • 00:55:27
    and what we've seen with populism
  • 00:55:30
    authoritarian populism uh in Europe
  • 00:55:33
    starting obviously in Hungary with Orban
  • 00:55:36
    using immigrants as the you know the
  • 00:55:38
    tool to consolidate power and then go
  • 00:55:42
    after opposition uh political parties a
  • 00:55:46
    free press
  • 00:55:48
    academic intellectual uh discourse and
  • 00:55:52
    so forth and we see elements of it
  • 00:55:56
    it is an effort to
  • 00:56:00
    create grievance resentment anger at the
  • 00:56:04
    other as the primary driver of political
  • 00:56:09
    identity and uh affiliation
  • 00:56:14
    with a political party or a leader
  • 00:56:17
    I think it's you know something that all
  • 00:56:21
    of us are having to Grapple with
  • 00:56:23
    uh because I can speak for the United
  • 00:56:25
    States and this may be a little too
  • 00:56:29
    um
  • 00:56:30
    Arcane but I just want to make this
  • 00:56:32
    point
  • 00:56:33
    so when I got nearly three million more
  • 00:56:36
    votes than Donald Trump I lost the
  • 00:56:38
    Electoral College by 77 000 votes
  • 00:56:42
    Joe Biden got more than seven million
  • 00:56:45
    more votes than Donald Trump
  • 00:56:47
    but he only won the Electoral College by
  • 00:56:50
    a hundred thousand votes
  • 00:56:52
    so it was like a mere image I was on the
  • 00:56:54
    losing side he was on the winning side
  • 00:56:57
    but they were basically in the same
  • 00:57:00
    area of electoral accounting
  • 00:57:05
    and what we're facing now in the
  • 00:57:09
    upcoming election in 2024
  • 00:57:12
    is an effort
  • 00:57:14
    by the Republican party and their
  • 00:57:17
    leading candidates
  • 00:57:19
    to try to make sure no matter what
  • 00:57:23
    the popular vote count is that Joe Biden
  • 00:57:26
    who is running again will get
  • 00:57:30
    that they will win the electoral college
  • 00:57:32
    so that
  • 00:57:34
    Donald Trump or if somebody else's their
  • 00:57:37
    nominee will be the president
  • 00:57:39
    now how do you combat that because the
  • 00:57:42
    states that they are
  • 00:57:44
    attempting to
  • 00:57:46
    control through changes in how voting is
  • 00:57:50
    held
  • 00:57:52
    who gets to vote
  • 00:57:54
    how the votes are counted
  • 00:57:57
    are states that right now are
  • 00:58:00
    either run by a republican governor and
  • 00:58:03
    legislature
  • 00:58:05
    or run by a Democratic governor but with
  • 00:58:07
    a republican legislature and that's
  • 00:58:11
    going to be the big challenge if the if
  • 00:58:13
    the if we counted votes the way
  • 00:58:14
    everybody else in the world counts votes
  • 00:58:16
    Joe Biden would win again in my opinion
  • 00:58:20
    and I also believe that if Donald Trump
  • 00:58:23
    is the nominee Joe Biden will win
  • 00:58:25
    but part of the reason Trump
  • 00:58:28
    denied the results of the election
  • 00:58:32
    launched an Insurrection against our
  • 00:58:36
    government by encouraging
  • 00:58:39
    his followers to attack our capital
  • 00:58:43
    is because he couldn't believe that all
  • 00:58:46
    the maneuvering they did
  • 00:58:49
    to kind of
  • 00:58:51
    get the vote right for them
  • 00:58:53
    didn't work
  • 00:58:55
    and so that's what they're planning this
  • 00:58:58
    time and
  • 00:59:00
    I think what you see with President
  • 00:59:02
    Biden is an effort
  • 00:59:06
    to both have achievements that people
  • 00:59:08
    can point to putting people to work
  • 00:59:10
    getting people
  • 00:59:13
    to focus on the health care advantages
  • 00:59:16
    that have been uh provided under his
  • 00:59:19
    presidency
  • 00:59:20
    but he also is trying to model what we
  • 00:59:23
    used to think of as presidential
  • 00:59:24
    leadership working with people we just
  • 00:59:27
    went through this
  • 00:59:28
    ridiculous exercise called the debt
  • 00:59:31
    limit
  • 00:59:32
    which should never be allowed to happen
  • 00:59:35
    again
  • 00:59:36
    but what President Biden did was to have
  • 00:59:38
    a negotiation with the Republicans come
  • 00:59:41
    up with an agreed upon piece of
  • 00:59:44
    legislation and get it passed so he's
  • 00:59:46
    trying to model
  • 00:59:48
    Democratic Behavior small D democratic
  • 00:59:51
    to sort of take some of the steam out of
  • 00:59:54
    the populace and message because you
  • 00:59:57
    know populists have to believe that
  • 00:59:59
    they're being persecuted that there is a
  • 01:00:01
    conspiracy against them that you know
  • 01:00:04
    people don't understand them and people
  • 01:00:06
    are against them for a million different
  • 01:00:08
    reasons so Biden is trying to model no
  • 01:00:11
    you know what we can work together I can
  • 01:00:13
    sit across a table from somebody who
  • 01:00:15
    doesn't agree with me and try to come to
  • 01:00:17
    some compromise that will work
  • 01:00:21
    that's his approach to dealing with the
  • 01:00:24
    threat of populism
  • 01:00:27
    but the Republican Party in the United
  • 01:00:29
    States right now is unrecognizable from
  • 01:00:32
    what it used to be I was in the senate
  • 01:00:35
    for eight years from 2001 to 2009
  • 01:00:39
    I worked with a lot of the people who
  • 01:00:41
    are still there
  • 01:00:43
    I introduced legislation with them I
  • 01:00:47
    did all kinds of joint projects with
  • 01:00:51
    them and so I know them
  • 01:00:53
    and they have all joined the cult of
  • 01:00:56
    trump and the cult of election denying
  • 01:01:01
    for their own reasons
  • 01:01:03
    and the result is that
  • 01:01:06
    there's a almost post-truth
  • 01:01:11
    political environment
  • 01:01:13
    and it's really difficult
  • 01:01:16
    because the Press
  • 01:01:19
    feels it's their job to report both
  • 01:01:22
    you know Senator so and so said he is
  • 01:01:25
    sure the Earth is flat because that's
  • 01:01:26
    how it looks to him
  • 01:01:28
    and then we have all these scientists
  • 01:01:30
    and hundreds of years of calculations
  • 01:01:32
    which said it's not
  • 01:01:34
    but we're here to tell you both sides
  • 01:01:37
    and so people get
  • 01:01:40
    more opinion from the news than they get
  • 01:01:43
    facts
  • 01:01:44
    and it's difficult for people to know
  • 01:01:46
    what to believe and then you throw in
  • 01:01:48
    the role of social media
  • 01:01:51
    which has
  • 01:01:53
    been a
  • 01:01:56
    vehicle for disinformation
  • 01:01:59
    misinformation conspiracy theories
  • 01:02:03
    that have further confused our politics
  • 01:02:07
    so trying to figure out how do you
  • 01:02:09
    confront populism if you don't have a
  • 01:02:13
    common Foundation of facts evidence and
  • 01:02:16
    Truth
  • 01:02:17
    and it's really important that people of
  • 01:02:21
    good faith regardless of your political
  • 01:02:23
    belief and you know in our country now
  • 01:02:25
    we have many former Republicans who are
  • 01:02:27
    called Never trumpers uh and they they
  • 01:02:30
    don't agree with me on issues but they
  • 01:02:32
    agree with me on democracy and they
  • 01:02:34
    agree with me on the rule of law and
  • 01:02:36
    they agree with me that we have to stand
  • 01:02:38
    up to this concerted effort to literally
  • 01:02:42
    turn facts and evidence into Political
  • 01:02:46
    weapons uh instead of a foundation on
  • 01:02:49
    which to make decisions so it's it's a
  • 01:02:52
    problem here in Europe and it certainly
  • 01:02:54
    is a big problem for us
  • 01:02:57
    so we're reaching the end of our
  • 01:02:59
    conversation but there are two questions
  • 01:03:01
    that are I would like to ask you and and
  • 01:03:03
    one of them
  • 01:03:06
    um is about your experience as a woman
  • 01:03:08
    in politics one is of the most famous uh
  • 01:03:12
    statements that you did already in 1995
  • 01:03:15
    as first lady was human rights are
  • 01:03:17
    women's rights and women rights are
  • 01:03:19
    human rights
  • 01:03:21
    and in your book what happened again
  • 01:03:24
    um you I would like to read something
  • 01:03:27
    that I I found extremely impressive uh
  • 01:03:29
    uh when you recall the the following
  • 01:03:32
    situation during the second presidential
  • 01:03:34
    debate in 2016. I quote you entirely
  • 01:03:37
    here Trump was looming behind me two
  • 01:03:40
    days before he talked about groping
  • 01:03:43
    women
  • 01:03:44
    now he was staring at me making faces it
  • 01:03:48
    was incredibly uncomfortable
  • 01:03:50
    it was one of those moments where you
  • 01:03:52
    wish you could hit the pause button and
  • 01:03:55
    ask everyone
  • 01:03:57
    what would you do
  • 01:03:59
    you stay calm keep smiling and carry on
  • 01:04:04
    or do you turn and say loudly and
  • 01:04:06
    clearly back up you creep get away from
  • 01:04:10
    me you can't intimidate me
  • 01:04:14
    I chose option A
  • 01:04:17
    I wonder whether I should have chosen
  • 01:04:20
    option b
  • 01:04:23
    well
  • 01:04:27
    you're right it was all going through my
  • 01:04:30
    mind as I write about
  • 01:04:33
    um
  • 01:04:33
    in that second debate where he was
  • 01:04:38
    stalking and making faces and and
  • 01:04:42
    behaving in a very childish way
  • 01:04:45
    but I as I was thinking it through I
  • 01:04:49
    thought you know I'm kind of
  • 01:04:51
    in a bind
  • 01:04:53
    because
  • 01:04:55
    if I respond in some way
  • 01:05:00
    I can hear the commentary
  • 01:05:03
    that um I just proved I couldn't take
  • 01:05:06
    the heat I couldn't take the you know
  • 01:05:09
    the pressure and so I snapped at him I
  • 01:05:12
    responded to him I got angry and you
  • 01:05:15
    know there's nothing worse than an angry
  • 01:05:17
    woman and so I was
  • 01:05:20
    convinced in the moment that
  • 01:05:24
    um it was far better for me to just
  • 01:05:26
    maintain my
  • 01:05:28
    composure and go on as though he were
  • 01:05:32
    not behaving as he was but of course
  • 01:05:36
    afterwards you kind of think ah well it
  • 01:05:38
    would have been a lot more fun and
  • 01:05:39
    satisfying to respond but but I tell the
  • 01:05:43
    story and Other Stories in my book about
  • 01:05:45
    that election called what happened
  • 01:05:48
    in a chapter called you know women in
  • 01:05:50
    politics because there still is a double
  • 01:05:54
    standard as we all know there are more
  • 01:05:57
    and more women thankfully in positions
  • 01:06:00
    of responsibility and authority and I am
  • 01:06:04
    thrilled by that uh but there is still a
  • 01:06:08
    an a set of expectations and standards
  • 01:06:12
    that are imposed on most of us and that
  • 01:06:15
    are kind of in the back of people's
  • 01:06:18
    heads voters heads and you just have to
  • 01:06:23
    um
  • 01:06:24
    be as as clear about who you are what
  • 01:06:27
    you stand for as you possibly can but
  • 01:06:30
    you also have to be aware that uh
  • 01:06:33
    many times when you are campaigning for
  • 01:06:37
    votes or you're exercising Authority in
  • 01:06:40
    a public setting
  • 01:06:42
    your hair will be mentioned your clothes
  • 01:06:45
    will be mentioned
  • 01:06:47
    your marital status will be mentioned
  • 01:06:49
    whether or not you have children will be
  • 01:06:52
    mentioned it's it is just part of what
  • 01:06:56
    is going to be said about you and it is
  • 01:07:00
    not
  • 01:07:01
    it is not yet
  • 01:07:04
    um a time when we can get beyond that
  • 01:07:07
    and there is a an additional element in
  • 01:07:12
    this as well from social media
  • 01:07:15
    the amount of
  • 01:07:17
    misogyny and sexism and vitriolic
  • 01:07:21
    attacks on women
  • 01:07:23
    through social media who are in the
  • 01:07:25
    public eye is just out of control
  • 01:07:29
    and
  • 01:07:30
    it's almost hard if you're not in that
  • 01:07:33
    position to know what's going on online
  • 01:07:35
    but let me just tell you
  • 01:07:38
    that I spend a lot of time talking with
  • 01:07:41
    women not just in my country but
  • 01:07:43
    elsewhere who are in public life they're
  • 01:07:45
    in government
  • 01:07:47
    and they are now all saying to me that
  • 01:07:52
    they attacks on them the threats against
  • 01:07:55
    them
  • 01:07:56
    are just
  • 01:07:58
    almost
  • 01:08:00
    persuading them
  • 01:08:03
    that they shouldn't stay in public life
  • 01:08:06
    and I was recently in um
  • 01:08:09
    in England Last Summer
  • 01:08:11
    and I was meeting with elected women
  • 01:08:13
    officials and some of you might recall
  • 01:08:15
    that during the brexit campaign a woman
  • 01:08:20
    parliamentarian from the labor party who
  • 01:08:22
    was against brexit and had lots of good
  • 01:08:24
    reasons why she was against brexit was
  • 01:08:27
    speaking about her opposition to brexit
  • 01:08:29
    and was murdered by a
  • 01:08:33
    fanatic supporter of brexit
  • 01:08:36
    and so these women remembered her but
  • 01:08:39
    they also were telling me about the
  • 01:08:41
    kinds of threats they were facing and
  • 01:08:43
    you know having to you know put in
  • 01:08:45
    security cameras in their homes
  • 01:08:48
    threats against their children threats
  • 01:08:50
    against their spouses and you know this
  • 01:08:53
    is something that is so troubling and
  • 01:08:57
    frightening
  • 01:08:58
    that a lot of
  • 01:09:00
    women are wondering you know how how do
  • 01:09:05
    they manage that you might recall uh
  • 01:09:08
    Jacinda our
  • 01:09:12
    New Zealand who announced her retirement
  • 01:09:15
    from public life she had managed the
  • 01:09:19
    pandemic she had responded to the
  • 01:09:22
    horrible
  • 01:09:23
    massacre in the mosque she had dealt
  • 01:09:26
    with so many crises
  • 01:09:29
    and she had done it with a real sense of
  • 01:09:32
    of Grace and and determination
  • 01:09:37
    and she was of course criticized because
  • 01:09:39
    any of us in public life were going to
  • 01:09:41
    be criticized but the online criticism
  • 01:09:44
    was so vile
  • 01:09:46
    so unbelievably horrifying
  • 01:09:50
    that it was a factor in her saying you
  • 01:09:52
    know what I I can't keep doing this I
  • 01:09:54
    can't I mean the energy it takes to get
  • 01:09:56
    up every day do a hard job do it well
  • 01:10:00
    and still get not just legitimate
  • 01:10:03
    criticism which everybody should expect
  • 01:10:05
    but this hatred is is just too much so
  • 01:10:10
    you know Paul I think
  • 01:10:12
    as hard as it's always been to be a
  • 01:10:14
    woman in in public life and certainly
  • 01:10:18
    it's true for women in government and
  • 01:10:20
    politics but it's also true for women
  • 01:10:22
    who have a high profile in any other
  • 01:10:24
    field
  • 01:10:25
    all of that has been made harder because
  • 01:10:27
    of social media and as you might guess I
  • 01:10:30
    think we're not doing enough I know
  • 01:10:32
    we're not doing enough in the United
  • 01:10:33
    States uh to try to tame this uh new
  • 01:10:40
    invention that has addicted our children
  • 01:10:44
    and has had quite serious impacts which
  • 01:10:47
    are now measurable in how children feel
  • 01:10:50
    about themselves young girls in
  • 01:10:52
    particular
  • 01:10:53
    in fact our Surgeon General in the
  • 01:10:55
    United States just issued a report
  • 01:10:58
    finding that young girls are getting
  • 01:11:00
    more depressed
  • 01:11:01
    they are getting more anxious they're
  • 01:11:05
    having more body image issues
  • 01:11:09
    because they're addicted to social media
  • 01:11:12
    and they are unable
  • 01:11:15
    to get a real world perspective because
  • 01:11:18
    of that
  • 01:11:19
    and that's true around the world there's
  • 01:11:22
    the studies that were being used are not
  • 01:11:24
    just American studies so we've conducted
  • 01:11:27
    this big experiment and now we have to
  • 01:11:29
    figure out how to protect ourselves but
  • 01:11:31
    mostly our children and the final thing
  • 01:11:33
    is with the Advent of artificial
  • 01:11:35
    intelligence if we think disinformation
  • 01:11:37
    is a problem now
  • 01:11:39
    we will have no idea
  • 01:11:42
    what candidate of what party said
  • 01:11:44
    anything because there will be deep
  • 01:11:46
    fakes there will be made up
  • 01:11:50
    um whole cloth arguments that are put
  • 01:11:53
    into somebody's mouth
  • 01:11:54
    and how will we run a democracy when we
  • 01:11:58
    won't be able to trust what we see
  • 01:12:01
    on our screens
  • 01:12:04
    and so I think that
  • 01:12:06
    populism is a huge problem but a lot of
  • 01:12:09
    the populists have really understood how
  • 01:12:12
    to weaponize social media against the
  • 01:12:15
    rest of us
  • 01:12:17
    and finally in a personal question if I
  • 01:12:21
    if I may of course you've performed
  • 01:12:23
    almost all roles in in American uh
  • 01:12:27
    politics and global politics first lady
  • 01:12:30
    Senator Secretary of State presidential
  • 01:12:31
    candidate but of course one of uh the
  • 01:12:35
    perhaps less known uh parts of Your
  • 01:12:38
    Action outside of the United States is
  • 01:12:40
    that you continue your work as a strong
  • 01:12:42
    advocate for civic engagement citizen
  • 01:12:45
    engagement women rights children
  • 01:12:47
    education climate change other social
  • 01:12:49
    causes and you are leading the
  • 01:12:52
    organization onward together the last
  • 01:12:56
    question of course is what is left to do
  • 01:12:59
    for Hillary Rodham Clinton well you just
  • 01:13:03
    listed a lot of the things that I'm
  • 01:13:05
    working I'm working with the Clinton
  • 01:13:06
    Foundation that my husband started in
  • 01:13:08
    the Clinton Global initiative which we
  • 01:13:11
    hold every September in New York to
  • 01:13:13
    bring people together
  • 01:13:15
    to figure out ways to solve problems
  • 01:13:18
    um because that's what I really believe
  • 01:13:20
    in I believe in bringing people together
  • 01:13:22
    finding common ground looking for
  • 01:13:26
    Solutions let me just give you a very
  • 01:13:27
    quick examples like you mentioned
  • 01:13:30
    climate change and
  • 01:13:33
    it's a serious challenge for all of us
  • 01:13:35
    but it's particularly one for poorer
  • 01:13:39
    countries and extreme heat I know you
  • 01:13:42
    had a heat wave in April here right
  • 01:13:45
    um extreme heat is going to make it more
  • 01:13:47
    and more difficult for people to be
  • 01:13:50
    outside to deal with health problems
  • 01:13:53
    that's going to be especially true of
  • 01:13:55
    pregnant women and children people with
  • 01:13:58
    any kind of chronic condition but as bad
  • 01:14:01
    as it might be here in Barcelona or in
  • 01:14:04
    New York where I live imagine what it
  • 01:14:07
    will be like in Delhi or in Nairobi or
  • 01:14:11
    in any of the countries that are going
  • 01:14:16
    to have an even greater amount of
  • 01:14:19
    extreme heat for longer periods of time
  • 01:14:21
    so through the Clinton Global initiative
  • 01:14:24
    we're working to help deal with some of
  • 01:14:27
    these real world problems
  • 01:14:29
    um in particular I'm working with a
  • 01:14:31
    group of self-employed women in India
  • 01:14:34
    who work outside
  • 01:14:36
    they rake salt they pick up trash they
  • 01:14:40
    work in construction they run Market
  • 01:14:42
    stalls they're all outside and if they
  • 01:14:46
    don't work they don't make money and
  • 01:14:47
    they can't support their family and so
  • 01:14:49
    when it's 120 or 125 degrees Fahrenheit
  • 01:14:54
    in
  • 01:14:57
    India they can't work
  • 01:14:59
    I mean the heat is debilitating for
  • 01:15:03
    human bodies
  • 01:15:04
    so how do we help them have like an
  • 01:15:06
    insurance product that will kick in when
  • 01:15:09
    the heat is out of control we're also
  • 01:15:12
    looking at how we
  • 01:15:13
    publicize extreme heat waves and a group
  • 01:15:17
    that I'm working with through this
  • 01:15:19
    organization the Clinton Global
  • 01:15:21
    initiative is working with some local
  • 01:15:23
    leaders throughout Spain like in Seville
  • 01:15:25
    and other places so that we give people
  • 01:15:27
    notice if you have if you have a medical
  • 01:15:30
    condition if you're pregnant if you're a
  • 01:15:32
    child
  • 01:15:33
    try to stay in try not to be outside for
  • 01:15:36
    for these hours it's almost like we're
  • 01:15:39
    forecasting storms because the extreme
  • 01:15:42
    hate the stream heat will be like that
  • 01:15:44
    so I'm going to keep working as long as
  • 01:15:47
    I can on issues that affect
  • 01:15:51
    human
  • 01:15:52
    life and health and opportunity and
  • 01:15:57
    their right and our rights and our
  • 01:15:58
    freedom because I I feel like you know
  • 01:16:01
    those are the big challenges that our
  • 01:16:04
    world faces and I think all of us should
  • 01:16:07
    find ways that we think we can bring
  • 01:16:09
    people together to help solve those
  • 01:16:11
    problems because
  • 01:16:13
    they're coming for all of us none of us
  • 01:16:15
    will escape no matter where we live and
  • 01:16:17
    we need to stand up for democracy we
  • 01:16:20
    need to stand up and protect ourselves
  • 01:16:22
    from
  • 01:16:23
    autocrats and authoritarians we need to
  • 01:16:25
    try to end war and and teach the
  • 01:16:28
    aggressors they can't be doing what
  • 01:16:30
    they're doing we need to deal with
  • 01:16:31
    climate change we need to deal with the
  • 01:16:33
    Migration by trying to create more
  • 01:16:35
    opportunity where people come from so
  • 01:16:37
    there's there's really exciting issues
  • 01:16:39
    all of the issues you worked on here at
  • 01:16:40
    cdub and that's one of the reasons I was
  • 01:16:43
    so delighted to be invited and thank you
  • 01:16:45
    for having me Hillary Rodham Clinton
  • 01:16:47
    it's been an absolute pleasure thank you
  • 01:16:49
    very much thank you very much
  • 01:16:52
    and of course
  • 01:17:13
    thank you very much
  • 01:17:17
    thank you it's been a pleasure
  • 01:17:23
    [Music]
  • 01:17:24
    foreign
  • 01:17:25
    [Music]
  • 01:18:12
    foreign
  • 01:18:21
    [Music]
  • 01:18:35
    foreign
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    [Music]
Tags
  • Hillary Clinton
  • CEDO
  • 50th Anniversary
  • International Relations
  • Global Politics
  • Ukraine Conflict
  • Russia
  • China
  • Populism
  • Climate Change