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okay class at the beginning of ap
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Literature I always go for this history
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of world literature I do this so that
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you understand the various literary time
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periods as well as you understand the
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idea of the basic history of literature
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and how it fits into what we're gonna
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discuss throughout the year there will
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be a quiz on Wednesday of next week that
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covers these two videos because this
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will be two nights worth of videos I
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don't normally share my slides but
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because of the complexity and vastness
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of the information I will be sharing the
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slides on Google classroom as well if
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you want to print them out if you want
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to take notes on them it's your call on
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how you handle it but I do suggest
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taking notes because this is something
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that's going to much like how to read
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literature like a professor this is
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going to be something that we cover and
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use all year long so we're gonna look
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specifically from a thousand BC to
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present so looking at this idea of very
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ancient to very modern okay so the first
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thing we're gonna look at is ancient
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Greek literature now a lot of the things
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you've already read in high school and
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in middle school fit into these various
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genres and literary movements that
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you've already looked at and discussed
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but you just didn't necessarily realize
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that this was all really a build-up to
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AP literature now ancient Greek
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literature is the form it's the basis of
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liberal arts education and has been
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taught since organized education began
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so these are the very first pieces of
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literature it includes philosophical
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treatises it includes epic poetry and
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includes myths and plays noticing the
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authors here Aristotle Plato Sophocles
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Homer they're all very ancient but yet
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very influential in the idea of what
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they teach and what they go over okay so
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keeping this in mind you've read
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Antigone you've read The Odyssey so you
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have a background in ancient Greek
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literature we will not do stuff from
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Aristotle and Plato I will
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for two at at times and we might bring
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some stuff up but we will definitely
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refer back to the Odyssey and Antigone
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in some fashion throughout the year now
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English language first started to come
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around in 450 ad now the first place the
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English language came about is in
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Britain when the anglo-saxons and the
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Jutes Caesar tribes nomadic tribes that
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came from from Germany and came from
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Scandinavia and they invaded the Celts
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in Britain they brought in the various
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aspects of their language and they
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melded them all together and formed
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English now traditionally anglo-saxon
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literature was orally produced it wasn't
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written down and usually it wasn't
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written down till about 500 years later
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so 450 ad is when the language started
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to circulate and around a thousand ad is
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when it actually started to become
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written down now this very much is an
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oral form it is the bulk of the prose
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literature its historical or its
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religious and nature the idea is that
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you're using it to teach morals to your
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society you're using its teaching values
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Beowulf is an example here of the idea
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of an epic historical aspects that
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teaches the society about warrior values
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and how to be a good warrior and how to
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be that perfect moral aspect within
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society and how to be larger than life
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and that tradition falls down for about
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500 years and it is the first beginning
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of literature in English we have then
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middle English this is the transition
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from the English accents into a more
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modern English literature this time
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period saw a flowering of secular
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literature it includes ballads and
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poetry we will go over sonnets we will
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discuss aspects of the Divine Comedy and
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we will read a the opening section or
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direction or prologue of The Canterbury
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Tales this year the idea here of middle
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English literature if you read olds
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English like Beowulf or you read Middle
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English like these you will notice that
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they're very difficult to read and
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understand we will look at them in
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translation as in translated into
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modern-day English because the old-style
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English is so difficult to understand
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and read because they didn't have
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specialized spelling laws they didn't
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have grammar rules that we apply today
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and their words meant different things
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so we very much have translated it into
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a modern English so it is the idea that
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we are reading it in translation
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Shakespeare fits into this in
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translation aspect as well sometimes if
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you read the more modern aspects of it
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but we are definitely going to cover all
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of these in some fashion from Middle
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English literature this will be where we
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spend the bulk of time with our our
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beginning historical poetry and when
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we're looking at the Canterbury Tales
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itself which is an epic poem in essence
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the Renaissance
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now the Renaissance is this
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transformation its artistic its cultural
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but it's a transformation of both the
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English language and literature as well
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as art movements and it fits in and be
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really begins that idea and moves
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through Elizabethan literature
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Elizabethan literature is known for
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quinol Queen Elizabeth the first who
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reigned for about 40 to 50 years in
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Britain through basically the latter
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half of the 1500s until she passed away
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in 1606 and her cousin King James the
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first took over and really pushed on and
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fed the language in the philosophy even
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more so that Renaissance that idea of
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that involving and that transformation
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and that culture in their art and this
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is where Shakespeare comes in you'll
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notice these things and this is not just
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a British movement Cervantes and Don
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Quixote is Spanish we have Shakespeare
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in here Marlowe is one of Shakespeare's
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best friend
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and that dr. Faustus is a great play we
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have lots of poetry and plays john donne
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edmund spenser john milton we will not
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read Paradise Lost by John Milton but we
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will read some of his sonnets and the
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Renaissance definitely takes on the
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aspects of the literature that we've
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seen happen before specifically a lot
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from the Greeks and a lot from Beowulf
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in Canterbury Tales and pulling them
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into this more artistic and cultural
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aspect okay neoclassicism noticing that
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our literary movements are basically
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taking place we're at a time right now
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but as we get closer in history and we
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become more modern it the movement
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started to really take place at the same
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time but neoclassicism this is where
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artists looked to the classical texts so
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they went back to the Greeks they went
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back to Canterbury Tales but they went
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back to these with this idea of looking
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at classical virtues they wanted the
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simplicity the order the restraint the
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logic the economy the accuracy and the
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decorum to be produced
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they had rules if a poem had so many
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lines and had a certain rhyme scheme and
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what it was called the idea of rhyme
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schemes came about to the idea of the
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the logic and the idea of the how things
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were built how the plot diagram whence
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how the pleat piece was narrated and how
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much definitely built on those ancient
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Greek classics this is where allusions
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come in and where we start alluding back
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to those classical pieces like the
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ancient Greeks and like the Bible and
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our pieces here remember Jonathan Swift
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from 11th grade who wrote a modern
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proposal that was a nonfiction piece
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here he writes goal of vertical verse
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travels some of you might have seen the
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movie but that idea of the Lilliputians
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and those little tiny midgets and the
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idea of that big giant being Gulliver
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and him walking around and with that
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idea of that classical essence of how
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people are treated in society the next
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one this is where we start getting to
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United States more because not not only
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has have people and the Puritans
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specifically moved away from England but
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we have this break in literature styles
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so here we see this Puritan literature
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and Puritans plain style it's
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specifically to the United States it's
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very plain
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there is no irony there's no humor
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there's no hyperbole it's very
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straightforward and topics are very
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limited
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the literary devices that are used are
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not meant to be these extra imagery
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things they're not meant to be flowery
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they're meant only to help you
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understand the writers purpose ok we
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will look at some of the poetry from
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this time period and how plain it is and
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how lacking in love it is and how
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lacking an imagery it is it will seem a
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little boring but it definitely fits
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into the constricted lifestyle of a
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Puritan and how plain it is it also fits
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into their literature itself now the age
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of Reason happens from 1730 to 1800 this
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is the idea that the emphasis on
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rationality rather than religious
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tradition so people are moving away from
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their religious tradition and starting
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to become more of this idea of rational
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and logical thinking this is where
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Benjamin Franklin Thomas Jefferson the
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American Revolution happens and very
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much is that constructive deism that
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belief that reason leads us to some
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basic religious truths and that morality
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is an intellectual pursuit rather than a
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religious one so that idea is that you
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morally move after something because
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it's the right thing to do not
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necessarily because it's the religious
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thing to do and that constructive deism
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is part of the literary movement you
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also have this idea of scientific
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inquiry coming in here you have
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representative government in place of a
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monarchy this is the beginning of
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democracy and the beginning of the
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United States this fits in with like the
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Declaration of Independence the
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Constitution it's that age of reason
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that logic nests
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that emphasis on justice liberty and
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equality along with this intellectual
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pursuit in the highest form of human
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consciousness faith is good and it fits
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in with this dignity and this human
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goodness but it's but it requires that
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logic to go along with it
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no romanticism notice here that it does
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not say United States this romanticism
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is all over Western Europe and spreads
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to America at the same time period
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now romanticism is artistic its
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intellectual it's the main underlying
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aspects of neither theism nor D ISM so
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no religion no individual can adequately
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answer the question of man's
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relationship with God this is the idea
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that romanticism isn't this idea that
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man and woman meet they fall in love and
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first sight they live happily ever after
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romanticism is this idea and the belief
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that there's a natural goodness of man
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and the idea and man in the state of
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nature would come together and we behave
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in a way that keeps civilization running
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in this romantic aspect it doesn't mean
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that we're being romantic with nature it
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means that we're being romantic not
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necessarily making out and kissing but
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romantic within ourselves and our love
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and understanding of nature and human
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beings and civilization it's a revolt
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against the artistic against the social
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against the political norms it's
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influenced by the ideas of enlightenment
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particularly ones that were passed it's
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very much in this idea of moving away
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from the formality so you're coming in
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here and you're coming in with more
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gothic types of things you notice this
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time period this is Edgar Allen Poe if
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we're talking America it's strong
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emotional it's very aesthetic experience
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it's placing new emphasis on emotions
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such as trepidation or the awe
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experience and it's confronting the
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sublimity of nature noticing something
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so this is where Frankenstein comes in
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this is Dracula comes into this time
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period
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this is when Edgar Allan Poe like I said
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Rip Van Winkle last of the Mohicans
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lots and lots and lots of poetry that
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we're gonna cover comes from the
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romantics but definitely that idea of
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breaking the norms from what's going on
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and taking place during the time period
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okay we're gonna go ahead and break here
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for today tomorrow the video will cover
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the rest of the time periods
