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[Music]
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aside amazing day
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sci folks your psy energetic teacher is
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back to join you in exploring
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discovering and enjoying life i know
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that your sire yented minds are now
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excited to absorb information so allow
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me to be with you
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as you learn be sure you have your pen
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your paper and everything you need for
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this learning session
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this is your teacher mj welcome to
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another psy wonderful episode on
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deaf ed tv
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[Music]
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[Music]
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do you enjoy taking a sip of coffee
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well i do especially during frigid
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mornings
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and of course when the weather is cold
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what about having a night jam with your
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friends in front
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of a bonfire while enjoying your lightly
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grilled
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what about having your favorite ice cold
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drink
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well we enjoy things differently someone
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thinks hot
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someone thinks cold but as we enjoy
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whatever happiness these things give us
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there is the bead of science going on
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behind it
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do you know what it is yes
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it is the science of heat and
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temperature
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this week we are going to talk about
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heat
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and temperature and the things that
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would explain
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things you might not have known all this
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time
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so be with me as we go through this
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lesson
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let's go
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before we start try answering the
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following questions to excite your brain
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and to find out how far you know about
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the concept
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of heat and temperature
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what average energy of particles does
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temperature measure
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a kinetic b potential
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c chemical or d
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mechanical
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a kinetic
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what happens to the temperature of an
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object when the particles are moving
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faster
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a reduces b
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increases c remains constant
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or d increases then reduces
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b increases
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does the temperature of a substance
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depends on how much the substance is
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present
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a no
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b yes
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c maybe or d
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none of the above
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a no
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which of the following is not a unit of
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temperature
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a calorie b
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celsius c
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fahrenheit or d
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kelvin
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a calorie
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the normal body temperature is 37
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degrees
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celsius what is this in fahrenheit
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a 32 degrees fahrenheit
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b 99 degrees fahrenheit
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c 212 degrees fahrenheit
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or d 373 degrees
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fahrenheit
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[Music]
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b 99 degrees fahrenheit
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did you get all the correct answers well
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if not
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there's nothing to worry about at the
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end of the lesson
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i'm sure you will be enlightened with no
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further ado
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let's get moving are heat and
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temperature the same
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the common thinking of people regarding
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heat and temperature
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is that they are the same
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in physics although heat and temperature
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are related to each other
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these two terms are not the same let's
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try to dig deeper
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as to how these terms are different
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let's start by talking about
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heat
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so what is heat heat is a form of energy
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that transfers from one body of higher
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temperature
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to another body of lower temperature
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[Music]
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heat transfers from one body with a
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certain temperature to another body with
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a different temperature
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through conduction
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convection and radiation
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[Music]
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to better understand that take a look at
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this
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if i dip a metal spoon which has a
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normal temperature and a glass of hot
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water
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the heat from the water will be
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transferred to the spoon
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through the conduction of heat
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another example when it is cold
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you tend to enjoy the heat near a
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fireplace or a bonfire
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and your distance from the fire depends
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on how much heat your body wants to
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absorb
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as you feel cold and as you stay close
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to the fire
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a certain amount of thermal energy from
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the bonfire is transferred to your body
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through radiation
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that heat radiated towards you is a
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deliverable heat that gives your body
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comfort from a low temperature
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the si unit for heat is joel
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another common unit of heat is
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calorie defined as the amount of heat
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needed to change the temperature
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of one gram of water by one degree
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celsius
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at a pressure of 1 atm
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adm stands for atmospheric pressure
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and the normal atmospheric pressure is
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one
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atm to avoid confusion
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a calorie is not used to refer to an
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amount of heat
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it is used by dietitians or
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nutritionists
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to specify the energy content of food
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now let's proceed with
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temperature
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temperature on the other hand is the
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measure of the hotness
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or coldness of a body object
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or substance when you have a fever
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you usually check how hot your body is
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by basically putting your hands on your
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neck
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or forehead this is very typical for
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everyone as a high temperature
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usually indicates a fever
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the normal temperature of the body is 37
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degrees celsius
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and if that goes higher something
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might be wrong
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aside from just using your senses there
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is a more accurate way to measure
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temperature what do we use to measure
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temperature
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do you have any idea
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let's write a thermometer
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temperature describes the average
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kinetic energy of molecules in an
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object or substance the higher the
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kinetic energy
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the faster the molecules move and thus
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the temperature
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is higher
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the three common temperature scales are
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celsius fahrenheit and
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kelvin
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andrew celsius introduced the celsius
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scale in 1741
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while daniel gabriel fahrenheit
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introduced the fahrenheit scale
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in 1724 both scales
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use the freezing and boiling points of
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water as
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reference points on the celsius scale
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the freezing point of water is zero
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degrees celsius
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while its boiling point is 100 degrees
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celsius
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under a pressure of 1 atm having 100
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intervals between
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two reference points on the fahrenheit
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scale
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the freezing point of water is 32
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degrees
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fahrenheit while its boiling point is
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212 degrees fahrenheit having 180
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intervals between
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two reference points the difference
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between these two
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reference points is divided equally into
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intervals
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called degrees
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william thompson also known as lord
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kelvin
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introduced the third temperature scale
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which is called
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kelvin this scale is based on
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absolute zero corresponding to zero
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kelvin
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it is the lowest possible temperature
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and it is when the molecules of the
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substance
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have the lowest energy
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the kelvin scale cannot have negative
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temperatures
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on the kelvin scale the freezing point
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of water is
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273 kelvin while its boiling point is
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373 kelvin the temperature difference is
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100 kelvin
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the difference in the temperature
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between two reference points
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in the celsius scale is also 100 degrees
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celsius
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so when we compare the kelvin and
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sasha's scales
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in terms of change or difference in
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temperature
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one kelvin is equivalent to one
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degree celsius so there you have it
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our three temperature scales
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now have you ever wondered what happens
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to substances
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as their temperature changes
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let's find out when the temperature of a
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substance changes
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its molecular structure and movement
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also change
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which results in what we call
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phase change there are different types
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of phase
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changes or transitions such as melting
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solidification evaporation
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and condensation
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fusion or melting is the process that
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causes a solid to change to its liquid
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state
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the amount of heat required to produce
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this change is called the heat of fusion
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when liquids release heat the water
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molecules begin to move
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at a slower pace the space between the
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molecules become compact
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the process of changing liquids to
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solids is called
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solidification or freezing when water
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boils
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evaporation takes place heat is absorbed
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and water
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is converted into steam or water vapor
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the amount of heat needed for a liquid
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to evaporate
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depends on the boiling point of the
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liquid
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when water vapor releases heat its gas
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state
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changes to the liquid state through
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condensation
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which accounts for the formation of
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clouds in the water cycle
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some other forms of phase changes are
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sublimation
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and deposition sublimation is the
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process
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of transforming a substance from the
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solid phase
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directly to the gas state without
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passing the liquid phase
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this requires additional energy
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the position is the process of
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transforming a substance
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from gas to solid without passing the
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liquid phase
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and requires a release of energy
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during any of these phase changes energy
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is either given off or taken in
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when a substance changes space the
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temperature does not change
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only the amount of energy changes
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now that we know more about heat and
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temperature
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i hope that you will now be able to
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distinguish
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how these two terms are different to
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test that
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it's time to check your comprehension by
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answering
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the following questions let's do
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the cycles who introduced the absolute
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temperature scale a
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under celsius b
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gabriel fahrenheit c
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william rankin or d
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william thompson
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d william thompson
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which expands the greatest when heated
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at the same temperature
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a gas b
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solid c liquid
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or d all expand equally
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a gas
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temperature describes the blank of
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molecules in a substance
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a potential energy
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b kinetic energy
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c thermal energy
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or d gravitational force
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b kinetic energy
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which of the following is not a unit of
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temperature
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a fahrenheit
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b celsius
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c calorie or
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d kelvin
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c calorie
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why does liquid in the thermometer rise
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when put in hot water
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a the liquid is boiling
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b the liquid is evaporating
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c the liquid gains heat from the hot
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water
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causing it to expand
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or d the liquid loses heat from the hot
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water
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causing it to contract
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see the liquid gains heat from the hot
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water causing it to expand
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that is all for today sci folks i hope
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that the heat of information has been
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radiated
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into your minds and the temperature of
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your eagerness to learn continues to
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rise
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see you again in our next episode and we
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will together explore
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discover and enjoy life this is your
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teacher mj
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and this is deb ed tv keep safe everyone
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[Music]
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you
