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[Music]
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propulsion systems used in modern naval
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vessels
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propulsion systems selection is an
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important part of naval ship design
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these systems have always had to satisfy
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speed and ship service power
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requirements
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nowadays increasing fuel costs are
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moving such decisions towards
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more fuel efficient solutions unlike
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commercial ships naval ships operate in
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a variety of speeds
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and electric loads making fuel
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consumption optimization
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challenging propulsion system choices
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for
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modern naval vessels depends on some
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criteria
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traditional criteria ship speed
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requirements
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shock capability noise reduction
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infrared signature
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additional criteria change in operation
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requirements
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greater range of speed added mission
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flexibility
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longer periods away from base with
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smaller crews
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and cleaner emissions an emerging global
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macro trend in naval engineering over
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the last 15 years
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has been a decisive migration to more
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electric
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propulsion due to progressively
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increasing electrical load demand
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and a focus on affordability all
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electric
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and hybrid electromechanical
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arrangements are routinely demonstrating
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marriage since 1990
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in the royal navy type 23 anti-submarine
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buffet brigade
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and subsequent modern frigate programs
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these include the royal navy type 26
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german navy f 125 spanish navy f 110
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italian and french navy's frame republic
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of korean navy
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ffx 2 frigate and finnish navy ascii
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2020 pregame programs
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types of propulsion systems combine
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diesel or gas combined diesel or gas is
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a type with propulsion system for
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ships that need a maximum speed that
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considerably
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faster than they cruise speed
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particularly warp ships like modern
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frigates or corvettes
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for every propeller shaft there is one
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diesel engine for cruising speed
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and one geared gas turbine for high
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speed dashes
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both are connected to the shaft with
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clutches
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only one system is driving the ship in
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contrast to combined diesel and gas
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systems that can use the combined power
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output
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with both the advantage if combined
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diesel or
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gas is a similar gearing compared to
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combined diesel
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and gas but it needs either more
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powerful
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or additional gas turbines to achieve
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the same maximum power output
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the disadvantage of combined diesel or
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gas
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is that the fuel consumption at high
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speed is
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poor compared to the combined diesel and
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gas
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come back diesel and gas carbide diesel
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and gas is a type of propulsion system
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for ships that
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need a maximum speed that is
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considerably faster than their cruise
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speed
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particularly warships like modern
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frigates or corvettes
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pioneered by germany with the current
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class free gate
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and combined diesel and gas system
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consists
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of diesel engines for cruising and gas
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turbines that can be switched
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on for high speed transits
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in most cases the difference of power
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output from diesel engines
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along to diesel and turbine power
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combined is too large for controllable
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pitch propellant
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to limit the rotation so that the diesel
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cannot continue to operate without
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changing the gear ratios
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of their transmissions because of that
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special
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mod speed gearboxes are needed this
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contrasts
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to combine diesel or gas systems which
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couple the diesels with a simple
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fixed ratio gearbox to the shop
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but disengage the diesel engines
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when the turbine is powered up for
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example the new combined diesel
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and gas purple fridge of nonsense class
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brigades
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of the royal norwegian navy the gear
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right here
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for the diesel engine is changed from
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about 1
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to 7.7 for diesel only to
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1 to 5.31 in diesel and turbine mode
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some ships even have three different
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gear raties for
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diesel engines one each for single
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diesel
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and double diesel cruises and the third
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when the gas turbine is engaged
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such a propulsion system has a smaller
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footprint
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than a diesel-only power plant with the
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same maximal power
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output since smaller engines can be used
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and the gas turbine and gearbox don't
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need that much additional space
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still it retains the high fuel
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efficiency of diesel
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engines when cruising allowing greater
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range and lower fuel costs than with gas
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tubings alone
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on the other hand a more complex heavy
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and troublesome gearing is needed
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typical cruising speed of combined
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diesel and guest warp ships
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on diesel power is 20 knots and
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typical maximum speed with switched and
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tubing
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is 30 knots combine diesel electric and
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diesel
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combined diesel electric and diesel is a
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naval propulsion system
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in which an electric motor and a diesel
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engine act on a single propeller
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transmission system takes care of making
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one or both motors act on the propeller
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shaft
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the combined diesel electric and diesel
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propulsion system is based on the use of
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electric motors directly connected to
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the axis
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generally two of the propellers
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the electric motors are powered by
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diesel generators
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and to have higher speeds as happens in
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kodat propulsion systems the higher
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power diesel engine
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is inserted which is disconnected from
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the transmission system to return
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to cruising speed
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[Music]
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this system that uses diesel engines for
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both propulsion
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and for the production of electricity
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for onboard services significantly
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reduces costs
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the number of diesel engines for the
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various ship services decreases
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and electric motors need less
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maintenance
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furthermore since electric motors can
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work
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more effectively in a larger number of
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revolutions and
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being directly connected to the proper
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access
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the transmission systems for coupling
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and decoupling the diesel electric
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systems with the diesel engines
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used to have higher speeds the combined
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diesel electric and diesel system has
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been adapted
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in the new volcano class logistics
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support ship
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under construction for the italian navy
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combine diesel electric and gas combined
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diesel electric and gas
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is a modification of the combined diesel
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and gas propulsion system for ships
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a variant called the combined diesel
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electric or gas system
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contains the same basic elements but
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will not allow simultaneous use
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of the alternative drive sources
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a combined diesel electric and gas
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system employs electric motors
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which are connected to the propeller
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shop
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motors are powered by diesel generators
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for higher speeds against turbine power
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the shafts
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via across connecting gearbox
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for curve speed the drivetrain of the
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turbine is disengaged with clutches
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this arrangement combines the diesel
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engines used for propulsion and for
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electric power generation
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greatly reducing service cost since it
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reduces the number of
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different diesel engines and electric
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motors requiring
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considerably less maintenance also
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electric motors
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work efficiently over a wide range of
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revolutions
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and can be connected directly to the
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propeller shaft
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so that simpler gearboxes can be used to
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combine the mechanical output
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of turbine and diesel electrical systems
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another advantage
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of the diesel electric transmission is
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that without the need
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with a mechanical connection the diesel
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generators can be decoupled acoustically
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from the hull
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of the ship making it less noisy
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this has been used extensively by
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military
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submarines but surface naval vessels
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like anti-submarine vessels will benefit
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as well
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combine diesel and diesel
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combined diesel and diesel is a
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propulsion system for
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ships using two diesel engines to power
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a single propeller shaft
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a gearbox and clutches enable either
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of the engines or both of them together
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to drive the shaft
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two advantages over simply using a
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single
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larger diesel engine of the same total
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power output
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are that one diesel engines have
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somewhat better specific
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fuel consumption at 75 percent is 85
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percent
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maximum output than they do at only 50
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output 2. there is a weight and size
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advantage to
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using two higher speed engines compared
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to a single lower speed engine
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even with the slightly larger gearbox
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system
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combined gas or gas combined gas or gas
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is a propulsion system for ships using
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gas trooping engines
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a high efficiency low output tubing is
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used for cruising speeds with a high
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output turbine being used for high speed
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operations
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a clutch allows either tubing to be
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selected
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but there is no gearbox to allow the
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operation of
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both tubings at once this has the
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advantage of
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not requiring heavy expensive and
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potentially unreliable gearboxes
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the reason that a smaller turbine is
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used for cruising
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is that a small tubing running at 100
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percent power
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is more fuel efficient than a bigger
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tribune running at 50
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power the system is currently used in
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the tree ships of the russian navy slava
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class cruisers
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the japanese maritime self-defense
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forces
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hatsuyuki class destroyers and the dutch
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navy cortana class frigates
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[Music]
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combine gas and gas combined gas tubing
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and gas turbine is a type of propulsion
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system for
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ships using two gas turbines connected
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to a single propeller shaft
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a gearbox and clutches along either of
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the turbines to drive the shaft
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of both of them combined
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using one or two gas turbines has the
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advantage of having two different power
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settings
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since the fuel efficiency of a gas
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tubing is
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best near its maximum power level
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a small gas tubing running at its full
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power is more efficient
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compared to a device as powerful turbine
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running
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at half power allowing more economical
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transit at cruise speeds compared to
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combined diesel and gas or combined
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diesel or gas
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kergex systems have a smaller footprint
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but a much lower fuel efficiency
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at cruise speed and for combined diesel
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and gas systems
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it is also somewhat lower for higher
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speed dashes
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combined nuclear and steam propulsion
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combined nuclear and steam propulsion
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system is used
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on the kiro class guided missile
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cruisers
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complementary to the nuclear component
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there are two conventional boilers
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installed as backup in case of reactor
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failure
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both components can drive two gear steam
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turbines generating 120 000 horsepower
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at two prop shafts integrated electric
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propulsion
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integrated electric propulsion or full
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electric propulsion
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or integrated full electric propulsion
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is an
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arrangement of marine propulsion systems
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such that
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gas turbines or diesel generators or
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both generate three-phase electricity
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which is then used to power electric
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motors
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turning either propellers or waterjet
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impellers
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it is a modification of the combat
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diesel electric
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and gas propulsion system full ships
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which eliminates the need for clutches
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and reduces or eliminates the need for
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gearboxes
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by using electrical transmission rather
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than
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the mechanical transmission of energy so
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it is a serious hybrid electric
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propulsion
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instead of parallel
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[Music]
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you
