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there's more than one way to connect to
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the internet in this video we'll look at
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the different internet connection types
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one increasingly common form of internet
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connectivity is through satellite
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networking this is where you would use a
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satellite dish to communicate with a
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satellite that's in a low earth orbit we
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sometimes refer to this as a
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non-terrestrial communication method
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because we're communicating to a device
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that's in space as you can imagine
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having a rocket take your satellite
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connection into space is a relatively
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expensive task and so the cost of having
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satellite connectivity can be more
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expensive than something that might be
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terrestrial networking the speeds over
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these satellite links can vary widely
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but it's not uncommon to find 50
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megabits of speed down and 3 megabits of
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speed going up to the satellite as you
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can imagine this is a bit more
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complicated than simply connecting a
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cable in your home which means that you
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would probably be using a satellite
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connection where no other type of
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internet connectivity was available one
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the challenge when communicating to
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these satellites in space is that it can
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take a bit of time to get the packets to
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space and back down to the ground
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station again this means that you might
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have to deal with latency that might be
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250 milliseconds going up to the
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satellite and another 250 milliseconds
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coming down from the satellite there are
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some newer satellite technologies such
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as starlink which advertises 40
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millisecond latency times and they're
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working on getting that down to 20
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milliseconds
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these satellite connections tend to
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operate in higher frequencies such as
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the two gigahertz range and they operate
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over line of sight which means if you do
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have rain clouds that come in you'll
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have rain fade which means you'll lose
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your connection while that rain is
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between you and the satellite
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one of the higher speed terrestrial
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types of internet connection is fiber
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these fiber optic links are great for
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internet connections because you can
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send a very large amount of information
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in a very short period of time of course
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fiber optics tends to be more expensive
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because the equipment costs a bit more
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for fiber optics you would have more
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expensive repairs for the fiber optics
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themselves and the equipment but it does
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allow you to communicate over very long
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distances
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if you've worked at all with enterprise
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networks then you're very familiar with
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fiber optics and connecting your
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infrastructure devices and the cores of
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your network together using this fiber
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optic technology we've taken that
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concept of running fiber optics in a
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network core and extended it to running
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fiber optics to your home or to your
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business this greatly improves bandwidth
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for your internet connections and gives
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you other options for sending or
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receiving information over these
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high-speed links
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if your home or business is serviced by
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a cable company then you might have the
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option for cable broadband this brings
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an internet connection into your home or
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business using the same cable that you
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would use for cable television broadband
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describes a method of communication
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where you can send multiple streams of
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data across a single wire by
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communicating across multiple
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frequencies on that wire this means on a
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single wire we can transmit video voice
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and data simply by using different
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frequencies on that same medium
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if your home or your business is
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serviced by a cable company they may be
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able to provide you with cable broadband
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this brings in video voice and data
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communication over the same wire that
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you would commonly use for your cable
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television the standard for sending this
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data over cable networks is called
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docsis this stands for data over cable
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service interface specification this
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docs says standard supports very high
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speeds and it's not unusual to find
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docsis networks that are one gigabit or
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even higher in speed this also means you
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don't have to bring in additional cables
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or services into your home you can
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simply use the same cable that you've
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always used except now you can use video
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voice and data over that same connection
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another technology where we're sharing
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some existing copper that we may already
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have in our home is dsl dsl stands for
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digital subscriber line although in most
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cases it is a dsl or asymmetric digital
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subscriber line dsl uses the existing
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telephone lines in your home to be able
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to provide you with high-speed network
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connections we call this connection
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asymmetric because the speed of the
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download is often faster than the speed
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of the upload it's not uncommon on dsl
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networks to have a downstream speed of
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around 200 megabits per second but the
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upstream speed is limited to around
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megabits per second these speeds are
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also limited by how far away you are
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from the central office or co if your co
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is an extended distance away then those
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speeds tend to decrease there is about a
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10 000 foot limitation for dsl so you
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have to be relatively close to your
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central office to even have dsl
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capabilities
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many of us use cellular networks for
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internet connectivity especially if
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we're away from our office or our home
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these use the mobile networks that you
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would commonly associate with a cell
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phone but instead of sending voice over
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that network we're communicating sending
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data
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one way to provide this connection is
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through tethering where we would
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physically connect to our phone via usb
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or through bluetooth and use our phone
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then as an internet connection many
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phones also support the ability to
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become a hotspot so they would enable
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802.11 capabilities and anything in
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range would be able to use that 802.11
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network through your phone to access the
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internet
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and in some areas you might have an isp
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that is able to send information over a
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wireless network to your home that would
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be a wisp or a wireless internet service
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provider
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unlike a satellite internet connection
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we're not sending information to space
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instead we're sending information to
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local ground stations that are in our
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geographic area for that isp usually you
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would find a wisp operating in rural
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areas or places where there's not a
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large infrastructure already available
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to send internet traffic
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some of these wireless isps will use
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mesh 802.11 to be able to connect
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devices they might have a 5g connection
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for your home internet or they may be
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using some other type of proprietary
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wireless connection in many cases you'll
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need an external or outdoor antenna to
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be able to send and receive information
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from this wisp and usually you get very
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good performance from these wireless
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networks in some areas these networks
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can operate up to one thousand megabits
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per second
