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about 20 years ago uh some colleagues
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and I were sitting in a in an office
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we're business professors and we're
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talking about what it takes to be a
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successful business we were talking
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about the essence of success and what
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causes success and the more we talked
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about it the more we realized that then
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the this business success more than
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anything else are
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relationships relationships between
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businesses between employees and bosses
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between companies and and and customers
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between suppliers and companies it was
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relationships that happen to be the
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essence that drives company performance
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efficiency Effectiveness and the more we
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talked we decided we we've got to
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understand what these relationships are
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and what really drives these
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relationships we talk about the
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relationships we came to the
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conclusion that the essence of
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relationships is trust it's
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trust we got quite excited we thought oh
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man that's the essence of all
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relationships we got to find out what
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this trust thing is we started reading
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literature we started looking up what is
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trust and what we found was a
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mess there was no clear definition of
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trust it was used in a myriad of
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different ways and defined in in a
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myriad of different ways we didn't
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understand
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trust now as researchers that God us
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kind of excited there's an area that we
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can really
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research but we found that people said I
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trust you I trust you what did that mean
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we didn't know we didn't know so we
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began to to investigate what trust
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really is and we decided we'd start by
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looking at world leaders some of the
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most influential leaders in world
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history obviously if you're an
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influential world leader you must be
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trusted rank it.com on the internet
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ranked world leaders the most
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influential leaders of all time
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Alexander the Great was ranked as number
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one it's amazing that Napoleon is ranked
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number three ahead of George Washington
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Abraham Lincoln and Winston
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Churchill amazingly Adolf Hitler is rank
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number
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17 ahead of Thomas Jefferson Benjamin
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Franklin how does that reflect on trust
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what does that mean for
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trust does that mean that Hitler is more
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trusted than Abraham
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Lincoln what is trust and what drives
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trust in fact we started looking at
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companies and and entrepreneur.com lists
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the most trusted Brands the most trusted
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companies and these are some of the most
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trusted Brands and many of these we use
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this means we trust Nike We Trust
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Coca-Cola We Trust Southwest
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Airlines how do you know when you trust
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Southwest Airlines with your luggage
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they're not going to lose
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it how do you know when you pick up that
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Nick can of Coke it's not going to make
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you sick how do you know when you open
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up a license agreement from
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Apple this is amazing I give I talk
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about trust all over the world and I've
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asked over and over again how many of
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you read the license agreement before
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you
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agree this is a license agreement for
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iTunes it's
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229
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pages and I'm not going to even ask how
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many have read it because most of us
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just agree to it we don't know what
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we've agreed to but we've agreed to it
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why because we can trust Apple we can
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trust our we can trust them so what is
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trust trust is a willingness to be
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vulnerable you choose to take risk and
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be vulnerable to the other party that
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means if I say I trust you it means I'm
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willing to be vulnerable to you I'm
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willing to take that
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risk it's vulnerability and risk that
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drive trust so how does this work let me
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start with a story
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my fiance and I I were driving in
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Wyoming in Jackson uh Jackson City
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Jackson Hall Wyoming and we looked up on
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the mountain and there was a ski resort
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and people were jumping off the M
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mountain and paragliding off the
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mountain these are the Tetons these
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aren't Little Guys these are real
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mountains and we looked up there and
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thought should
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we should we and we we thought let's
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give it a shot and we drove over there
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all right and and we go up to the
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business and say all right tell us about
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paragliding first person we saw was this
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guy right here
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John John comes up and basically says
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I'm going to take you we're going to
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jump off the mountain
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together now you don't have any time
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you've got to make a snap judgment and
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there were my fiance and I were looking
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we looked at this guy and
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says we really want to take that risk do
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we really want to be vulnerable to this
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guy I got a little little sidebar here
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when I prepared this Ted Talk I had to
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get him his image get his permission to
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use the image in the in this Ted Talk he
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had to take a risk in
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me it was it was fun I turned the tables
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not a lot not a lot different than
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jumping off a mountain
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so and so the bottom line is say here we
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are and we had to look at
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John do we trust him we're trusting him
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with our lives we're going to jump off a
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mountain with this guy am I willing to
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be vulnerable to
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him what drives my willingness to take a
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risk in John well the first thing that
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drives trust is something called
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propensity a
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propensity to take to trust a propensity
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to take on that vulnerability and
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risk everybody everybody is born with a
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propensity to take risk it's driven by
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geography it's driven by family it's
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driven by upbringing it's driven by
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Society Adelman trust barometer is on
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the internet and they went around the
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world and they found different levels of
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trust throughout the world the red areas
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on the map are areas that don't have as
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good trust as the blue
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areas and so is it all driven by our
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upbringing is it all driven by our
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family
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I can tell you no because a family came
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up while my fiance and I were talking to
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John and it was amazing here they were
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from the same town from the same home
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the same family and some members of the
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family said no way I'm not going to jump
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off that mountain other members of the
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family said let's do this
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thing so I know it we know it's more
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than propensity we know it's more than
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propensity it's more than just that
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innate willingness to trust and take
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risks that we born
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with what we found in our research are
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there are three major drivers to trust
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three drivers three reasons we trust and
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the amazing thing is it's our perception
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of that company it's our perception of
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that other person that that drives these
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drivers the first of the three drivers
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is
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ability does that person can that person
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do what they say they can do are they
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able to perform what they say they can
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perform do they have that
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ability all right there's
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John all right there he is does he have
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the ability well he comes out and he's
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wearing that black helmet kind of
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unshaven he's got that jump off the
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mountain
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look and I got to tell you I looked at
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him and I thought you know if he were
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wearing a pink Helmet or a yellow helmet
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I wouldn't believe it but he's wearing a
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black helmet he's got the Swagger he
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looks like he's jumped off a mountain
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before and I said to him I said John
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have you done this before he says yeah
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he says I've done it for 20 years and he
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said I says any deaths in that time any
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broken bones and he said no 20 years
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safe John's got the ability he's got the
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ability and I began to believe in
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John now here's something funny about
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ability it's situation specific would I
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trust John to fix the engine in my
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car John doesn't look like a guy that
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could fix my engine I wouldn't trust JN
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to fix the engine in my car he could
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jump off a
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mountain he had that
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ability so it's ability is not
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generalizable it's specific to the thing
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that you're trusting them to do I would
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trust John to jump off a mountain not
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fix my car okay ability I will trust
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them if they can do what they say they
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will do okay if they're able to do it
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the second driver is
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benevolence do they care about
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me now here's John I know he can jump
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off the mountain but man I'm telling you
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what I saw those paragliders coming down
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and they were cork screwing down and I
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saw some pretty dang green people after
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they got off the mountain and I knew
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John could cause me a lot of discomfort
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you know we'd
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survive but I might not wish I'd
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survived I and so does John care about
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me does John care and it was interesting
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because we talked to him and I got I
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began to feel like yeah we began to
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connect a little bit I be we began to
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connect and and John I felt like cared
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about me now here's the interesting
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thing here if they care about me it's
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not driven by their ego okay they don't
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care about me for their own
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gratification they really care about me
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and if they really care about me I'm
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more apt to trust couple examples here
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of of people that that were known for
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their
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caring Abraham Lincoln once said to ease
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another's heartache is to forget one's
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own he cared about people a contemporary
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of of Abraham Lincoln was Walt Whitman
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they and and in their writings they kind
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of Blended each other's names very often
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in their writings and Walt Whitman once
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said you know Abraham Lincoln is my man
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but more importantly I am Abraham
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Lincoln's man he believed in the
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benevolence of Abraham Lincoln and
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people that followed Abraham Lincoln did
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so yeah he had
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ability but they they cared he they said
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that Abraham Lincoln cared about them
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the amazing thing is if it's all I have
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is ability and no benevolence I'm a I'm
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an
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assassin assassins have loss of ability
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and they don't they don't really
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care Abraham Lincoln cared what an
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example of an assassin Caligula Caligula
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raised by his uncle his uncle wanted two
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people to share the emperor role role in
00:12:00
Rome the first thing kigy did did was
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kill his his his cousin kill his kill
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the competition so that he was the sole
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leader he drained the national
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treasury um one time he was in the
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Coliseum and they ran out of criminals
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to put to put with the Lions so he just
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grabbed some Spectators and put them
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down there as well he was not a man with
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a lot of
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benevolence people feared him as a
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result you couldn't trust him you
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couldn't trust him him ability and
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benevolence drive your willingness to
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take risk but there's one more factor
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that factor is
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integrity Integrity is having a set of
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values that other people agree with you
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live by those values and other people
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agree with those values now let's go
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back to Adolf Hitler if you know the
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history of Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler in
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the 1930s served a little time in
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jail and while he was in jail he wrote a
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book called mine comp my
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struggle in that book Adolf Hitler laid
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out his values his belief
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system now most of us wouldn't agree
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with those values in that belief system
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believe me that book was a bestseller in
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in in Nazi Germany and there were people
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that believed in his values they
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believed he had integrity and believe me
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adol he lived his values we wouldn't
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believe in his values and so we wouldn't
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trust Hitler but there were people that
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did integrity means I have a set of
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values I live those values and you trust
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me because of those values and you
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believe in those values in other words
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if you say you're going to be there
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you're going to be there if you say
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you're going to be honest you're honest
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if you say you're going to be
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trustworthy
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courteous you you will be and you agree
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with it not driven by ego it's real
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three factors then drive
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trust Thomas Moore was known for his
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Integrity he was known for his
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Integrity he once said we speak of
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principles but if the weather turns
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nasty you up your anchor and move to
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where the weather is is more calm and
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the fishing is
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better Thomas Moore lived his principles
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if you go to the Tower of London there's
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a small Church in the back corner and
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Thomas Moore's body is in the Floor of
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that church somewhere he stood up
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against the king of England because he
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didn't agree with the King of England
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and while everybody else changed their
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values to match the king Thomas Moore
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did not he stood by his values he gave
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his life for his values and his
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principles Thomas Moore was a guy you
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could believe he lived his values Thomas
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Moore could be trusted because he lived
00:15:01
his values the bottom line three
00:15:06
factors three factors Drive trust yeah
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there's John again I'm not finished with
00:15:14
him three factors Drive trust ability
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benevolence and integrity and it's your
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perception it's your perception and
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there's John and there I am am I going
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to jump from the mountain am I going to
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jump from the mountain unconsciously I'm
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thinking ability benevolence and
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integrity did I
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jump yeah I
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jumped I
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jumped yeah it was great I
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survived I don't know that I'd have
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jumped if I couldn't believe
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him if I wouldn't have believed him if I
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wouldn't have trusted him I don't know
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whether I could have
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jumped as
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importantly my fiance jumped we jumped
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together and it was
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phenomenal if you want to improve your
00:16:07
relationships if you want to reduce your
00:16:10
friction if you want to improve people's
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perception of your
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trustworthiness build their perception
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of your ability benevolence and
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integrity and you will build trust and
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believe me we will have a happier
00:16:27
Society thank you thank you