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let's talk about the skills you need to
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become a web developer web development
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is generally broken down into two areas
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frontend development and backend
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development and then full stack
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development which is a combination of
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both frontend development is all about
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what the user sees and interacts with
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it's the website in your browser or the
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app on your mobile phone or tablet
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backend development handles everything
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behind the scenes like data processing
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storage and logic you can start on
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either end but if you're starting out
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and pursuing a career in web development
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I recommend you to start with the
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backand because it gives you a solid
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foundation in programming and problem
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solving plus when you transition from
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back end to front end you'll have a deep
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understanding of what happens under the
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hood in contrast if you start with the
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front end back end looks like a mystery
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and you'll have no idea what's really
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happening under the hood so in this
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video first we're going to cover the
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skills you need to become a backend
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developer and then we'll talk about
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front-end development to become a
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backend developer there are five
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essential skills let's go over them one
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by
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one the first step to learning backend
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development is to pick up a programming
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language here we have a few options like
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JavaScript python Ruby Java C and go
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just to name a few now which one is the
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best well it's almost impossible to pick
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one language as the best or the ultimate
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language because the choice of language
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depends on various factors like project
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requirements team expertise and
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performance needs for example JavaScript
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is used for full stack development
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because we can use it on both the front
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end and the back end in contrast Python
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and Ruby are often used for rapid
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prototyping and fast development Cycles
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Java and C are often used in building
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large scale Enterprise grade
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applications they're heavily used in
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large organizations and government
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systems and go is used for performance
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critical and concurrent applications now
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the common mistake I see among my
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students is that they try to learn many
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of these languages hoping that this
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would increase their job opportunities
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but it doesn't work that way because
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learning a language is only the first
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step you also need to learn the
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ecosystem of tools and libraries for
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that language to land a job so if you're
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starting out just stick to one language
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whichever you like but also do a bit of
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research and see how many job
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opportunities are available for that
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language where you live generally
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speaking there are often more job
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opportunities for python Java and
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JavaScript but again I want you to do
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your own research now assuming that
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there are more job opportunities is for
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these three languages in your town and
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you're not sure what language to start
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with I would recommend python because
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it's the easiest and has a simple
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readable syntax that's great for
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beginners my second choice is Java
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because it's a solid language and is
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often taught to computer science and
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software engineering students JavaScript
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has a ton of weird parts and baggage
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from the past because it wasn't
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originally built for building backends
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we can certainly use it to build great
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backends and I've done that many times
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but I still prefer Java or or C to
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JavaScript for building backends so
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don't overthink this pick a language and
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dedicate 2 months to learning it if you
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spend 3 to 5 hours every day studying
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and coding you can learn any of these
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languages in about 2 months now to help
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you on this journey I've created a free
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supplementary PDF that breaks down the
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specific Concepts you need to learn for
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each skill it also includes several
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project ideas to help you practice and
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apply what you have learned it's a great
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resource to review your progress find
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gaps in your knowledge and prepare for
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interviews you can find the link in the
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description Box by the way I have a
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bunch of tutorials on this channel and
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complete courses on my website if you're
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looking for structured learning again
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links are in the description box the
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next thing you need to learn is a
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version control system like git git is
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not a programming language it's a tool
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that we use to track changes to our code
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and collaborate with others git and
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GitHub which is a platform that hosts
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git repositories are essential for every
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developer git has a ton of features but
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you don't need to know them all for
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everyday use think of it like the 8020
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rule 80% of the time you use 20% of gits
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features so one to two weeks of practice
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is enough to get up and running now
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building backends often involves working
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with data structures and implementing
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complex algorithms this is where a lot
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of self-taught programmers struggle
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because they try to skip ahead and learn
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more and more languages and tools
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without learning the fundamentals of
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computer science data structures and
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algorithms are critical subjects taught
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to computer science students and they're
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often covered in Tech interviews
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especially at Big tech companies like
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apple Google and Microsoft while you can
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skip this step and go to the next as
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someone who has had the privilege of
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teaching millions of people I highly
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recommend you not overlook this step
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otherwise you're going to feel the pain
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later in your career so spend 1 to two
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months studying classic computer science
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data structures and algorithms this will
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give you a strong foundation in
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programming and problem solving the next
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thing I'll recommend to learn which a
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lot of self-taught people Miss is design
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patterns design patterns are proven
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solutions to Common software design
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problems there are 23 classic design
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patterns that were documented in this
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classic book design patterns by the gang
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of four many of these patterns are used
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in web Frameworks particularly spring
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Django and as.net core which we will
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talk about in a few minutes so learning
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these design patterns will give you a
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deeper understanding of object-oriented
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design principles
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and how these Frameworks work under the
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hood now I got to tell you this book is
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pretty old and it's written in C++
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honestly it's a difficult read because
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many of the examples in the book are dry
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and not quite relevant to Modern
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software that's why I've created a very
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handson and pragmatic course on this
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topic where I use Java and modern
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examples that you find in applications
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we use every day so you can see how
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these design patterns are used to solve
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problems in modern applications whether
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you want to take my course or a
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different resource I believe if you
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dedicate a few hours every day you can
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have a pretty solid understanding of
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design patterns in about 2 months the
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next thing you need to learn is
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understanding and designing databases
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there are two classes of database
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engines relational and non-relational
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also called No SQL databases in
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relational databases data is stored in
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tables with rows and columns that are
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related that's why we call them
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relational databases these databases are
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best for applications that require
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complex queries and transactions like
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banking systems and e-commerce
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applications especially any application
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that needs complex reporting examples of
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relational database engines are MySQL
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postgress SQL server and Oracle these
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are different products that despite some
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differences work more or less the same
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way with all these products we retrieve
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or store data using a language called
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SQL some people call it SQL which is
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short for structured query language it's
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a simple language that looks like plain
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English now you don't need to learn all
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these database engines because different
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projects and teams use different
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database engines when you're starting
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out you just need to learn one of them
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and you can easily pick up others on the
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job out of these I would recommend MySQL
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because it's the most popular database
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engine but you can pick any other
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database engine that you like one month
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is enough to learn the essence of SQL
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and working with a relational database
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now in no SQL databases data is stored
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without a predefined table structure so
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these databases are more flexible
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they're best for applications that
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require flexible data models and
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real-time analytics examples include
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mongod DB couch DB and Cassandra again
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these are several products out there and
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you don't have to learn all of them out
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of these I would recommend mongodb
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because it's the most popular and you
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can learn it in about a month you're not
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going to be an expert but you're going
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to have a decent practical knowledge the
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next thing you need to learn is a web
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framework which depends on your
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programming language for python you
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should learn Jango for Java you should
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learn spring boot for JavaScript you
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should learn express.js for C you should
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learn as. net core for Ruby you should
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learn Ruby on Rails and for go you
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should learn J all these Frameworks more
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or less do the same thing they provide a
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bunch of tools for building backends
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handling tasks like routing requests and
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response handling database interaction
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and Security in a nutshell with these
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Frameworks we can build and publish
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application programming interfaces or
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apis these apis are essentially
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communication points between front ends
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and backends allowing front ends to
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retrieve or post data to backends if you
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have a solid background in a programming
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language and databases you can learn any
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of these Frameworks in about 2 months so
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if you dedicate a few hours every day
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and follow this road map you'll have the
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necessary knowledge to apply for
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entrylevel backend Developer jobs in
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about 12 months now let's talk about the
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essential languages and Technologies you
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need for frontend development frontend
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development is built on Three core
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languages HTML CSS and JavaScript HTML
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or hypertext markup language is used for
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structuring web pages we can Define
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headings paragraphs images links and
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more it's quite simple and if you
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dedicate a few hours a day you can learn
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the basics in a week or two the next
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thing you need to learn is CSS or
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cascading stylesheets CSS is used for
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styling web pages it allows us to
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control colors fonts layouts and so on
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it helps create responsive designs that
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adapt to different screen sizes with a
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few hours of practice a day you can
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learn the essence of CSS in 2 to 4 weeks
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you won't be an expert but you'll have
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practical knowledge to apply in your
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projects as you work on different
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projects you will learn additional
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techniques along the way the next thing
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you need to learn is Javascript and this
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is where programming starts HTML and CSS
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are for structuring and styling pages
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but programming is about logic it's
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about algorithms and this is where
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JavaScript comes in with JavaScript we
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can make our web pages interactive we
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can handle user clicks validate form
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data show popups get data from the back
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end and basically bring our website to
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life now if you have never programmed
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before this might be the most
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challenging part of your journey because
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you have to learn how to think like a
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programmer it might feel weird at the
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beginning but with continuous study and
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consistent practice I'm sure you can get
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a reasonable grasp of it in about 2
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months the next thing you need to learn
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is typescript it's a language that's
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built on top of JavaScript that adds
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static typing and additional features
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allowing us to write more robust code
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these days most companies prefer
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typescript for large scale applications
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so if you want to land a frontend
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developer job in 2024 and Beyond
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typescript is a must know it's
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relatively small compared to JavaScript
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and you can get up and running in about
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2 to 3 weeks next on our list is a UI or
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user interface library or framework a UI
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framework is for building user
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interfaces using reusable components or
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building blocks examples include react
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angular View and so on react is the most
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popular and has a ton of job
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opportunities so if you're looking to
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land a frontend developer job react is
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your best bet now to learn react
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effectively you need to have a solid
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understanding of JavaScript and basic
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grasp of typescript because most react
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projects these days use typescript so
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make sure to build a strong foundation
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in JavaScript before diving into react
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otherwise you're going to face numerous
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challenges with a solid understanding of
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JavaScript you can get up and running
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with react in about 2 months then you
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can explore other options like angular
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or view to add to your resume focus on
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one framework at a time learn it
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properly do a few projects and once you
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have a solid understanding you can learn
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other Frameworks if you wish so that's
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the core of front and development these
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skills are listed on nearly every job
00:11:55
description and with continuous learning
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and consistent practice you can learn
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them all in about 6 months but I got to
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be honest with you frontend development
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is competitive so to truly stand out
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there are additional skills you need to
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learn to increase your job opportunities
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so let's go over them one by one you
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learn that with CSS we can style web
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pages and make them beautiful now as our
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projects grow and get more complex
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styling Pages using plain CSS can become
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painful and messy so over time many
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solutions have been created to address
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this problem one of them is CSS
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pre-processors which allow us to write
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CSS in a more efficient syntax using
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additional features and then compile it
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down to plain CSS examples include SAS
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Les and stylus different projects use
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different tools and you don't need to
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learn all of these to apply for a front
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and developer job if you're familiar
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with one of them you can quickly learn
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others on the job out of these I would
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suggest SAS because it's the most
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popular and a good one to start with one
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to two weeks is enough to get up and
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running with SAS another approach to
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writing manageable CSS is using a CSS
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framework a CSS framework provides
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pre-written CSS that we can use in our
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applications some of the popular ones
00:13:09
are bootstrap Tailwind Foundation
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skeleton and so on now as you can see
00:13:14
here on npm Trends bootstrap used to be
00:13:16
very popular and a lot of projects are
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still using it but over the past couple
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of years Tailwind has been emerging and
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overtaken bootstrap so a lot of newer
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projects particularly react projects use
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Tailwind so out of these I recommend
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learning Tailwind it's not that
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complicated and you can get a decent
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grasp of it in about 2 to 4 weeks
00:13:37
another key skill that employeers are
00:13:39
looking for especially in senior
00:13:41
developers is automated testing with
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automated testing we can write code to
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test our code and make sure it functions
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correctly automated testing minimizes
00:13:50
bugs and enhances the overall quality of
00:13:53
our applications there are many testing
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Frameworks out there but the two most
00:13:57
popular ones are just and V test which
00:13:59
are pretty similar so once you learn one
00:14:01
of them you can learn the other pretty
00:14:03
quickly just is the most popular one but
00:14:05
it has some baggage so newer projects
00:14:08
often use vest again they're very
00:14:10
similar and you can start with either of
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them I believe 3 to four weeks is enough
00:14:15
to learn the essence of just and
00:14:17
automated testing principles next on our
00:14:20
list is meta Frameworks a meta framework
00:14:22
is a higher level framework that sits on
00:14:24
top of a core UI library or framework
00:14:27
and enhances its cap abilities it's not
00:14:30
something that all employers are looking
00:14:31
for because it's only used in newer
00:14:34
projects a lot of older projects don't
00:14:36
use a meta framework but if you want to
00:14:38
have a Competitive Edge if you're
00:14:40
looking for a better position with a
00:14:41
better salary I would recommend learning
00:14:43
a meta framework for react applications
00:14:46
we have nextjs which is the more popular
00:14:48
option and remix I recommend learning
00:14:51
nextjs which you can master in 4 to 6
00:14:54
weeks if you have a strong foundation in
00:14:56
react so that really sums up the
00:14:58
essential schem deals you need to become
00:15:00
a frontend developer if you have any
00:15:02
questions please let me know in the
00:15:03
comments below and I will do my best to
00:15:05
answer you right here or in my future
00:15:08
videos if you enjoy this video please
00:15:10
give it a like And subscribe for more
00:15:12
useful content
