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hello welcome back to anti-social
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studies all right today i'm going to
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introduce
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unit 5 revolutions oh it's getting
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really exciting you can hear the les mis
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music
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so we are now in a new era we are in
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1750 to 1900
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and really this unit is all about like
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the it's the 19th century right which i
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think is maybe the most
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uh important century in the history of
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the world
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at least as far as it sets up our
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understanding of the modern day
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so a few recaps because now you know
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we've covered a lot of ground but
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we've covered a few hundred years so
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just as a recap right in our first two
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units 1200 1450 we had powerful
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land-based empires were the ones
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dominating and these are the traditional
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big guys of asia that are really like
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copying and pasting from the roman and
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the persian empires
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um silk road yadda yadda then
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in the next time period 1450 to 1750 we
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have the rise of maritime empires so
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there had been like maritime states like
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malacca or the majapahit or whatever in
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the first two units but then we start to
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get these big guys like england and
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spain that are going out in this age of
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discovery slash conquest slash genocide
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and starting to create these massive
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empires to be clear a maritime empire
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doesn't mean they don't control any land
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it just means their empire is separated
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by water right and so you start to have
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things like the british empire that owns
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land or controls land in north america
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and australia
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and southern africa okay now we are
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moving
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into a little bit more of the modern era
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1750 to 1900 where these what were
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maritime empires are going to grow into
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full-blown
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industrial empires we're entering into
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the age of imperialism but before we get
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there
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right we have to talk about the age of
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enlightenment okay
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so the early enlightenment was really
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happening in the last time period
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so at the same time that europe is
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coming out of its sort of late
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renaissance and their scientific
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revolution
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um they are also starting to come up
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with enlightenment ideals where they're
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you know
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challenging like hey if there's natural
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rights and natural laws that govern the
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rest of the world what about natural
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rights for people
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and maybe kings don't have divine right
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i don't know
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just a thought right and so that's
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coming out of england and france and
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parts of western europe
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okay those are going to influence a
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series of revolutions around what we
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call the atlantic world
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so it just means on either side of the
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atlantic ocean right
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um the first is gonna be the american
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revolution got sparks
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a lot of us are familiar with that
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george washington anyway we can move on
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and it's gonna spark a series of
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enlightened revolutions all around the
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world
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this is the unit to start really trying
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to understand or figure out
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contextualization
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so context is like what else is going on
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that's going to impact the event that
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i'm trying to understand
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and so for example the american
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revolution is really important context
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for these other revolutions around the
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world and actually even going further
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back
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the enlightenment is important context
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for understanding
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the american revolution and so the
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american revolution is the spark and
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then there are a lot of other places
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around the world who say
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that's a great idea we should do that
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too i'm oversimplifying your teacher
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will go into more detail
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the first that comes after that is the
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french revolution very soon after is
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going to be
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revolutions all across the rest of the
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american world okay
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another example of contextualization and
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causation is understanding how
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the different revolutions are really
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impacting each other so it's not just
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the american revolution inspires
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everyone else it's more tangible than
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that
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the french revolution creates chaos in
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europe for example
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and is going to lead pretty much
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directly to these other latin american
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revolutions
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so even though it doesn't really seem
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like there'd be a connection between
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france and napoleon bonaparte
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and like spanish colonies in colombia
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for example they are directly related
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so the chaos of the french revolution
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first
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leads to a revolution in the french
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colony of haiti right
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but also when napoleon starts
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napoleoning all around europe and he
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conquers places like spain and portugal
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and imprisons the king of spain
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you now have all of these colonies of
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new spain that are
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sort of left to their own devices and
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have to govern themselves for a while
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while their king is in prison by
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napoleon
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and so when the king eventually comes
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back to the throne
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and is like thanks for keeping my seat
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warm they're gonna go um
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actually i think we're good right so
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this is one of those units where you can
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really practice the skill of
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contextualizing and doing causation
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this thing over here leads to this thing
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over here and really walking us through
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the steps that get us from like
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napoleon bonaparte to father miguel
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hidalgo in mexico for example
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okay so there are a few big questions of
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this unit the biggest guiding question
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is how does the enlightenment
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lead to political social and economic
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changes around the world
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um don't you'll be tempted to just focus
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on like europe and the new united states
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in this unit but remember
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like asia africa they're all still very
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important
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so within that you'll be talking about
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how did the enlightenment influence
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political revolutions in the atlantic
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world right we're going to have our
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declaration of independence the first
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real
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like enlightenment being put into action
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document in the history of the world
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um you're also going to have other
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oppressed historically oppressed and
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marginalized groups
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using the enlightenment to try to
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advance their own causes for example
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you're gonna have women like olympi de
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gouge saying
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hey but like women too right and if you
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want to know more about this
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i did a collaboration with ben friedman
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over at friedmanpedia all about the
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declaration of the rights of women by
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olympia gouge it's like one of my
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favorite documents of all time
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so i'll put a link in that in the um
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description to that video
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and you're also going to see right like
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non-white european
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people becoming enlightened and using
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that as motivation like toussaint
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overture
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a formerly enslaved black haitian
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leading the haitian revolution it's
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gonna be cool
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you also want to know how did the
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industrial revolution change western
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society how is this changing the global
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balance of power and making what we call
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now
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the west right kind of northwestern
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europe in the united states
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the dominant power in the global economy
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and and
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you want to think about how does it
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change society in good ways and bad ways
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right so it leads to a ton more
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political power and societal power
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if you are industrialized in wealth and
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all these other things
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but it also leads to this extreme
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division of wealth
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and this inequality and so you're going
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to see some people reacting to that and
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coming up with new philosophies and
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saying you know what maybe adam smith's
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capitalism
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we're trying it out but maybe there are
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modifications we need to make
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the most famous of that is going to be
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karl marx best beard
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in world history and lastly you're going
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to want to answer how did non-western
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nations respond to
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these developments respond to the
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enlightenment respond to the industrial
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revolution and really
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you know you have a spectrum and the
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answer is either either they adopted it
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completely and tried to westernize as
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much as they could
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or they rejected it entirely and said
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who needs the west
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or what's more common they went
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somewhere in between and so you're going
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to see some success stories like japan
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japan is going to find like really
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thread this needle of
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taking things from the west that are
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going to be useful to japan
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but also keeping at bay some of the like
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cultural influences
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that could lead to some sort of like
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imperialism in japan so japan's really
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going to be the mvp
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of this question the one who really
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struggles the most is going gonna be
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china and i'm gonna do a whole video
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on like late 19th century china because
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it just is a hot mess there's opium wars
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and
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civil wars and marble boats and it's
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just chaos right
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and then you have other states
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especially across the middle east like
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the ottoman empire or in this portrait
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you have egypt under muhammad ali
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not the boxer the leader of egypt you
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have them doing the same things in japan
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they're interested in what's going on in
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the rest of the world they're wanting to
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maybe build a navy
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you'll see portraits of clearly
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non-european people wearing european
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style uniforms
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so they're adopting some aspects of
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westernization but trying to suit them
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to their own needs and they have varying
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degrees of success
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lastly you're going to want to just be
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thinking about the foreshadowing
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because what we know is coming or what
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you should know is coming
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is that all of this and
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industrialization is happening at the
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same time
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as what we're going to call the age of
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imperialism this is like the high point
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or the low point of imperialism
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where you have you know european states
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going around and just
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fully conquering colonizing subjugating
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entire continents like africa like south
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asia
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and so you want to be constantly
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thinking about the industrial revolution
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as context for that
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how is this process how is
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industrialization going to make it
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easier
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for industrialized countries like europe
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like the united states and like japan
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to then turn around and conquer the rest
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of
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the world okay good luck on unit 5
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make sure that you are supporting
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all about current events but either way
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good luck in unit 5
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have fun revolutionizing i don't know
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bye
