How Does It Work: Electrical Distribution

00:05:14
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F2Mj2qLuYUw

Ringkasan

TLDRThe video provides an overview of the electricity generation and distribution system managed by PWC, emphasizing its unique position as the only municipality in the state with its own generating plant. It explains the process of electricity generation, the significance of transformers, and the structure of the transmission and distribution systems, including the various voltage levels involved. The video highlights the importance of a reliable network for emergency situations and the efficiency of public power in quickly addressing outages, ensuring that customers receive consistent service.

Takeaways

  • ⚡ PWC operates 34 substations.
  • 🏭 PWC is the only municipality with a generating plant in the state.
  • 🔌 Electricity generation starts at the generating plant.
  • 🔄 Transformers step up and down voltage levels.
  • 📡 Transmission lines deliver 230,000 volts from Duke Energy.
  • 🔗 The transmission system is a network of interconnected wires.
  • 🏠 Residential customers use 120 volts from the distribution system.
  • 🔄 Three-phase electricity is used for large power consumers.
  • 🌩ī¸ A robust system is crucial for storm response.
  • 🚚 PWC ensures rapid response to outages.

Garis waktu

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:14

    PWC operates 34 substations and is unique in the state for having a generating plant. Electricity generation begins at the plant, utilizing three-phase generators, which are fundamental to electric systems. Transformers play a crucial role in stepping up and down voltage within the transmission and distribution systems. High power transmission lines typically have six wires, with one main and one backup circuit, maintaining the three-phase operation. The transmission network spans from Fort Bragg to Gray's Creek, with three delivery points from Duke Energy at 230,000 volts, which are then stepped down to 66,000 volts at substations. Further, the voltage is reduced to 12,000 volts for distribution to customers, with residential areas typically using single-phase connections from the three-phase lines. The system is designed for safety and efficiency, ensuring rapid response during emergencies, with interconnected circuits allowing for flexibility in service delivery. Public power enhances system reliability and quick emergency response, contrasting with larger utilities that may have slower response times.

Peta Pikiran

Video Tanya Jawab

  • What is the role of transformers in the electricity system?

    Transformers step up and step down voltage in both the transmission and distribution systems.

  • How many substations does PWC operate?

    PWC operates about 34 substations.

  • What voltage do residential customers typically use?

    Residential customers typically use 120 volts.

  • What is the difference between transmission and distribution systems?

    Transmission systems connect substations, while distribution systems deliver electricity to customers.

  • What is the significance of three-phase electricity?

    Three-phase electricity is fundamental for large power users like manufacturing companies.

  • How does PWC ensure rapid response to outages?

    PWC's tight system allows for quick response to emergencies, often with crews arriving shortly after an outage is reported.

  • What voltage do the transmission lines from Duke Energy deliver?

    The transmission lines from Duke Energy deliver electricity at 230,000 volts.

  • What happens to the voltage as it moves through the system?

    The voltage is stepped down from 230,000 volts to 66,000 volts, then to 12,000 volts, and finally to 120 volts for residential use.

  • Why is a robust transmission system important?

    A robust transmission system is important for maintaining service during storms and emergencies.

  • How does PWC connect to Duke Energy?

    PWC has three points of delivery from Duke Energy across its network.

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Gulir Otomatis:
  • 00:00:01
    [Music]
  • 00:00:18
    pwc operates about 34 substations
  • 00:00:22
    we have
  • 00:00:23
    we're the only municipality in the state
  • 00:00:24
    that has a generating plant
  • 00:00:27
    and we have miles of transmission and
  • 00:00:30
    distribution lines
  • 00:00:32
    first thing you need to know about is
  • 00:00:34
    generation
  • 00:00:36
    electricity starts at the generating
  • 00:00:39
    plant
  • 00:00:40
    generators have three phases a b and c
  • 00:00:44
    that is the fundamental of all electric
  • 00:00:48
    systems you'll see three wires going
  • 00:00:50
    down up and down the highway
  • 00:00:53
    all along our transmission system and
  • 00:00:55
    distribution system but three phase is
  • 00:00:57
    important to know
  • 00:01:00
    transformers are also important to know
  • 00:01:03
    they step up the voltage and they step
  • 00:01:05
    down voltage
  • 00:01:07
    so they're used both
  • 00:01:08
    in our transmission system and our
  • 00:01:10
    distribution system the last thing you
  • 00:01:13
    need to know is the
  • 00:01:14
    high power transmission lines
  • 00:01:17
    the high power transmission lines
  • 00:01:18
    usually have six
  • 00:01:21
    wires on them
  • 00:01:23
    one's a main circuit and one is a backup
  • 00:01:25
    circuit
  • 00:01:26
    so again they're still operating in
  • 00:01:28
    threes
  • 00:01:31
    the transmission system at pwc
  • 00:01:36
    is a network of wires that go all around
  • 00:01:39
    the city
  • 00:01:40
    starting up at the north
  • 00:01:43
    fort bragg area and then throughout
  • 00:01:45
    fayetteville all the way down to gray's
  • 00:01:47
    creek
  • 00:01:48
    we have three points of delivery
  • 00:01:51
    from duke energy
  • 00:01:53
    the deliveries are at 230 000 volts and
  • 00:01:57
    those three points are across the
  • 00:02:00
    network
  • 00:02:01
    the transmission lines from
  • 00:02:04
    duke energy
  • 00:02:05
    feed those three points of delivery
  • 00:02:09
    at 230 000 volts
  • 00:02:13
    our
  • 00:02:15
    substations there step it down to 66 kb
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    or 66 000 volts that is the network that
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    you see on this map that are all
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    interconnected so that we can switch
  • 00:02:28
    things around when we're doing
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    maintenance on the various substations
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    around
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    we have 34 substations where it's
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    stepped down again
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    to 12 000 volts
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    that 12 000 volts is what you see on the
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    distribution lines
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    and as we come over here these this is
  • 00:02:48
    the distribution system
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    which is at the lower voltage that
  • 00:02:53
    goes to all of our customers remember i
  • 00:02:55
    talked about three phase the three
  • 00:02:57
    phases are used for
  • 00:03:00
    customers
  • 00:03:01
    that use a large amount of power the
  • 00:03:04
    manufacturing companies the commercial
  • 00:03:06
    businesses those all use three phase
  • 00:03:10
    our residential customers though only
  • 00:03:12
    use single phase so we'll tap off of
  • 00:03:15
    those three lines and just pull one down
  • 00:03:18
    into a subdivision to serve the various
  • 00:03:21
    residential customers all around the
  • 00:03:23
    city
  • 00:03:24
    and again
  • 00:03:26
    out of those 34 substations we have
  • 00:03:29
    miles and miles of distribution lines so
  • 00:03:32
    that's the difference between
  • 00:03:33
    transmission we don't connect any
  • 00:03:35
    customers to the transmission system
  • 00:03:38
    we just connect our substations to the
  • 00:03:40
    transmission system
  • 00:03:42
    distribution is where it goes to the
  • 00:03:44
    customer
  • 00:03:46
    once it gets to your house we take that
  • 00:03:48
    12 000 volt level down to
  • 00:03:51
    your level at your house the outlet that
  • 00:03:54
    you have in the house is 120 volts
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    so
  • 00:03:58
    12 000 gets stepped down to
  • 00:04:00
    a 120.
  • 00:04:02
    there are also some appliances in your
  • 00:04:04
    home that run on 240
  • 00:04:06
    and that's a different
  • 00:04:07
    session
  • 00:04:09
    but anyway
  • 00:04:11
    it needs to be stepped down for safety
  • 00:04:13
    reasons
  • 00:04:14
    it is important to have a robust
  • 00:04:17
    transmission system as well as
  • 00:04:19
    distribution system for storms etc
  • 00:04:24
    the reason we have this network and
  • 00:04:26
    loops all around the city is again so
  • 00:04:29
    that we can switch in times of emergency
  • 00:04:31
    we do the same thing on the distribution
  • 00:04:33
    system we have circuits that tie into
  • 00:04:36
    each other
  • 00:04:37
    so that if poles fall down here we can
  • 00:04:40
    feed more customers from a different
  • 00:04:42
    direction public power is important
  • 00:04:46
    because
  • 00:04:47
    the system is tight
  • 00:04:49
    and the response to any emergencies is
  • 00:04:53
    rapid
  • 00:04:54
    some of the larger utilities have remote
  • 00:04:57
    locations where they call crews from
  • 00:05:00
    and it takes a long time for them to get
  • 00:05:01
    there
  • 00:05:02
    it's almost like you're hanging up the
  • 00:05:04
    phone from reporting an outage and the
  • 00:05:06
    truck is pulling into your driveway
  • 00:05:09
    and that's how it works
Tags
  • electricity
  • generation
  • transmission
  • distribution
  • transformers
  • substations
  • public power
  • emergency response
  • voltage levels
  • three-phase