Is the Premier League’s ‘Big Six’ era finally over?
Ringkasan
TLDRThe panel discusses the changing dynamics in the Premier League regarding the traditionally dominant big six teams. Historical context is given, tracing the evolution from the 1980s big five to the current big six, with key events such as managerial changes and financial investments impacting the standings. The recent decline in consistent performance from several big six teams is highlighted, particularly around the 2018-19 season, leading to questions about the ability of clubs like Newcastle and Aston Villa to challenge for top spots. Financial sustainability, player wages, and smart recruitment strategies have become vital, leading to speculation about whether the future will see a big eight or the establishment of a super league.
Takeaways
- 🏆 The big six currently consists of Manchester United, Manchester City, Liverpool, Chelsea, Arsenal, and Tottenham Hotspur.
- 📅 The Premier League era began in 1992, marking a shift in club dominance.
- 📉 Trends indicate that recent seasons have seen fluctuating performances from big six teams.
- 💰 Financial power allows teams to acquire better players and maintain competitiveness.
- 🥇 Newcastle and Aston Villa are new contenders aiming to enter the big six due to strong financial backing.
- 📊 PSR limits how much clubs can lose, impacting their recruitment strategies.
- 🔄 Lesser clubs have improved performance through smart recruitment and use of data analysis.
- 🚫 Teams could 'unbig six' themselves by dropping in performance and revenue like Manchester United and Spurs.
- 🌟 The future may see a shift to a big eight or even a super league format as smaller teams rise.
Garis waktu
- 00:00:00 - 00:05:00
The discussion centers on whether the dominance of the Premier League's so-called 'big six' teams is over. Historically, these teams have always been at the forefront since the Premier League's inception in the 1990s, with Manchester United leading during the early years. However, the emergence of teams like Arsenal and later Chelsea and Manchester City began to shift the landscape, suggesting a potential decline in the big six's control.
- 00:05:00 - 00:10:00
The timeline of the Premier League reveals an evolution from a 'big five' in the 80s to the recognized 'top six' by the late 2010s. However, recent seasons show a decline in consistency for traditional big six teams like Chelsea and Manchester United, raising questions about their future standings. The speaker emphasizes how this shift indicates that the top six might not simply be defined by historical dominance but by current performance and results.
- 00:10:00 - 00:15:00
Recent seasons have seen teams like Newcastle and Aston Villa perform well, accumulating more points than traditional big six teams. This suggests that financial backing from rich owners is leading to a transformation in which these clubs may challenge the established order. The discussion emphasizes that while the big six still have financial clout, their on-field performances do not guarantee their position in the top six anymore.
- 00:15:00 - 00:20:00
The state of current Premier League wages between big six and emerging teams points to an interesting trend. Although historically higher wages correlated with league performance, recent data shows exceptions, where lower-budget teams are outperforming expected financial metrics. This comes as a result of shrewd recruitment and management strategies that focus more on data analytics and player development rather than simply spending big on transfers.
- 00:20:00 - 00:29:20
In conclusion, the era of the big six in the Premier League may be changing, defined more by performance and less by historical standing. Future divisions of teams could emerge based on financial valuations and competitive results, creating possibilities for a 'big eight' and an evolving landscape where clubs can rotate in and out of elite status based on success in the league and international competitions.
Peta Pikiran
Video Tanya Jawab
What are the big six teams in the Premier League?
The big six teams traditionally refer to Manchester United, Manchester City, Liverpool, Chelsea, Arsenal, and Tottenham Hotspur.
When did the big six start dominating the Premier League?
They started gaining prominence in the Premier League era which began in 1992.
What is the significance of the 2018-19 season?
It marked a watershed for the big six as their dominance showed signs of decline.
Can teams break into the big six?
Yes, teams like Newcastle and Aston Villa are examples of clubs that could break into the big six based on recent performances.
What role does financial power play in determining big teams?
Financial power is critical as it allows teams to purchase better players and sustain performance over time.
What is the PSR in football?
PSR stands for Profitability and Sustainability Rules, which limits how much teams can lose over a three-year period.
What does it mean for a team to 'unbig six' themselves?
It refers to the possibility of traditionally big teams like Manchester United and Spurs dropping out of the big six due to poor performances.
How have smaller clubs started performing better?
Many smaller clubs have become smarter in recruitment and data use, allowing them to perform above their expected level.
What is the future outlook for the Premier League's big teams?
Future dynamics may shift the definition of the big six, with larger financial streams possibly creating a big eight or super league type scenario.
Is Chelsea still considered part of the big six?
Chelsea is currently struggling but with smart signings, they could find their way back into the big six.
Lihat lebih banyak ringkasan video
- 00:00:00The big six teams in the Premier League
- 00:00:01have been big for some time, but
- 00:00:03recently a couple of them have not been
- 00:00:05that good. So today, I'm joined by JJ
- 00:00:07Bull. Hello. And John McKenzie to ask
- 00:00:10the question, is the era of the big six
- 00:00:12in the Premier League finally over?
- 00:00:17Now John, it's hard to think of a time
- 00:00:18when the big six didn't dominate the
- 00:00:20Premier League. So it feels weird to
- 00:00:22think that that's might be the case now,
- 00:00:24but it hasn't always been the case, has
- 00:00:26it? It hasn't. No. And what I've done is
- 00:00:27I've drawn up a timeline to have a think
- 00:00:30about how we talked about the Premier
- 00:00:31League elite through the ages. I started
- 00:00:34my timeline in the 1980s because this
- 00:00:36was the point at which a so-called big
- 00:00:38five emerged in the in the media. Do you
- 00:00:40want to guess who that big five were
- 00:00:41back in the 80s? Man United. Yeah.
- 00:00:43Liverpool. Yeah. Chelsea. No. No. Uh
- 00:00:47Everton. Everton is one. Yeah. Um
- 00:00:50Arsenal. Yeah. And Liverpool. You said
- 00:00:53Liverpool. Did I? Yeah. Liverpool twice.
- 00:00:56Spurs is Spurs is the final one. So, two
- 00:00:58derbies and the and then Manchester
- 00:01:00United as well. It sort of became the
- 00:01:02consensus that these teams were going to
- 00:01:04be the ones who were going to win the
- 00:01:05league. That brings us to the beginning
- 00:01:06of the the Premier League era. Now, at
- 00:01:08the beginning, actually, maybe should
- 00:01:09have included the big one because
- 00:01:11Manchester United pretty much dominated
- 00:01:13from the beginning of the of the
- 00:01:15formation of the Premier League. Apart
- 00:01:16from Blackburn Rovers, of course,
- 00:01:17Blackburn Rovers in there as well. Of
- 00:01:19course, Big One is also your nickname,
- 00:01:20right? That is true. That's true. But
- 00:01:22then in 1996, something very important
- 00:01:24happens. Arson Wenger happens. Arson
- 00:01:26Wenger happens. That's right. So Arson
- 00:01:28Wenger arrives at Arsenal and then
- 00:01:29suddenly the monopoly of Manchester
- 00:01:31United becomes a duopoly. Um so we start
- 00:01:34seeing Arsenal Manchester United
- 00:01:35switching uh places at the top of the
- 00:01:37table and a great era it was John great
- 00:01:39era but what we start then seeing is
- 00:01:41just a gradual increase in the in the
- 00:01:43teams who are considered the the top
- 00:01:44teams. So by the end of this period you
- 00:01:47got the invincible season of 0304.
- 00:01:50That's the last one that Arsenal win. Um
- 00:01:52Liverpool start getting big at this
- 00:01:54point. So they have their treble.
- 00:01:55Another moment on the timeline, 2003,
- 00:01:58Roman Abramovich, you know all the
- 00:01:59answers, Joe. You know all the answers.
- 00:02:01So Roman Abramovich buys Chelsea and
- 00:02:03starts putting money into them. And what
- 00:02:04we end up with then between 2004 and
- 00:02:062009 is that the top four era, as we
- 00:02:09called it. You'll remember that era. We
- 00:02:11call it a top four era because the top
- 00:02:12four always finished in the top four
- 00:02:14spots. Between 2004 and 2009, apart from
- 00:02:17one season, 2005. What happened in 2005?
- 00:02:20Leicester City won the league. No,
- 00:02:23Everton finished in the top. That's
- 00:02:24right. Of course, the David Moyes era.
- 00:02:26The David Moyes era. Um, but beyond
- 00:02:28that, in that in that period, it was
- 00:02:30constantly the top four finishing in the
- 00:02:32top four spots. But then it changes
- 00:02:34again, John. Yeah. 2008, 2009, that's
- 00:02:36the season when Shake Manor buys
- 00:02:38Manchester City. So, you've got another
- 00:02:41big money club in in the Premier League
- 00:02:43now. But also, another club actually
- 00:02:45makes a case that it should be
- 00:02:46considered in the the best teams in the
- 00:02:48country, Tottenham. That one's easy.
- 00:02:49That was not even a quiz question.
- 00:02:51That's too easy. But that was actually
- 00:02:52the Harry Rednap era at Spurs. Um I
- 00:02:55prefer to think of it as the Vanva era.
- 00:02:56The Vandervart era. Yeah. Sure.
- 00:02:58Obviously then taken over by Pochettino
- 00:03:01later on and Spurs really cement
- 00:03:02themselves in that in that top six. And
- 00:03:04again I've called it the top six because
- 00:03:06what we're talking about here is the
- 00:03:07biggest teams in the country actually
- 00:03:08consistently finishing in the top six
- 00:03:10spot. So I've got this graphic here
- 00:03:13which just goes season by season showing
- 00:03:15you where the big six teams finished in
- 00:03:17the league. And as you can see 201819 is
- 00:03:20the I think the watershed here because
- 00:03:21up until that point generally speaking
- 00:03:23the big six teams are finishing in the
- 00:03:25top six places. Hence why we're calling
- 00:03:27them the top six. That's why we're
- 00:03:28calling the top six. There are a few
- 00:03:29seasons where Liverpool finish outside
- 00:03:31the top six but they're finishing
- 00:03:32seventh and eighth. And then there's a
- 00:03:34Man United seventh place finish as well.
- 00:03:36There's the outlier season of 2015 16
- 00:03:39which is when Leicester City win the
- 00:03:40league. And after that clearly the the
- 00:03:42the big six sides want to reassert their
- 00:03:44dominance. So we have three seasons
- 00:03:46there where they're finishing 1 to six.
- 00:03:48Um so this very much I think is the top
- 00:03:51six era. The biggest teams in the
- 00:03:53country generally finishing around the
- 00:03:55top six spots. So what changes then?
- 00:03:58What changes then is once we start
- 00:03:59looking at the the the where these teams
- 00:04:01are finishing it becomes a lot more open
- 00:04:03I think. So you can see from 201920 to
- 00:04:06last season there's only one season
- 00:04:07where the big six finish in the top six
- 00:04:09spaces and and we can see there's teams
- 00:04:11actually dropping much lower. So, couple
- 00:04:13of eighth place finishes, but 12th place
- 00:04:15finish from Chelsea in 2223 along with a
- 00:04:18couple of eighth place finishes from
- 00:04:19Spurs and Manchester United in recent
- 00:04:21seasons. And this season is going to be
- 00:04:23a lot starker. If we had that added and
- 00:04:24it was finished already, it would be
- 00:04:26wild to look at. Yeah, because
- 00:04:27Manchester United and Spurs are not even
- 00:04:29going to finish in the top half of the
- 00:04:30table. So, it feels as though there has
- 00:04:32been this shift. And as a result, on the
- 00:04:34timeline, I've distinguished between the
- 00:04:36top six and the big six because it no
- 00:04:38longer makes sense to talk about the
- 00:04:39biggest six teams as the top six because
- 00:04:42they're not consistently finishing in
- 00:04:44the the top six spots. Now, you might
- 00:04:46say to me, well, if we look at the
- 00:04:48period in question, those last seven
- 00:04:49seasons, the big six have actually
- 00:04:51picked up the most points. So, that sort
- 00:04:54of suggests that there is a top six. So,
- 00:04:55we can see that the big six have
- 00:04:57finished with the most points in that
- 00:04:58time frame. Actually, if we only
- 00:05:00consider the last three seasons, we can
- 00:05:02see that a slightly different picture
- 00:05:03emerges because now after Man City,
- 00:05:05Arsenal, and Liverpool, what we've got
- 00:05:07is Newcastle and Villa picking up more
- 00:05:08points than the other members of the the
- 00:05:11big six. So, just to clarify, this means
- 00:05:13cumulatively in the last three seasons,
- 00:05:15Newcastle and Aston Villa have picked up
- 00:05:17more points than Man United, Chelsea,
- 00:05:18and Tottenham. Yeah, that's pretty wild.
- 00:05:20Yeah. And so that that raises the
- 00:05:22question of whether or not what we're
- 00:05:23seeing here is just a randomness of a
- 00:05:25couple of teams performing quite well or
- 00:05:27whether or not what we're going to start
- 00:05:28seeing I think is a change in the in the
- 00:05:31actual buildup of the of the big six.
- 00:05:33Could it be the case that Villa and
- 00:05:35Newcastle who both have very rich owners
- 00:05:37could actually break into that that that
- 00:05:39group of the the biggest teams in the in
- 00:05:41the Premier League? Well, that's my
- 00:05:43question because the the the big six are
- 00:05:44no longer the top six, but they are
- 00:05:46still big as considered by the big six.
- 00:05:49Yes. And it all comes down to money
- 00:05:51because the distinction between the big
- 00:05:52six and the top six is that the big six
- 00:05:54can continue to spend money on their
- 00:05:56squad so that they can have the better
- 00:05:58players even when they take a
- 00:06:00performance hit whereas the top six is
- 00:06:01always based on performance over over a
- 00:06:03period I would say. Okay. So JJ as
- 00:06:06John's established money still plays a
- 00:06:07central role in teams being big but
- 00:06:09maybe in recent seasons a little less of
- 00:06:11a central role seemingly in making teams
- 00:06:14top. I understand what you mean. So I
- 00:06:17have a study of why money is important.
- 00:06:19So there is an established theory that
- 00:06:22uh the higher wages you pay the higher
- 00:06:24you finish in the league. It kind of
- 00:06:25equates over time. So not always exactly
- 00:06:27there. If we look at the Premier League
- 00:06:29wages, what we see is kind of what we
- 00:06:31expect. City, United, Chelsea, Arsenal,
- 00:06:32they pay all the most wages and they
- 00:06:34tend to finish in the top six. This is
- 00:06:36the top six finishes in the past 30
- 00:06:38years. So you can see that that's kind
- 00:06:40of what the top wages are. However, as
- 00:06:43we're saying, this is over time. So
- 00:06:44these are their wages currently for the
- 00:06:4624-25 season. But this does not
- 00:06:48correlate with the league positions
- 00:06:49because as you'll observe from the real
- 00:06:50league table, there are a few anomalies.
- 00:06:52For example, Manchester United and
- 00:06:53Tottenham are nowhere near where they
- 00:06:55should be. Everton and West Ham are also
- 00:06:57having really poor seasons are way below
- 00:06:58where they should be. But Bournemouth,
- 00:06:59Brighton, and Brenford and probably
- 00:07:01Fulham as well are uh performing well
- 00:07:03above where they should be compared to
- 00:07:05what their wages they're paying their
- 00:07:06players are. And in fact, Bournemouth,
- 00:07:08according to underlying numbers, should
- 00:07:10be fourth in the league, which is way
- 00:07:11higher than you'd really expect. And
- 00:07:13this shouldn't really happen especially
- 00:07:14when you consider the money that the big
- 00:07:16six teams have. Now how did this happen?
- 00:07:18Well the reason is because the big teams
- 00:07:20got stupid while the small teams get
- 00:07:22smart. They did things like focusing on
- 00:07:25uh clever recruitment data analysis.
- 00:07:27They brought in loads of clever like
- 00:07:28off- pitch people to help make the on
- 00:07:30pitch people better. They have less
- 00:07:32money to spend on individual transfers.
- 00:07:33So they started looking for value in
- 00:07:35other markets and just finding ways to
- 00:07:37value people higher than other people
- 00:07:39see them. So like the money ball
- 00:07:40approach basically is what's happened.
- 00:07:42And what you see is uh Man United not
- 00:07:44doing that. They focused on the
- 00:07:45commercial aspect. The footballing
- 00:07:47division got left behind. They have
- 00:07:49anecdotally I've read that the their
- 00:07:51data department and recruitment
- 00:07:53department is just desperate and all
- 00:07:55over the place. No one knows who's
- 00:07:56really in charge of anything. It's a bit
- 00:07:58of a mess. And so what you see in the
- 00:07:59pitch is kind of a representation of
- 00:08:00that behind the scenes. And Borne's a
- 00:08:02good example of who's done it really
- 00:08:03well cuz that's little Bournemouth.
- 00:08:05They're very small and on the coast.
- 00:08:07Yeah. Sunny there. You could get a
- 00:08:08lovely tan. Perhaps that's what
- 00:08:10attracted Eddie Mitchell to the club in
- 00:08:122009. So he started putting things in
- 00:08:14place to make them better, stabilized
- 00:08:16them, got them out of debt. Then he
- 00:08:17brought in a guy called Maxim Demen who
- 00:08:19has lots of money uh and he helped fund
- 00:08:21their rise from League 2, League One
- 00:08:23Championship to the Premier League where
- 00:08:25they are now. They went down again. And
- 00:08:26then someone called the Black Knight
- 00:08:28Football Club, which I believe is owned
- 00:08:29by Batman, took them over and now he's
- 00:08:31putting far more money into them and
- 00:08:32they're currently performing at a really
- 00:08:34high level. Yeah. Now what's interesting
- 00:08:35is that because Bournemouth are in the
- 00:08:37Premier League and they had have a
- 00:08:38little money, you know, had to find
- 00:08:39these smaller players to make them
- 00:08:41bigger and better. But the Premier
- 00:08:42League is very very wealthy. So what you
- 00:08:44have is Brighton who are also kind of
- 00:08:47relatively small club. You'd think in
- 00:08:48European terms. Yeah. I often think of
- 00:08:51things in European terms. Me too.
- 00:08:52Brighton uh brought in more revenue in
- 00:08:55the 23 24 season than Roma. Wow. You
- 00:08:58heard of them. And Benfica is there in
- 00:09:00Rome. And Benfica is in
- 00:09:03Portugal. Lisbon. Lisbon. Yes, that's
- 00:09:06right. But these things are now run like
- 00:09:07businesses. The Premier League is very,
- 00:09:09very wealthy and now you have people
- 00:09:10running them like a business. How
- 00:09:12wealthy is it? Well, the Premier League
- 00:09:13is so wealthy that in 2024, Spurs earned
- 00:09:17more than Juventus and Napoli combined.
- 00:09:22That's how wealthy the Premier League
- 00:09:23is. That's crazy. Yeah. Spurs earn 615
- 00:09:26million euros, but combined those two
- 00:09:27clubs took in €69 million. That's How
- 00:09:29much of that came from Beyonce, though?
- 00:09:31Well, let's find out. Because the reason
- 00:09:34Spurs were able to make that much
- 00:09:35revenue compared to those gigantic clubs
- 00:09:37is that they diversified income streams
- 00:09:39and strategic commercial initiatives. My
- 00:09:42words, what does that even mean? It
- 00:09:44means that they took in 193 million
- 00:09:46euros in broadcasting because the
- 00:09:48Premier League's popular. That's where
- 00:09:49the money is coming from. They watch it
- 00:09:50around the world, Joe. And €123 million
- 00:09:53in matchday revenue. But there's a
- 00:09:55missing bit of money to pick up the
- 00:09:57rest. And that is because they took in
- 00:09:59€297 million in commercial revenue.
- 00:10:02Yeah. Because the big money now is in
- 00:10:04stadiums. I took that picture. That's a
- 00:10:06stadium. Did you? I did. Yeah. Which
- 00:10:07stadium is that? That's the the Spurs
- 00:10:09stadium. Oh, great. The one I was
- 00:10:10talking about. That's relevant at the
- 00:10:12time. It is relevant. And this means
- 00:10:14that because the stadium brings in so
- 00:10:15much money to them that the Red Hot
- 00:10:18Chili Peppers helped fund the signing of
- 00:10:20Lucas Bergville. It fits. It treads,
- 00:10:22doesn't it? It does. And actually the
- 00:10:24stadiums are interesting because that's
- 00:10:25how like teams in the big six had to
- 00:10:27considered. They have big they're very
- 00:10:29prestigious. They got lots of history
- 00:10:30and that's what helps make them part of
- 00:10:32the big six I think. But then their
- 00:10:33stadiums then also help them generate so
- 00:10:35much revenue that they can't really
- 00:10:36leave the big six really because it's
- 00:10:38just going to generate so much wealth.
- 00:10:39And if you look at the big six the
- 00:10:41stadiums kind of correlate with where
- 00:10:43they are as a football club. For
- 00:10:44example, Man City inherited a fancy
- 00:10:46stadium. Then they redeveloped the area
- 00:10:48around it and that's what's come up.
- 00:10:50They're now an established super team.
- 00:10:52Liverpool redeveloped Anfield. all the
- 00:10:53history, the prestige. Yeah, they're
- 00:10:55just made it better. Supercharged it.
- 00:10:57Arsenal built the Emirates, went to
- 00:10:58austerity to do it, but now they're
- 00:11:00enjoying the benefits. Yeah, one day
- 00:11:02maybe we will too. Chelsea are trying to
- 00:11:04build a new stadium with large
- 00:11:06investment funding. That's what the
- 00:11:08club's doing. Yeah, but they can't get
- 00:11:09it right. They can't get it right
- 00:11:11because of the tube. Yeah, because of
- 00:11:13the tube. Too many trains. Um, Spurs
- 00:11:15built a spaceship. Don't really know
- 00:11:16what to do with it. And Man United's
- 00:11:18roof is falling in. It's very wet in
- 00:11:20there, I've heard. Yes. M basically the
- 00:11:23commercial revenue these big six teams
- 00:11:25can take in because of the Premier
- 00:11:26League being broadcast everywhere. It
- 00:11:28means they kind of have consolidated
- 00:11:29power and things like stadiums allow to
- 00:11:31generate even more wealth which means
- 00:11:32that even when they fall off a bit their
- 00:11:34revenue is so high that they are always
- 00:11:37going to be in the big six I would say
- 00:11:39too big to fail perhaps. Thanks JJ that
- 00:11:42was very interesting. You know what else
- 00:11:43is interesting Phil Hey or what he has
- 00:11:46to say. What is it Phil? You'll remember
- 00:11:48Roberto Deserby's reign at Brighton and
- 00:11:50you'll probably remember that it all
- 00:11:52ended for him there in slightly volatile
- 00:11:53fashion. He's coaching mass in France
- 00:11:56these days and you'll be pleased to hear
- 00:11:57that he hasn't changed. At one point
- 00:11:59this season he threatened to randomly
- 00:12:01quit. At another point he refused to
- 00:12:03turn up for a training session and his
- 00:12:05squad declined to take part as a result.
- 00:12:08They're trying to qualify for the
- 00:12:09Champions League and they're under
- 00:12:10pressure big time. To get away from the
- 00:12:12chaos and to find some peace and quiet,
- 00:12:14Derby decided to take his players for a
- 00:12:16training camp in Rome, but he managed to
- 00:12:19time it for exactly the same week that
- 00:12:20the Pope died. Not exactly a break from
- 00:12:22the masses. If you like this story, or
- 00:12:25if you'd like more stories like it, sign
- 00:12:26up for the Athletic FC newsletter
- 00:12:28clicking on the link below. We'll be in
- 00:12:30your inbox Monday to Friday. Hey, thanks
- 00:12:32Phil. Hey, so John, we've established
- 00:12:34the difference between the big six and
- 00:12:36the top six. I mean the next natural
- 00:12:38question here is can a team go from the
- 00:12:41top six to the big six. Is it possible
- 00:12:44to big six yourself? Well, as we saw at
- 00:12:46the beginning of the show, there's a
- 00:12:47couple of teams who have actually broken
- 00:12:48into the top six in Villa and Newcastle
- 00:12:50who I think into the top six into the
- 00:12:52top six. Not the big question is can
- 00:12:54they break into the big six into the big
- 00:12:56interestingly enough both of those teams
- 00:12:57have very rich owners who particularly
- 00:12:59Villa actually put a lot of investment
- 00:13:01into their team and as JJ I think has
- 00:13:04really clearly explained what we're
- 00:13:06talking about. We're talking about the
- 00:13:07big six is these teams who have revenue
- 00:13:09streams that are going to continue
- 00:13:10regardless of your performances. So,
- 00:13:12you're still going to be able to make
- 00:13:13enough money to spend money on your
- 00:13:15squad. The big question is how do
- 00:13:17Newcastle and Villa get to a point where
- 00:13:19they're able to generate the same kind
- 00:13:20of revenues in order to to be able to
- 00:13:23achieve the same status. And that was
- 00:13:25the big question, not the top question.
- 00:13:27That's the big question, not the top
- 00:13:28question. Just checking. Okay, good. Um,
- 00:13:30there's an issue here though because
- 00:13:31these two teams do have money available.
- 00:13:33So the the solution here would just be
- 00:13:35well spend more money on your team, make
- 00:13:37them better. Um the issue is is that PSR
- 00:13:40exists. Now PSR as we all know is profit
- 00:13:44and sustainability rules. Profitability
- 00:13:46and sustainability rules. Come on, that
- 00:13:47is so pedantic. Half a mark. As we all
- 00:13:50know, PSR basically means that each club
- 00:13:53can make 105 million pounds worth of
- 00:13:55losses over a three-year accounting
- 00:13:57period. Now that sounds pretty
- 00:13:58complicated and boring. The way that I
- 00:14:00think about it is that essentially if we
- 00:14:02think about the money that's that teams
- 00:14:04are spending on their squads as a river
- 00:14:06coming down from a mountain coming down
- 00:14:08from a mountain. So you you would want
- 00:14:10to think that you could spend as much
- 00:14:11money as you want so that river flows
- 00:14:12freely. The Premier League have
- 00:14:13basically built a dam across that river
- 00:14:15to slow down the the flow of of monies
- 00:14:18into your club. Yeah. The big question
- 00:14:20of how you actually arrive then in into
- 00:14:22the the big six for me is how well you
- 00:14:25can overcome that that dam. how you can
- 00:14:27push extra water over the over the the
- 00:14:30dam into the top into the reservoir. Um,
- 00:14:33two great examples of this. So, we we're
- 00:14:35talking about two teams recently who've
- 00:14:36broken into the big six, Manchester City
- 00:14:39and um and and Spurs. Manchester City
- 00:14:41did it by spending money. They're
- 00:14:43currently going through the courts
- 00:14:44because the question is whether or not
- 00:14:45they spent that money quicker than they
- 00:14:47should have done, whether or not they
- 00:14:48found loopholes to get around the dam.
- 00:14:50Um, Spurs did it through performances
- 00:14:52and actually the the quality of their
- 00:14:54performances as a club being enough that
- 00:14:55then their owner could invest money in a
- 00:14:58smart way in order to justify getting
- 00:15:00all of that revenue as well. So, aka
- 00:15:02Pochettino rose the water level and some
- 00:15:04dribbled over the top. That's right.
- 00:15:05Yeah. He he basically made the squad
- 00:15:07more valuable than it than it maybe the
- 00:15:09wage budget suggested it should be. Um,
- 00:15:11so there are ways of breaking into that
- 00:15:13big six. I would say the question is
- 00:15:15whether or not Newcastle and Villa can
- 00:15:17do it because I think PSR much stricter
- 00:15:19now than it was. So Chelsea bought back
- 00:15:22in 2003 were able to do it relatively
- 00:15:24easily. It's much harder now for
- 00:15:26Newcastle to actually make sure that
- 00:15:27they're pushing more of that water over
- 00:15:29the dam to get down to the reservoir.
- 00:15:31Now I think there's two different ways
- 00:15:32that Newcastle and Villa can do that.
- 00:15:33The first one is by being smart with
- 00:15:35their squad, raising the value of their
- 00:15:37squad by putting in good performances so
- 00:15:39that their players become worth more.
- 00:15:40But the issue is that it's actually
- 00:15:42quite hard to do that. and I would say
- 00:15:44very time consuming. So let's take a
- 00:15:47look at this graph here which just shows
- 00:15:48you how much each team has spent on
- 00:15:50their current squads. It actually was
- 00:15:52this cost from last season but this is
- 00:15:54how how much they've actually spent to
- 00:15:56actually spent. Yeah. So Chelsea spent
- 00:15:58you know 1.5 billion to assemble the
- 00:16:00squad that they have right now. Um Villa
- 00:16:04and Newcastle right down here below the
- 00:16:06the big six. Understandably they've not
- 00:16:08been able to spend as much on their
- 00:16:10squad as they would have liked because
- 00:16:11they're not bringing enough money in.
- 00:16:12Right. So in order to spend more, they
- 00:16:14would need to bring more in. They need
- 00:16:15to raise the revenues or they could do
- 00:16:17it through raising the value of their
- 00:16:18squad. Now when it comes to Aston Villa,
- 00:16:20I think this is a really interesting
- 00:16:21example of why such a slow and laborious
- 00:16:23process. I've got a quote here from
- 00:16:24Chris Weatherspoon, who is our football
- 00:16:26finance writer at The Athletic. What
- 00:16:28he's talking about here is over the past
- 00:16:30five seasons, Villa have spent 652
- 00:16:32million on new players, which is the
- 00:16:34sixth highest in England at that time.
- 00:16:37But if we go back to our graphic, we can
- 00:16:39see despite spending more than clubs
- 00:16:41like Manchester City, their squad is
- 00:16:43still nowhere near as expensive as those
- 00:16:45team squads. So the big reason for this
- 00:16:48is because they've had to sell players
- 00:16:50as well, right? Because if you raise the
- 00:16:52value of your squad by playing good
- 00:16:53football, you can only realize that once
- 00:16:56you sell those players on. Um there's a
- 00:16:58couple of reasons why you might want to
- 00:16:59do that. One, to invest reinvest money
- 00:17:01in your own squad. The problem is is
- 00:17:02that you've got to get that right all
- 00:17:04the time. And even if you did do that
- 00:17:05right all the time, you're only really
- 00:17:07raising the value of your squad
- 00:17:08incrementally because as better players
- 00:17:10are coming in, good players are going
- 00:17:11out. That's right. And the other thing
- 00:17:12that I would say on this is that PSR
- 00:17:15limits exist. So every the end of every
- 00:17:18season, teams have to make sure that
- 00:17:20they've not spent more than they should.
- 00:17:22And so often what teams have to do to
- 00:17:24make sure they bring the their their
- 00:17:25losses down to an acceptable limit,
- 00:17:27remember that 105 million pound limit,
- 00:17:29is sell players as well. And the problem
- 00:17:30is is that to do that, you generally
- 00:17:32have to sell your better players because
- 00:17:34your your better players are going to be
- 00:17:35the ones who are worth more. There is a
- 00:17:37caveat here in that if you sell your
- 00:17:39homegrown players, they make a lot of
- 00:17:41value for you in PSR terms as well. So
- 00:17:43what we've seen is a lot of clubs
- 00:17:44talking about selling uh the players
- 00:17:47they developed through theirmies because
- 00:17:48that's a really good way of getting
- 00:17:50beyond that PSR limit as well. But the
- 00:17:52reality remains that in order to
- 00:17:53generate value through your squad, you
- 00:17:56have to play well for a while. You have
- 00:17:57to sell your players well and you have
- 00:17:58to reinvest that money well as well. You
- 00:18:00have to keep doing it over and over and
- 00:18:02over again. Yeah. So, it's a slow
- 00:18:03process and it's and it's difficult. One
- 00:18:05final thing on this as well is when you
- 00:18:07do this well and you're making your
- 00:18:08squad worth more, you're raising the
- 00:18:11value of your squad, but you're also
- 00:18:12actually increasing your costs because
- 00:18:14to build a better squad, you need to
- 00:18:16spend more on wages. You have to pay the
- 00:18:18players more. And so this is a really
- 00:18:20nice graphic again from one of Chris
- 00:18:21Weatherspoon's pieces where as we if we
- 00:18:23look at Villa and Newcastle, we can see
- 00:18:26that yes, they've had really good
- 00:18:27performances recently, their squad value
- 00:18:29is probably increasing. The problem that
- 00:18:31that has come from that is that they've
- 00:18:32had to massively up their wage bill as
- 00:18:34well. So even when you get it right and
- 00:18:37you raise the value of your squad,
- 00:18:39you're reducing the the actual profits
- 00:18:40that you're making because you have to
- 00:18:41pay more for that as well. Yeah. Okay.
- 00:18:43Now, the other area where they can make
- 00:18:45value, I'd say maybe a little bit more
- 00:18:47easily, a little bit more quickly and a
- 00:18:48little bit more cleanly even, is is in
- 00:18:50competition. So, the Champions League, I
- 00:18:51think, is a massive um example of the
- 00:18:53way that these sorts of teams can
- 00:18:55generate revenue to to be able to keep
- 00:18:57their better players, not fall foul or
- 00:18:59the PSR windows as well because you earn
- 00:19:01so much money from being in. That's
- 00:19:02right. So, that's actually why Aston
- 00:19:03Villa tried to win the Champions League
- 00:19:04this year. It would make sense though,
- 00:19:06wouldn't it? Yeah. And they got to the
- 00:19:08quarterfinals, didn't they? Yeah.
- 00:19:09They're not doing it right. Very
- 00:19:10impressive. Yeah. And as Chris
- 00:19:11Weatherspoon points out in this piece,
- 00:19:13he says, "Villa estimated to have earned
- 00:19:14more than 70 million from their
- 00:19:16exploits, ensuring that they, like
- 00:19:18Newcastle last season, will top 300
- 00:19:20million in income for the first time."
- 00:19:22So we're talking about revenue now.
- 00:19:23Their their revenue stream is is getting
- 00:19:24bigger because they're winning this
- 00:19:26competition. And outside of the big six,
- 00:19:29they're the only two English clubs to
- 00:19:30have managed the feat. So it suggests
- 00:19:32that by going around having good
- 00:19:33performances in the Champions League,
- 00:19:35they're doing a good job of maybe
- 00:19:36breaking into that big six, making it a
- 00:19:38big eight. But the problem here is that
- 00:19:40as we've seen from Villa and Newcastle,
- 00:19:43they've been able to get into the
- 00:19:44Champions League, but in those seasons
- 00:19:45where in they're in the Champions
- 00:19:47League, they've struggled to actually
- 00:19:48consolidate their position in the top
- 00:19:50four or five, which determines them
- 00:19:52getting back in the following season
- 00:19:53now. Well, they don't necessarily have
- 00:19:55the squad depth in order to maintain
- 00:19:57that in the way that these big six teams
- 00:19:59do. So, it's almost unfair. Yeah,
- 00:20:01exactly. And this is why it's just so
- 00:20:02difficult to break into that into that
- 00:20:04big six grouping because they have the
- 00:20:06revenue to be able to protect themselves
- 00:20:08from performance drop offs. Whereas
- 00:20:10essentially for Villa and Newcastle to
- 00:20:11achieve that, they're going to have to
- 00:20:13have basically perfect performance and
- 00:20:16squad recruitment for the next 5 years
- 00:20:18or so, I would imagine, which is
- 00:20:19unlikely. Okay. I mean, the next natural
- 00:20:21question then is if it's very very
- 00:20:23difficult to big six yourself, is it
- 00:20:26possible to unbig six yourself? I mean,
- 00:20:29I'm thinking specifically of teams like
- 00:20:31Manchester United who appear to be
- 00:20:32trying very hard to do that uh and maybe
- 00:20:35Spurs who are also languishing near the
- 00:20:37bottom of the league at the moment. What
- 00:20:38what what's the likelihood that those
- 00:20:40teams will will fall out of the big six
- 00:20:42or is it possible? Yeah, I guess this
- 00:20:44comes down to the question of whether or
- 00:20:45not you can reduce your revenue to a
- 00:20:47point where it becomes functionless as
- 00:20:49because the big six they're able to just
- 00:20:51continually spend money on their squad
- 00:20:53regardless of performances. And I think
- 00:20:54Manchester United is a great example of
- 00:20:56this, right? Because if we look at the
- 00:20:57amount they've spent on their squad,
- 00:20:58that's the third most in the in the
- 00:21:00league last season. And then if we look
- 00:21:02at the wages, you see that they've got
- 00:21:03the third highest wage budget in the
- 00:21:05league as well. So they are spending
- 00:21:07money as though they are a Champions
- 00:21:08League side. Um but they're not but they
- 00:21:11have Yeah. They're not a regular
- 00:21:12Champions League um appearer. I mean
- 00:21:14they're a very irregular Yeah. Yeah. On
- 00:21:17top of the fact that they generate a lot
- 00:21:18of revenue, they do operate at quite
- 00:21:20considerable losses a lot of the time,
- 00:21:22right? So, um, they don't get the full
- 00:21:24benefit that their that their revenue
- 00:21:25gives gives you. And it's worth saying
- 00:21:27as well that, you know, this was always
- 00:21:29their their strength. They were always
- 00:21:30the biggest revenue producer in in in
- 00:21:32English football. They've actually
- 00:21:34seeded that position to Manchester City
- 00:21:36recently. Arsenal, I think, are hot on
- 00:21:38their heels now as well, having had a a
- 00:21:40pretty successful few seasons. Liverpool
- 00:21:42will no doubt start jumping up now that
- 00:21:43they've won the Premier League again. Um
- 00:21:46and that's the issue is that eventually
- 00:21:48uh the revenue will dry up because the
- 00:21:50revenue is whilst it's based on prestige
- 00:21:53prestige is still based around this
- 00:21:54concept of performance at some in some
- 00:21:56sense. You have to perform well as a
- 00:21:59football club to be a popular football
- 00:22:00club. And you know we now relevant time
- 00:22:02period. Yeah. And and we've got
- 00:22:03generations of kids now coming through
- 00:22:05supporting teams like Manchester City.
- 00:22:07So gradually when those kids become able
- 00:22:10to spend money we're going to start
- 00:22:12seeing a shift I think away from from
- 00:22:14that as well. So the big question for
- 00:22:15Manchester United is how do they start
- 00:22:17getting they're in the same situation as
- 00:22:18Villa and Newcastle, right? In that
- 00:22:20actually if you look at the the squad
- 00:22:22that they have, which is purportedly a
- 00:22:24Champions League level squad, I think a
- 00:22:26lot of people would think that that's
- 00:22:28around maybe worse than Villa and
- 00:22:30Newcastle squads. I mean, I think that's
- 00:22:31a easy argument to make. So the issue
- 00:22:34that they're in now is that they need to
- 00:22:35have the cash flow to be able to improve
- 00:22:37their squad in the same way that Villa
- 00:22:39and Newcastle do. and the way that they
- 00:22:41they you know they're not able to
- 00:22:43benefit from their revenue from doing
- 00:22:44that. So it feels like they got to get
- 00:22:46back into winning games again. So it
- 00:22:48does feel very much to me that the
- 00:22:49Manchester United solution has always
- 00:22:51been well we just need to bring in a
- 00:22:52manager who fixes us. If the manager can
- 00:22:54do that then we'll be you know a
- 00:22:55Champions League team again and
- 00:22:57competing at the highest level then
- 00:22:58we'll start bringing in that revenue in
- 00:23:00order to enable us to sort of justify
- 00:23:02the means within which we're living. But
- 00:23:04they've just not managed to do that. And
- 00:23:05I think I do think we're in a real point
- 00:23:07in time now where it's becoming a
- 00:23:09question like how do Manchester United
- 00:23:10get their squad to such a level that it
- 00:23:12matches the the sort of expenditure that
- 00:23:14they're that they're making. A big part
- 00:23:16of that is to do with player sales,
- 00:23:18right? We've talked about how you can
- 00:23:19raise the value of your squad by by
- 00:23:20selling your better players. The issue
- 00:23:22with Manchester United, as we've just
- 00:23:24said, is they have a Champions League
- 00:23:26value squad, but they're not performing
- 00:23:28as a Champions League squad, which means
- 00:23:30they're devaluing their players. And
- 00:23:31this has been a age-old problem for
- 00:23:33them. So if we look at the profit made
- 00:23:35on players over the last 10 years,
- 00:23:37Manchester United is 17th amongst
- 00:23:39English clubs. This is the issue, right?
- 00:23:41You're devaluing your squad and then you
- 00:23:43don't have the ability to then
- 00:23:44regenerate that that squad into into
- 00:23:46better players. So yeah, I think for
- 00:23:48Manchester United really this despite
- 00:23:50the fact that Jim Rackliffe is trying to
- 00:23:51make cost cutting changes, they're just
- 00:23:53going to make a small dent in the amount
- 00:23:55of debts that they have, the interest
- 00:23:56payments they have to make. So the
- 00:23:58reality is is that the only way this is
- 00:24:00going to happen for them is is by making
- 00:24:02those performance changes. And as we
- 00:24:03said, it takes time. You got to get
- 00:24:05things right. It you have to sell often
- 00:24:07sell your best players. Last summer, we
- 00:24:08were talking about selling Garnacho um
- 00:24:10who'd been the probably the the best
- 00:24:12player from the the season before. Um
- 00:24:14it's going to be really tough for them
- 00:24:15to get back to the the level that their
- 00:24:17the expenditure suggests they should be
- 00:24:18at. Well, what about Spurs then? Because
- 00:24:20they're they're sort of struggling in a
- 00:24:22different way. Yeah, definitely. What
- 00:24:23Spurs have done super well, I would say,
- 00:24:25is they've managed to get to the top
- 00:24:27level through performances and then make
- 00:24:28financial decisions that have meant they
- 00:24:30can they can bump their revenue right up
- 00:24:32so that they can absorb a few uh seasons
- 00:24:35of of bad poor performances. The issue
- 00:24:37is is that they're having increasingly
- 00:24:39um poor performances in seasons. So I've
- 00:24:41got again here this is a viz which just
- 00:24:43shows you um Spurs performance against
- 00:24:45their wage budget. So when you see the
- 00:24:47green numbers it means that they've
- 00:24:48finished higher than their wage budget
- 00:24:50suggests that they should. If you look
- 00:24:51at the Pochettino era, they were
- 00:24:53consistently doing that. That afforded
- 00:24:54them the ability to make those smart
- 00:24:56financial decisions. But what we start
- 00:24:58seeing creeping in once Pochettino
- 00:25:00leaves is Spurs finishing below the
- 00:25:02level that you would expect with their
- 00:25:03wage budget. And I guess the big
- 00:25:05question is going to be how do they come
- 00:25:08out of this period and again it's going
- 00:25:09to be performances. They need to find a
- 00:25:10manager who's going to take the the
- 00:25:13squad that they have and make it
- 00:25:15competitive. They've had the lowest wage
- 00:25:17budget to turnover ratio of of most the
- 00:25:19big clubs in Europe, but the managers
- 00:25:21they've had have been able to get more
- 00:25:23out of the players than you might
- 00:25:24expect. And that means that they've been
- 00:25:26able to hold their value. They've got to
- 00:25:27do the same thing again. I think they've
- 00:25:29got to they've got to bring in a manager
- 00:25:30who can get those good performances
- 00:25:31because the beauty of what they do is
- 00:25:33they're not having to sell their players
- 00:25:35every season. They've performed well
- 00:25:37enough to create huge amounts of value
- 00:25:39in players. So Biz here shows Gareth
- 00:25:41Bale. They sold him in 1314. um that
- 00:25:44then gave them the money to be able to
- 00:25:46not sell players for a few seasons. They
- 00:25:48did the same with KL Walker and then
- 00:25:49they didn't sell players for a few
- 00:25:50seasons. So, what they're really good at
- 00:25:52doing is using their performances to
- 00:25:54prevent themselves just becoming a
- 00:25:56selling club and getting into those into
- 00:25:57those cycles where you you end up just
- 00:25:59losing your best players all the time.
- 00:26:01Um but yeah, the big the big question
- 00:26:02now is is whether or not they can get
- 00:26:04back to that kind of level. They're
- 00:26:06buying a lot more younger players now,
- 00:26:07which suggests that maybe they are
- 00:26:09entering the the selling player era. Um,
- 00:26:12but yeah, they've got to get a manager
- 00:26:13who gets more out of those players.
- 00:26:14That's the the long and short of it, I
- 00:26:16suppose. And yet, despite the position
- 00:26:17that they're in, they are still
- 00:26:19unequivocally a big team, aren't they? I
- 00:26:21mean, JJ, to the question that we asked
- 00:26:23at the beginning of the episode, is the
- 00:26:26era of the big six over? I think there
- 00:26:28are two different ways of answering
- 00:26:29this, aren't there? Because on on the
- 00:26:30evidence, on the one hand, as we've
- 00:26:32heard from everything you've said and
- 00:26:33everything John said, the big six teams
- 00:26:36are still the big six teams. The real
- 00:26:38question becomes, is the era we're
- 00:26:40moving into still to be defined by fans
- 00:26:43as the era of the big six like it was
- 00:26:45the era of the top four? Do what do you
- 00:26:47think the next era will be known as?
- 00:26:50Well, I think it depends on how many
- 00:26:51Champions League spaces there are
- 00:26:52because that'll be what the top five is
- 00:26:54referred to and then because there's one
- 00:26:55extra, you make that the six really. I
- 00:26:57think we look at the Premier League
- 00:26:58wages again, we see that there are like
- 00:27:00Man United are well out of it, so we can
- 00:27:01discount them. Chelsea have dropped off
- 00:27:03a little bit this season. I don't think
- 00:27:04they're going to be out of it
- 00:27:05completely. a couple of clever signings,
- 00:27:06they could be in it next season. What
- 00:27:08you're probably going to get is Arsenal,
- 00:27:10Liverpool, and Man City are the ones
- 00:27:11competing for the title with Chelsea, I
- 00:27:13think, for a little while now. It'll be
- 00:27:14a top four. Everyone else below that is
- 00:27:16kind of bunched up, but there's about
- 00:27:18seven or eight teams that are all
- 00:27:19bunched in the same amount of revenue
- 00:27:21who with a couple of smart signings
- 00:27:22could be there. I don't think anyone
- 00:27:24will dominate like Man City have
- 00:27:26probably ever again. I think it'll be a
- 00:27:28lot of swaps, not only for the top three
- 00:27:30positions, but the top seven or eight.
- 00:27:32It'll just randomly change. I mean,
- 00:27:33John, to to you then, uh, maybe the the
- 00:27:36notion here of a top three, top four.
- 00:27:38What does that mean for the bigs? If
- 00:27:40we've sorted the tops, then what about
- 00:27:42the bigs? Is it still a big six or could
- 00:27:44it be a big eight? Yeah, I think we're
- 00:27:46definitely entering an era where clubs
- 00:27:48are going to break into that big six.
- 00:27:50Um, from a financial point of view, I
- 00:27:52think it all boils down, as we've said,
- 00:27:54to performance. So, I think it when
- 00:27:56we're talking about um teams like Villa
- 00:27:58and Newcastle, I think it's if they can
- 00:28:01continue to actually consolidate their
- 00:28:03place in Champions League spots over the
- 00:28:05next few seasons, maybe it will take
- 00:28:07them a little bit of back and forth,
- 00:28:08finishing in one season and out the
- 00:28:10next. But I think um there will come a
- 00:28:12point at which their squads are able to
- 00:28:14compete um both on the league front, but
- 00:28:16also the the Champions League front. And
- 00:28:18once they get to that point,
- 00:28:20effectively, they'll be able to just
- 00:28:21drive their revenue up. uh and once
- 00:28:24their revenue is up that will be just
- 00:28:26form a buffer for them so they can have
- 00:28:28maybe a few seasons where they don't
- 00:28:29perform as well but still spend the same
- 00:28:31amount of money on their squad. So yeah,
- 00:28:33I think we're in the era of probably I'd
- 00:28:35say the top top three I think those are
- 00:28:37the teams that are going to challenge
- 00:28:38for titles but I think we're entering an
- 00:28:40era of maybe a big eight or so. Um but I
- 00:28:43guess the big question is at the end at
- 00:28:45some point all of the Premier League
- 00:28:46teams are just going to slowly be
- 00:28:48consumed in this in this big group. So
- 00:28:50then the question becomes where do we
- 00:28:52start determining the differences
- 00:28:53between that or does do we just simply
- 00:28:55mean that the Premier League has arrived
- 00:28:56as a super league at that at that
- 00:28:57instance. I think you'll find actually
- 00:28:58that's the top question. If you like
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