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Hi, I'm Rebecca.
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In this class, you will learn the easiest
way to talk about the future in English, and
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that is by using the word "will".
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When we use the word "will", we are, in fact,
using the future simple tense.
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This class is part of a series created by
www.engvid.com to help you master all of the
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English verb tenses step by step so that you
can communicate more fluently in English.
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So, when we talk about the future, what do
we mean?
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We're talking about anything that happens
after now.
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For example, it could be something that happens
five minutes now from now or 50 years from
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now.
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All of that is the future.
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And in English, we have many tenses and ways
to talk about the future.
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Some of them are basic, and some of them are
more advanced.
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So, let's start by looking at some basic ways
to talk about the future in English.
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Alright.
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So, three basic ways are by using the phrase
"going to", by using the present continuous
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for the future, or by using "will", which
is what our class today is going to be focusing
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on.
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So, how can we think about this?
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Let's look up here first.
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If you're talking about some formal situation,
something more official and formal in business,
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in academics, or even in a social situation
with someone you don't know very well, for
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example, if it's formal, it's very easy.
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Then, all you do is you use "will" to talk
about the future, okay?
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That's it.
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Now, what if the situation is a little more
informal?
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Either when you're speaking if when you're
writing, same thing here.
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In speaking and writing, if it's formal, we're
going to use "will", but if it's an informal
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situation, maybe it's more casual, it's more
friendly, it's with people that you know,
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then you have to consider two points: is the
thing you're talking about, the action, is
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it something that is planned in advance?
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Or is it something unplanned and happening
at the moment of speaking?
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Let me explain.
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So, if it's planned, then we would use this
phrase "going to", or we would use present
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continuous.
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For example, we might say "I'm going to meet
John tomorrow.", because you have a plan to
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do that.
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You may have an appointment to do that.
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Or you could say "I'm meeting John tomorrow.".
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Same thing, okay?
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Same thing.
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It's planned in advance, but if it's unplanned,
that means what?
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What do we mean by unplanned?
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It just came up.
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Let's suppose you're at a meeting and someone
says "Hey, could you meet John tomorrow?",
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and you say "Okay, I'll meet John tomorrow.".
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So, you just decided at the moment of speaking,
and it's an informal situation because you
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know John.
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So then, we can use "will" and of course,
as we already said, if it's a formal situation,
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then we use "will".
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Planned, unplanned, doesn't matter, it's a
formal situation, then we would say something
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like "I will meet Mr. Williams tomorrow.",
okay?
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So, this is your basic overview and, of course,
we'll be looking at all of this in more detail
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so you really understand it very well and
can use it correctly yourself.
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Now, let's look at when we can use the future
simple tense in real life.
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As you know, we can use it in formal situations.
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For example: The ceremony will begin at 8:00.
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Okay, it's an official ceremony, maybe it's
an awards ceremony, a graduation ceremony,
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so it's something formal and official, so
we can use it in that context, right?
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The ceremony will begin, there's our future.
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We can use it in planned events.
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For example, you call to make an appointment
and the receptionist says "Okay, the doctor
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will see you at 3:00.", so this is something
that's planned.
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It's an appointment, right?
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The doctor will see, alright?
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Good.
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We can also use it very often to talk about
business.
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For example: ABC Company will open a new factory,
alright?
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Here we have "will open", so this is like
an official announcement.
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It's a little more formal, right?
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So, we see that, we see "will" being used
in its full form.
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Next, we can also use it when predicting something
about the future.
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For example: Experts say food prices will
rise.
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We see here, "will rise".
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Okay?
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They're making a prediction about what might
happen in the future.
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We can also use it, as we saw, for informal
situation.
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For example: I'll call you later.
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Now we see that when it's informal we're using
that contraction, we'll look at that more
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in a short while, but you can notice it here:
I'll call you later.
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Same thing in formal, right?
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You can also use it for something that's not
planned in advance informally.
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For example: Hey, I'll give you a ride to
the subway.
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Let's suppose you and your colleague are just
stepping out of the office and suddenly it
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starts pouring rain or there's a big snowstorm
and you have a car and your colleague doesn't,
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so you say "Hey, I'll give", okay?
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Next, you can use it for ordering food.
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For example, when you order foo din a restaurant,
you don't always decide in advance what you're
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going to order, you look at the menu, you
see what you feel like, and then you order
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something.
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So, you're kind of making that decision on
the spot.
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So, you might say something like "I'll have
a small cheese pizza."
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I'll have, okay?
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So, we can use it, as I said, to talk about
like, the immediate future, right away, because
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you're ordering right now.
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You can also use it when you're promising
something about the future.
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For example: I'll return your book tomorrow.
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Okay?
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I'll return.
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Next, you can use it when you're offering
something.
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For example: I'll help you finish the report.
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I see that you've got a lot of work left.
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Hey, I'll help you finish the report, okay?
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I'll help.
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Next, we can also use it lots of times to
talk about possibility.
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We're not sure, but it's possible that something
will happen or that we will do something.
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For example: Maybe I'll take a break and watch
a movie tonight.
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Maybe somebody's been studying very hard or
working very hard and they just want to relax,
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and they say you know what?
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Maybe I'll take a break.
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So, this "maybe" is possibility.
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Uncertainty about the future, so then also
we can use the future simple tense.
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Now, let's look at how we form the future
simple tense and I really think you're going
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to love this part because it's so easy.
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Let's see how it's done.
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So, I've divided the board into three for
positive sentences, negative sentences, and
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for questions.
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So, the basic structure that you're going
to follow for a positive sentence is that
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you take the subject, which is I, You, We,
They, He, She, It, etc., + will + the verb
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in its base form.
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That's the interesting part.
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You don't have to change the verb at all.
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In many languages, in the future tense, you
have to change the entire verb, sometimes
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for every different subject, but in English,
no, you don't.
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This is one of those times when English is
actually easier than many other languages.
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So, let's see how to do it.
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So, in a positive sentence, we would say "I
will work.", alright?
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This is our base form of the verb and all
we're doing is we're taking the subject, we're
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using "will" before it, and the verb doesn't
change.
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You say it after me: I will work.
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You will work.
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We will work.
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They will work.
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He will work.
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She will work.
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And, it will work.
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Okay?
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That's basically it.
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Now, what happens when we make it negative?
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It's very simple.
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We're just adding the word "not", okay?
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I will not work.
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He will not work.
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They will not work tomorrow.
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Okay?
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Like that.
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Very simple.
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Then, to make a question, we have to change
the order.
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So, we say "Will I work tomorrow?"
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I don't know.
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Will you work?
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Will we work?
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Will they work?
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Will he work?
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Will she work?
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Will it work tomorrow?
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Okay?
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So, that's the question.
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You're just changing the order, but there
are not - there are no other special changes.
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That's basically it, it's really as straightforward
and simple as you could wish.
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Now, here are some other points to keep in
mind when we're using this tense.
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Very often, we can use some expressions before
this.
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You don't have to, but you can.
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For example, you could say "I think they will
work tomorrow.", or I believe he'll work tomorrow.
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I suppose she'll work tomorrow, or I imagine
we will work tomorrow.
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I don't know, I don't think it's a holiday.
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I imagine that we will work tomorrow, like
that, okay?
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Or you could also make it negative.
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For example: I don't think they will work
tomorrow because it's a holiday.
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Okay?
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So, you can do that.
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I don't think, I don't believe, and so on.
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But again, do you have to use this?
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No, you don't have to.
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You can just use these and that's fine.
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Now, one other point, instead of "will not
work", you're going to see that we can also
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use some contractions.
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We'll learn more about that soon, but a very
common and necessary contraction for "will
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not" is "won't".
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So instead of saying "I will not work.", especially
if it's informal, right?
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Then we'll just say, "I won't work.", alright?
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He won't work tomorrow.
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She won't work.
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We'll look at that again very soon.
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And, before questions, sometimes we add question
words.
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For example, we could say: Where will they
work?
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When will they work?
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How long will they work?
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Right?
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So, if you do that, then just put that word
here, like "Where will he work?", okay?
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That's it, alright?
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Now, one other question that I get very often
when we start learning "will" is "What about
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shall?
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I've heard that we can say 'shall' sometimes
instead of 'will'."
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Well, it's like this: usually in sentences,
okay, positive or negative, we don't - in
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North America, we don't really use "shall"
in the sentence instead of "will".
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We do not usually say "I shall go there.",
because it sounds very formal and very official
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and very - a little bit old fashioned.
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A little bit like Shakespeare, which is wonderful,
but it's not really used, so I would not encourage
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you to use it in sentences or in negative
sentences.
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What we do sometimes, though, is we use it
to create kind of a polite question.
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So, we could say, for example, only with "I"
or "we", you could ask somebody "Shall I order?"
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Shall I order dinner?
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It's just like a polite way of asking about
something in the future or "Shall I bring
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some dessert when I come to your house?" or
"Shall we dance?" or "Shall we begin?", like
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"Shall we begin the lesson?"
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That's fine.
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We do use it in questions like this, very
polite questions, but really not anywhere
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else.
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And that's basically how it works.
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Remember that you can also do the same thing
with irregular verbs, okay?
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It doesn't matter, because the verb isn't
going to change, right?
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So, you could say "I will go", like "go" is
an irregular verb, but you don't need to change
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it at all, just keep the base form of the
verb.
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I will go, I won't go, Will they go?
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Same thing, alright?
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And that's how you form this tense.
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Now, let's look at when and how to use contractions
with the future simple tense.
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So, first of all, when do we not use them?
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We do not use contractions or shortened forms
when we're speaking or writing formally.
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For example, here, these are formal examples.
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Dr. Johnson will speak at the conference.
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It's a positive sentence, it's a formal sentence,
so we do not and should not shorten it or
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contract it.
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And this example: The manager will not complete
the reports.
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Also formal, more official, it's negative
but it doesn't matter because it's formal.
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So, when it's formal or academic or needs
to be very businesslike, then do not use contractions.
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So, when can we use contractions?
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When we're speaking or writing informally.
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So, how do we do it?
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So, instead of saying "I will be on time.",
we join together the words "I will" and it
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becomes "I'll".
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Say it after me: I'll be on time.
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You'll be on time.
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We'll be on time.
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They'll be time.
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He'll be on time.
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She'll be on time, and It'll be on time.
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It will, okay?
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It will be on time.
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So, all of these are contractions for the
subject + will.
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Shortened and contracted.
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Now, we can do the same thing with the negative
form.
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Instead of saying "I will not", we can say
what?
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I won't.
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Say it after me: I won't.
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I won't be on time.
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Oh, sorry, I won't be late.
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I will be on time, but I won't be late.
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You won't be late.
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We won't be late.
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They won't be late.
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He won't be late.
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She won't be late, and It won't be late.
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It's important that you pronounce this word
correctly.
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Don't say it like the verb "want", it's not
"want", it's "won't".
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Say it again: won't.
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I won't.
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He won't.
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Alright?
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So, make sure you're pronouncing it correctly
in terms of the "o" and also make sure you're
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saying the "tuh" sound, the "t" sound at the
end.
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And, of course, you could use these with all
kinds of verbs.
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Here, we used the verb "be".
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I won't be, I will be, but we could say "I'll
call you later.", "I'll talk to you later.",
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"I'll see you later."
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These are very common words and expressions
that we use every day using contractions.
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Now, let's look at how to give short answers
in the future simple tense.
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So, when do we give short answers?
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When someone asks a question, we don't have
to repeat everything they said, we just answer
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in short, like this.
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So, if someone says, "Will he be in Madrid
tomorrow?", you could say "Yes, he will.",
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or, if it's formal, "No, he will not.", or
informally, "No, he won't.", alright?
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So, it's really easy to know how to give this
short answer.
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If it's positive, we just take it from the
question itself.
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Yes, he will.
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And if it's negative, you're still going to
use the negative contraction: No, he won't,
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or No, he will not, only if it's formal, okay?
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Let's look at another example: Will the flight
arrive on time?
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So, you could say what?
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"Yes, it will", or "No, it won't".
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Now, what's important to notice here is that
when it's positive, we cannot use any contraction.
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And the same here, in any example, whenever
it's a positive answer, then no contraction.
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If it's a negative answer, yes, you can contract
it.
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You can shorten it.
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Okay?
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Let's look at the last example: Will you invite
a lot of people to your party?
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So, you could say "Yes, I will", or "No, I
won't."
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Again, no contraction is possible for the
positive answer.
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And look, for most of these, you can also
take the subject from the question itself,
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right?
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Will he be?
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Yes, he will.
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Will the flight arrive?
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Yes, it will.
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The only time you need to change the subject
is if they ask about you, because you can't
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say "Yes, you".
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They're asking about you, so they say, "Will
you invite a lot of people?" and you say "Yes,
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I will" or "No, I won't".
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Now, let's practice what you've learned.
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We'll make some positive sentences, some negative
ones, and then some questions.
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Okay?
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Let's get started.
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Number one: I _____________ (give) you the
recipe.
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So, how would we express that in the future
simple tense?
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I - what do we put?
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Will give you the recipe, okay?
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I told you, it's really simple.
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We don't have to change the verb, we're just
basically adding what?
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Will.
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So, number two: Don't worry, you ___________
(pass) the exam.
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What will it be?
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Don't worry, you will pass the exam.
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Okay?
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That's it, that's all.
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Number three: The bank ___________ (close)
at 5:00.
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The bank will close at 5:00.
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Alright?
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Great.
00:22:26
So, that was positive, okay?
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We were making positive sentences.
00:22:30
Now, let's take these verbs and let's make
this entire sentence negative.
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The store __________ (deliver) on Sunday.
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And let's use a contraction.
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The store - what do we say?
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Won't deliver on Sunday.
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We could have also said "The store will not
deliver on Sunday.", but basically, the verb
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stays the same.
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Next, number five: He ____________ (be) home
until 11:00.
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What would it be?
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He - let's use the contraction again - he
won't be home until 11:00.
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Alright?
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Good.
00:23:30
We could also say what?
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He will not be home until 11:00.
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Alright, number six: I _________ (have) time
tomorrow.
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Make it negative.
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I - use the contraction - I won't have time
tomorrow.
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Or, I will not have time tomorrow.
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Okay, wonderful.
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You're doing great.
00:24:01
Now, let's make some questions.
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________ they ________ (make) an announcement?
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Remember with the questions, we have to change
the order.
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So, which word do we use first?
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We say what?
00:24:19
Will they make an announcement?
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Will they make, not they will make, but will
they make, alright?
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That's how we form the question.
00:24:36
Number eight: _______ she _______ (get) the
job?
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How do we make the question?
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Will she get the job?
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Alright?
00:24:54
Excellent.
00:24:55
And the last one is actually the title of
a famous song.
00:25:01
Let's see if you can figure it out.
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_______ you still _____ (love) me tomorrow?
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So, what will it be?
00:25:13
Will you still love me tomorrow?
00:25:20
Alright?
00:25:21
So, there you go.
00:25:23
You've practiced positive sentences, negative
sentences, and questions.
00:25:28
Great work.
00:25:29
Now, let's look at some common mistakes to
be careful of when using the future simple
00:25:33
tense.
00:25:34
So, the first one is with the word "will"
itself.
00:25:40
Let's read the sentence and you can help me
correct it.
00:25:43
This person wanted to talk about the future,
but they wrote "They meet you at the hotel.".
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So, what's wrong there?
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The "will" was missing.
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Where does it belong?
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They will meet you at the hotel.
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Okay?
00:26:07
So, don't forget to write "will", alright?
00:26:11
That's the first point.
00:26:13
Second, sometimes mistakes are made in the
contraction.
00:26:17
Let's look at this one: Well be home soon.
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Right now, if I were just to read it, it would
read like that.
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Well be home soon.
00:26:31
But it should be - because this person wanted
to say, "We will be home soon", but they wanted
00:26:38
to use the contraction, so what's wrong there?
00:26:41
Right now, it doesn't look like a contraction,
so we need to add the apostrophe: We'll be
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home soon.
00:26:50
So, make sure you spell it correctly, the
contraction, and also pronounce it correctly.
00:26:57
We'll be home soon, okay?
00:27:00
Very nice.
00:27:01
The next one is, again, a spelling mistake.
00:27:04
It's possible, okay?
00:27:06
So, this student wrote "The kids want to go
to sleep.", but that's not what the person
00:27:16
was trying to say.
00:27:17
They wanted to say, "The kids will not go
to sleep" and they want to use the contraction,
00:27:24
but they didn't use the right word.
00:27:27
The word is not "want", it should be what?
00:27:36
Won't.
00:27:38
So, if you're using the contraction, make
sure you don't say "want", say "won't", and
00:27:46
then make sure it's spelled correctly as well.
00:27:49
Alright.
00:27:50
Now, here's another point.
00:27:52
We didn't cover this point before, but it's
really important and you'll get it.
00:27:56
It's not hard to understand.
00:27:58
It's also a common mistake because in many
languages, it is possible to write like this,
00:28:04
but in English, it's not possible to do this.
00:28:08
So here, we're talking about conditional sentences.
00:28:12
Type one conditional sentences, okay, if you're
looking it up in a grammar book, you can check
00:28:18
some more.
00:28:19
So, what happens in these kind of sentences,
we're talking about real possible situations
00:28:26
in the future, alright?
00:28:30
And the sentence often has two parts.
00:28:33
Let's read it first with the mistake: If I
will visit Greece, I will call you.
00:28:42
Now, in many languages, both parts of these
sentences, both clauses, can be in the future
00:28:50
tense.
00:28:51
The "if" clause + the main clause.
00:28:55
But in English, no.
00:28:59
I'm sorry, we can't do that.
00:29:01
So, in the "if" clause, the "if" part of the
sentence, we cannot use "will".
00:29:09
We have to use just present simple.
00:29:12
So, the correct version of this sentence would
be "If I visit Greece, I will call you.",
00:29:21
okay?
00:29:22
Now, what am I saying?
00:29:24
I'm saying you have to change the "if" part
of the sentence, not the first part of the
00:29:30
sentence or the second part of the sentence,
just wherever the "if" clause is.
00:29:36
For example, if I switch the sentence around,
I could say "I will call you if I will visit
00:29:45
Greece."
00:29:46
That's also wrong.
00:29:48
This time, the sentence started with the main
clause "I will call you", that's fine, but
00:29:54
in the "if" clause, the "if" part of the sentence,
again, we cannot use that "will".
00:30:01
We cannot use future in the "if" part of the
sentence or the conditional part of the sentence,
00:30:07
alright?
00:30:08
So, remember that because it's quite possible
that, in your language, it is completely correct
00:30:14
to do it the way it was on the board, but
in English, it's not.
00:30:18
Now, what's also important to remember that
it's not only with the word "if", it's any
00:30:24
kind of word that creates a condition.
00:30:28
For example: when.
00:30:31
When I visit Greece, I will call you.
00:30:34
As soon as I visit Greece, I will call you.
00:30:39
All of these are conditional words.
00:30:41
Or, Before I visit Greece, I will call you.
00:30:46
Or, After I visit Greece, I will call you,
okay?
00:30:51
And again, remember the order doesn't matter,
what matters is if it is a conditional sentence,
00:30:58
alright?
00:30:59
So, these are some of the most common mistakes
and be careful of them when you are speaking
00:31:04
and writing with the future simple tense.
00:31:07
To review, you know the future simple tense
when you know when to use it and how to use
00:31:14
it, all of which you have been learning during
this class.
00:31:18
So, by now, you should be able to make what?
00:31:23
A positive sentence, a negative sentence,
a question, easily and comfortably in English.
00:31:30
Let's look at the last example.
00:31:32
Let's say someone has gone to the supermarket
and then you say, "He will return soon."
00:31:39
Our positive sentence.
00:31:40
Or, "He will not return soon.
00:31:43
He has a lot of shopping to do", or we can
contract that and say, "He won't return soon."
00:31:53
Or we can make a question: "Will he return
soon?" or "When will he return?"
00:32:01
"What time will he return?".
00:32:03
When you can form these kinds of sentences
and questions easily and comfortably, you've
00:32:09
got it, okay?
00:32:11
So, remember, if you feel comfortable with
this and you feel you've understood everything,
00:32:18
then that's fine.
00:32:19
If you need a little more practice, go back,
watch the lesson again, pay attention to any
00:32:25
parts you need to review, and try to make
some sentences about your life, about what's
00:32:31
going on around you.
00:32:33
What will you do tomorrow?
00:32:35
Okay?
00:32:36
Write about that, talk about it, use it to
describe things happening around you.
00:32:43
When you're ready, you can go on to the next
tense in this series, which is actually also
00:32:50
about the future, remember I told you we can
also use "going to" and the present continuous
00:32:57
for the future?
00:32:59
That's the next class in this series.
00:33:01
How to use the future for informal communication,
alright?
00:33:06
And, if you'd like a little more practice
on this one, the future simple with "will",
00:33:12
you can go to www.engvid.com to do a quiz
there, alright?
00:33:15
So, thanks very much for watching, and all
the best with your English.