The Pinochet File: How U.S. Politicians, Banks and Corporations Aided Chilean Coup, Dictatorship

00:39:07
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=01KhrikY07g

Ringkasan

TLDRThe episode of Democracy Now! features discussions with Joan Garcés, former advisor to Chilean president Salvador Allende, and Peter Kornbluh, an expert on U.S. intervention in Chile. The conversation centers around the coup in Chile on September 11, 1973, orchestrated by forces loyal to General Augusto Pinochet with underlying U.S. support. Pinochet's regime was marked by human rights abuses, including the disappearance and murder of political opponents. Garcés has been pivotal in accumulating evidence against Pinochet, leading to his arrest in the UK under the principle of universal jurisdiction. Riggs Bank, implicated in hiding Pinochet's assets, faced investigations leading to a return of funds to Chile. The show delves into how Chile struggles with its past, especially amidst the 40th anniversary of the coup, highlighting efforts for justice and reconciliations, such as declassified U.S. documents providing insight into America's role in supporting the dictatorial regime. The discussion also touches on wider implications of international justice, like the potential accountability of other leaders for human rights violations.

Takeaways

  • 📜 Joan Garcés was a close advisor to Salvador Allende and has actively pursued justice for the crimes committed during Pinochet's regime.
  • ⚖️ The concept of universal jurisdiction was crucial in the arrest and attempted prosecution of Augusto Pinochet in the UK.
  • 🔍 Investigations have revealed that Riggs Bank helped Pinochet hide over $26 million, which was eventually recovered.
  • 📚 Declassified documents have highlighted the depth of U.S. involvement in the Chilean coup and support for Pinochet.
  • 🕵️‍♂️ Charles Horman, an American journalist, was investigating U.S. connections to the coup and was mysteriously killed during the regime change.
  • 🎤 Peter Kornbluh discussed the role of multinationals, like ITT, in Chile's political dynamics under Allende.
  • ⚖️ The Pinochet arrest set a precedent for international legal actions against heads of state for human rights abuses.
  • 🎤 The episode emphasizes Chile’s ongoing struggle to come to terms with its history of dictatorship, with calls for truth and accountability.
  • 🇺🇸 The U.S. has shown resistance to the concept of universal jurisdiction, especially concerning its own officials.
  • 🗳️ Modern Chile is shaped by its past, as seen during elections where the legacy of Pinochet looms large.

Garis waktu

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    The video opens with a discussion among guests, including Sergeant Garus and author Peter Corn, about the events surrounding the 1973 Chilean coup. It highlights the role of Salvador Allende, who was surrounded in the palace during the bombing by Pinochet's forces and ultimately took his own life. Garus, who was Allende's advisor, discusses his journey from those fateful days to holding Pinochet accountable. Peter Corn elaborates on the dangerous discoveries made by journalist Charlie Horman in the coup's lead-up, and the attempts to have Pinochet extradited for war crimes.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    The discussion shifts to the involvement of corporations, particularly IT&T, in Chile's political turmoil. The book by Jean Garus is mentioned, exposing IT&T's meetings with the CIA to support Allende's opponents financially. IT&T's influence stretches to American policies and interests in Chile. The shift in Allende's approach towards the United States and IT&T's manipulations are emphasized, culminating in Allende's decision to expropriate IT&T's holdings following their subversion attempts.

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    Attention is drawn to the post-coup period, focusing on financial accountability for Pinochet's regime. Garus discusses efforts to trace and recover Pinochet's hidden wealth, purportedly to be the people's money of Chile. The narrative highlights Riggs Bank's complicity in hiding these assets and the eventual recovery of millions for victims and the Chilean people through international cooperation in legal proceedings post-911 investigations.

  • 00:15:00 - 00:20:00

    The intricate process of identifying and compensating the victims of Pinochet's regime is outlined, showing collaboration between different commissions and international courts. The discussion returns to Pinochet's arrest in England, emphasizing the role of European jurisdiction principles. This marked a turning point in international justice, setting a precedent for holding leaders accountable globally, facilitating a broader human rights movement.

  • 00:20:00 - 00:25:00

    Segment discusses the influence of the US foreign policy and the judicial efforts against high-profile officials like Henry Kissinger, relating it to the precedent set by Pinochet's trial. Efforts to prosecute US officials for their complicity in international crimes are highlighted, juxtaposing past and present political dynamics. The narrative underscores the importance of international collaboration for justice, urging accountability even for powerful nations.

  • 00:25:00 - 00:30:00

    As the conversation touches on the ongoing issues in Syria, the legacies of past interventions are considered, criticizing the misuse of power beyond UN mandates and highlighting the enduring global impact. They discuss the importance of working within international law systems and note how historical missteps have hindered diplomatic options, using recent Middle Eastern conflicts as examples.

  • 00:30:00 - 00:39:07

    The video concludes by examining current Chilean politics, noting the significant change in political discourse regarding the dictatorship's legacy. The upcoming Chilean elections with candidates linked to historically opposing military backgrounds highlight a shift towards reconciliation and acknowledgment of past injustices. The change in public sentiment and awareness due to past defendants’ exposure is seen as progressively steering Chile towards genuine democratic values.

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Peta Pikiran

Mind Map

Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan

  • Who was Salvador Allende?

    Salvador Allende was a socialist president of Chile, who died during a military coup in 1973.

  • What is the significance of September 11, 1973, in Chilean history?

    It marks the date of the military coup that overthrew Salvador Allende's government.

  • What role did Joan Garcés play in Pinochet's arrest?

    Joan Garcés worked to gather evidence and apply international laws that led to Pinochet's arrest in the UK.

  • What was Charles Horman investigating in Chile?

    Charles Horman was investigating the U.S. involvement in the assassination of Chilean military officials and the subsequent coup.

  • How did the U.S. government respond to Pinochet's arrest?

    The U.S. government declassified thousands of documents revealing its role in supporting Pinochet's dictatorship.

  • What was the Pino precedent?

    The Pino precedent refers to the legal actions and principles established during the arrest and trial of Pinochet, which inspired similar human rights proceedings globally.

  • What impact did Riggs Bank have on Pinochet's finances?

    Riggs Bank helped Pinochet hide millions of dollars in secret accounts, which were later uncovered and returned to Chile.

  • What does universal jurisdiction entail in international law?

    Universal jurisdiction allows countries to prosecute individuals for serious crimes like genocide and torture, regardless of where the crimes were committed.

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Gulir Otomatis:
  • 00:00:01
    this is democracy Now democracynow.org
  • 00:00:03
    The War and Peace report I'm Amy Goodman
  • 00:00:06
    with Aaron matate Our Guest sergean
  • 00:00:08
    garus who also has written a book simply
  • 00:00:11
    called aende about the president who he
  • 00:00:15
    advised his closest advisor until
  • 00:00:18
    September 11th 40 years ago
  • 00:00:20
    1973 when the palace was being bombed by
  • 00:00:23
    the penese forces and Salvador yende
  • 00:00:26
    took his own life he was surrounded by
  • 00:00:28
    his other advisers but he walked Dron
  • 00:00:30
    garus to the door and said Tell The
  • 00:00:32
    World Dron garus went on as a Spanish
  • 00:00:35
    lawyer to work to hold pinese
  • 00:00:38
    responsible and ultimately through Bazar
  • 00:00:41
    garon the Spanish judge had
  • 00:00:45
    him had him call for Augusta Pen's
  • 00:00:49
    extradition to Spain to be tried Augusta
  • 00:00:52
    penese was in London and Augusta penese
  • 00:00:54
    was held for about a year there before
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    ultimately he was allowed to return home
  • 00:00:59
    to Chile we're also joined by Peter corn
  • 00:01:02
    author of the pishe file Declassified
  • 00:01:04
    doity dossier on atrocity and
  • 00:01:07
    accountability I was just speaking about
  • 00:01:09
    Joyce Horman um the Widow of uh the
  • 00:01:12
    freelance journalist Charlie Horman
  • 00:01:14
    Peter corl tell us what Charlie
  • 00:01:16
    discovered in those days leading up to
  • 00:01:18
    the coup why he was so dangerous and
  • 00:01:21
    what you learned um uh in CL
  • 00:01:24
    declassification of documents of uh
  • 00:01:28
    Kissinger well Charles Horn and and his
  • 00:01:30
    wife Joyce were uh part of a large group
  • 00:01:33
    of of Americans who went to Chile during
  • 00:01:36
    the aende years Chile was a as as Jean
  • 00:01:39
    gar will tell us was a dynamic exciting
  • 00:01:42
    place the whole world was watching what
  • 00:01:44
    was happening there it was something new
  • 00:01:46
    and vibrant um and uh what was it what
  • 00:01:49
    was happening I
  • 00:01:51
    mean famous via Pacifica of of towards
  • 00:01:54
    towards social change um not armed
  • 00:01:57
    Revolution uh to bring uh fundamental
  • 00:02:00
    change to a third world country but
  • 00:02:02
    Democratic Revolution um in which uh the
  • 00:02:06
    people would vote uh in institutions
  • 00:02:08
    would gradually be changed to spread the
  • 00:02:10
    wealth equally to nationalize uh
  • 00:02:13
    resources uh uh so that the US copper
  • 00:02:16
    companies and corporations like it&
  • 00:02:19
    didn't suck the uh money right out of
  • 00:02:21
    the country um this was an exciting um
  • 00:02:25
    new model of change for Latin America
  • 00:02:28
    and the world that's what made it so
  • 00:02:30
    dangerous uh for the Nixon and kingers
  • 00:02:33
    of of of the world um so Charlie and and
  • 00:02:38
    and his wife Joyce were there Charles
  • 00:02:40
    Horman was actually uh as part of his
  • 00:02:42
    journalistic approach he was actually
  • 00:02:44
    investigating the the murder of the
  • 00:02:46
    Chilean commander-in-chief General Renee
  • 00:02:48
    Schneider that took place in October of
  • 00:02:51
    1970 and was part of a CIA operation to
  • 00:02:54
    foment a coup to create a coup climate
  • 00:02:57
    in Chile that might stop aen from
  • 00:02:59
    actually being inaugurated the first
  • 00:03:01
    week of November um this was an atrocity
  • 00:03:05
    bald assassination of the commander
  • 00:03:07
    chief of the Chilean Armed Forces right
  • 00:03:09
    in broad daylight on the streets um
  • 00:03:11
    there was a trial that had taken place
  • 00:03:13
    in Chile there were documents that
  • 00:03:15
    really did um focus on on on the
  • 00:03:18
    contacts with the United States and the
  • 00:03:19
    coup plotters uh in my book The Pino
  • 00:03:21
    file I have one still secret CIA
  • 00:03:23
    document um which reveals that the
  • 00:03:26
    agency paid the people that killed Rene
  • 00:03:28
    Schneider 35 ,000 to close their mouths
  • 00:03:31
    about the US role and to help them
  • 00:03:33
    escape from Chile uh to get beyond the
  • 00:03:36
    the grasp of justice but some people
  • 00:03:38
    were arrested um tried Charlie Horman
  • 00:03:41
    was investigating that looking at the
  • 00:03:42
    trial file he also happened to be in
  • 00:03:44
    Velar ISO on the day of the coup and met
  • 00:03:47
    um a number of Us official wello is a
  • 00:03:50
    coastal very famous coastal town he went
  • 00:03:52
    to Vin delar he went to valo it was um
  • 00:03:56
    where the US Navy um uh uh group that
  • 00:03:59
    was uh advising the Chilean military the
  • 00:04:02
    US group the US Mill group was there he
  • 00:04:05
    met the head of the US Mill group
  • 00:04:07
    Captain Ray Davis who actually drove him
  • 00:04:09
    and a companion back to Santiago because
  • 00:04:12
    there was a curfew and so the
  • 00:04:13
    implication was is that he had talked to
  • 00:04:16
    these Americans that he might actually
  • 00:04:18
    know something about about the coup it
  • 00:04:21
    is still a the details of his death and
  • 00:04:24
    and why uh he was killed are are still
  • 00:04:27
    murky and the case is going forward and
  • 00:04:29
    actually almost 40 years later a Chilean
  • 00:04:31
    judge actually indicted Captain Ray
  • 00:04:33
    Davis the head of the US Mill group uh
  • 00:04:36
    for his death so we are hoping in the
  • 00:04:39
    months to come that we learn more about
  • 00:04:41
    the circumstances uh under which he died
  • 00:04:44
    uh Peter the role of the it Corporation
  • 00:04:47
    to this huge us firm that had a lot of
  • 00:04:49
    interest in
  • 00:04:50
    Chile it owned the telephone companies
  • 00:04:53
    in Chile they own the Sheron Hotel um
  • 00:04:55
    they were a very aggressive company uh
  • 00:04:58
    in in Latin America uh and they decided
  • 00:05:00
    they should have their own foreign
  • 00:05:01
    policy and they started uh pushing for
  • 00:05:04
    meetings with the uh with the uh the CIA
  • 00:05:07
    it helped that they had on their board
  • 00:05:09
    of directors a former CIA director John
  • 00:05:12
    mcon and he was able to gain access to
  • 00:05:16
    uh to the CIA rather easily um there was
  • 00:05:19
    more than 40 meetings between CIA
  • 00:05:21
    officials and it officials it wanted to
  • 00:05:24
    start funneling secret funds to ende's
  • 00:05:27
    opponent in the 1970 election
  • 00:05:30
    um uh one of the for for students of
  • 00:05:33
    this history the first real documents
  • 00:05:35
    that came out on us intervention Chile
  • 00:05:37
    were it internal memos that recorded
  • 00:05:39
    their meetings with the CIA and the US
  • 00:05:41
    ambassador as your um as your audience
  • 00:05:44
    heard in the tape that was that was that
  • 00:05:46
    was played on your program uh so this
  • 00:05:49
    was the first kind of real inkling of of
  • 00:05:52
    what was happening the Scandal arose Jan
  • 00:05:54
    garas can remember what happened because
  • 00:05:56
    ayende was president at the time and he
  • 00:05:58
    simply declared we were negotiating to
  • 00:06:01
    nationalize and compensate it but now
  • 00:06:03
    that we see there a completely criminal
  • 00:06:05
    Enterprise intervening with the CIA and
  • 00:06:08
    our internal State of Affairs we're
  • 00:06:09
    going to uh expropriate their their
  • 00:06:11
    Holdings in
  • 00:06:13
    Chile and how John garus was aende
  • 00:06:17
    dealing with ITT Kissinger Nixon what
  • 00:06:21
    did he understand was their role in
  • 00:06:25
    supporting penese did he what uh
  • 00:06:30
    agend wanted always a good agreement
  • 00:06:33
    with the United
  • 00:06:34
    States and uh certainly he said that he
  • 00:06:39
    he should uh go in Conformity with the
  • 00:06:43
    willingness of the Chilean people and
  • 00:06:45
    the chil Congress but looking for a way
  • 00:06:49
    to preserve the good relations with the
  • 00:06:51
    United States and in fact several months
  • 00:06:54
    before the coup a high delegation from
  • 00:06:57
    Chile came to Washington
  • 00:06:59
    to open former negotiations to try to
  • 00:07:03
    solve the differences that in terms of
  • 00:07:07
    investments in terms of economic
  • 00:07:09
    relations were present in this in this
  • 00:07:11
    period and the those of the US
  • 00:07:15
    government in in Washington were
  • 00:07:16
    practically closed no dialogue no
  • 00:07:19
    negotiation could it so uh what
  • 00:07:24
    is 40 years later what is interesting is
  • 00:07:28
    that you see this could against very
  • 00:07:31
    active Democratic
  • 00:07:32
    Society articulated by an operation
  • 00:07:36
    where one of the leg is a mass media
  • 00:07:39
    group Mercurio asking the intervention
  • 00:07:41
    of the US government through secret
  • 00:07:44
    services in relation with some
  • 00:07:46
    corporations that have private
  • 00:07:48
    investments in Chile with those three
  • 00:07:51
    leaks uh excuse me Le the the co the
  • 00:07:56
    destabilization of the society was that
  • 00:07:59
    and now with the
  • 00:08:01
    technological uh means that currently
  • 00:08:05
    are at our disposal at the disposal of
  • 00:08:08
    the government you realize that the
  • 00:08:10
    three legs are still working
  • 00:08:14
    corporations that uh link have links
  • 00:08:18
    with secret
  • 00:08:19
    services and the articulation with the
  • 00:08:23
    government the government to prepare
  • 00:08:27
    interventions in other countries invas
  • 00:08:30
    and uh that has been the case
  • 00:08:34
    particularly after the tragedy of the
  • 00:08:36
    attack to New York in 2001 but the
  • 00:08:39
    balance that we can do and many country
  • 00:08:43
    do in the United States citizens are
  • 00:08:45
    doing also is what is the cost of those
  • 00:08:48
    options to follow this path for the
  • 00:08:51
    economy of our countries and for the h
  • 00:08:54
    the health of our democratic system I
  • 00:08:57
    wanted to ask about something remarkable
  • 00:09:00
    that um you did in your efforts to bring
  • 00:09:04
    Justice to the people of Chile and to uh
  • 00:09:06
    hold pinache accountable and that was to
  • 00:09:10
    get at his money which was the people's
  • 00:09:14
    money of Chile the millions of dollars
  • 00:09:16
    he'd stashed away uh Peter first Peter
  • 00:09:19
    corn BL um sort of lay this out for an
  • 00:09:22
    American audience uh talk about the
  • 00:09:24
    story of rigs Bank well let me just say
  • 00:09:27
    it's such a pleasure to be on on the
  • 00:09:29
    show is Jean garas for what he did
  • 00:09:32
    during the ende period and what he did
  • 00:09:34
    to bring Pino to Justice and then what
  • 00:09:35
    he did to uh really trying to recover
  • 00:09:39
    the money that Pino had clearly stolen
  • 00:09:41
    and hidden
  • 00:09:42
    away uh in secret bank accounts uh the
  • 00:09:46
    CIA documents on on Pino described him
  • 00:09:49
    as hardworking and honest but it turns
  • 00:09:51
    out that he was completely corrupt as uh
  • 00:09:54
    in addition to being murderous uh and he
  • 00:09:57
    uh secretly took uh more than $26
  • 00:10:00
    million of Chilean money hit it in 120
  • 00:10:04
    bank accounts some of many of them
  • 00:10:07
    offshore accounts using false passports
  • 00:10:09
    the images of with of which are are in
  • 00:10:11
    the new edition of of the Pino file um
  • 00:10:14
    and using kind of variance of his name
  • 00:10:16
    but without the name Pino uh to try and
  • 00:10:19
    hide the fact that these were his assets
  • 00:10:21
    like he he is he used the name austo
  • 00:10:25
    Ugarte P or simply austo Ugarte or Ramon
  • 00:10:29
    ugar because his full name was austo
  • 00:10:31
    romon ugar Pino no or Pino ugar right uh
  • 00:10:36
    and and and some other false names and
  • 00:10:38
    he had some of his AIDS uh names uh and
  • 00:10:41
    he had some of his the variance of his
  • 00:10:43
    children's names on these accounts and
  • 00:10:46
    um rig's Bank uh the famous Bank of
  • 00:10:48
    Washington DC owned by Joseph Al
  • 00:10:50
    Brittain um had approached Peno uh uh
  • 00:10:54
    for years and at some one point they
  • 00:10:56
    actually held the secret the accounts of
  • 00:10:59
    the Chilean secret police Dena uh uh in
  • 00:11:02
    their uh in their Bank in Washington um
  • 00:11:06
    but uh eventually US Senate uh this was
  • 00:11:09
    the most amazing thing US Senate
  • 00:11:11
    investigation kind of looking at whether
  • 00:11:12
    Banks had tight enough regulations on
  • 00:11:15
    money laundering by terrorists after
  • 00:11:18
    911 stumbled across the fact that rigs
  • 00:11:20
    Bank was hiding all of these funds from
  • 00:11:24
    from Pino and they recover the almost
  • 00:11:26
    the entire file that how did they
  • 00:11:28
    discover
  • 00:11:29
    they were investigating Banks and
  • 00:11:32
    whether they were uh their regulations
  • 00:11:35
    were so loose that terrorists in the
  • 00:11:37
    post 911 world could launder money for
  • 00:11:40
    terrorist activities they were looking
  • 00:11:41
    for that the financial side of terrorism
  • 00:11:45
    in the post 911 world and so they were
  • 00:11:47
    looking for accounts that were
  • 00:11:49
    suspicious they started an investigation
  • 00:11:52
    and immediately they were told that in
  • 00:11:54
    rig's Bank there were a series of people
  • 00:11:56
    that knew that there was this very
  • 00:11:58
    suspicious icious account that belonged
  • 00:12:00
    to austo Pino and they asked for the
  • 00:12:03
    file on it and eventually they got the
  • 00:12:05
    entire file which was so incredible
  • 00:12:07
    because included all the correspondents
  • 00:12:09
    between Joseph Albert and the chairman
  • 00:12:11
    of the board of the of the bank and Pino
  • 00:12:13
    himself and the memorandum on the visits
  • 00:12:16
    by Bank officials to Pino and other
  • 00:12:19
    Chilean officials in Santiago including
  • 00:12:21
    going to horse clubs and equestrian
  • 00:12:23
    shows and exchanging gifts and cufflinks
  • 00:12:26
    and who is Joseph Al Britton I mean
  • 00:12:28
    Joseph Al was one of the the big uh
  • 00:12:31
    banking corporate Moguls of Washington
  • 00:12:33
    DC um he owned the the sports team I
  • 00:12:36
    forget uh whether it was the basketball
  • 00:12:38
    team of the Redskins um uh at one point
  • 00:12:41
    he owned a bunch of newspapers and radio
  • 00:12:44
    stations he owned rig's bank um but
  • 00:12:47
    fundamentally he participated in a
  • 00:12:50
    conspiracy to hide austo Pino's money uh
  • 00:12:54
    and uh he they evaded the assets the F
  • 00:12:59
    the Shuan garc managed to get Pino's
  • 00:13:01
    assets Frozen but rig's Bank violated
  • 00:13:05
    that court order to Freeze's assets by
  • 00:13:08
    secretly starting to funnel back to him
  • 00:13:11
    all of his money in in $50,000 cashier
  • 00:13:14
    checks they had a courier that would
  • 00:13:16
    bring literally bundles of these checks
  • 00:13:19
    to Pino's house in Santiago um and the
  • 00:13:22
    story returns to Joan garcas because
  • 00:13:25
    more than $8 million of this uh 20 plus
  • 00:13:28
    million St cash of money was given back
  • 00:13:30
    to Pino illegally by rigs uh and Joan
  • 00:13:33
    gar stepped in and said that money
  • 00:13:34
    belongs to the Chilean people and to the
  • 00:13:37
    victims of Pino and he recovered it Al
  • 00:13:39
    brittain's son is now runs Politico Al
  • 00:13:42
    Brittain owned started Politico um uh uh
  • 00:13:45
    created Politico um and then when he
  • 00:13:48
    passed away his son took over uh so he
  • 00:13:52
    there's still a presence of of of the
  • 00:13:54
    family yeah so you got Jan garus
  • 00:13:58
    Millions of dollars of Chile's money um
  • 00:14:02
    Frozen and then how was it distributed
  • 00:14:05
    back to the people of Chile thanks to an
  • 00:14:08
    investigation uh in the US Senate as
  • 00:14:11
    Peter was explaining by Senator Carl Lan
  • 00:14:14
    of of Michigan a terrific Senator the
  • 00:14:17
    under committee on
  • 00:14:18
    investigations and they uh accepted to
  • 00:14:22
    cooperate with the court of justice that
  • 00:14:25
    was ER persecuted pit and thanks to this
  • 00:14:30
    cooperation we between the usate and the
  • 00:14:33
    Spanish Court uh uh we reach to indict
  • 00:14:38
    the the owners of R bank that in
  • 00:14:43
    something that is without president from
  • 00:14:45
    their own pocket uh uh paid the totality
  • 00:14:50
    of the money that went through the bank
  • 00:14:54
    channels uh hitting the pinet money and
  • 00:14:58
    we distribute that to the victims of pet
  • 00:15:01
    that were consider such with this status
  • 00:15:04
    in the court is the only money that that
  • 00:15:09
    related direct directly to pet has never
  • 00:15:12
    been distributed to the
  • 00:15:14
    victims but that money the millions of
  • 00:15:18
    dollars how did you identify the Ser the
  • 00:15:22
    victims um the survivors and have it
  • 00:15:26
    distributed that was
  • 00:15:31
    there the victims were recognized as
  • 00:15:33
    such in the court because uh thousand of
  • 00:15:37
    them have been
  • 00:15:40
    uh the object of an inquiry inside Chile
  • 00:15:44
    by an official commission committee rigs
  • 00:15:48
    that establish the list of thousands of
  • 00:15:51
    people that were murdered or dis for
  • 00:15:53
    disappeared and uh we in Spain with the
  • 00:15:57
    cooperation of of Chileans inside Chile
  • 00:15:59
    created a new commission for victims of
  • 00:16:02
    torture victims that survived the
  • 00:16:05
    torture and we uh found through this
  • 00:16:09
    commission uh identified more than
  • 00:16:14
    20,000 persons and uh there then they
  • 00:16:18
    they have the right to receive a part of
  • 00:16:21
    the IND
  • 00:16:23
    indemnities taking this forward um how
  • 00:16:27
    you got pinache how you got him arrested
  • 00:16:30
    in England um we just went all to a big
  • 00:16:34
    event last night um where you Jan garcis
  • 00:16:38
    you Peter corn BL um uh balazar garon
  • 00:16:42
    the Spanish judge and others were
  • 00:16:44
    honored in this 40th anniversary of this
  • 00:16:47
    other 911 September 11th 1973 when
  • 00:16:50
    pinese Rose to power in Chile um you
  • 00:16:55
    left the palace taking the word of what
  • 00:16:57
    happened there September 11 1973 as
  • 00:17:00
    president deand asked you to do and you
  • 00:17:02
    went forth you were actually born in
  • 00:17:04
    Spain you ultimately went to Spain um
  • 00:17:08
    you are a lawyer how did you get pinese
  • 00:17:11
    arrested in
  • 00:17:13
    England it's a matter of
  • 00:17:15
    conviction this man was a criminal of
  • 00:17:18
    course and deserves to uh make to be
  • 00:17:21
    made accountable for those crimes so uh
  • 00:17:26
    someone it say to to kill him there was
  • 00:17:31
    an attempt against his life uh my way of
  • 00:17:35
    thinking is different is to work to
  • 00:17:39
    collect to gather evidences about his
  • 00:17:42
    crimes to look for a court of justice
  • 00:17:45
    and wait for the moment in which the
  • 00:17:47
    political conditions could make him
  • 00:17:50
    accountable uh and that happened after
  • 00:17:53
    the end of the Cold War and uh we
  • 00:17:56
    applyed International treaty
  • 00:17:59
    European convention on extradition and
  • 00:18:02
    the International Convention Against
  • 00:18:04
    torture and we found the courts in
  • 00:18:06
    Europe and apply the principles of
  • 00:18:09
    universal
  • 00:18:10
    jurisdiction and we got pet
  • 00:18:14
    and the difference between a killing a
  • 00:18:18
    murder and a legal proceeding you can
  • 00:18:22
    see here the consequences had he been
  • 00:18:25
    killed in the attempted assassination uh
  • 00:18:29
    in 1960
  • 00:18:32
    1986 things in Chile will be very
  • 00:18:34
    different or what come after the legal
  • 00:18:38
    proceeding where the crimes were openly
  • 00:18:41
    explained in front of an independent
  • 00:18:44
    court and the Chilean Society since then
  • 00:18:48
    P was arrested in 1999 and since then
  • 00:18:51
    until
  • 00:18:52
    now the big majority of Chileans agree
  • 00:18:56
    that the transition to the democracy in
  • 00:18:59
    Chile Begins the day in which Pinot Pino
  • 00:19:02
    was put in front of a of a court of
  • 00:19:06
    justice um Peter corn BL uh if you can
  • 00:19:10
    uh talk about uh this remarkable event
  • 00:19:13
    from a US perspective um what actually
  • 00:19:16
    took place so 73 uh penese Rises to
  • 00:19:19
    power he rules for 17 years in 1989 he
  • 00:19:24
    goes to the doctor in London he's also
  • 00:19:27
    what meeting with the former prime
  • 00:19:28
    minister Thatcher and he is certainly
  • 00:19:30
    treated as a dignitary um where were you
  • 00:19:33
    when he was arrested in
  • 00:19:36
    1998 uh October
  • 00:19:39
    16th uh it was a day that everybody in
  • 00:19:42
    the Chile Community
  • 00:19:44
    remembers uh General Pino because of the
  • 00:19:46
    work of Jean gares and Bazar garon uh
  • 00:19:51
    and some key people in London uh take
  • 00:19:53
    advantage of the fact that Pino is
  • 00:19:55
    having a kind of minor surgery uh at a
  • 00:19:58
    place called The Clinic uh in London um
  • 00:20:02
    and they file
  • 00:20:04
    a a request for his arrest under the
  • 00:20:07
    European uh counterterrorism convention
  • 00:20:10
    because Pino committed major acts of
  • 00:20:11
    international terrorism he spearheaded
  • 00:20:14
    Operation Condor which was a rendition
  • 00:20:16
    kidnapping and assassination program
  • 00:20:18
    around the world murdered Orlando
  • 00:20:22
    latelier and Ronnie Moffett in
  • 00:20:24
    Washington DC the former train
  • 00:20:26
    Ambassador for ambassador friend of Jean
  • 00:20:29
    garces's um in 1976 on NC Row in
  • 00:20:33
    Washington DC that's exactly right so uh
  • 00:20:37
    these new laws that had come into place
  • 00:20:39
    uh facilitated a request for his
  • 00:20:42
    interrogation and and arrest um and this
  • 00:20:45
    was a transformational moment it was a
  • 00:20:49
    transformational moment for for Chileans
  • 00:20:51
    it was a transformational moment for
  • 00:20:54
    people in the United States it was a
  • 00:20:55
    transformational moment for the Human
  • 00:20:57
    Rights Movement um which became inspired
  • 00:21:01
    and what we call the Pino precedent or
  • 00:21:03
    the Pino effect now has led to
  • 00:21:06
    prosecutions of people like Alberto
  • 00:21:07
    fujimori in Peru and um Rios mon in
  • 00:21:10
    Guatemala and cases in Spain against the
  • 00:21:13
    murders of the Jesuits uh in El Salvador
  • 00:21:17
    just a a Cascade of of of H now in Sagal
  • 00:21:21
    the fortive efforts to hold the Pino of
  • 00:21:24
    the world accountable for their
  • 00:21:26
    atrocities so it couldn't have been a
  • 00:21:29
    more important uh fundamental event uh
  • 00:21:32
    in our in our recent history and you
  • 00:21:35
    know I I just want to take the
  • 00:21:36
    opportunity to be on your show and say
  • 00:21:38
    that Jean garas is a hero um and what
  • 00:21:41
    happened in Spain was a heroic heroic uh
  • 00:21:44
    effort um and the fact that there's this
  • 00:21:47
    straight line from 40 years ago to being
  • 00:21:50
    at the Lona to then being in Spain and
  • 00:21:53
    and and and being able to hold Pino
  • 00:21:56
    accountable um and create a very
  • 00:21:58
    different set of circumstances for the
  • 00:21:59
    dictators of the future is is is just a
  • 00:22:02
    tremendous achievement pet uh what has
  • 00:22:06
    been the US government uh response to
  • 00:22:08
    this concept of universal jurisdiction
  • 00:22:11
    well there's a bunch of issues in the
  • 00:22:13
    aftermath of Pino's arrest we in
  • 00:22:15
    Washington took advantage of pressing
  • 00:22:17
    the Clinton Administration to
  • 00:22:19
    declassify uh the the Deep the Deep uh
  • 00:22:24
    dark Holdings of the of the US
  • 00:22:26
    government on Chile the Pino era and
  • 00:22:29
    eventually the CIA operations in Chile
  • 00:22:31
    itself uh and the Clinton Administration
  • 00:22:34
    deserves a lot of credit people inside
  • 00:22:35
    that Administration uh despised Pino
  • 00:22:39
    some of them had been aende supporters
  • 00:22:41
    in their youth um and the president was
  • 00:22:44
    convinced to to order a special
  • 00:22:45
    declassification of 24,000 documents
  • 00:22:48
    including in the end 2,000 operational
  • 00:22:51
    CIA documents which we never would have
  • 00:22:53
    seen otherwise uh that recorded the the
  • 00:22:56
    US role in uh in Chile Nixon and
  • 00:22:59
    Kissinger's role in in undermining
  • 00:23:01
    democracy and supporting dictatorship so
  • 00:23:03
    this was the initial response of the
  • 00:23:05
    United States overall the United States
  • 00:23:07
    doesn't like the concept of universal
  • 00:23:09
    jurisdiction because they don't want
  • 00:23:10
    other countries to
  • 00:23:12
    prosecute us officials for atrocities
  • 00:23:15
    committed around the world and of course
  • 00:23:17
    we now have a whole team from the Bush
  • 00:23:19
    Administration who could easily be
  • 00:23:21
    prosecuted just as Pino was prose so how
  • 00:23:23
    are they affected when they go abroad
  • 00:23:25
    including President Bush former
  • 00:23:26
    President Bush well I mean uh certainly
  • 00:23:29
    there have been efforts made in Europe
  • 00:23:31
    to uh to question George Bush to
  • 00:23:35
    question Donald Rumsfeld there have been
  • 00:23:37
    we were with people last night Jan and I
  • 00:23:40
    uh from the center for constitutional
  • 00:23:42
    rights um Michael Ratner and others
  • 00:23:44
    whove tried to bring cases uh against uh
  • 00:23:48
    former Bush Administration officials for
  • 00:23:50
    torture for rendition for for death in
  • 00:23:53
    the name of fighting terrorism what do
  • 00:23:55
    you see could happen to Henry kiss well
  • 00:23:58
    Henry Kissinger is 991 years old uh and
  • 00:24:01
    let me just take the opportunity to say
  • 00:24:02
    that as Chileans are pushing their uh
  • 00:24:06
    their society to atone for what happened
  • 00:24:08
    40 years ago um the issue is whether
  • 00:24:10
    Kissinger will step up and uh and
  • 00:24:12
    acknowledge and and uh and apologize for
  • 00:24:16
    uh the crimes that he supported and
  • 00:24:18
    helped perpetrate uh in Chile he's the
  • 00:24:21
    last surviving member of that team
  • 00:24:23
    there's Kissinger and uh to some degree
  • 00:24:26
    bush have been what we call pade this is
  • 00:24:30
    a new verb in the Lexicon of uh the
  • 00:24:32
    human rights movement since Shan gar is
  • 00:24:35
    accomplishment in getting Pino arrested
  • 00:24:37
    they uh have faced the issue of when
  • 00:24:39
    they travel abroad will they be
  • 00:24:41
    subpoenaed and questioned um for uh
  • 00:24:45
    crimes that they supported participated
  • 00:24:47
    in or instigated and so you have a
  • 00:24:50
    different situation for people like
  • 00:24:51
    Henry Kissinger he he doesn't freely
  • 00:24:53
    travel abroad he now particularly after
  • 00:24:55
    P was arrested in 1998 he would send
  • 00:24:58
    emissaries to make sure there wasn't
  • 00:24:59
    going to be a problem he went to France
  • 00:25:01
    at one point in 1999 I think uh or 2000
  • 00:25:06
    and was served with a subpoena and
  • 00:25:07
    promptly left he was going to go to
  • 00:25:09
    Brazil to receive a huge prize and a
  • 00:25:12
    judge in Brazil said I'm going to
  • 00:25:13
    question him on Operation Condor and K
  • 00:25:16
    Kissinger cancelled his trip uh so and
  • 00:25:19
    Bush himself George Bush has also faced
  • 00:25:22
    uh to to some degree this issue I think
  • 00:25:25
    the question is you know as asan will
  • 00:25:28
    say um P seemed Untouchable for years
  • 00:25:32
    and years and years and then suddenly he
  • 00:25:35
    wasn't because of the hard work Jan
  • 00:25:37
    Gores what do you think should happen
  • 00:25:38
    with Henry Kissinger by the way I should
  • 00:25:40
    also just say for folks who are called
  • 00:25:42
    Juan in this country uh it is spelled
  • 00:25:45
    Juan gares but the catalonian form of
  • 00:25:48
    Juan is Jan um uh so Jan gares what
  • 00:25:52
    should happen with Henry
  • 00:25:53
    Kissinger what
  • 00:25:56
    uh uh some of the victims of those
  • 00:25:59
    crimes we are talking about filed in The
  • 00:26:03
    District Court of Washington DC a claim
  • 00:26:08
    against
  • 00:26:09
    Kissinger uh unfortunately the date was
  • 00:26:13
    not positive uh that was the day before
  • 00:26:17
    the 911 2001 so uh uh 13 years ago today
  • 00:26:24
    yes exactly and so uh this uh this claim
  • 00:26:28
    didn't didn't was not successful because
  • 00:26:32
    the The District Court uh said that the
  • 00:26:36
    US court of justice cannot review the
  • 00:26:39
    decisions taken by the state department
  • 00:26:43
    High officers even if those decisions
  • 00:26:46
    are related to crimes against humanity
  • 00:26:49
    and genocidal acts this decision
  • 00:26:54
    was was confirmed by the appeal court
  • 00:26:58
    and the supreme court of justice uh
  • 00:27:00
    didn't accept to review those decisions
  • 00:27:04
    I how I think that this is very
  • 00:27:07
    unfortunate uh the the leaders of the
  • 00:27:11
    United States
  • 00:27:13
    have extraordinary powers if they
  • 00:27:17
    accomplish or commit crimes against
  • 00:27:19
    humanity they should uh abroad using the
  • 00:27:23
    power of the United States to commit big
  • 00:27:25
    crimes abroad they should
  • 00:27:28
    made should be made accountable they
  • 00:27:31
    could they cannot be tragedy broad
  • 00:27:33
    because no country no cour in in the
  • 00:27:36
    world dares to open any serious criminal
  • 00:27:42
    case against the higher uh High officer
  • 00:27:45
    of the United States and if the US
  • 00:27:48
    courts say that because of the
  • 00:27:50
    separation of power they can no more
  • 00:27:53
    investigate those crimes the outcome is
  • 00:27:55
    absolute impunity and I think that is is
  • 00:27:59
    unacceptable and that is a danger for we
  • 00:28:03
    all and in fact uh you are talking about
  • 00:28:06
    this this this Pino case let me tell you
  • 00:28:10
    that I I am just following the path that
  • 00:28:13
    was open by the
  • 00:28:15
    US uh government in
  • 00:28:18
    1945 when the World War II was ending it
  • 00:28:23
    was a discussion among the leaders of
  • 00:28:25
    the United Nations
  • 00:28:27
    what to do with those big criminals that
  • 00:28:30
    use the power of the third right and for
  • 00:28:35
    committing massive crimes and then there
  • 00:28:37
    was a discussion for the prime minister
  • 00:28:40
    of Britain Churchill Dan was very clear
  • 00:28:44
    you put them against the
  • 00:28:47
    wall finish you kill them that is that
  • 00:28:50
    is all uh uh starting agree with that uh
  • 00:28:56
    but not
  • 00:28:58
    Rosevelt know the administration the
  • 00:29:00
    American Administration that said no no
  • 00:29:04
    these people should face a tribunal
  • 00:29:08
    where their kind should be exposed and
  • 00:29:13
    then there was the Newberg trial that is
  • 00:29:16
    the beginning of the current
  • 00:29:18
    international criminal law so the roots
  • 00:29:20
    of the international
  • 00:29:23
    laad presently uh in the United States
  • 00:29:26
    think a strategic are thinking for the
  • 00:29:29
    uh the world after World War II as you
  • 00:29:32
    talk about international law can I
  • 00:29:34
    digress for one minute before we talk
  • 00:29:36
    about the current election in Chile and
  • 00:29:37
    ask you about your thoughts on Syria
  • 00:29:39
    because what's often raised right now is
  • 00:29:41
    that it's a violation of 100-year-old
  • 00:29:43
    law about the use of chemical weapons
  • 00:29:45
    and President Obama Drew this red line
  • 00:29:47
    he says the International Community drew
  • 00:29:49
    it and the ban against the use of
  • 00:29:50
    chemical weapons what are your thoughts
  • 00:29:52
    on what should happen in Syria do you
  • 00:29:54
    think the US should uh respond on to
  • 00:29:57
    this though it's not completely the
  • 00:29:59
    facts are not in on exactly who did this
  • 00:30:02
    uh in Syria but should strike Syria
  • 00:30:06
    militarily well in my view the United
  • 00:30:09
    States Syria and the world is facing now
  • 00:30:13
    the the the consequences of bad
  • 00:30:16
    strategical options two years ago in
  • 00:30:19
    Libya according to the international
  • 00:30:23
    legal legal Norms the United n Nations
  • 00:30:26
    Charter
  • 00:30:28
    the legitimacy for the for using Force
  • 00:30:32
    against a sovereign government an
  • 00:30:34
    independent country is in the security
  • 00:30:36
    Council of the United Nations it's the
  • 00:30:39
    only organ that can take the decisions
  • 00:30:42
    and the United States ask the permission
  • 00:30:45
    to from the United Security Council to
  • 00:30:48
    protect the civilians of in the Eastern
  • 00:30:50
    side of liya against bombing by the G
  • 00:30:54
    government and the security Council
  • 00:30:57
    agree on that great and then an
  • 00:31:01
    exclusion Sone was created for
  • 00:31:03
    protecting the civilians what was a
  • 00:31:05
    mistake in my point of view they they
  • 00:31:07
    turn this authorization from the
  • 00:31:10
    security Council in a regime change
  • 00:31:14
    accepting to use this authorization from
  • 00:31:17
    the security Council to bomb all the
  • 00:31:19
    areas of Chile of Libya and permitting
  • 00:31:23
    the overthrow of the GFI regime then
  • 00:31:27
    the Russians and the Chinese that were
  • 00:31:30
    looking what has been done with the
  • 00:31:32
    authorization use force that they liia
  • 00:31:36
    they in my analysis said that is the
  • 00:31:37
    last time uh we will not accept that
  • 00:31:41
    once again that we give the
  • 00:31:42
    authorization for that and that is a
  • 00:31:44
    pretext for something that we didn't
  • 00:31:46
    authorize and that is the the the
  • 00:31:49
    tragedy for the Syrian Syrian people
  • 00:31:52
    since two years ago when the the
  • 00:31:55
    Security Council is blocked now
  • 00:31:58
    what I realize that is a proposal for
  • 00:32:01
    solving the the situation in Syria you
  • 00:32:03
    have here uh the position that has been
  • 00:32:06
    taken by the US executive and a great
  • 00:32:11
    skepticism in in other countries about
  • 00:32:14
    the users of force outside authorization
  • 00:32:17
    of the security Council legitimate force
  • 00:32:20
    and I realize that some governments for
  • 00:32:22
    example the German government is saying
  • 00:32:25
    that the people that is respons
  • 00:32:27
    responsible for these chemical attacks
  • 00:32:29
    should be made responsible in the
  • 00:32:31
    international criminal court of justice
  • 00:32:34
    and which the US has not signed on to
  • 00:32:36
    but the security Council can can order
  • 00:32:40
    that these people in Syria that has
  • 00:32:43
    committed this crime been sent to the
  • 00:32:45
    international criminal court this is a
  • 00:32:47
    legal solution and certainly the
  • 00:32:50
    Diplomatic possibilities are not
  • 00:32:52
    exhausted and I I consider that after
  • 00:32:56
    the experience in is uh the fiascos in
  • 00:32:59
    Iraq invasion and the answer to the
  • 00:33:02
    attack to New York invading another
  • 00:33:05
    country well look what happened here in
  • 00:33:08
    New York 10 years ago uh that was a
  • 00:33:12
    terrorist
  • 00:33:13
    attack uh to answer to this terrorist
  • 00:33:16
    attack there are several ways the option
  • 00:33:18
    was to invade the country make the
  • 00:33:21
    balance what is 10 years later the
  • 00:33:23
    number of
  • 00:33:25
    terrorists of gisha the theist that are
  • 00:33:28
    today and that were there I think that
  • 00:33:31
    this attack has multiplied the number of
  • 00:33:33
    people that are ready to commit new
  • 00:33:36
    crimes so uh I think that the use of
  • 00:33:39
    force should be done but through
  • 00:33:42
    legitimate means and the use of force
  • 00:33:46
    outside the legitimacy of international
  • 00:33:48
    law the side effects uh in this case
  • 00:33:52
    it's evident more negative than positive
  • 00:33:54
    that is my balance pet Cor uh turning
  • 00:33:57
    back to 73 can you talk about the role
  • 00:33:59
    of the CIA uh in supplying lists of of
  • 00:34:03
    dissidents to the Chilean
  • 00:34:06
    military there's some evidence although
  • 00:34:09
    it doesn't really show up in the
  • 00:34:10
    documents that we have it was discovered
  • 00:34:12
    by the senate committee led by senator
  • 00:34:14
    Frank Church a so-called Church
  • 00:34:16
    committee that investigated uh us
  • 00:34:18
    intervention in Chile in the mid 1970s
  • 00:34:21
    that the CIA funded a particular
  • 00:34:23
    Institute that uh Was preparing for a
  • 00:34:26
    coup that did compile lists of both
  • 00:34:29
    civilians and and people inside the the
  • 00:34:32
    aend government um that would need to be
  • 00:34:36
    uh taken care of if you will um in the
  • 00:34:38
    event of a coup um the CIA eventually
  • 00:34:42
    came in sent a team to help create the
  • 00:34:46
    Chilean uh secret police um Dena I was
  • 00:34:50
    just in Chile and there are very few
  • 00:34:52
    Dena documents available the Dena
  • 00:34:55
    disappeared their archiv just like they
  • 00:34:57
    disappeared so many victims the head of
  • 00:34:59
    Dina uh was arrested and well contr was
  • 00:35:03
    first prosecuted for the assassination
  • 00:35:06
    of Orlando latelier the former julan
  • 00:35:07
    ambassador to Washington and his
  • 00:35:09
    colleague Ronnie carpent Moffett and
  • 00:35:11
    then he was prosecuted again and again
  • 00:35:14
    and again um and he now has is in a
  • 00:35:17
    prison uh has been in a prison and has a
  • 00:35:19
    overall sentence of more than 200 years
  • 00:35:22
    um uh to serve but I was saying that the
  • 00:35:24
    CIA actually um sent a team to to help
  • 00:35:28
    uh advise Dina on infrastructure on
  • 00:35:31
    human resources on kind of the how you
  • 00:35:33
    do intelligence uh operations and one of
  • 00:35:36
    the things I I found when I was in Chile
  • 00:35:38
    two two weeks ago is that there's
  • 00:35:40
    actually a an a manual uh that the Dena
  • 00:35:43
    had on how to conduct intelligence that
  • 00:35:47
    appears to be uh completely translated
  • 00:35:49
    from from an old us manual from the
  • 00:35:52
    1950s and obviously somebody gave the
  • 00:35:55
    Dena that manual to to to use so there's
  • 00:35:58
    a a history here of the CIA being
  • 00:36:02
    involved with Chilean impression up to
  • 00:36:04
    the point when Pino sends his his his
  • 00:36:08
    assassins to Washington DC to commit an
  • 00:36:10
    act of international terrorism uh we're
  • 00:36:13
    we're approaching 911 tomorrow the
  • 00:36:15
    latell assassination car bombing in
  • 00:36:18
    downtown Washington DC was the first Act
  • 00:36:21
    of state sponsored International
  • 00:36:22
    terrorism in the capital city of
  • 00:36:24
    Washington um very quickly we just have
  • 00:36:26
    a minute to go the current election
  • 00:36:28
    that's going on right now in Chile is
  • 00:36:30
    remarkable you have two women one the
  • 00:36:32
    former president Michelle bachelet right
  • 00:36:33
    two daughters of generals one may have
  • 00:36:35
    been responsible for the torture and
  • 00:36:38
    death of the other Michelle bachelet's
  • 00:36:40
    father killed and they were childhood
  • 00:36:42
    best friends now running against each
  • 00:36:44
    other well it's a historic election
  • 00:36:46
    because you have two women contending
  • 00:36:47
    for the presidency it's the first in
  • 00:36:49
    Latin America maybe the first in the
  • 00:36:51
    world uh where two women are the leading
  • 00:36:53
    contenders for to be president and
  • 00:36:55
    because of their backgrounds of course
  • 00:36:57
    and because of the Confluence of the
  • 00:36:59
    40th anniversary arriving tomorrow um uh
  • 00:37:02
    in the middle of this election uh the
  • 00:37:04
    the history of the of the coup is kind
  • 00:37:06
    of front and center uh in the debate uh
  • 00:37:09
    o over over the issues and the issue of
  • 00:37:12
    atoning apologizing for taking
  • 00:37:15
    responsibility for those who supported
  • 00:37:17
    Pino it has suddenly become politically
  • 00:37:20
    expedient to to apologize from the right
  • 00:37:22
    wiers uh and people even pushing Evelyn
  • 00:37:25
    mat to apologize for her father to
  • 00:37:27
    apologize for her family for their
  • 00:37:29
    participation uh in the repression um
  • 00:37:32
    and um and this is a sea change
  • 00:37:35
    politically uh in Chile Where the
  • 00:37:37
    country has been divided but now really
  • 00:37:40
    um it's there's just very little space
  • 00:37:42
    uh for anybody to have supported the the
  • 00:37:44
    coup anymore and feel like they could
  • 00:37:46
    ever advanc politically in Chile the
  • 00:37:48
    population has changed the the the the
  • 00:37:52
    commemorations around the 40th
  • 00:37:54
    anniversary which is tomorrow have been
  • 00:37:55
    overwhelming in the press and the media
  • 00:37:57
    cultural events a beautiful concert
  • 00:38:00
    called Victor seen Victor uh on Victor
  • 00:38:02
    harr's music just took place last week
  • 00:38:05
    um it's it's it was wonderful and
  • 00:38:08
    inspirational to see and it's a large
  • 00:38:10
    part due to the the effort of chain and
  • 00:38:13
    the effort of the world Community to
  • 00:38:14
    make sure uh that the coup and its
  • 00:38:17
    atrocities were
  • 00:38:18
    repudiated well I want to thank you both
  • 00:38:20
    for being with us Peter corn BL and Jan
  • 00:38:22
    garus um Jan garus by the way is also
  • 00:38:25
    winner of the right livelihood award and
  • 00:38:27
    was a gathering in bond a few years ago
  • 00:38:30
    when we also interviewed him a gathering
  • 00:38:32
    of about 75 right livelihood Award
  • 00:38:34
    winners won that award it was awarded in
  • 00:38:37
    the Swedish Parliament uh Jan garus
  • 00:38:39
    again um uh the closest adviser to
  • 00:38:42
    president aende president aende died in
  • 00:38:45
    the palace September 11th 1973 40 years
  • 00:38:48
    ago Jan garcis left the palace and from
  • 00:38:51
    that point to today has been not only
  • 00:38:54
    telling the world about what happened
  • 00:38:56
    but holding the forces that deposed
  • 00:38:59
    Salvador yende accountable thank you so
  • 00:39:01
    much both for being with
  • 00:39:04
    [Music]
  • 00:39:06
    us
Tags
  • Chilean Coup
  • Salvador Allende
  • Augusto Pinochet
  • Universal Jurisdiction
  • CIA Involvement
  • Human Rights
  • International Law
  • Riggs Bank
  • Political History
  • U.S. Foreign Policy