PBS Frontline 2012 Climate of Doubt 4

00:55:45
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KXS2XPnqGZc

Ringkasan

TLDRThe PBS special 'Climate of Doubt' delves into the controversy surrounding climate change debates during the 2012 U.S. election. It depicts the rise of skepticism and politicization of climate science prompted by organized campaigns and influential figures like Myron Ebell and Christopher Monckton. Despite strong scientific consensus about human-induced global warming, skeptic groups have successfully propagated doubt, aligning with political and economic interests opposed to climate regulation. Events like Climategate and the influence of the Tea Party have fueled public mistrust in climate science. The documentary highlights how this skepticism has impacted political discourse, stalling regulatory efforts despite ongoing environmental changes.

Takeaways

  • ๐ŸŒ Climate change remains a contentious issue in U.S. politics.
  • ๐ŸŽค Prominent skeptics challenge the scientific consensus on climate change.
  • ๐Ÿ“‰ Doubt about climate science has increased among Americans.
  • ๐ŸŽช The Tea Party played a role in opposing climate regulations.
  • ๐Ÿงพ Climategate eroded public trust in climate scientists.
  • ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ Public debate shifted from science to economic and freedom concerns.
  • ๐Ÿ’ก The media influences public perception of climate change.
  • ๐Ÿ›‘ U.S. climate policy action has been largely stalled.
  • ๐Ÿ” Investigations found no scientific data manipulation despite accusations.
  • ๐Ÿ”— Political and economic interests heavily influence the climate debate.

Garis waktu

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    The introduction discusses how the perception of climate change has shifted from being a recognized danger to a more contested issue, fueled by campaigns sowing doubt about the science. It also sets up the focus on who is behind this shift and the resulting 'climate of doubt.'

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    The scene transitions to Chicago, where an influential conference is promoting skepticism about man-made climate change as a hoax, contrasting with a global focus on security threats. This gathering of skeptics aims to position their views in mainstream American politics by opposing established science and media consensus.

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    Political strategies of climate change skeptics are outlined, emphasizing their grassroots appeal and portrayal as underdogs against the elite. They claim success in winning over the American heartland by framing the debate as a cultural battle, relying on a network of contrarian scientists to support their claims.

  • 00:15:00 - 00:20:00

    Highlighting 2008 as a turning point, skeptics recall being urged to stay silent due to public belief in climate change; instead, they decided to challenge the consensus. They leverage a small group of scientific dissenters, targeting public skepticism and portraying climate change as non-existent or irrelevant, to reshape American opinion.

  • 00:20:00 - 00:25:00

    Barack Obama's presidency seemed to promise progress on climate change with the promotion of 'cap-and-trade' policies. However, the bipartisan support for these ideas was undermined by ingrained skepticism and political tactics that disrupted consensus, arguing for delay in legislative action due to supposed scientific uncertainties.

  • 00:25:00 - 00:30:00

    As climate change policy began to stall, opposition intensified. The Tea Party and other skeptic groups leveraged economic and political dissatisfaction to challenge cap-and-trade policies, framing them as harmful to freedom and the economy, thus persuading some lawmakers to oppose government intervention in climate policy.

  • 00:30:00 - 00:35:00

    Despite numerous investigations debunking Climategate accusations, the incident damaged public trust in climate science. Skeptics capitalized on these events to reinforce their narrative of scientific malpractice and government overreach, further entrenching doubt about climate change and stalling legislative action.

  • 00:35:00 - 00:40:00

    The film discusses how skepticism toward climate change has succeeded in influencing political discourse, causing lawmakers to avoid the issue. This shift is starkly exemplified by the silence of Republican leaders and the dissolution of Congressional committees focused on global warming.

  • 00:40:00 - 00:45:00

    Instances of doubt-based strategies in education and local governance exemplify the broader impact on policy. By questioning scientific reports, skeptics gain legislative victories, typified by North Carolina's resistance to coastal planning based on predicted sea-level rise, showing successful integration of skeptic narrative into law.

  • 00:45:00 - 00:50:00

    The documentary unveils the financial network bolstering the skeptic movement, tracing its roots to fossil fuel industries and libertarian foundations. These networks provide a stronghold for their ideology, promoting free market solutions over scientific consensus, while using sophisticated funding strategies to conceal influence.

  • 00:50:00 - 00:55:45

    The conclusion underscores the complexity of addressing climate change in the current political climate, highlighting the dramatic shift from proactive discussions to a state where the topic is often avoided. It raises questions about future policy directions amid growing skepticism and ideological battles over scientific facts.

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Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan

  • What is the documentary 'Climate of Doubt' about?

    It discusses the skepticism and politicization surrounding climate change leading up to the 2012 U.S. election.

  • Who are some key figures featured in the documentary?

    Key figures include John Hockenberry, Myron Ebell, Christopher Monckton, and Fred Singer.

  • What role does the Heartland Institute play?

    The Heartland Institute organizes conferences and rallies skepticism about climate change being man-made.

  • What impact did 'An Inconvenient Truth' have on public opinion?

    It raised awareness about climate change and increased the perception of its seriousness.

  • How did skeptics counter the scientific consensus on climate change?

    They launched campaigns to cast doubt on climate science, citing uncertainty and alternative viewpoints.

  • What tactic did skeptics use to challenge climate science?

    They promoted the idea of uncertainty in climate science through organized campaigns and reports.

  • What role did the Tea Party play in the climate debate?

    The Tea Party movement contributed to the backlash against climate legislation, citing concerns of economic impact and government overreach.

  • How did economic factors influence the climate change debate?

    Economic concerns, especially during the recession, made it easier for skeptics to challenge climate policies.

  • What was the significance of Climategate?

    Hacked emails were used to argue against the validity of climate science, although subsequent investigations cleared scientists of wrongdoing.

  • How has the portrayal of climate change in the media changed over time?

    The report suggests a shift towards skepticism and political debate over scientific evidence.

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Gulir Otomatis:
  • 00:00:02
    Halloween is a PBS election 2012 special
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    presentation
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    [Music]
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    the findings are blunt climate change is
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    happened in the last election for a few
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    seem to doubt that climate change was
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    real climate change poses a growing
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    danger the risks of climate change are
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    real but since then a successful
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    campaign has been waged to introduce
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    down about the science massive global
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    conspiracy to make a certain case do you
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    pay scientists enough money they'll find
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    what you want them to find they are
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    cooking the data scientific malpractice
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    do you think the science is being hyped
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    on global warming oh very definitely yes
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    correspondent John Hockenberry
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    investigators the politics have gotten
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    to the point where people just don't
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    want to listen to science how did it
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    happen and who's behind it tonight
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    climate of doubt
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    frontline is made possible by
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    contributions to your PBS station from
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    viewers like you thank you and by the
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    Corporation for Public Broadcasting
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    major funding is provided by the John D
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    and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation
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    committed to building a more just
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    verdant and peaceful world additional
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    funding is provided by the Park
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    foundation dedicated to heightening
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    public awareness of critical issues and
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    by the frontline journalism fund with
  • 00:01:44
    grants from Scott Nathan and Laura de
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    bonis and Millicent bill through the
  • 00:01:48
    Millicent and Eugene Bell Foundation
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    major funding for this program is
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    provided by the candida fund
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    [Music]
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    Chicago is now under full national
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    security in fact a no-fly zone is in
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    effect that we have some guests in town
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    enjoyed some of the festivities yes mama
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    and a number of war was a big weekend in
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    Chicago last spring the president was in
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    town along with the leaders of NATO to
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    discuss threats to global security and
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    nuclear proliferation at a huge
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    convention center the eyes of the world
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    were watching but across town in a small
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    hotel ballroom the fate of the world was
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    also on the agenda the eyes of the world
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    might have missed this gap the message
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    here is that man-made global climate
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    change is a myth a hoax
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    this conference is an annual pilgrimage
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    for the key skeptics we came here to
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    understand how they have made their
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    views a mainstream fact of American
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    politics they think of themselves as
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    rebels up against the biggest players in
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    science government and the media when
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    the solar are based on public fear of
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    global warming and the mainstream media
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    is pretty much given up its role as an
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    independent reporter on these things
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    that has become an advocate if you add
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    up all of the resources of our side of
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    the debate and all of the resources of
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    the other side of the debate this is a
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    David versus Goliath story you're doing
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    pretty well there are holdouts among the
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    urban bicoastal elite but I think we've
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    won the debate with the American people
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    in the heartland the people who who get
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    their hands dirty people who dig up
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    stuff gross stuff and make stuff for a
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    living people who have a closer
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    relationship to tangible reality to
  • 00:04:01
    stuff we need to keep banging away on
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    the side Myron Ebell chairs a group
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    called the cooler heads coalition one of
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    a team of skilled policy advocates
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    driving a remarkable turnaround that has
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    already changed the US political
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    landscape warming isn't in fact
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    accelerating in fact there's been none
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    for 15 years there's Christopher
  • 00:04:23
    Monckton a big draw at these meetings
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    who brings the skeptics to their feet
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    every time Republican congressman James
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    Sensenbrenner of Wisconsin vice chairman
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    of the House Science Committee
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    accuse my colleagues and me of treason
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    against the plan there's Chris Horner
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    from the Competitive Enterprise
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    Institute his economic salvation this is
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    our way out and James Taylor's senior
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    fellow at the Heartland Institute
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    organizer of this galleries to be indeed
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    Israel in the years prior to 2007 the
  • 00:05:00
    2008 elections we actually heard from
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    many folks that we should tone it down
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    on global warming we should not talk
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    about the issue because the court of
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    public opinion had already decided and
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    we were on the losing end but we believe
  • 00:05:12
    that if we present the case to the
  • 00:05:14
    American people and it resonates if they
  • 00:05:16
    get it then that's going to work its way
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    up the the political step letter you've
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    really changed the game on global
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    warming well I certainly hope so these
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    political messengers rely on a small
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    group of outspoken scientific
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    contrarians like climatologist pat
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    michaels of the libertarian Cato
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    Institute every paragraph can be
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    contented Willie soon is an
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    astrophysicist who studies the Sun and
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    stars you just found a mechanism to
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    transport anything from the tropics to
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    the Arctic they cannot fit Northern
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    Hemisphere and southern and Fred singer
  • 00:05:51
    the veteran scientist at these
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    proceedings he's a retired physicist
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    once responsible for government weather
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    satellites between the same who tells
  • 00:06:00
    people the climate needs no help from
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    worried humans adjustable parameters
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    claim it to me has become a non-issue
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    it's a phantom issue there's nothing
  • 00:06:10
    wrong with climate it will change no
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    matter what we do it'll get colder it'll
  • 00:06:15
    get warmer we just have to wait a little
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    singer says he's dedicated to explaining
  • 00:06:22
    his theories about global warming what
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    keeps you going what's what's your
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    motivation basically I like to see good
  • 00:06:29
    science being done and protected I think
  • 00:06:33
    I'm fighting here for scientific truth
  • 00:06:36
    that's important to me do you think the
  • 00:06:38
    science is being hyped on global warming
  • 00:06:41
    oh very differently yes
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    armed with that conviction this team of
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    skilled political messengers and
  • 00:06:49
    contrarians has certainly changed the
  • 00:06:51
    game in just four years the number of
  • 00:06:55
    Americans who agree global warming is
  • 00:06:57
    man-made has dropped to about half it's
  • 00:07:01
    a message that is inspiring a new
  • 00:07:03
    generation of skeptics I would like to
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    I'm really listen to these scientists
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    who payment talking have dedicated their
  • 00:07:10
    lives to debunking on this fallacy so to
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    speak once upon a time what these people
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    call a fallacy had another name the
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    truth you've heard of off the charts
  • 00:07:26
    within less than 50 years it'll be here
  • 00:07:29
    the so-called skeptics in 2006 the film
  • 00:07:32
    An Inconvenient Truth told a disturbing
  • 00:07:35
    story and galvanized public awareness
  • 00:07:37
    about the climate and now to a new
  • 00:07:39
    report on global warming from a
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    prestigious panel of scientists convened
  • 00:07:43
    by the UN rim report out today from this
  • 00:07:46
    comprehensive report in 2007 took it to
  • 00:07:49
    another level scientists from 30 nations
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    concluded that global warming is
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    unequivocal and that human activity is
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    mostly the cause when over it it is the
  • 00:07:59
    definitive report on global warming and
  • 00:08:01
    it's frightening I call upon the Peace
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    Prize laureate for 2007 Al Gore took the
  • 00:08:11
    UN scientists and former Vice President
  • 00:08:13
    Al Gore would share the Nobel Peace
  • 00:08:15
    Prize the cause had a consensus
  • 00:08:19
    Anna credible leader the skeptics would
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    take on both
  • 00:08:27
    I think Al Gore was probably the best
  • 00:08:30
    thing that could happen to global
  • 00:08:31
    warming skeptics for my perspective Al
  • 00:08:34
    Gore was the perfect proponent and
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    leader of the global warming alarmists
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    because he's very politically divisive
  • 00:08:41
    and controversial I think it was his
  • 00:08:43
    tone and matter he did at a certain
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    point come across his holier-than-thou
  • 00:08:47
    that's nothing about Americans they're
  • 00:08:49
    not really big on holier than
  • 00:08:52
    personalizing the attacks was part of an
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    approach that was immediately embraced
  • 00:08:56
    and amplified by friendly media is the
  • 00:08:59
    former vice president getting off that
  • 00:09:01
    plane into a town car by the way not a
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    hybrid he quotes a failure to recycle
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    aluminum cans with the Holocaust he
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    wants to be a super hero action figure
  • 00:09:11
    and Myron Ebell was acting on a broad
  • 00:09:14
    strategy he helped create more than a
  • 00:09:16
    decade ago in this 1998 action plan
  • 00:09:20
    victory will be achieved it said when
  • 00:09:23
    the public recognizes uncertainties in
  • 00:09:26
    climate science today at the Washington
  • 00:09:31
    DC headquarters of the Competitive
  • 00:09:33
    Enterprise Institute a free market think
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    tank you can see Myron Ebell philosophy
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    proudly displayed on the walls they're
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    all CEO knows what we're fighting is the
  • 00:09:44
    expansion of government and there are
  • 00:09:46
    many pretexts for expanding government
  • 00:09:50
    opposing government action on climate
  • 00:09:52
    change to defend American freedom is a
  • 00:09:55
    perfect fit we felt that if you concede
  • 00:09:58
    the science is settled and there's a
  • 00:10:00
    consensus you cannot they're the moral
  • 00:10:05
    high ground has been ceded to the
  • 00:10:07
    alarmists so you had to go to work and
  • 00:10:09
    break down this consensus yes and we did
  • 00:10:12
    it because we believed that the
  • 00:10:14
    consensus was phony we believed that the
  • 00:10:18
    so-called global warming consensus was
  • 00:10:21
    not based on science but was a political
  • 00:10:24
    consensus which included a number of
  • 00:10:27
    scientists in 2009 agreement on global
  • 00:10:31
    warming seemed part of the solid wave of
  • 00:10:33
    enthusiasm that elected Barack Obama I
  • 00:10:35
    Barack
  • 00:10:36
    Obama do solemnly swear with the
  • 00:10:38
    changing of the guard in Washington
  • 00:10:40
    there was a bipartisan call to action
  • 00:10:42
    sense of inevitability the president of
  • 00:10:46
    the United States an idea that for years
  • 00:10:50
    had struggled for attention in Congress
  • 00:10:52
    would get its moment of truth so I ask
  • 00:10:55
    this Congress to send me legislation
  • 00:10:57
    that places a market-based cap on carbon
  • 00:10:59
    the president backed the so-called
  • 00:11:01
    cap-and-trade approach a system of
  • 00:11:03
    regulations and financial incentives to
  • 00:11:06
    eventually reduce the emission of carbon
  • 00:11:08
    into the atmosphere it seemed there was
  • 00:11:11
    consensus on climate change there was an
  • 00:11:14
    uneasy consensus but the people who have
  • 00:11:20
    always objected to change had not yet
  • 00:11:24
    really engaged and because of the
  • 00:11:27
    consensus because there was a sense that
  • 00:11:29
    there was going to be movement that
  • 00:11:31
    galvanized the action of the people who
  • 00:11:34
    oppose it the American people hadn't
  • 00:11:36
    focused on these issues until it
  • 00:11:38
    actually came to a vote in Congress on a
  • 00:11:40
    bill to implement these policies today's
  • 00:11:43
    hearing is on the soft consensus for
  • 00:11:45
    taking action ran into the bitter
  • 00:11:47
    partisan divisions in Congress
  • 00:11:49
    congressional hearings on cap and trade
  • 00:11:51
    would become a stage where opposing
  • 00:11:53
    views would get equal time professor
  • 00:11:55
    shred you just heard with dr. micro cap
  • 00:11:58
    and trade lawmakers would call leading
  • 00:12:00
    climate scientists and policymakers to
  • 00:12:02
    make the argument for action now it's
  • 00:12:05
    very clear from that estimate that in
  • 00:12:07
    fact we're in for bigger trouble one of
  • 00:12:09
    the things that we've already seen as
  • 00:12:10
    many observed changes in the climate
  • 00:12:12
    global climate change is a serious
  • 00:12:15
    threat to our national security the
  • 00:12:17
    skeptics had their own witnesses they
  • 00:12:19
    testified that nothing was settled and
  • 00:12:22
    that global warming might actually be
  • 00:12:23
    good for the planet necessary say that
  • 00:12:26
    again carbon dioxide is what is plant
  • 00:12:28
    food it's plant food yeah the testimony
  • 00:12:31
    of the skeptics argued for a time out
  • 00:12:33
    there was enough uncertainty they said
  • 00:12:35
    to justify delay the right response to
  • 00:12:39
    the non problem of global warming for
  • 00:12:41
    slide please is to have the courage to
  • 00:12:44
    do nothing but the fear of catastrophic
  • 00:12:46
    man-made global warming is mistaken this
  • 00:12:50
    demonstration shows that the
  • 00:12:51
    oft-repeated manager in Washington quote
  • 00:12:52
    the science is settled is not true at
  • 00:12:55
    all if climate change skeptics had found
  • 00:12:57
    a seat at the table but the scientific
  • 00:13:00
    consensus still had the momentum when
  • 00:13:03
    cap-and-trade came up for a vote in the
  • 00:13:04
    house in 2009 it passed with eight
  • 00:13:08
    Republicans on board the bill is passed
  • 00:13:14
    the waxman-markey cap-and-trade bill
  • 00:13:17
    passed the House very narrowly 219 to
  • 00:13:20
    212 the members of the Senate who were
  • 00:13:23
    going to take it up in July went home
  • 00:13:26
    for the fourth of July recess and they
  • 00:13:29
    got an earful from their constituents
  • 00:13:31
    you don't trust me
  • 00:13:33
    [Applause]
  • 00:13:40
    [Applause]
  • 00:13:43
    the tea party saw a frightening
  • 00:13:46
    expansion of government in the health
  • 00:13:48
    care plan and the push for cap and trade
  • 00:13:56
    the people of this country were really
  • 00:13:58
    not concerned one way or the other on
  • 00:14:00
    this issue until the economy started
  • 00:14:03
    going south in 2008 was that an
  • 00:14:07
    opportunity to push back on climate
  • 00:14:08
    change the recession it sure was I'm Tim
  • 00:14:11
    Phillips president of Americans for
  • 00:14:13
    Prosperity we're here at Billings
  • 00:14:15
    Montana what part did you play we
  • 00:14:18
    certainly did TV ads radio ads social
  • 00:14:20
    media we did rallies events we launched
  • 00:14:23
    something we called hot air and we're
  • 00:14:25
    sending the message to Senator Baucus
  • 00:14:27
    and Senator text tester to vote no on
  • 00:14:29
    this job-killing tax increasing cap and
  • 00:14:32
    trade we got a pot air balloon put a
  • 00:14:35
    banner on the side of it that said cap
  • 00:14:37
    and trade means higher taxes lost jobs
  • 00:14:39
    less freedom and we went all over the
  • 00:14:41
    country doing a bent and stirring up
  • 00:14:43
    grassroots anger and frustration concern
  • 00:14:46
    and trade will slow the economy and cost
  • 00:14:48
    American jobs Americans for Prosperity
  • 00:14:51
    zeeeee well financed campaign was an
  • 00:14:53
    aggressive electric bill adds that went
  • 00:14:55
    after cap and trade policy can't afford
  • 00:14:57
    the cap-and-trade tax is our jobs and
  • 00:15:00
    said the science was a hoax Congress
  • 00:15:02
    should stop wasting our money and focus
  • 00:15:04
    on real problems isn't it time Congress
  • 00:15:06
    listened to the rest of us in the Tea
  • 00:15:08
    Party's anti-tax anti-big government
  • 00:15:10
    message you could now hear the skeptic
  • 00:15:13
    mantra attacking climate science and cap
  • 00:15:16
    and trade and taxiing America to daven
  • 00:15:20
    our children at some tea party events
  • 00:15:22
    global warming skeptics were a big draw
  • 00:15:24
    gives me great pleasure to welcome Lord
  • 00:15:27
    Monckton
  • 00:15:30
    introduced like a professional wrestler
  • 00:15:33
    Christopher Monckton is a former British
  • 00:15:35
    journalist who admits he has no
  • 00:15:37
    scientific qualifications now we are met
  • 00:15:40
    on a great battlefield of a new civil
  • 00:15:45
    war but here whipping up the crowd is
  • 00:15:48
    his indisputable expertise that in
  • 00:15:51
    American speaks you have a word for
  • 00:15:54
    global warming can someone tell me what
  • 00:15:57
    it is all together global warming is
  • 00:16:03
    events like these fertilized the growing
  • 00:16:06
    public doubt about climate change that
  • 00:16:08
    was beginning to register with senators
  • 00:16:10
    with widespread anxiety over a shrinking
  • 00:16:13
    economy cap-and-trade was tabled in the
  • 00:16:16
    Senate the momentum towards action on
  • 00:16:19
    global warming was vanishing I Alton see
  • 00:16:22
    if ever wonder as an activist on our
  • 00:16:24
    side are you making a difference just
  • 00:16:26
    look at cap-and-trade january of 09 you
  • 00:16:28
    had a president with 60 votes in the
  • 00:16:30
    senate then-speaker Pelosi with a
  • 00:16:32
    50-plus seat majority and cap and trade
  • 00:16:34
    was at the top of their agenda and in
  • 00:16:37
    the end they were beaten you've said if
  • 00:16:39
    we win the science argument I think it's
  • 00:16:42
    game set and match why do you want to
  • 00:16:45
    win the science argument if the science
  • 00:16:47
    argument is one I do think it would pull
  • 00:16:51
    out the final underpinning of this
  • 00:16:53
    legislative effort in this regulatory
  • 00:16:55
    effort the left is undertaking
  • 00:16:59
    diminish the credibility of the
  • 00:17:01
    scientific consensus an action on
  • 00:17:03
    climate change grinds to a halt at a
  • 00:17:06
    conference in Long Island we witnessed
  • 00:17:08
    how these skeptics build their message
  • 00:17:10
    of doubt we once again saw a Fred singer
  • 00:17:13
    because this is a conference mainly for
  • 00:17:16
    medical doctors delivering his message
  • 00:17:18
    to a group of physicians who seemed
  • 00:17:20
    eager to hear it tell me that there
  • 00:17:23
    hasn't been any perceptible trend
  • 00:17:26
    essentially get no warming trend in the
  • 00:17:29
    last 10 years there hasn't been a
  • 00:17:31
    warming we don't know why that is but
  • 00:17:35
    one doesn't see any warming in the
  • 00:17:38
    observations they simply there's no
  • 00:17:40
    trend no warming in the last 10 years no
  • 00:17:44
    long-term trend climate scientists would
  • 00:17:46
    say that's playing games with the data
  • 00:17:49
    you can if you want very carefully
  • 00:17:52
    select the endpoints of your time series
  • 00:17:56
    with the starting month and the ending
  • 00:17:58
    month and you can come up with maybe you
  • 00:17:59
    come up with something that shows no no
  • 00:18:02
    warming in a sense what Dessler is
  • 00:18:04
    saying is that you can do this at home
  • 00:18:06
    on a complex chart depending on the
  • 00:18:09
    beginning points X and ending points why
  • 00:18:11
    you can select the trendline that does
  • 00:18:14
    indeed show temperature going down could
  • 00:18:17
    i pick 10 years of world history and
  • 00:18:20
    show a climate cooling oh you could
  • 00:18:24
    totally do that in fact you could take
  • 00:18:26
    the entire climate history that we have
  • 00:18:28
    in the instrumental record and you could
  • 00:18:30
    find cooling trends every 10 years
  • 00:18:32
    cooling trend between nineteen fifty
  • 00:18:35
    eight and nineteen sixty nine nineteen
  • 00:18:37
    sixty-nine in 1978 1978 in 1987 and so
  • 00:18:41
    on scientists have a name for this they
  • 00:18:45
    call it going down the up escalator you
  • 00:18:48
    pick the end points and you could find
  • 00:18:50
    any particular year as part of a cooling
  • 00:18:52
    year but actually the whole thing is
  • 00:18:55
    we're moving up
  • 00:18:56
    if you look at all the data it's quite
  • 00:18:59
    clear that the warming is continuing so
  • 00:19:02
    the 2000s was the warmest decade on
  • 00:19:04
    record the 1990s was the warmest decade
  • 00:19:06
    before that the 1980s before that and
  • 00:19:09
    most of us in the field of climate
  • 00:19:11
    science expect but we can't be sure we
  • 00:19:13
    expect that the 2010s will be warmer
  • 00:19:16
    than the 2000s against the backdrop of
  • 00:19:18
    all the pressure from skeptic groups
  • 00:19:20
    Congress ordered a comprehensive review
  • 00:19:22
    of climate change research by the
  • 00:19:25
    National Academy of Sciences the
  • 00:19:27
    findings came back even stronger on
  • 00:19:29
    human caused climate change and a
  • 00:19:31
    subsequent study showed ninety-seven
  • 00:19:33
    percent of active climate scientists
  • 00:19:35
    agreed what's settled here on climate
  • 00:19:39
    change virtually every place on earth is
  • 00:19:41
    warming up and people who've tried to go
  • 00:19:46
    back and scrub the data like is there a
  • 00:19:48
    mistake with the way they're making
  • 00:19:50
    these measurements they've all concluded
  • 00:19:52
    no the people who are doing this work at
  • 00:19:56
    the key places around the world are
  • 00:19:58
    agreeing with each other what's the
  • 00:20:01
    bottom line though on human-caused
  • 00:20:02
    global warming I raised my hand and a
  • 00:20:05
    high school science class and you're the
  • 00:20:06
    teacher are humans causing the global
  • 00:20:09
    warming we're seeing what's your answer
  • 00:20:11
    mostly yeah scientists are trying to
  • 00:20:13
    shoot it down all the time and years and
  • 00:20:16
    years and years nobody's been able to so
  • 00:20:19
    at some point you have to say maybe it's
  • 00:20:22
    right here's what the National Academy
  • 00:20:24
    of Sciences report actually says climate
  • 00:20:27
    change is occurring and is largely
  • 00:20:30
    caused by human activities and poses a
  • 00:20:32
    significant risk for a broad range of
  • 00:20:34
    human and natural systems you say that's
  • 00:20:37
    false yes false false and if most of the
  • 00:20:43
    climate scientists believe that
  • 00:20:45
    statement they're deluded yes and you're
  • 00:20:49
    seeing something they're not seeing yes
  • 00:20:51
    so it's ninety-seven percent of them and
  • 00:20:53
    one of you oh well you can put it that
  • 00:20:56
    way if you like but I don't think that's
  • 00:20:58
    the way it works there's hundreds of us
  • 00:21:01
    hundreds thousands of us look 31,000
  • 00:21:05
    scientists and engineers signed a
  • 00:21:08
    statement to the con
  • 00:21:09
    to the what you just read the Oregon
  • 00:21:11
    petition yes the 14 year old petition is
  • 00:21:15
    not exactly an exclusive club a Bachelor
  • 00:21:18
    of Science degree is all it takes to get
  • 00:21:20
    you on the list this document skeptics
  • 00:21:23
    claim counters the scientific consensus
  • 00:21:25
    on global warming now were they all
  • 00:21:28
    scientists yes one-third of them have
  • 00:21:32
    PhDs look they're not specialists in
  • 00:21:35
    Plymouth well somewhere celebrities and
  • 00:21:39
    right it's a time-honored tactic by the
  • 00:21:43
    skeptics authentic-looking documents and
  • 00:21:45
    reports that don't stand up to
  • 00:21:47
    independent scrutiny singer also signed
  • 00:21:50
    the Oregon petition and this is not his
  • 00:21:52
    first time going up against accepted
  • 00:21:54
    science was the science around
  • 00:21:57
    chlorofluorocarbons hyped the science
  • 00:22:00
    around secondhand smoke hyped the
  • 00:22:04
    science around the ozone layer hyped
  • 00:22:07
    going back 10 15 20 years I'm happy to
  • 00:22:10
    discuss all of this since I've been
  • 00:22:12
    deeply involved in these topics are to
  • 00:22:15
    mention let me start with secondhand
  • 00:22:17
    smoke Fred singer is I think
  • 00:22:20
    professional contrarian when I was in
  • 00:22:23
    graduate school I worked on
  • 00:22:24
    stratospheric ozone depletion and Fred
  • 00:22:27
    would call me when I was in grad school
  • 00:22:28
    and talked to me about how he didn't
  • 00:22:30
    think humans were depleting ozone and
  • 00:22:32
    before that he had real questions about
  • 00:22:35
    whether humans were causing acid rain
  • 00:22:37
    and he didn't think that nuclear winter
  • 00:22:40
    was a sit with sound science and he
  • 00:22:44
    really criticized the work that
  • 00:22:46
    connected secondhand smoke two to health
  • 00:22:50
    impacts and now he doesn't think global
  • 00:22:52
    warming is an issue Al Gore making his
  • 00:22:55
    case so is global warming fact or
  • 00:22:57
    fiction let's get to it but Fred singers
  • 00:23:00
    case was bolstered when in November of
  • 00:23:02
    2009 the skeptics got a break that would
  • 00:23:04
    put climate scientists on the defensive
  • 00:23:06
    they falsified results it's the fraud
  • 00:23:08
    stupid to oversimplify it that an
  • 00:23:10
    apparent skin skeptics made the most out
  • 00:23:13
    locker room some stolen email it erupted
  • 00:23:16
    out of more than a thousand hacked
  • 00:23:18
    emails which included scientists
  • 00:23:20
    internal conversations about global
  • 00:23:22
    temperature days people have already
  • 00:23:23
    been revealed as not having any honor
  • 00:23:25
    now they're being revealed as not having
  • 00:23:27
    a sense you suspicious seeming emails
  • 00:23:29
    taken out of context would become
  • 00:23:32
    Climategate us even though nine
  • 00:23:34
    subsequent investigations would find no
  • 00:23:36
    tampering with data the impact of these
  • 00:23:39
    emails would live off even the lady in
  • 00:23:42
    the supermarket has heard of the
  • 00:23:43
    Climategate emails that purport to show
  • 00:23:45
    that scientists have fabricated data or
  • 00:23:47
    manipulated data and that the whole idea
  • 00:23:50
    of global warming has been proven to be
  • 00:23:51
    a hoax that is completely ridiculous
  • 00:23:54
    continuing to use those emails as
  • 00:23:57
    evidence that global warming is not real
  • 00:24:00
    is inaccurate by continuing to use those
  • 00:24:03
    emails to slander the scientific
  • 00:24:05
    reputation not only of those individual
  • 00:24:07
    scientists but of a field as a whole is
  • 00:24:10
    irresponsible documents and internal
  • 00:24:13
    emails coming home Katharine Hayhoe
  • 00:24:15
    personally felt the effects of climate
  • 00:24:17
    gate a climate scientist at Texas Tech
  • 00:24:19
    in the Panhandle she's the lead author
  • 00:24:22
    of a federal research report detailing
  • 00:24:24
    the impact of global warming in the u.s.
  • 00:24:26
    females are real The Associated creature
  • 00:24:29
    the old she spends every Sunday in the
  • 00:24:31
    church where her husband preaches heard
  • 00:24:33
    this first maybe some of us since we
  • 00:24:35
    were this high the perception is often
  • 00:24:38
    that climate scientists are godless
  • 00:24:40
    tree-hugging liberals out to suck all
  • 00:24:42
    the money out of the average person and
  • 00:24:44
    and use it all to fund all of this
  • 00:24:46
    research how much of this is a part of
  • 00:24:49
    your world view my faith is integral to
  • 00:24:51
    who I am that's what defines me not what
  • 00:24:53
    I do on a day-to-day basis and so when I
  • 00:24:57
    study the planet I feel as if I'm
  • 00:24:58
    studying something that God created
  • 00:25:01
    after she wrote a chapter on climate
  • 00:25:03
    change for a book on environmental
  • 00:25:05
    policy a private group suddenly
  • 00:25:07
    requested her emails just before
  • 00:25:10
    Christmas this past year I got my first
  • 00:25:12
    freedom of information act request and
  • 00:25:14
    it was a bit of a shock the charge is
  • 00:25:17
    that you use taxpayers money to engage
  • 00:25:20
    in your personal activism about climate
  • 00:25:23
    change every single professor when
  • 00:25:27
    invited to write a submitted chapter for
  • 00:25:29
    an edited volume to be published by an
  • 00:25:31
    academic press pro bono would say yes
  • 00:25:34
    that's part of our resume that's part of
  • 00:25:36
    what we're asked at the end of each year
  • 00:25:37
    did you write any edited book chapters
  • 00:25:39
    so it's part of our job to do that to
  • 00:25:41
    write stuff yes American tradition
  • 00:25:44
    Institute restoring science
  • 00:25:46
    accountability the group requesting
  • 00:25:48
    Katharine Hayhoe Z males is the American
  • 00:25:50
    tradition Institute the argument behind
  • 00:25:53
    the climate movement that didn't stand
  • 00:25:56
    scrutiny generally here is their chief
  • 00:25:58
    lawyer Chris Horner who wrote the
  • 00:25:59
    request Chris Horner would not speak
  • 00:26:02
    with frontline on camera but a TI told
  • 00:26:05
    us they were just looking for insights
  • 00:26:07
    into how scientists made their
  • 00:26:08
    deliberations texas A&M scientist Andrew
  • 00:26:14
    Destler is an expert on how clouds
  • 00:26:16
    relate to climate change he became a
  • 00:26:19
    target of the American tradition
  • 00:26:21
    Institute after one quote in a front
  • 00:26:23
    page New York Times article Destler
  • 00:26:25
    received a legal request for emails the
  • 00:26:28
    next morning but I actually had the
  • 00:26:30
    first quote in the story and within
  • 00:26:33
    hours of that story coming out the
  • 00:26:35
    university received a FOIA request for
  • 00:26:38
    my email the goal of this was to try to
  • 00:26:41
    find something the emails that would be
  • 00:26:44
    used to embarrass climate science they
  • 00:26:47
    were just rolling the dice was
  • 00:26:49
    completely random they had no reason to
  • 00:26:51
    think that there was anything improper
  • 00:26:53
    but they were hoping to hit the jackpot
  • 00:26:55
    like they did with Climategate as we
  • 00:26:58
    began our reporting a TI requested
  • 00:27:01
    emails climate scientists might have
  • 00:27:03
    sent to frontline you know I don't let
  • 00:27:06
    it stop me I fully expect that after
  • 00:27:09
    this program airs I'll get another FOIA
  • 00:27:12
    request for all of my emails
  • 00:27:15
    and you know that's I'll just deal with
  • 00:27:17
    that I as a climate scientist I think a
  • 00:27:21
    lot about the future it goes with the
  • 00:27:22
    job and I want to make sure that in 50
  • 00:27:25
    years or a hundred years or 200 years
  • 00:27:27
    nobody can ever say we didn't warn them
  • 00:27:32
    this summer at the Washington DC
  • 00:27:35
    defending the dream summit for the group
  • 00:27:37
    Americans for Prosperity they have their
  • 00:27:39
    own warning but where the leftist agenda
  • 00:27:42
    that they believe underlies the climate
  • 00:27:44
    change movement reducing emissions is
  • 00:27:46
    cover for reducing freedom they say and
  • 00:27:49
    they have the means to carry their free
  • 00:27:51
    market message anywhere in the US this
  • 00:27:55
    our 6th annual defending the American
  • 00:27:57
    Dream summit we launched these in the
  • 00:27:58
    fall of two thousand seven it's a great
  • 00:28:00
    way to bring activists together around
  • 00:28:01
    the country to kind of bond to the
  • 00:28:03
    organization and also it's good to have
  • 00:28:07
    a bunch of free-market conservatives in
  • 00:28:08
    DC occasionally as well how does
  • 00:28:11
    free-market conservatives and relate to
  • 00:28:12
    climate change and the scientific
  • 00:28:15
    argument over doesn't to the scientific
  • 00:28:18
    side are very much so relates to the
  • 00:28:20
    policies that the left pushes in the
  • 00:28:22
    name of global warming me ever once in a
  • 00:28:25
    while I'll make a statement about the
  • 00:28:27
    science but that's the tiny percentage
  • 00:28:29
    of what we do and how we spend our money
  • 00:28:30
    you win on the policy you want in the
  • 00:28:32
    science I think so I do this is a
  • 00:28:35
    community of skeptics at the AFP rally I
  • 00:28:38
    ran into Myron Ebell the supportive
  • 00:28:40
    attendee and a speaker why are you here
  • 00:28:43
    well these are the grassroots that you
  • 00:28:46
    know support our side this is
  • 00:28:48
    essentially a more organized form of a
  • 00:28:51
    tea party very bright what a better
  • 00:28:53
    funded you've said we've made great
  • 00:28:57
    headway what it means for candidates and
  • 00:28:59
    the Republican side is if you buy into
  • 00:29:01
    green energy or if you play footsie on
  • 00:29:04
    this issue you do so at your political
  • 00:29:06
    peril you do absolutely and that's a big
  • 00:29:09
    change and it is important again I
  • 00:29:11
    remember 45 or even three years ago John
  • 00:29:14
    a lot of Republicans they would they
  • 00:29:15
    would play games with this it's okay
  • 00:29:17
    well gosh I think I need a green energy
  • 00:29:19
    agenda but I won't go all the way and
  • 00:29:21
    support cap-and-trade they did they try
  • 00:29:22
    to walk down the middle and that's wrong
  • 00:29:24
    I don't
  • 00:29:25
    I think it's philosophically and
  • 00:29:26
    consistent but it's also politically dis
  • 00:29:29
    advantageous and we've worked hard to
  • 00:29:30
    make that so by the way anymore helps
  • 00:29:37
    whatever they told under the direction
  • 00:29:39
    of course one thing we've changed with
  • 00:29:42
    AFP because we now have an army too and
  • 00:29:44
    we can do calls and emails and letters
  • 00:29:47
    and rallies events and pressure and I
  • 00:29:50
    think that's made a big difference we
  • 00:29:51
    outside didn't have that five or six
  • 00:29:53
    years ago on this issue we do now how do
  • 00:29:55
    you think it's a new day for that reason
  • 00:30:00
    this new day has dramatically
  • 00:30:02
    transformed the way lawmakers approach
  • 00:30:04
    global warming on Capitol Hill suddenly
  • 00:30:07
    the news was who wasn't talking about it
  • 00:30:10
    fred Upton who is chairman of the House
  • 00:30:13
    Energy and Commerce Committee he's
  • 00:30:16
    charged with writing regulations that
  • 00:30:18
    would control climate change emissions
  • 00:30:20
    and when I asked him this question do
  • 00:30:23
    you think climate change is causing the
  • 00:30:24
    earth to become warmer and he smiled
  • 00:30:25
    nice guy and said I'm sorry I'm just not
  • 00:30:27
    gonna answer that and he turned around
  • 00:30:28
    and went on to the House floor where I
  • 00:30:30
    can't as a reporter I'm not allowed to
  • 00:30:32
    go coral Davenport reports on energy and
  • 00:30:35
    environmental issues for the National
  • 00:30:36
    Journal for him to say I don't want to
  • 00:30:39
    talk about this is that like the
  • 00:30:40
    chairman of the Armed Services Committee
  • 00:30:42
    saying I don't want to talk about the
  • 00:30:44
    Pentagon yes but i should say that's
  • 00:30:47
    that does seem to be a change in
  • 00:30:50
    chairman Upton's views before he took on
  • 00:30:53
    this leadership fred upton was you know
  • 00:30:56
    has long been a moderate who's worked on
  • 00:30:58
    this issues who's reached across the
  • 00:30:59
    aisle and sit on these issues before he
  • 00:31:01
    became chairman of the House Energy and
  • 00:31:03
    Commerce Committee on his website he had
  • 00:31:05
    the phrase that climate change is a
  • 00:31:07
    problem that was deleted after he became
  • 00:31:09
    chairman of the House Energy Committee
  • 00:31:11
    so we're definitely seeing a shift on
  • 00:31:12
    this chairman Upton declined frontlines
  • 00:31:16
    request for an interview but the
  • 00:31:18
    congressman wasn't the only one not
  • 00:31:20
    talking in 2011.the national journal
  • 00:31:23
    tried to pull all GOP lawmakers on
  • 00:31:25
    climate change I came up with the idea
  • 00:31:27
    to ask every Republican member of
  • 00:31:31
    Congress three simple questions about
  • 00:31:34
    climate change they're very simple
  • 00:31:36
    they're basically you know
  • 00:31:38
    do you think that climate change is
  • 00:31:40
    causing the earth to become warmer
  • 00:31:42
    straightforward how much if any of that
  • 00:31:44
    do you think is attributable to human
  • 00:31:47
    activity and what's the appropriate
  • 00:31:49
    government response and normally
  • 00:31:53
    lawmakers love to answer questions they
  • 00:31:55
    love to opine this was amazing members
  • 00:32:00
    of Congress did not want to answer the
  • 00:32:03
    question they in some cases they just
  • 00:32:06
    said straight up I'm not going to answer
  • 00:32:08
    that in some cases what was really
  • 00:32:10
    amazing is they literally ran into an
  • 00:32:12
    elevator in an elevator closed when I
  • 00:32:15
    asked with their majority in the House
  • 00:32:19
    GOP lawmakers took steps to keep the
  • 00:32:21
    issue from coming up at all including
  • 00:32:24
    dissolving the official House Committee
  • 00:32:25
    on global warming why did you reach out
  • 00:32:28
    only to Republicans on this it's rare to
  • 00:32:30
    find a Democrat who will outright flatly
  • 00:32:32
    question or deny the basic scientific
  • 00:32:37
    precepts of climate change this new
  • 00:32:39
    political environment has been an
  • 00:32:41
    opportunity for lawmakers like
  • 00:32:43
    republican james sensenbrenner of
  • 00:32:44
    wisconsin to claim they are the new
  • 00:32:47
    mainstream view on global warming do you
  • 00:32:49
    believe global warming is caused by the
  • 00:32:52
    activity of human beings partially but
  • 00:32:55
    not completely percentage can't predict
  • 00:32:58
    that thirty percent fifty percent well I
  • 00:33:01
    know it's not zero and I know it's not a
  • 00:33:03
    hundred I can't tell you what number it
  • 00:33:05
    is in between if ninety-seven percent of
  • 00:33:08
    scientists say it is mostly or
  • 00:33:12
    significantly caused by human activity
  • 00:33:14
    what do you say to that they are
  • 00:33:17
    entitled to their opinion but they are
  • 00:33:19
    going to have this will never be settled
  • 00:33:21
    scientifically if 97% consensus doesn't
  • 00:33:25
    settle it for you well I you know I
  • 00:33:27
    think that it's up to the scientists and
  • 00:33:32
    their supporters to convince the public
  • 00:33:33
    that this is the right thing to do and
  • 00:33:36
    the supporters of that side of the
  • 00:33:39
    argument and the Congress have been a
  • 00:33:42
    huge flop
  • 00:33:44
    I visited one of the key Democrats on
  • 00:33:46
    this issue Massachusetts Senator John
  • 00:33:48
    Kerry what had happened to all the
  • 00:33:50
    momentum of four years ago well American
  • 00:33:53
    politics is being completely defined by
  • 00:33:57
    huge sums of money we had really a very
  • 00:33:59
    broad coalition of people who believed
  • 00:34:01
    that we ought to move forward and do
  • 00:34:03
    something but as the campaign of fear
  • 00:34:06
    built up people began to retreat they
  • 00:34:10
    spent huge sums of money in a campaign
  • 00:34:14
    of major disinformation that had an
  • 00:34:17
    impact had a profound impact and it has
  • 00:34:19
    now made many people in public life or a
  • 00:34:22
    gun shy because they're afraid of having
  • 00:34:24
    those amounts of money spent against
  • 00:34:26
    them this is what they fear what
  • 00:34:30
    happened in two thousand and ten to six
  • 00:34:32
    terms South Carolina congressman Bob
  • 00:34:34
    Inglis a Republican who once thought he
  • 00:34:37
    was a safe incumbent in his solidly red
  • 00:34:39
    state you know a pretty conservative
  • 00:34:41
    fella I had a ninety-three american
  • 00:34:42
    conservative union rating 100% christian
  • 00:34:45
    coalition hundred percent national right
  • 00:34:47
    to life a with the NRA zero with the ad
  • 00:34:50
    a americans for democratic action at
  • 00:34:52
    liberal group in 23 by some mistake with
  • 00:34:55
    the afl-cio a demand a recount i wanted
  • 00:34:59
    a zero but english does accept the
  • 00:35:02
    scientific consensus on global warming
  • 00:35:04
    and favors legislation to curb the
  • 00:35:07
    effects of co2 in the atmosphere he
  • 00:35:11
    faced a tea party rebellion in his
  • 00:35:13
    primary i had a big tent gathering in
  • 00:35:16
    Spartanburg County but see Republicans
  • 00:35:19
    underneath a great big tent comes the
  • 00:35:21
    question to me yes or no do you believe
  • 00:35:26
    in human causation on climate change I
  • 00:35:30
    had a bad habit of answering questions
  • 00:35:33
    so I said yes boo hiss comes a crowd
  • 00:35:37
    does it blasted out from underneath the
  • 00:35:39
    tent and so I mean they're a couple
  • 00:35:43
    hundred three hundred people there I
  • 00:35:44
    mean it was intense he was pounded in
  • 00:35:47
    commercials and on talk radio it became
  • 00:35:50
    a off repeated theme
  • 00:35:53
    on talk radio and that is a major source
  • 00:35:56
    of information of course for Republican
  • 00:35:58
    primary voters they were hearing Inglis
  • 00:36:02
    has left the reservation he's over there
  • 00:36:06
    somewhere with Al Gore so how things
  • 00:36:09
    around here has slowed how the economy
  • 00:36:12
    is way open when you get the financial
  • 00:36:16
    collapse going that's what made it
  • 00:36:18
    possible for some well spent money to
  • 00:36:21
    blow doubt into the science because you
  • 00:36:26
    know the bankers failed as ships the
  • 00:36:28
    federal government's failing us it's
  • 00:36:30
    spending too much money and these
  • 00:36:32
    scientists who are funded by that
  • 00:36:33
    federal government they're probably in
  • 00:36:35
    it too and besides their godless
  • 00:36:37
    liberals Inglis was defeated Bob Inglis
  • 00:36:43
    was defeated in a Republican primary
  • 00:36:46
    seventy nine to twenty one percent now
  • 00:36:50
    how many times has an incumbent who
  • 00:36:51
    isn't in prison or facing a prison
  • 00:36:54
    sentence lost his own primary by seventy
  • 00:36:56
    nine to twenty one percent this was
  • 00:36:58
    overwhelming but what's happened is they
  • 00:37:00
    the smile on your face suggests manly 11
  • 00:37:04
    of course we 11 we're on the record and
  • 00:37:08
    our grandchildren or great-grandchildren
  • 00:37:10
    are going to read this climate hearing
  • 00:37:14
    and the lame duck Congress was inglis's
  • 00:37:16
    last your child is sick ninety eight
  • 00:37:20
    doctors say treat him this way to say no
  • 00:37:25
    this other is the way to go I'll go with
  • 00:37:27
    the two you're taking a big risk of
  • 00:37:30
    those kids Thank You mr. Engel it was a
  • 00:37:33
    very key factor in 10 to 15
  • 00:37:36
    congressional districts in the 2010
  • 00:37:39
    election where are strong supporters of
  • 00:37:41
    climate change legislation ended up
  • 00:37:44
    being defeated and there is nothing like
  • 00:37:46
    a loss in an election to promote fear in
  • 00:37:49
    the survivors and that's exactly what
  • 00:37:52
    happened in the United States Congress
  • 00:37:55
    beyond Washington in wave after wave the
  • 00:37:58
    skeptic tactic of fighting scientific
  • 00:38:00
    warnings with doubt and delay was
  • 00:38:02
    finding success Tennessee passed a law
  • 00:38:06
    allowing the views of climate change
  • 00:38:08
    skeptics to be taught in schools a
  • 00:38:12
    Virginia State Legislature cut the words
  • 00:38:14
    sea-level rise from an official request
  • 00:38:16
    to study coastal communities calling it
  • 00:38:19
    a left-wing term go away with almost
  • 00:38:22
    every storm majors here in North
  • 00:38:25
    Carolina a warning from scientists on
  • 00:38:27
    sea level rise would cause politicians
  • 00:38:29
    to try and legislate climate change out
  • 00:38:31
    of existence yes they're here to try to
  • 00:38:35
    protect these houses they're in 2010 19
  • 00:38:39
    scientists on a state commission warned
  • 00:38:41
    of a possible sea-level rise by the end
  • 00:38:43
    of the century get an idea of yeah the
  • 00:38:47
    nature of these doom geologists Stanley
  • 00:38:49
    Riggs was one of the scientists what we
  • 00:38:52
    were asked to do is to develop what what
  • 00:38:56
    is the history of sea level rise and
  • 00:38:58
    what can North Carolina expect 25 years
  • 00:39:02
    from now 50 years from now hundred years
  • 00:39:04
    from now the report said to expect a 39
  • 00:39:07
    inch ocean rise an estimate in the
  • 00:39:09
    middle of a range consistent with other
  • 00:39:11
    predictions for the region 39 inches if
  • 00:39:14
    that comes to pass here everything we'd
  • 00:39:16
    see this town will be underwater the
  • 00:39:18
    Commission's warning was seen as a
  • 00:39:20
    threat by a coastal economic development
  • 00:39:22
    group NC 20 now you had the flood from a
  • 00:39:26
    storm hurricane whatever and that some
  • 00:39:28
    Thomson is the group's chairman they had
  • 00:39:30
    a draft policy which mandated that
  • 00:39:32
    everything be designed and constructed
  • 00:39:35
    to a 39 inch sea level rise people that
  • 00:39:38
    recommended we plan immediately for 39
  • 00:39:41
    inches did not understand the economic
  • 00:39:44
    consequences Thompson is a skeptic
  • 00:39:46
    himself as fears scientists and their
  • 00:39:48
    warnings more than he fears any climate
  • 00:39:51
    change you're not worried I don't
  • 00:39:53
    believe we're gonna have a sea level
  • 00:39:54
    rise anywhere close to that I think
  • 00:39:56
    there are credible scientist out there
  • 00:39:58
    that are saying it's beginning to
  • 00:39:59
    decelerate then
  • 00:40:00
    yeah NC twenties website contains a
  • 00:40:03
    familiar archive of skeptic information
  • 00:40:06
    there's the Oregon petition and a host
  • 00:40:09
    of sources for people looking to doubt
  • 00:40:11
    the scientific consensus people like
  • 00:40:14
    North Carolina State Representative Bill
  • 00:40:16
    Cook who do you rely on I rely on
  • 00:40:21
    whatever size makes good sense you want
  • 00:40:25
    you want to show me the sure so this
  • 00:40:27
    here this here is one of the sources yes
  • 00:40:30
    this is a book by Fred singer and Dennis
  • 00:40:33
    T Avery and what what about this book
  • 00:40:36
    really was meaningful to you well it's
  • 00:40:40
    very factual it tells all the studies
  • 00:40:46
    and gives you a complete bibliography on
  • 00:40:48
    who did what kind of study and where it
  • 00:40:51
    was done and when it was done and how it
  • 00:40:54
    was done this book made better sense to
  • 00:40:57
    me than what I've seen from other
  • 00:40:59
    sources co2 is a gas and it's used by
  • 00:41:05
    all these beautiful trees grass I'm good
  • 00:41:08
    thing it's a good thing cook
  • 00:41:11
    co-sponsored a bill to compel North
  • 00:41:13
    Carolina to disregard scientific
  • 00:41:16
    warnings about climate change it was
  • 00:41:18
    written by state senator david rouser
  • 00:41:20
    well you know I don't necessarily listen
  • 00:41:22
    to any one person and I can't you know
  • 00:41:25
    take off a whole list of scientists that
  • 00:41:26
    are pro sea level rise and a whole list
  • 00:41:29
    of scientists that aren't I'm just
  • 00:41:32
    coming at it from a common-sense
  • 00:41:33
    standpoint the earth has been warming
  • 00:41:36
    and cooling since day one and you know
  • 00:41:40
    the effect own sea level change what do
  • 00:41:44
    we know about it the bill would limit
  • 00:41:46
    authorities to considering historical
  • 00:41:49
    data in their sea level projections the
  • 00:41:51
    future could only be based on the past
  • 00:41:54
    the problem is I mean North Carolina
  • 00:41:56
    Beach fronts are very close to sea level
  • 00:41:58
    you're very close and you're vulnerable
  • 00:42:00
    because of hurricane effects there's a
  • 00:42:04
    storm surges and you're vulnerable
  • 00:42:06
    because of high tides those are
  • 00:42:08
    vulnerabilities don't go away because
  • 00:42:10
    you just legislate them
  • 00:42:14
    [Music]
  • 00:42:15
    when the bill hit the beaches of North
  • 00:42:18
    Carolina it had become so controversial
  • 00:42:21
    that the provision disregarding global
  • 00:42:24
    warming was dropped but the science was
  • 00:42:28
    put on hold for four years there would
  • 00:42:31
    have to be a new coastline study and
  • 00:42:34
    skeptic views would need to be
  • 00:42:36
    considered they're winning well we won
  • 00:42:39
    this one this yeah this was all right
  • 00:42:41
    and we're going to be involved I healthy
  • 00:42:44
    picking some of the scientists and
  • 00:42:45
    command to redo this thang intensive
  • 00:42:47
    they definitely over one sided
  • 00:42:54
    if we have to change with what they're
  • 00:42:57
    saying is that we have to include all
  • 00:42:59
    the naysayers and and all the people who
  • 00:43:03
    say climate change isn't happening that
  • 00:43:05
    sea level isn't rising so it's got to be
  • 00:43:07
    which makes it look like you're just one
  • 00:43:09
    opinion yeah which means you've lost
  • 00:43:14
    well for the moment there's the tester
  • 00:43:18
    right there that ocean will dictate what
  • 00:43:21
    happens the oceans gonna win but for now
  • 00:43:28
    back at the Heartland conference in
  • 00:43:30
    Chicago they feel they're winning their
  • 00:43:33
    campaign of alternative scientific
  • 00:43:35
    studies opinion pieces books and
  • 00:43:37
    advertising charts and presentations has
  • 00:43:40
    been building for years it's been money
  • 00:43:43
    well-spent in the early days much of it
  • 00:43:47
    came from fossil fuel interests
  • 00:43:50
    Heartland presenter Willie soon has
  • 00:43:52
    received money from exxonmobil human
  • 00:43:55
    Chris Horner was formerly a registered
  • 00:43:58
    lobbyist for oil gas and chemical
  • 00:44:00
    companies climatologist Pat Michaels of
  • 00:44:04
    the Cato Institute has estimated forty
  • 00:44:06
    percent of his funding has come from
  • 00:44:08
    fossil fuel interests politics Exxon at
  • 00:44:13
    one time was one of heartlands most
  • 00:44:15
    generous donors there were a lot of
  • 00:44:17
    corporations including oil companies
  • 00:44:19
    that objected to the kyoto accords in
  • 00:44:21
    1997 but most of them lobbied against
  • 00:44:24
    the treaty on economic and fairness
  • 00:44:27
    grounds but Exxon did something that I i
  • 00:44:29
    think was fairly radical which was that
  • 00:44:31
    they chose to go after the science and
  • 00:44:34
    as for carbon dioxide it isn't smog or
  • 00:44:38
    smoke it's what we breathe out and
  • 00:44:40
    plants breathe in borrowing tactics used
  • 00:44:43
    on behalf of the tobacco industry
  • 00:44:45
    advocacy groups were enlisted to confuse
  • 00:44:48
    the issue and shut down new federal
  • 00:44:51
    regulations they call it pollution we
  • 00:44:54
    call it life a lot of these groups were
  • 00:44:56
    run by economists litigators lawyers and
  • 00:44:59
    public policy specialist people who
  • 00:45:01
    specialized in getting a message out
  • 00:45:02
    this
  • 00:45:03
    Group may not have been scientists but
  • 00:45:05
    they were really good at this sort of
  • 00:45:07
    thing well some of them actually came
  • 00:45:08
    out of campaigning on behalf of the
  • 00:45:10
    tobacco industry the explicit goal that
  • 00:45:12
    was written down as part of this
  • 00:45:14
    campaign was let's create doubt create a
  • 00:45:17
    sense of a balanced debate and make sure
  • 00:45:20
    that these lines of skepticism and
  • 00:45:22
    dissent become routinely a part of
  • 00:45:24
    public discussion about climate science
  • 00:45:27
    and in fact they succeeded at that exons
  • 00:45:31
    millions for skeptic groups made it a
  • 00:45:34
    public target which would eventually be
  • 00:45:36
    a problem for a publicly traded company
  • 00:45:38
    when did this become a PR problem on
  • 00:45:42
    some level for Exxon well environmental
  • 00:45:45
    groups signed scientists and later
  • 00:45:48
    members of Congress I became aware of
  • 00:45:51
    this campaigning because it was right
  • 00:45:53
    out in the open at exxon mobil
  • 00:45:56
    shareholder meetings some of these
  • 00:45:58
    activists and dissenters started turning
  • 00:46:00
    up to protest exxon mobil's funding of
  • 00:46:03
    such groups in 2006 new leadership at
  • 00:46:06
    exxon mobil decided to reassess this
  • 00:46:09
    fight the science strategy they reviewed
  • 00:46:12
    some of these free market groups that
  • 00:46:15
    they had been funding and they cut
  • 00:46:16
    funding to the most radical among them
  • 00:46:18
    especially the smaller sort of
  • 00:46:20
    purpose-built groups that were just
  • 00:46:22
    concentrating on attacking climate
  • 00:46:23
    science exxon stopped funding this
  • 00:46:28
    Heartland conference and it sponsors
  • 00:46:30
    five years ago but that didn't stop the
  • 00:46:32
    broader mission of defending the free
  • 00:46:34
    market and ultimately pay off the
  • 00:46:38
    national debt if dealing with global
  • 00:46:39
    warming did not involve intervention in
  • 00:46:42
    the economy would Heartland Institute be
  • 00:46:44
    involved in this that's a that's a
  • 00:46:46
    theoretical question we believe in
  • 00:46:47
    limited government and free markets we
  • 00:46:49
    believe in identifying and implementing
  • 00:46:51
    sound science free market solutions to
  • 00:46:54
    societal problems and that message has
  • 00:46:56
    generated solid financial support for
  • 00:46:58
    activist groups like Americans for
  • 00:47:00
    Prosperity we have over 80,000 activists
  • 00:47:03
    and donors across the country fund AFP
  • 00:47:05
    some big donors sure you bet we're glad
  • 00:47:08
    to have big donors absolutely Exxon I
  • 00:47:10
    wish we had more corporate support
  • 00:47:14
    they don't tend to want to give JFP very
  • 00:47:16
    often they think frankly that were too
  • 00:47:18
    out there on the free market front Koch
  • 00:47:20
    brothers David cooks the chairman of our
  • 00:47:22
    AFP foundation we're glad to have his
  • 00:47:24
    support we don't disclose the level of
  • 00:47:27
    contributions but we're very proud to
  • 00:47:29
    have their support Americans for
  • 00:47:30
    Prosperity we're blessed with just such
  • 00:47:33
    a leader in our chair me david cook with
  • 00:47:35
    money from their oil and gas holdings
  • 00:47:37
    David Koch and his brother Charles along
  • 00:47:40
    with other powerful family foundations
  • 00:47:42
    have quietly become the venture
  • 00:47:44
    capitalists of this free market ideology
  • 00:47:47
    American dream of free enterprise
  • 00:47:50
    capitalism is alive and well the major
  • 00:47:54
    funders of the climate counter-movement
  • 00:47:55
    are ideologically driven foundations
  • 00:47:58
    that are very much concerned about
  • 00:48:00
    conservative values and worldviews
  • 00:48:03
    sociologist and Stanford fellow Robert
  • 00:48:06
    Brule is studying the funding patterns
  • 00:48:08
    of these groups in fact he's noticed a
  • 00:48:10
    new benefactor an entity called donors
  • 00:48:13
    trust whose donors trust donors trust i
  • 00:48:16
    think is a c4 or c3 that's given to us
  • 00:48:20
    absolutely we discovered that nearly
  • 00:48:22
    half of Americans for Prosperity support
  • 00:48:24
    comes from donors trust and do you know
  • 00:48:28
    who's behind it I think the board is
  • 00:48:31
    publicly listed I'm pretty sure they're
  • 00:48:34
    directors are listed but the donors
  • 00:48:36
    aren't from this office on an unassuming
  • 00:48:39
    street in Alexandria Virginia according
  • 00:48:42
    to public records donors Trust has
  • 00:48:45
    become the number one supporter of the
  • 00:48:46
    groups that leave this movement we don't
  • 00:48:49
    know a lot about donors trust it is a
  • 00:48:52
    black box with a few little clues coming
  • 00:48:54
    out here and there but no real image can
  • 00:48:57
    be formed yet donors trust supports
  • 00:49:01
    limited government and free enterprise
  • 00:49:03
    with a promise of anonymity their
  • 00:49:05
    website says for donors who wish to
  • 00:49:08
    safeguard their charitable intent so you
  • 00:49:11
    see this shift from attributable funding
  • 00:49:14
    to anonymous funding which insulates the
  • 00:49:18
    giver from any kind of political fallout
  • 00:49:20
    from their giving is that people were
  • 00:49:23
    organizing around Oh evil ExxonMobil Oh
  • 00:49:25
    evil Koch brothers
  • 00:49:27
    now its donors trust donors capital who
  • 00:49:32
    are they they get money they give it out
  • 00:49:35
    and that quiet money buys a platform for
  • 00:49:39
    people like Christopher Monckton
  • 00:49:42
    scientists who are pushing this gap have
  • 00:49:45
    a political agenda it's a marxist agenda
  • 00:49:49
    course they wouldn't call themselves
  • 00:49:51
    that they call themselves environmental
  • 00:49:53
    green is the new red if you like amidst
  • 00:49:57
    all of the conspiratorial language and
  • 00:50:00
    arguable claims by the skeptics the idea
  • 00:50:03
    of doing something about climate change
  • 00:50:05
    has gotten lost this is not just an
  • 00:50:11
    economic issue or an environmental
  • 00:50:13
    concern this is a national security
  • 00:50:15
    crisis the National call to action from
  • 00:50:18
    just four years ago as Vanek global
  • 00:50:21
    warming demand our urgent attention I
  • 00:50:24
    think the the risks of climate change
  • 00:50:26
    are real and that you're seeing climate
  • 00:50:29
    change I think human activity is
  • 00:50:30
    contributing to it we don't always see
  • 00:50:32
    eye to eye do we Newt no but we do agree
  • 00:50:36
    our country must take action to address
  • 00:50:38
    climate change why would you ever do a
  • 00:50:40
    commercial with Nancy Pelosi I was
  • 00:50:43
    really stupid you believe the global
  • 00:50:46
    warming man-made global warming is real
  • 00:50:47
    as I believe we don't know we don't know
  • 00:50:51
    what's causing climate change there is
  • 00:50:55
    no such thing as global warming the
  • 00:50:57
    science is not settled on this even for
  • 00:51:00
    President Obama action on climate change
  • 00:51:02
    has been only a passing reference in a
  • 00:51:04
    close election campaign
  • 00:51:09
    that issue is not good for them right
  • 00:51:11
    now if you notice the president doesn't
  • 00:51:13
    talk much about it notice I mean I mean
  • 00:51:15
    I've noticed that we make you feel good
  • 00:51:17
    it I think it says a lot about the
  • 00:51:20
    effort and I think it says a lot about
  • 00:51:21
    Americans making a decision it's real
  • 00:51:23
    interesting because we don't hear Barack
  • 00:51:26
    Obama talking much about it I know we
  • 00:51:28
    don't hear Mitt Romney talking much
  • 00:51:30
    about it what if you're wrong what if
  • 00:51:35
    anybody is wrong in this debate what if
  • 00:51:37
    you're wrong then I'll have to say I'm
  • 00:51:39
    sorry and I I wish we could speed up our
  • 00:51:44
    efforts to reverse the policies that we
  • 00:51:47
    have supported here at CEI apologies are
  • 00:51:50
    not in action has consequences high
  • 00:51:54
    temperature records broken by the
  • 00:51:56
    hundred there is now no concerted
  • 00:51:58
    national response to climate change
  • 00:52:00
    wildfire season intentions delay the
  • 00:52:03
    scientific community says is what the
  • 00:52:05
    planet simply can't afford finally
  • 00:52:08
    change is coming it means drought it
  • 00:52:10
    means fire it means suffering the entire
  • 00:52:13
    climate is changing it's affecting our
  • 00:52:15
    energy our water our agriculture and our
  • 00:52:17
    help drought has four stood to drink
  • 00:52:19
    from its last reserves the amount of sea
  • 00:52:22
    ice on the Arctic Ocean 2012 was a
  • 00:52:24
    record low almost receipt we all have to
  • 00:52:27
    start getting used to this kind of thing
  • 00:52:29
    the problem with climate change is that
  • 00:52:32
    I think too many Americans it has seemed
  • 00:52:34
    like a threat not to living generations
  • 00:52:36
    but to future generations and with that
  • 00:52:39
    uncertainty and with the economic
  • 00:52:41
    climate that we are in Americans have
  • 00:52:44
    been unwilling to impose a tax on
  • 00:52:46
    themselves in order to protect
  • 00:52:47
    generations as yet unborn it may be that
  • 00:52:51
    over the next 10 or 15 years Americans
  • 00:52:53
    will reconsider the ideas that were
  • 00:52:56
    profound advise champaner 'he's that
  • 00:52:58
    there's a lot of doubt about all of the
  • 00:53:00
    tenants of this science and follow a
  • 00:53:02
    different kind of intuition which is
  • 00:53:04
    that this is here with us now
  • 00:53:09
    [Music]
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    fraud line continues online with a
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    multimedia timeline that tracks the
  • 00:53:22
    change in public opinion about climate
  • 00:53:24
    change David versus Goliath more from
  • 00:53:26
    those behind the campaign to change the
  • 00:53:28
    scientific and political consensus I
  • 00:53:30
    think that's made a big difference
  • 00:53:31
    examine the media's run by the way not a
  • 00:53:34
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Tags
  • Climate Change
  • Skepticism
  • Politics
  • Global Warming
  • Climate Science
  • PBS
  • 2012 Election
  • Myron Ebell
  • Fred Singer
  • Heartland Institute