PBS Frontline 2012 Climate of Doubt 4
Ringkasan
TLDRThe PBS special 'Climate of Doubt' delves into the controversy surrounding climate change debates during the 2012 U.S. election. It depicts the rise of skepticism and politicization of climate science prompted by organized campaigns and influential figures like Myron Ebell and Christopher Monckton. Despite strong scientific consensus about human-induced global warming, skeptic groups have successfully propagated doubt, aligning with political and economic interests opposed to climate regulation. Events like Climategate and the influence of the Tea Party have fueled public mistrust in climate science. The documentary highlights how this skepticism has impacted political discourse, stalling regulatory efforts despite ongoing environmental changes.
Takeaways
- ๐ Climate change remains a contentious issue in U.S. politics.
- ๐ค Prominent skeptics challenge the scientific consensus on climate change.
- ๐ Doubt about climate science has increased among Americans.
- ๐ช The Tea Party played a role in opposing climate regulations.
- ๐งพ Climategate eroded public trust in climate scientists.
- ๐ฃ๏ธ Public debate shifted from science to economic and freedom concerns.
- ๐ก The media influences public perception of climate change.
- ๐ U.S. climate policy action has been largely stalled.
- ๐ Investigations found no scientific data manipulation despite accusations.
- ๐ Political and economic interests heavily influence the climate debate.
Garis waktu
- 00:00:00 - 00:05:00
The introduction discusses how the perception of climate change has shifted from being a recognized danger to a more contested issue, fueled by campaigns sowing doubt about the science. It also sets up the focus on who is behind this shift and the resulting 'climate of doubt.'
- 00:05:00 - 00:10:00
The scene transitions to Chicago, where an influential conference is promoting skepticism about man-made climate change as a hoax, contrasting with a global focus on security threats. This gathering of skeptics aims to position their views in mainstream American politics by opposing established science and media consensus.
- 00:10:00 - 00:15:00
Political strategies of climate change skeptics are outlined, emphasizing their grassroots appeal and portrayal as underdogs against the elite. They claim success in winning over the American heartland by framing the debate as a cultural battle, relying on a network of contrarian scientists to support their claims.
- 00:15:00 - 00:20:00
Highlighting 2008 as a turning point, skeptics recall being urged to stay silent due to public belief in climate change; instead, they decided to challenge the consensus. They leverage a small group of scientific dissenters, targeting public skepticism and portraying climate change as non-existent or irrelevant, to reshape American opinion.
- 00:20:00 - 00:25:00
Barack Obama's presidency seemed to promise progress on climate change with the promotion of 'cap-and-trade' policies. However, the bipartisan support for these ideas was undermined by ingrained skepticism and political tactics that disrupted consensus, arguing for delay in legislative action due to supposed scientific uncertainties.
- 00:25:00 - 00:30:00
As climate change policy began to stall, opposition intensified. The Tea Party and other skeptic groups leveraged economic and political dissatisfaction to challenge cap-and-trade policies, framing them as harmful to freedom and the economy, thus persuading some lawmakers to oppose government intervention in climate policy.
- 00:30:00 - 00:35:00
Despite numerous investigations debunking Climategate accusations, the incident damaged public trust in climate science. Skeptics capitalized on these events to reinforce their narrative of scientific malpractice and government overreach, further entrenching doubt about climate change and stalling legislative action.
- 00:35:00 - 00:40:00
The film discusses how skepticism toward climate change has succeeded in influencing political discourse, causing lawmakers to avoid the issue. This shift is starkly exemplified by the silence of Republican leaders and the dissolution of Congressional committees focused on global warming.
- 00:40:00 - 00:45:00
Instances of doubt-based strategies in education and local governance exemplify the broader impact on policy. By questioning scientific reports, skeptics gain legislative victories, typified by North Carolina's resistance to coastal planning based on predicted sea-level rise, showing successful integration of skeptic narrative into law.
- 00:45:00 - 00:50:00
The documentary unveils the financial network bolstering the skeptic movement, tracing its roots to fossil fuel industries and libertarian foundations. These networks provide a stronghold for their ideology, promoting free market solutions over scientific consensus, while using sophisticated funding strategies to conceal influence.
- 00:50:00 - 00:55:45
The conclusion underscores the complexity of addressing climate change in the current political climate, highlighting the dramatic shift from proactive discussions to a state where the topic is often avoided. It raises questions about future policy directions amid growing skepticism and ideological battles over scientific facts.
Peta Pikiran
Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan
What is the documentary 'Climate of Doubt' about?
It discusses the skepticism and politicization surrounding climate change leading up to the 2012 U.S. election.
Who are some key figures featured in the documentary?
Key figures include John Hockenberry, Myron Ebell, Christopher Monckton, and Fred Singer.
What role does the Heartland Institute play?
The Heartland Institute organizes conferences and rallies skepticism about climate change being man-made.
What impact did 'An Inconvenient Truth' have on public opinion?
It raised awareness about climate change and increased the perception of its seriousness.
How did skeptics counter the scientific consensus on climate change?
They launched campaigns to cast doubt on climate science, citing uncertainty and alternative viewpoints.
What tactic did skeptics use to challenge climate science?
They promoted the idea of uncertainty in climate science through organized campaigns and reports.
What role did the Tea Party play in the climate debate?
The Tea Party movement contributed to the backlash against climate legislation, citing concerns of economic impact and government overreach.
How did economic factors influence the climate change debate?
Economic concerns, especially during the recession, made it easier for skeptics to challenge climate policies.
What was the significance of Climategate?
Hacked emails were used to argue against the validity of climate science, although subsequent investigations cleared scientists of wrongdoing.
How has the portrayal of climate change in the media changed over time?
The report suggests a shift towards skepticism and political debate over scientific evidence.
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- 00:00:02Halloween is a PBS election 2012 special
- 00:00:06presentation
- 00:00:07[Music]
- 00:00:21the findings are blunt climate change is
- 00:00:24happened in the last election for a few
- 00:00:26seem to doubt that climate change was
- 00:00:28real climate change poses a growing
- 00:00:32danger the risks of climate change are
- 00:00:34real but since then a successful
- 00:00:36campaign has been waged to introduce
- 00:00:38down about the science massive global
- 00:00:41conspiracy to make a certain case do you
- 00:00:43pay scientists enough money they'll find
- 00:00:45what you want them to find they are
- 00:00:46cooking the data scientific malpractice
- 00:00:49do you think the science is being hyped
- 00:00:51on global warming oh very definitely yes
- 00:00:53correspondent John Hockenberry
- 00:00:55investigators the politics have gotten
- 00:00:57to the point where people just don't
- 00:00:59want to listen to science how did it
- 00:01:01happen and who's behind it tonight
- 00:01:04climate of doubt
- 00:01:12frontline is made possible by
- 00:01:14contributions to your PBS station from
- 00:01:16viewers like you thank you and by the
- 00:01:21Corporation for Public Broadcasting
- 00:01:23major funding is provided by the John D
- 00:01:26and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation
- 00:01:28committed to building a more just
- 00:01:30verdant and peaceful world additional
- 00:01:34funding is provided by the Park
- 00:01:36foundation dedicated to heightening
- 00:01:37public awareness of critical issues and
- 00:01:41by the frontline journalism fund with
- 00:01:44grants from Scott Nathan and Laura de
- 00:01:46bonis and Millicent bill through the
- 00:01:48Millicent and Eugene Bell Foundation
- 00:01:51major funding for this program is
- 00:01:53provided by the candida fund
- 00:01:57[Music]
- 00:02:10Chicago is now under full national
- 00:02:13security in fact a no-fly zone is in
- 00:02:15effect that we have some guests in town
- 00:02:18enjoyed some of the festivities yes mama
- 00:02:21and a number of war was a big weekend in
- 00:02:23Chicago last spring the president was in
- 00:02:26town along with the leaders of NATO to
- 00:02:30discuss threats to global security and
- 00:02:31nuclear proliferation at a huge
- 00:02:35convention center the eyes of the world
- 00:02:37were watching but across town in a small
- 00:02:43hotel ballroom the fate of the world was
- 00:02:46also on the agenda the eyes of the world
- 00:02:51might have missed this gap the message
- 00:02:55here is that man-made global climate
- 00:02:58change is a myth a hoax
- 00:03:03this conference is an annual pilgrimage
- 00:03:05for the key skeptics we came here to
- 00:03:09understand how they have made their
- 00:03:10views a mainstream fact of American
- 00:03:13politics they think of themselves as
- 00:03:17rebels up against the biggest players in
- 00:03:19science government and the media when
- 00:03:22the solar are based on public fear of
- 00:03:24global warming and the mainstream media
- 00:03:27is pretty much given up its role as an
- 00:03:29independent reporter on these things
- 00:03:31that has become an advocate if you add
- 00:03:33up all of the resources of our side of
- 00:03:37the debate and all of the resources of
- 00:03:39the other side of the debate this is a
- 00:03:41David versus Goliath story you're doing
- 00:03:43pretty well there are holdouts among the
- 00:03:46urban bicoastal elite but I think we've
- 00:03:48won the debate with the American people
- 00:03:50in the heartland the people who who get
- 00:03:53their hands dirty people who dig up
- 00:03:54stuff gross stuff and make stuff for a
- 00:03:57living people who have a closer
- 00:03:59relationship to tangible reality to
- 00:04:01stuff we need to keep banging away on
- 00:04:03the side Myron Ebell chairs a group
- 00:04:05called the cooler heads coalition one of
- 00:04:08a team of skilled policy advocates
- 00:04:10driving a remarkable turnaround that has
- 00:04:13already changed the US political
- 00:04:15landscape warming isn't in fact
- 00:04:17accelerating in fact there's been none
- 00:04:20for 15 years there's Christopher
- 00:04:23Monckton a big draw at these meetings
- 00:04:24who brings the skeptics to their feet
- 00:04:27every time Republican congressman James
- 00:04:33Sensenbrenner of Wisconsin vice chairman
- 00:04:35of the House Science Committee
- 00:04:38accuse my colleagues and me of treason
- 00:04:40against the plan there's Chris Horner
- 00:04:45from the Competitive Enterprise
- 00:04:46Institute his economic salvation this is
- 00:04:49our way out and James Taylor's senior
- 00:04:51fellow at the Heartland Institute
- 00:04:53organizer of this galleries to be indeed
- 00:04:56Israel in the years prior to 2007 the
- 00:05:002008 elections we actually heard from
- 00:05:02many folks that we should tone it down
- 00:05:04on global warming we should not talk
- 00:05:06about the issue because the court of
- 00:05:08public opinion had already decided and
- 00:05:10we were on the losing end but we believe
- 00:05:12that if we present the case to the
- 00:05:14American people and it resonates if they
- 00:05:16get it then that's going to work its way
- 00:05:18up the the political step letter you've
- 00:05:21really changed the game on global
- 00:05:24warming well I certainly hope so these
- 00:05:26political messengers rely on a small
- 00:05:28group of outspoken scientific
- 00:05:30contrarians like climatologist pat
- 00:05:33michaels of the libertarian Cato
- 00:05:35Institute every paragraph can be
- 00:05:37contented Willie soon is an
- 00:05:40astrophysicist who studies the Sun and
- 00:05:42stars you just found a mechanism to
- 00:05:44transport anything from the tropics to
- 00:05:47the Arctic they cannot fit Northern
- 00:05:49Hemisphere and southern and Fred singer
- 00:05:51the veteran scientist at these
- 00:05:53proceedings he's a retired physicist
- 00:05:56once responsible for government weather
- 00:05:58satellites between the same who tells
- 00:06:00people the climate needs no help from
- 00:06:02worried humans adjustable parameters
- 00:06:04claim it to me has become a non-issue
- 00:06:08it's a phantom issue there's nothing
- 00:06:10wrong with climate it will change no
- 00:06:13matter what we do it'll get colder it'll
- 00:06:15get warmer we just have to wait a little
- 00:06:20singer says he's dedicated to explaining
- 00:06:22his theories about global warming what
- 00:06:24keeps you going what's what's your
- 00:06:26motivation basically I like to see good
- 00:06:29science being done and protected I think
- 00:06:33I'm fighting here for scientific truth
- 00:06:36that's important to me do you think the
- 00:06:38science is being hyped on global warming
- 00:06:41oh very differently yes
- 00:06:44armed with that conviction this team of
- 00:06:47skilled political messengers and
- 00:06:49contrarians has certainly changed the
- 00:06:51game in just four years the number of
- 00:06:55Americans who agree global warming is
- 00:06:57man-made has dropped to about half it's
- 00:07:01a message that is inspiring a new
- 00:07:03generation of skeptics I would like to
- 00:07:05I'm really listen to these scientists
- 00:07:08who payment talking have dedicated their
- 00:07:10lives to debunking on this fallacy so to
- 00:07:15speak once upon a time what these people
- 00:07:18call a fallacy had another name the
- 00:07:21truth you've heard of off the charts
- 00:07:26within less than 50 years it'll be here
- 00:07:29the so-called skeptics in 2006 the film
- 00:07:32An Inconvenient Truth told a disturbing
- 00:07:35story and galvanized public awareness
- 00:07:37about the climate and now to a new
- 00:07:39report on global warming from a
- 00:07:41prestigious panel of scientists convened
- 00:07:43by the UN rim report out today from this
- 00:07:46comprehensive report in 2007 took it to
- 00:07:49another level scientists from 30 nations
- 00:07:52concluded that global warming is
- 00:07:54unequivocal and that human activity is
- 00:07:56mostly the cause when over it it is the
- 00:07:59definitive report on global warming and
- 00:08:01it's frightening I call upon the Peace
- 00:08:06Prize laureate for 2007 Al Gore took the
- 00:08:11UN scientists and former Vice President
- 00:08:13Al Gore would share the Nobel Peace
- 00:08:15Prize the cause had a consensus
- 00:08:19Anna credible leader the skeptics would
- 00:08:24take on both
- 00:08:27I think Al Gore was probably the best
- 00:08:30thing that could happen to global
- 00:08:31warming skeptics for my perspective Al
- 00:08:34Gore was the perfect proponent and
- 00:08:37leader of the global warming alarmists
- 00:08:39because he's very politically divisive
- 00:08:41and controversial I think it was his
- 00:08:43tone and matter he did at a certain
- 00:08:45point come across his holier-than-thou
- 00:08:47that's nothing about Americans they're
- 00:08:49not really big on holier than
- 00:08:52personalizing the attacks was part of an
- 00:08:54approach that was immediately embraced
- 00:08:56and amplified by friendly media is the
- 00:08:59former vice president getting off that
- 00:09:01plane into a town car by the way not a
- 00:09:04hybrid he quotes a failure to recycle
- 00:09:07aluminum cans with the Holocaust he
- 00:09:08wants to be a super hero action figure
- 00:09:11and Myron Ebell was acting on a broad
- 00:09:14strategy he helped create more than a
- 00:09:16decade ago in this 1998 action plan
- 00:09:20victory will be achieved it said when
- 00:09:23the public recognizes uncertainties in
- 00:09:26climate science today at the Washington
- 00:09:31DC headquarters of the Competitive
- 00:09:33Enterprise Institute a free market think
- 00:09:35tank you can see Myron Ebell philosophy
- 00:09:39proudly displayed on the walls they're
- 00:09:41all CEO knows what we're fighting is the
- 00:09:44expansion of government and there are
- 00:09:46many pretexts for expanding government
- 00:09:50opposing government action on climate
- 00:09:52change to defend American freedom is a
- 00:09:55perfect fit we felt that if you concede
- 00:09:58the science is settled and there's a
- 00:10:00consensus you cannot they're the moral
- 00:10:05high ground has been ceded to the
- 00:10:07alarmists so you had to go to work and
- 00:10:09break down this consensus yes and we did
- 00:10:12it because we believed that the
- 00:10:14consensus was phony we believed that the
- 00:10:18so-called global warming consensus was
- 00:10:21not based on science but was a political
- 00:10:24consensus which included a number of
- 00:10:27scientists in 2009 agreement on global
- 00:10:31warming seemed part of the solid wave of
- 00:10:33enthusiasm that elected Barack Obama I
- 00:10:35Barack
- 00:10:36Obama do solemnly swear with the
- 00:10:38changing of the guard in Washington
- 00:10:40there was a bipartisan call to action
- 00:10:42sense of inevitability the president of
- 00:10:46the United States an idea that for years
- 00:10:50had struggled for attention in Congress
- 00:10:52would get its moment of truth so I ask
- 00:10:55this Congress to send me legislation
- 00:10:57that places a market-based cap on carbon
- 00:10:59the president backed the so-called
- 00:11:01cap-and-trade approach a system of
- 00:11:03regulations and financial incentives to
- 00:11:06eventually reduce the emission of carbon
- 00:11:08into the atmosphere it seemed there was
- 00:11:11consensus on climate change there was an
- 00:11:14uneasy consensus but the people who have
- 00:11:20always objected to change had not yet
- 00:11:24really engaged and because of the
- 00:11:27consensus because there was a sense that
- 00:11:29there was going to be movement that
- 00:11:31galvanized the action of the people who
- 00:11:34oppose it the American people hadn't
- 00:11:36focused on these issues until it
- 00:11:38actually came to a vote in Congress on a
- 00:11:40bill to implement these policies today's
- 00:11:43hearing is on the soft consensus for
- 00:11:45taking action ran into the bitter
- 00:11:47partisan divisions in Congress
- 00:11:49congressional hearings on cap and trade
- 00:11:51would become a stage where opposing
- 00:11:53views would get equal time professor
- 00:11:55shred you just heard with dr. micro cap
- 00:11:58and trade lawmakers would call leading
- 00:12:00climate scientists and policymakers to
- 00:12:02make the argument for action now it's
- 00:12:05very clear from that estimate that in
- 00:12:07fact we're in for bigger trouble one of
- 00:12:09the things that we've already seen as
- 00:12:10many observed changes in the climate
- 00:12:12global climate change is a serious
- 00:12:15threat to our national security the
- 00:12:17skeptics had their own witnesses they
- 00:12:19testified that nothing was settled and
- 00:12:22that global warming might actually be
- 00:12:23good for the planet necessary say that
- 00:12:26again carbon dioxide is what is plant
- 00:12:28food it's plant food yeah the testimony
- 00:12:31of the skeptics argued for a time out
- 00:12:33there was enough uncertainty they said
- 00:12:35to justify delay the right response to
- 00:12:39the non problem of global warming for
- 00:12:41slide please is to have the courage to
- 00:12:44do nothing but the fear of catastrophic
- 00:12:46man-made global warming is mistaken this
- 00:12:50demonstration shows that the
- 00:12:51oft-repeated manager in Washington quote
- 00:12:52the science is settled is not true at
- 00:12:55all if climate change skeptics had found
- 00:12:57a seat at the table but the scientific
- 00:13:00consensus still had the momentum when
- 00:13:03cap-and-trade came up for a vote in the
- 00:13:04house in 2009 it passed with eight
- 00:13:08Republicans on board the bill is passed
- 00:13:14the waxman-markey cap-and-trade bill
- 00:13:17passed the House very narrowly 219 to
- 00:13:20212 the members of the Senate who were
- 00:13:23going to take it up in July went home
- 00:13:26for the fourth of July recess and they
- 00:13:29got an earful from their constituents
- 00:13:31you don't trust me
- 00:13:33[Applause]
- 00:13:40[Applause]
- 00:13:43the tea party saw a frightening
- 00:13:46expansion of government in the health
- 00:13:48care plan and the push for cap and trade
- 00:13:56the people of this country were really
- 00:13:58not concerned one way or the other on
- 00:14:00this issue until the economy started
- 00:14:03going south in 2008 was that an
- 00:14:07opportunity to push back on climate
- 00:14:08change the recession it sure was I'm Tim
- 00:14:11Phillips president of Americans for
- 00:14:13Prosperity we're here at Billings
- 00:14:15Montana what part did you play we
- 00:14:18certainly did TV ads radio ads social
- 00:14:20media we did rallies events we launched
- 00:14:23something we called hot air and we're
- 00:14:25sending the message to Senator Baucus
- 00:14:27and Senator text tester to vote no on
- 00:14:29this job-killing tax increasing cap and
- 00:14:32trade we got a pot air balloon put a
- 00:14:35banner on the side of it that said cap
- 00:14:37and trade means higher taxes lost jobs
- 00:14:39less freedom and we went all over the
- 00:14:41country doing a bent and stirring up
- 00:14:43grassroots anger and frustration concern
- 00:14:46and trade will slow the economy and cost
- 00:14:48American jobs Americans for Prosperity
- 00:14:51zeeeee well financed campaign was an
- 00:14:53aggressive electric bill adds that went
- 00:14:55after cap and trade policy can't afford
- 00:14:57the cap-and-trade tax is our jobs and
- 00:15:00said the science was a hoax Congress
- 00:15:02should stop wasting our money and focus
- 00:15:04on real problems isn't it time Congress
- 00:15:06listened to the rest of us in the Tea
- 00:15:08Party's anti-tax anti-big government
- 00:15:10message you could now hear the skeptic
- 00:15:13mantra attacking climate science and cap
- 00:15:16and trade and taxiing America to daven
- 00:15:20our children at some tea party events
- 00:15:22global warming skeptics were a big draw
- 00:15:24gives me great pleasure to welcome Lord
- 00:15:27Monckton
- 00:15:30introduced like a professional wrestler
- 00:15:33Christopher Monckton is a former British
- 00:15:35journalist who admits he has no
- 00:15:37scientific qualifications now we are met
- 00:15:40on a great battlefield of a new civil
- 00:15:45war but here whipping up the crowd is
- 00:15:48his indisputable expertise that in
- 00:15:51American speaks you have a word for
- 00:15:54global warming can someone tell me what
- 00:15:57it is all together global warming is
- 00:16:03events like these fertilized the growing
- 00:16:06public doubt about climate change that
- 00:16:08was beginning to register with senators
- 00:16:10with widespread anxiety over a shrinking
- 00:16:13economy cap-and-trade was tabled in the
- 00:16:16Senate the momentum towards action on
- 00:16:19global warming was vanishing I Alton see
- 00:16:22if ever wonder as an activist on our
- 00:16:24side are you making a difference just
- 00:16:26look at cap-and-trade january of 09 you
- 00:16:28had a president with 60 votes in the
- 00:16:30senate then-speaker Pelosi with a
- 00:16:3250-plus seat majority and cap and trade
- 00:16:34was at the top of their agenda and in
- 00:16:37the end they were beaten you've said if
- 00:16:39we win the science argument I think it's
- 00:16:42game set and match why do you want to
- 00:16:45win the science argument if the science
- 00:16:47argument is one I do think it would pull
- 00:16:51out the final underpinning of this
- 00:16:53legislative effort in this regulatory
- 00:16:55effort the left is undertaking
- 00:16:59diminish the credibility of the
- 00:17:01scientific consensus an action on
- 00:17:03climate change grinds to a halt at a
- 00:17:06conference in Long Island we witnessed
- 00:17:08how these skeptics build their message
- 00:17:10of doubt we once again saw a Fred singer
- 00:17:13because this is a conference mainly for
- 00:17:16medical doctors delivering his message
- 00:17:18to a group of physicians who seemed
- 00:17:20eager to hear it tell me that there
- 00:17:23hasn't been any perceptible trend
- 00:17:26essentially get no warming trend in the
- 00:17:29last 10 years there hasn't been a
- 00:17:31warming we don't know why that is but
- 00:17:35one doesn't see any warming in the
- 00:17:38observations they simply there's no
- 00:17:40trend no warming in the last 10 years no
- 00:17:44long-term trend climate scientists would
- 00:17:46say that's playing games with the data
- 00:17:49you can if you want very carefully
- 00:17:52select the endpoints of your time series
- 00:17:56with the starting month and the ending
- 00:17:58month and you can come up with maybe you
- 00:17:59come up with something that shows no no
- 00:18:02warming in a sense what Dessler is
- 00:18:04saying is that you can do this at home
- 00:18:06on a complex chart depending on the
- 00:18:09beginning points X and ending points why
- 00:18:11you can select the trendline that does
- 00:18:14indeed show temperature going down could
- 00:18:17i pick 10 years of world history and
- 00:18:20show a climate cooling oh you could
- 00:18:24totally do that in fact you could take
- 00:18:26the entire climate history that we have
- 00:18:28in the instrumental record and you could
- 00:18:30find cooling trends every 10 years
- 00:18:32cooling trend between nineteen fifty
- 00:18:35eight and nineteen sixty nine nineteen
- 00:18:37sixty-nine in 1978 1978 in 1987 and so
- 00:18:41on scientists have a name for this they
- 00:18:45call it going down the up escalator you
- 00:18:48pick the end points and you could find
- 00:18:50any particular year as part of a cooling
- 00:18:52year but actually the whole thing is
- 00:18:55we're moving up
- 00:18:56if you look at all the data it's quite
- 00:18:59clear that the warming is continuing so
- 00:19:02the 2000s was the warmest decade on
- 00:19:04record the 1990s was the warmest decade
- 00:19:06before that the 1980s before that and
- 00:19:09most of us in the field of climate
- 00:19:11science expect but we can't be sure we
- 00:19:13expect that the 2010s will be warmer
- 00:19:16than the 2000s against the backdrop of
- 00:19:18all the pressure from skeptic groups
- 00:19:20Congress ordered a comprehensive review
- 00:19:22of climate change research by the
- 00:19:25National Academy of Sciences the
- 00:19:27findings came back even stronger on
- 00:19:29human caused climate change and a
- 00:19:31subsequent study showed ninety-seven
- 00:19:33percent of active climate scientists
- 00:19:35agreed what's settled here on climate
- 00:19:39change virtually every place on earth is
- 00:19:41warming up and people who've tried to go
- 00:19:46back and scrub the data like is there a
- 00:19:48mistake with the way they're making
- 00:19:50these measurements they've all concluded
- 00:19:52no the people who are doing this work at
- 00:19:56the key places around the world are
- 00:19:58agreeing with each other what's the
- 00:20:01bottom line though on human-caused
- 00:20:02global warming I raised my hand and a
- 00:20:05high school science class and you're the
- 00:20:06teacher are humans causing the global
- 00:20:09warming we're seeing what's your answer
- 00:20:11mostly yeah scientists are trying to
- 00:20:13shoot it down all the time and years and
- 00:20:16years and years nobody's been able to so
- 00:20:19at some point you have to say maybe it's
- 00:20:22right here's what the National Academy
- 00:20:24of Sciences report actually says climate
- 00:20:27change is occurring and is largely
- 00:20:30caused by human activities and poses a
- 00:20:32significant risk for a broad range of
- 00:20:34human and natural systems you say that's
- 00:20:37false yes false false and if most of the
- 00:20:43climate scientists believe that
- 00:20:45statement they're deluded yes and you're
- 00:20:49seeing something they're not seeing yes
- 00:20:51so it's ninety-seven percent of them and
- 00:20:53one of you oh well you can put it that
- 00:20:56way if you like but I don't think that's
- 00:20:58the way it works there's hundreds of us
- 00:21:01hundreds thousands of us look 31,000
- 00:21:05scientists and engineers signed a
- 00:21:08statement to the con
- 00:21:09to the what you just read the Oregon
- 00:21:11petition yes the 14 year old petition is
- 00:21:15not exactly an exclusive club a Bachelor
- 00:21:18of Science degree is all it takes to get
- 00:21:20you on the list this document skeptics
- 00:21:23claim counters the scientific consensus
- 00:21:25on global warming now were they all
- 00:21:28scientists yes one-third of them have
- 00:21:32PhDs look they're not specialists in
- 00:21:35Plymouth well somewhere celebrities and
- 00:21:39right it's a time-honored tactic by the
- 00:21:43skeptics authentic-looking documents and
- 00:21:45reports that don't stand up to
- 00:21:47independent scrutiny singer also signed
- 00:21:50the Oregon petition and this is not his
- 00:21:52first time going up against accepted
- 00:21:54science was the science around
- 00:21:57chlorofluorocarbons hyped the science
- 00:22:00around secondhand smoke hyped the
- 00:22:04science around the ozone layer hyped
- 00:22:07going back 10 15 20 years I'm happy to
- 00:22:10discuss all of this since I've been
- 00:22:12deeply involved in these topics are to
- 00:22:15mention let me start with secondhand
- 00:22:17smoke Fred singer is I think
- 00:22:20professional contrarian when I was in
- 00:22:23graduate school I worked on
- 00:22:24stratospheric ozone depletion and Fred
- 00:22:27would call me when I was in grad school
- 00:22:28and talked to me about how he didn't
- 00:22:30think humans were depleting ozone and
- 00:22:32before that he had real questions about
- 00:22:35whether humans were causing acid rain
- 00:22:37and he didn't think that nuclear winter
- 00:22:40was a sit with sound science and he
- 00:22:44really criticized the work that
- 00:22:46connected secondhand smoke two to health
- 00:22:50impacts and now he doesn't think global
- 00:22:52warming is an issue Al Gore making his
- 00:22:55case so is global warming fact or
- 00:22:57fiction let's get to it but Fred singers
- 00:23:00case was bolstered when in November of
- 00:23:022009 the skeptics got a break that would
- 00:23:04put climate scientists on the defensive
- 00:23:06they falsified results it's the fraud
- 00:23:08stupid to oversimplify it that an
- 00:23:10apparent skin skeptics made the most out
- 00:23:13locker room some stolen email it erupted
- 00:23:16out of more than a thousand hacked
- 00:23:18emails which included scientists
- 00:23:20internal conversations about global
- 00:23:22temperature days people have already
- 00:23:23been revealed as not having any honor
- 00:23:25now they're being revealed as not having
- 00:23:27a sense you suspicious seeming emails
- 00:23:29taken out of context would become
- 00:23:32Climategate us even though nine
- 00:23:34subsequent investigations would find no
- 00:23:36tampering with data the impact of these
- 00:23:39emails would live off even the lady in
- 00:23:42the supermarket has heard of the
- 00:23:43Climategate emails that purport to show
- 00:23:45that scientists have fabricated data or
- 00:23:47manipulated data and that the whole idea
- 00:23:50of global warming has been proven to be
- 00:23:51a hoax that is completely ridiculous
- 00:23:54continuing to use those emails as
- 00:23:57evidence that global warming is not real
- 00:24:00is inaccurate by continuing to use those
- 00:24:03emails to slander the scientific
- 00:24:05reputation not only of those individual
- 00:24:07scientists but of a field as a whole is
- 00:24:10irresponsible documents and internal
- 00:24:13emails coming home Katharine Hayhoe
- 00:24:15personally felt the effects of climate
- 00:24:17gate a climate scientist at Texas Tech
- 00:24:19in the Panhandle she's the lead author
- 00:24:22of a federal research report detailing
- 00:24:24the impact of global warming in the u.s.
- 00:24:26females are real The Associated creature
- 00:24:29the old she spends every Sunday in the
- 00:24:31church where her husband preaches heard
- 00:24:33this first maybe some of us since we
- 00:24:35were this high the perception is often
- 00:24:38that climate scientists are godless
- 00:24:40tree-hugging liberals out to suck all
- 00:24:42the money out of the average person and
- 00:24:44and use it all to fund all of this
- 00:24:46research how much of this is a part of
- 00:24:49your world view my faith is integral to
- 00:24:51who I am that's what defines me not what
- 00:24:53I do on a day-to-day basis and so when I
- 00:24:57study the planet I feel as if I'm
- 00:24:58studying something that God created
- 00:25:01after she wrote a chapter on climate
- 00:25:03change for a book on environmental
- 00:25:05policy a private group suddenly
- 00:25:07requested her emails just before
- 00:25:10Christmas this past year I got my first
- 00:25:12freedom of information act request and
- 00:25:14it was a bit of a shock the charge is
- 00:25:17that you use taxpayers money to engage
- 00:25:20in your personal activism about climate
- 00:25:23change every single professor when
- 00:25:27invited to write a submitted chapter for
- 00:25:29an edited volume to be published by an
- 00:25:31academic press pro bono would say yes
- 00:25:34that's part of our resume that's part of
- 00:25:36what we're asked at the end of each year
- 00:25:37did you write any edited book chapters
- 00:25:39so it's part of our job to do that to
- 00:25:41write stuff yes American tradition
- 00:25:44Institute restoring science
- 00:25:46accountability the group requesting
- 00:25:48Katharine Hayhoe Z males is the American
- 00:25:50tradition Institute the argument behind
- 00:25:53the climate movement that didn't stand
- 00:25:56scrutiny generally here is their chief
- 00:25:58lawyer Chris Horner who wrote the
- 00:25:59request Chris Horner would not speak
- 00:26:02with frontline on camera but a TI told
- 00:26:05us they were just looking for insights
- 00:26:07into how scientists made their
- 00:26:08deliberations texas A&M scientist Andrew
- 00:26:14Destler is an expert on how clouds
- 00:26:16relate to climate change he became a
- 00:26:19target of the American tradition
- 00:26:21Institute after one quote in a front
- 00:26:23page New York Times article Destler
- 00:26:25received a legal request for emails the
- 00:26:28next morning but I actually had the
- 00:26:30first quote in the story and within
- 00:26:33hours of that story coming out the
- 00:26:35university received a FOIA request for
- 00:26:38my email the goal of this was to try to
- 00:26:41find something the emails that would be
- 00:26:44used to embarrass climate science they
- 00:26:47were just rolling the dice was
- 00:26:49completely random they had no reason to
- 00:26:51think that there was anything improper
- 00:26:53but they were hoping to hit the jackpot
- 00:26:55like they did with Climategate as we
- 00:26:58began our reporting a TI requested
- 00:27:01emails climate scientists might have
- 00:27:03sent to frontline you know I don't let
- 00:27:06it stop me I fully expect that after
- 00:27:09this program airs I'll get another FOIA
- 00:27:12request for all of my emails
- 00:27:15and you know that's I'll just deal with
- 00:27:17that I as a climate scientist I think a
- 00:27:21lot about the future it goes with the
- 00:27:22job and I want to make sure that in 50
- 00:27:25years or a hundred years or 200 years
- 00:27:27nobody can ever say we didn't warn them
- 00:27:32this summer at the Washington DC
- 00:27:35defending the dream summit for the group
- 00:27:37Americans for Prosperity they have their
- 00:27:39own warning but where the leftist agenda
- 00:27:42that they believe underlies the climate
- 00:27:44change movement reducing emissions is
- 00:27:46cover for reducing freedom they say and
- 00:27:49they have the means to carry their free
- 00:27:51market message anywhere in the US this
- 00:27:55our 6th annual defending the American
- 00:27:57Dream summit we launched these in the
- 00:27:58fall of two thousand seven it's a great
- 00:28:00way to bring activists together around
- 00:28:01the country to kind of bond to the
- 00:28:03organization and also it's good to have
- 00:28:07a bunch of free-market conservatives in
- 00:28:08DC occasionally as well how does
- 00:28:11free-market conservatives and relate to
- 00:28:12climate change and the scientific
- 00:28:15argument over doesn't to the scientific
- 00:28:18side are very much so relates to the
- 00:28:20policies that the left pushes in the
- 00:28:22name of global warming me ever once in a
- 00:28:25while I'll make a statement about the
- 00:28:27science but that's the tiny percentage
- 00:28:29of what we do and how we spend our money
- 00:28:30you win on the policy you want in the
- 00:28:32science I think so I do this is a
- 00:28:35community of skeptics at the AFP rally I
- 00:28:38ran into Myron Ebell the supportive
- 00:28:40attendee and a speaker why are you here
- 00:28:43well these are the grassroots that you
- 00:28:46know support our side this is
- 00:28:48essentially a more organized form of a
- 00:28:51tea party very bright what a better
- 00:28:53funded you've said we've made great
- 00:28:57headway what it means for candidates and
- 00:28:59the Republican side is if you buy into
- 00:29:01green energy or if you play footsie on
- 00:29:04this issue you do so at your political
- 00:29:06peril you do absolutely and that's a big
- 00:29:09change and it is important again I
- 00:29:11remember 45 or even three years ago John
- 00:29:14a lot of Republicans they would they
- 00:29:15would play games with this it's okay
- 00:29:17well gosh I think I need a green energy
- 00:29:19agenda but I won't go all the way and
- 00:29:21support cap-and-trade they did they try
- 00:29:22to walk down the middle and that's wrong
- 00:29:24I don't
- 00:29:25I think it's philosophically and
- 00:29:26consistent but it's also politically dis
- 00:29:29advantageous and we've worked hard to
- 00:29:30make that so by the way anymore helps
- 00:29:37whatever they told under the direction
- 00:29:39of course one thing we've changed with
- 00:29:42AFP because we now have an army too and
- 00:29:44we can do calls and emails and letters
- 00:29:47and rallies events and pressure and I
- 00:29:50think that's made a big difference we
- 00:29:51outside didn't have that five or six
- 00:29:53years ago on this issue we do now how do
- 00:29:55you think it's a new day for that reason
- 00:30:00this new day has dramatically
- 00:30:02transformed the way lawmakers approach
- 00:30:04global warming on Capitol Hill suddenly
- 00:30:07the news was who wasn't talking about it
- 00:30:10fred Upton who is chairman of the House
- 00:30:13Energy and Commerce Committee he's
- 00:30:16charged with writing regulations that
- 00:30:18would control climate change emissions
- 00:30:20and when I asked him this question do
- 00:30:23you think climate change is causing the
- 00:30:24earth to become warmer and he smiled
- 00:30:25nice guy and said I'm sorry I'm just not
- 00:30:27gonna answer that and he turned around
- 00:30:28and went on to the House floor where I
- 00:30:30can't as a reporter I'm not allowed to
- 00:30:32go coral Davenport reports on energy and
- 00:30:35environmental issues for the National
- 00:30:36Journal for him to say I don't want to
- 00:30:39talk about this is that like the
- 00:30:40chairman of the Armed Services Committee
- 00:30:42saying I don't want to talk about the
- 00:30:44Pentagon yes but i should say that's
- 00:30:47that does seem to be a change in
- 00:30:50chairman Upton's views before he took on
- 00:30:53this leadership fred upton was you know
- 00:30:56has long been a moderate who's worked on
- 00:30:58this issues who's reached across the
- 00:30:59aisle and sit on these issues before he
- 00:31:01became chairman of the House Energy and
- 00:31:03Commerce Committee on his website he had
- 00:31:05the phrase that climate change is a
- 00:31:07problem that was deleted after he became
- 00:31:09chairman of the House Energy Committee
- 00:31:11so we're definitely seeing a shift on
- 00:31:12this chairman Upton declined frontlines
- 00:31:16request for an interview but the
- 00:31:18congressman wasn't the only one not
- 00:31:20talking in 2011.the national journal
- 00:31:23tried to pull all GOP lawmakers on
- 00:31:25climate change I came up with the idea
- 00:31:27to ask every Republican member of
- 00:31:31Congress three simple questions about
- 00:31:34climate change they're very simple
- 00:31:36they're basically you know
- 00:31:38do you think that climate change is
- 00:31:40causing the earth to become warmer
- 00:31:42straightforward how much if any of that
- 00:31:44do you think is attributable to human
- 00:31:47activity and what's the appropriate
- 00:31:49government response and normally
- 00:31:53lawmakers love to answer questions they
- 00:31:55love to opine this was amazing members
- 00:32:00of Congress did not want to answer the
- 00:32:03question they in some cases they just
- 00:32:06said straight up I'm not going to answer
- 00:32:08that in some cases what was really
- 00:32:10amazing is they literally ran into an
- 00:32:12elevator in an elevator closed when I
- 00:32:15asked with their majority in the House
- 00:32:19GOP lawmakers took steps to keep the
- 00:32:21issue from coming up at all including
- 00:32:24dissolving the official House Committee
- 00:32:25on global warming why did you reach out
- 00:32:28only to Republicans on this it's rare to
- 00:32:30find a Democrat who will outright flatly
- 00:32:32question or deny the basic scientific
- 00:32:37precepts of climate change this new
- 00:32:39political environment has been an
- 00:32:41opportunity for lawmakers like
- 00:32:43republican james sensenbrenner of
- 00:32:44wisconsin to claim they are the new
- 00:32:47mainstream view on global warming do you
- 00:32:49believe global warming is caused by the
- 00:32:52activity of human beings partially but
- 00:32:55not completely percentage can't predict
- 00:32:58that thirty percent fifty percent well I
- 00:33:01know it's not zero and I know it's not a
- 00:33:03hundred I can't tell you what number it
- 00:33:05is in between if ninety-seven percent of
- 00:33:08scientists say it is mostly or
- 00:33:12significantly caused by human activity
- 00:33:14what do you say to that they are
- 00:33:17entitled to their opinion but they are
- 00:33:19going to have this will never be settled
- 00:33:21scientifically if 97% consensus doesn't
- 00:33:25settle it for you well I you know I
- 00:33:27think that it's up to the scientists and
- 00:33:32their supporters to convince the public
- 00:33:33that this is the right thing to do and
- 00:33:36the supporters of that side of the
- 00:33:39argument and the Congress have been a
- 00:33:42huge flop
- 00:33:44I visited one of the key Democrats on
- 00:33:46this issue Massachusetts Senator John
- 00:33:48Kerry what had happened to all the
- 00:33:50momentum of four years ago well American
- 00:33:53politics is being completely defined by
- 00:33:57huge sums of money we had really a very
- 00:33:59broad coalition of people who believed
- 00:34:01that we ought to move forward and do
- 00:34:03something but as the campaign of fear
- 00:34:06built up people began to retreat they
- 00:34:10spent huge sums of money in a campaign
- 00:34:14of major disinformation that had an
- 00:34:17impact had a profound impact and it has
- 00:34:19now made many people in public life or a
- 00:34:22gun shy because they're afraid of having
- 00:34:24those amounts of money spent against
- 00:34:26them this is what they fear what
- 00:34:30happened in two thousand and ten to six
- 00:34:32terms South Carolina congressman Bob
- 00:34:34Inglis a Republican who once thought he
- 00:34:37was a safe incumbent in his solidly red
- 00:34:39state you know a pretty conservative
- 00:34:41fella I had a ninety-three american
- 00:34:42conservative union rating 100% christian
- 00:34:45coalition hundred percent national right
- 00:34:47to life a with the NRA zero with the ad
- 00:34:50a americans for democratic action at
- 00:34:52liberal group in 23 by some mistake with
- 00:34:55the afl-cio a demand a recount i wanted
- 00:34:59a zero but english does accept the
- 00:35:02scientific consensus on global warming
- 00:35:04and favors legislation to curb the
- 00:35:07effects of co2 in the atmosphere he
- 00:35:11faced a tea party rebellion in his
- 00:35:13primary i had a big tent gathering in
- 00:35:16Spartanburg County but see Republicans
- 00:35:19underneath a great big tent comes the
- 00:35:21question to me yes or no do you believe
- 00:35:26in human causation on climate change I
- 00:35:30had a bad habit of answering questions
- 00:35:33so I said yes boo hiss comes a crowd
- 00:35:37does it blasted out from underneath the
- 00:35:39tent and so I mean they're a couple
- 00:35:43hundred three hundred people there I
- 00:35:44mean it was intense he was pounded in
- 00:35:47commercials and on talk radio it became
- 00:35:50a off repeated theme
- 00:35:53on talk radio and that is a major source
- 00:35:56of information of course for Republican
- 00:35:58primary voters they were hearing Inglis
- 00:36:02has left the reservation he's over there
- 00:36:06somewhere with Al Gore so how things
- 00:36:09around here has slowed how the economy
- 00:36:12is way open when you get the financial
- 00:36:16collapse going that's what made it
- 00:36:18possible for some well spent money to
- 00:36:21blow doubt into the science because you
- 00:36:26know the bankers failed as ships the
- 00:36:28federal government's failing us it's
- 00:36:30spending too much money and these
- 00:36:32scientists who are funded by that
- 00:36:33federal government they're probably in
- 00:36:35it too and besides their godless
- 00:36:37liberals Inglis was defeated Bob Inglis
- 00:36:43was defeated in a Republican primary
- 00:36:46seventy nine to twenty one percent now
- 00:36:50how many times has an incumbent who
- 00:36:51isn't in prison or facing a prison
- 00:36:54sentence lost his own primary by seventy
- 00:36:56nine to twenty one percent this was
- 00:36:58overwhelming but what's happened is they
- 00:37:00the smile on your face suggests manly 11
- 00:37:04of course we 11 we're on the record and
- 00:37:08our grandchildren or great-grandchildren
- 00:37:10are going to read this climate hearing
- 00:37:14and the lame duck Congress was inglis's
- 00:37:16last your child is sick ninety eight
- 00:37:20doctors say treat him this way to say no
- 00:37:25this other is the way to go I'll go with
- 00:37:27the two you're taking a big risk of
- 00:37:30those kids Thank You mr. Engel it was a
- 00:37:33very key factor in 10 to 15
- 00:37:36congressional districts in the 2010
- 00:37:39election where are strong supporters of
- 00:37:41climate change legislation ended up
- 00:37:44being defeated and there is nothing like
- 00:37:46a loss in an election to promote fear in
- 00:37:49the survivors and that's exactly what
- 00:37:52happened in the United States Congress
- 00:37:55beyond Washington in wave after wave the
- 00:37:58skeptic tactic of fighting scientific
- 00:38:00warnings with doubt and delay was
- 00:38:02finding success Tennessee passed a law
- 00:38:06allowing the views of climate change
- 00:38:08skeptics to be taught in schools a
- 00:38:12Virginia State Legislature cut the words
- 00:38:14sea-level rise from an official request
- 00:38:16to study coastal communities calling it
- 00:38:19a left-wing term go away with almost
- 00:38:22every storm majors here in North
- 00:38:25Carolina a warning from scientists on
- 00:38:27sea level rise would cause politicians
- 00:38:29to try and legislate climate change out
- 00:38:31of existence yes they're here to try to
- 00:38:35protect these houses they're in 2010 19
- 00:38:39scientists on a state commission warned
- 00:38:41of a possible sea-level rise by the end
- 00:38:43of the century get an idea of yeah the
- 00:38:47nature of these doom geologists Stanley
- 00:38:49Riggs was one of the scientists what we
- 00:38:52were asked to do is to develop what what
- 00:38:56is the history of sea level rise and
- 00:38:58what can North Carolina expect 25 years
- 00:39:02from now 50 years from now hundred years
- 00:39:04from now the report said to expect a 39
- 00:39:07inch ocean rise an estimate in the
- 00:39:09middle of a range consistent with other
- 00:39:11predictions for the region 39 inches if
- 00:39:14that comes to pass here everything we'd
- 00:39:16see this town will be underwater the
- 00:39:18Commission's warning was seen as a
- 00:39:20threat by a coastal economic development
- 00:39:22group NC 20 now you had the flood from a
- 00:39:26storm hurricane whatever and that some
- 00:39:28Thomson is the group's chairman they had
- 00:39:30a draft policy which mandated that
- 00:39:32everything be designed and constructed
- 00:39:35to a 39 inch sea level rise people that
- 00:39:38recommended we plan immediately for 39
- 00:39:41inches did not understand the economic
- 00:39:44consequences Thompson is a skeptic
- 00:39:46himself as fears scientists and their
- 00:39:48warnings more than he fears any climate
- 00:39:51change you're not worried I don't
- 00:39:53believe we're gonna have a sea level
- 00:39:54rise anywhere close to that I think
- 00:39:56there are credible scientist out there
- 00:39:58that are saying it's beginning to
- 00:39:59decelerate then
- 00:40:00yeah NC twenties website contains a
- 00:40:03familiar archive of skeptic information
- 00:40:06there's the Oregon petition and a host
- 00:40:09of sources for people looking to doubt
- 00:40:11the scientific consensus people like
- 00:40:14North Carolina State Representative Bill
- 00:40:16Cook who do you rely on I rely on
- 00:40:21whatever size makes good sense you want
- 00:40:25you want to show me the sure so this
- 00:40:27here this here is one of the sources yes
- 00:40:30this is a book by Fred singer and Dennis
- 00:40:33T Avery and what what about this book
- 00:40:36really was meaningful to you well it's
- 00:40:40very factual it tells all the studies
- 00:40:46and gives you a complete bibliography on
- 00:40:48who did what kind of study and where it
- 00:40:51was done and when it was done and how it
- 00:40:54was done this book made better sense to
- 00:40:57me than what I've seen from other
- 00:40:59sources co2 is a gas and it's used by
- 00:41:05all these beautiful trees grass I'm good
- 00:41:08thing it's a good thing cook
- 00:41:11co-sponsored a bill to compel North
- 00:41:13Carolina to disregard scientific
- 00:41:16warnings about climate change it was
- 00:41:18written by state senator david rouser
- 00:41:20well you know I don't necessarily listen
- 00:41:22to any one person and I can't you know
- 00:41:25take off a whole list of scientists that
- 00:41:26are pro sea level rise and a whole list
- 00:41:29of scientists that aren't I'm just
- 00:41:32coming at it from a common-sense
- 00:41:33standpoint the earth has been warming
- 00:41:36and cooling since day one and you know
- 00:41:40the effect own sea level change what do
- 00:41:44we know about it the bill would limit
- 00:41:46authorities to considering historical
- 00:41:49data in their sea level projections the
- 00:41:51future could only be based on the past
- 00:41:54the problem is I mean North Carolina
- 00:41:56Beach fronts are very close to sea level
- 00:41:58you're very close and you're vulnerable
- 00:42:00because of hurricane effects there's a
- 00:42:04storm surges and you're vulnerable
- 00:42:06because of high tides those are
- 00:42:08vulnerabilities don't go away because
- 00:42:10you just legislate them
- 00:42:14[Music]
- 00:42:15when the bill hit the beaches of North
- 00:42:18Carolina it had become so controversial
- 00:42:21that the provision disregarding global
- 00:42:24warming was dropped but the science was
- 00:42:28put on hold for four years there would
- 00:42:31have to be a new coastline study and
- 00:42:34skeptic views would need to be
- 00:42:36considered they're winning well we won
- 00:42:39this one this yeah this was all right
- 00:42:41and we're going to be involved I healthy
- 00:42:44picking some of the scientists and
- 00:42:45command to redo this thang intensive
- 00:42:47they definitely over one sided
- 00:42:54if we have to change with what they're
- 00:42:57saying is that we have to include all
- 00:42:59the naysayers and and all the people who
- 00:43:03say climate change isn't happening that
- 00:43:05sea level isn't rising so it's got to be
- 00:43:07which makes it look like you're just one
- 00:43:09opinion yeah which means you've lost
- 00:43:14well for the moment there's the tester
- 00:43:18right there that ocean will dictate what
- 00:43:21happens the oceans gonna win but for now
- 00:43:28back at the Heartland conference in
- 00:43:30Chicago they feel they're winning their
- 00:43:33campaign of alternative scientific
- 00:43:35studies opinion pieces books and
- 00:43:37advertising charts and presentations has
- 00:43:40been building for years it's been money
- 00:43:43well-spent in the early days much of it
- 00:43:47came from fossil fuel interests
- 00:43:50Heartland presenter Willie soon has
- 00:43:52received money from exxonmobil human
- 00:43:55Chris Horner was formerly a registered
- 00:43:58lobbyist for oil gas and chemical
- 00:44:00companies climatologist Pat Michaels of
- 00:44:04the Cato Institute has estimated forty
- 00:44:06percent of his funding has come from
- 00:44:08fossil fuel interests politics Exxon at
- 00:44:13one time was one of heartlands most
- 00:44:15generous donors there were a lot of
- 00:44:17corporations including oil companies
- 00:44:19that objected to the kyoto accords in
- 00:44:211997 but most of them lobbied against
- 00:44:24the treaty on economic and fairness
- 00:44:27grounds but Exxon did something that I i
- 00:44:29think was fairly radical which was that
- 00:44:31they chose to go after the science and
- 00:44:34as for carbon dioxide it isn't smog or
- 00:44:38smoke it's what we breathe out and
- 00:44:40plants breathe in borrowing tactics used
- 00:44:43on behalf of the tobacco industry
- 00:44:45advocacy groups were enlisted to confuse
- 00:44:48the issue and shut down new federal
- 00:44:51regulations they call it pollution we
- 00:44:54call it life a lot of these groups were
- 00:44:56run by economists litigators lawyers and
- 00:44:59public policy specialist people who
- 00:45:01specialized in getting a message out
- 00:45:02this
- 00:45:03Group may not have been scientists but
- 00:45:05they were really good at this sort of
- 00:45:07thing well some of them actually came
- 00:45:08out of campaigning on behalf of the
- 00:45:10tobacco industry the explicit goal that
- 00:45:12was written down as part of this
- 00:45:14campaign was let's create doubt create a
- 00:45:17sense of a balanced debate and make sure
- 00:45:20that these lines of skepticism and
- 00:45:22dissent become routinely a part of
- 00:45:24public discussion about climate science
- 00:45:27and in fact they succeeded at that exons
- 00:45:31millions for skeptic groups made it a
- 00:45:34public target which would eventually be
- 00:45:36a problem for a publicly traded company
- 00:45:38when did this become a PR problem on
- 00:45:42some level for Exxon well environmental
- 00:45:45groups signed scientists and later
- 00:45:48members of Congress I became aware of
- 00:45:51this campaigning because it was right
- 00:45:53out in the open at exxon mobil
- 00:45:56shareholder meetings some of these
- 00:45:58activists and dissenters started turning
- 00:46:00up to protest exxon mobil's funding of
- 00:46:03such groups in 2006 new leadership at
- 00:46:06exxon mobil decided to reassess this
- 00:46:09fight the science strategy they reviewed
- 00:46:12some of these free market groups that
- 00:46:15they had been funding and they cut
- 00:46:16funding to the most radical among them
- 00:46:18especially the smaller sort of
- 00:46:20purpose-built groups that were just
- 00:46:22concentrating on attacking climate
- 00:46:23science exxon stopped funding this
- 00:46:28Heartland conference and it sponsors
- 00:46:30five years ago but that didn't stop the
- 00:46:32broader mission of defending the free
- 00:46:34market and ultimately pay off the
- 00:46:38national debt if dealing with global
- 00:46:39warming did not involve intervention in
- 00:46:42the economy would Heartland Institute be
- 00:46:44involved in this that's a that's a
- 00:46:46theoretical question we believe in
- 00:46:47limited government and free markets we
- 00:46:49believe in identifying and implementing
- 00:46:51sound science free market solutions to
- 00:46:54societal problems and that message has
- 00:46:56generated solid financial support for
- 00:46:58activist groups like Americans for
- 00:47:00Prosperity we have over 80,000 activists
- 00:47:03and donors across the country fund AFP
- 00:47:05some big donors sure you bet we're glad
- 00:47:08to have big donors absolutely Exxon I
- 00:47:10wish we had more corporate support
- 00:47:14they don't tend to want to give JFP very
- 00:47:16often they think frankly that were too
- 00:47:18out there on the free market front Koch
- 00:47:20brothers David cooks the chairman of our
- 00:47:22AFP foundation we're glad to have his
- 00:47:24support we don't disclose the level of
- 00:47:27contributions but we're very proud to
- 00:47:29have their support Americans for
- 00:47:30Prosperity we're blessed with just such
- 00:47:33a leader in our chair me david cook with
- 00:47:35money from their oil and gas holdings
- 00:47:37David Koch and his brother Charles along
- 00:47:40with other powerful family foundations
- 00:47:42have quietly become the venture
- 00:47:44capitalists of this free market ideology
- 00:47:47American dream of free enterprise
- 00:47:50capitalism is alive and well the major
- 00:47:54funders of the climate counter-movement
- 00:47:55are ideologically driven foundations
- 00:47:58that are very much concerned about
- 00:48:00conservative values and worldviews
- 00:48:03sociologist and Stanford fellow Robert
- 00:48:06Brule is studying the funding patterns
- 00:48:08of these groups in fact he's noticed a
- 00:48:10new benefactor an entity called donors
- 00:48:13trust whose donors trust donors trust i
- 00:48:16think is a c4 or c3 that's given to us
- 00:48:20absolutely we discovered that nearly
- 00:48:22half of Americans for Prosperity support
- 00:48:24comes from donors trust and do you know
- 00:48:28who's behind it I think the board is
- 00:48:31publicly listed I'm pretty sure they're
- 00:48:34directors are listed but the donors
- 00:48:36aren't from this office on an unassuming
- 00:48:39street in Alexandria Virginia according
- 00:48:42to public records donors Trust has
- 00:48:45become the number one supporter of the
- 00:48:46groups that leave this movement we don't
- 00:48:49know a lot about donors trust it is a
- 00:48:52black box with a few little clues coming
- 00:48:54out here and there but no real image can
- 00:48:57be formed yet donors trust supports
- 00:49:01limited government and free enterprise
- 00:49:03with a promise of anonymity their
- 00:49:05website says for donors who wish to
- 00:49:08safeguard their charitable intent so you
- 00:49:11see this shift from attributable funding
- 00:49:14to anonymous funding which insulates the
- 00:49:18giver from any kind of political fallout
- 00:49:20from their giving is that people were
- 00:49:23organizing around Oh evil ExxonMobil Oh
- 00:49:25evil Koch brothers
- 00:49:27now its donors trust donors capital who
- 00:49:32are they they get money they give it out
- 00:49:35and that quiet money buys a platform for
- 00:49:39people like Christopher Monckton
- 00:49:42scientists who are pushing this gap have
- 00:49:45a political agenda it's a marxist agenda
- 00:49:49course they wouldn't call themselves
- 00:49:51that they call themselves environmental
- 00:49:53green is the new red if you like amidst
- 00:49:57all of the conspiratorial language and
- 00:50:00arguable claims by the skeptics the idea
- 00:50:03of doing something about climate change
- 00:50:05has gotten lost this is not just an
- 00:50:11economic issue or an environmental
- 00:50:13concern this is a national security
- 00:50:15crisis the National call to action from
- 00:50:18just four years ago as Vanek global
- 00:50:21warming demand our urgent attention I
- 00:50:24think the the risks of climate change
- 00:50:26are real and that you're seeing climate
- 00:50:29change I think human activity is
- 00:50:30contributing to it we don't always see
- 00:50:32eye to eye do we Newt no but we do agree
- 00:50:36our country must take action to address
- 00:50:38climate change why would you ever do a
- 00:50:40commercial with Nancy Pelosi I was
- 00:50:43really stupid you believe the global
- 00:50:46warming man-made global warming is real
- 00:50:47as I believe we don't know we don't know
- 00:50:51what's causing climate change there is
- 00:50:55no such thing as global warming the
- 00:50:57science is not settled on this even for
- 00:51:00President Obama action on climate change
- 00:51:02has been only a passing reference in a
- 00:51:04close election campaign
- 00:51:09that issue is not good for them right
- 00:51:11now if you notice the president doesn't
- 00:51:13talk much about it notice I mean I mean
- 00:51:15I've noticed that we make you feel good
- 00:51:17it I think it says a lot about the
- 00:51:20effort and I think it says a lot about
- 00:51:21Americans making a decision it's real
- 00:51:23interesting because we don't hear Barack
- 00:51:26Obama talking much about it I know we
- 00:51:28don't hear Mitt Romney talking much
- 00:51:30about it what if you're wrong what if
- 00:51:35anybody is wrong in this debate what if
- 00:51:37you're wrong then I'll have to say I'm
- 00:51:39sorry and I I wish we could speed up our
- 00:51:44efforts to reverse the policies that we
- 00:51:47have supported here at CEI apologies are
- 00:51:50not in action has consequences high
- 00:51:54temperature records broken by the
- 00:51:56hundred there is now no concerted
- 00:51:58national response to climate change
- 00:52:00wildfire season intentions delay the
- 00:52:03scientific community says is what the
- 00:52:05planet simply can't afford finally
- 00:52:08change is coming it means drought it
- 00:52:10means fire it means suffering the entire
- 00:52:13climate is changing it's affecting our
- 00:52:15energy our water our agriculture and our
- 00:52:17help drought has four stood to drink
- 00:52:19from its last reserves the amount of sea
- 00:52:22ice on the Arctic Ocean 2012 was a
- 00:52:24record low almost receipt we all have to
- 00:52:27start getting used to this kind of thing
- 00:52:29the problem with climate change is that
- 00:52:32I think too many Americans it has seemed
- 00:52:34like a threat not to living generations
- 00:52:36but to future generations and with that
- 00:52:39uncertainty and with the economic
- 00:52:41climate that we are in Americans have
- 00:52:44been unwilling to impose a tax on
- 00:52:46themselves in order to protect
- 00:52:47generations as yet unborn it may be that
- 00:52:51over the next 10 or 15 years Americans
- 00:52:53will reconsider the ideas that were
- 00:52:56profound advise champaner 'he's that
- 00:52:58there's a lot of doubt about all of the
- 00:53:00tenants of this science and follow a
- 00:53:02different kind of intuition which is
- 00:53:04that this is here with us now
- 00:53:09[Music]
- 00:53:17fraud line continues online with a
- 00:53:20multimedia timeline that tracks the
- 00:53:22change in public opinion about climate
- 00:53:24change David versus Goliath more from
- 00:53:26those behind the campaign to change the
- 00:53:28scientific and political consensus I
- 00:53:30think that's made a big difference
- 00:53:31examine the media's run by the way not a
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