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hello scientists
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i am gonzon teacher paul gonzone
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and i am now we are
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your adventure partners well partner
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i think this lesson for sure will be
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doubled
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in fun and dirty
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[Music]
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[Music]
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come and join us as we blast off the
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time machine
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for you learning come on start the
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machine
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hurry
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[Music]
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come on and join us and let our earth
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imagineer our lesson
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is for you to master the nature of earth
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and life science
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intended for grade 11 senior high school
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today we will teleport to the past
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exploring the geologic time scale
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relative
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and absolute dating and geologic
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timeline
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for us to be guided in our lessons here
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are our objectives
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one name and characterize each major
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division
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and subdivision in the geologic time
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scale and describe
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how relative and absolute dating provide
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evidence of geologic history
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number two define fossils in each type
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and determine how they are used to track
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geologic history
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before we proceed here are our reminders
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check your prior knowledge of the lesson
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from your junior high school science
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subject
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listen and pay attention to the details
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and bring with you your paper and pen
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for jotting down the important concepts
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in our lessons
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[Music]
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where did you take us
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oh i really don't know
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what is that
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oh that is nothing
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perhaps
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hey that's a meteor
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it looks beautiful
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and it's coming this way do something
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wait what if we see the t-rex again
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mom say we're gonna need to answer some
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questions again
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what come on what are the questions
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quick it's getting closer
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what type of rocks are fossils made of
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a igneous rock b
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sedimentary rock c metamorphic rock
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d all of the above
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the answer is b sedimentary rock
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am i right cool
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what do you call the person who studies
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fossils
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and ancient life a
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biologist b
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archaeologist c
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anthropologist d
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paleontologist
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what do you think is the answer
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hurry
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oh yes you got it it's letter d
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paleontologist
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what do you call the process by which
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the remains of ancient living things
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are turned into rock
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a fertilization b
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fossilization c
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fragmentation and d
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metamorphosis
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whoa this one is easy right
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the correct answer is fossilization
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letter b
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what a relief look at the size of that
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thing
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sir paul since you paused the meteor
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from striking
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do you have any idea where we are i
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think
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we're a long way from our present time
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gee
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you think i think we are in the mesozoic
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era
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era do you know what she's talking about
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adventurers
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yes era have you heard about the earth's
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history
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through its geologic records and
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timeline
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oh i remember earth's
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history including its rock strata the
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rock studies
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and discoveries as well as the fossils
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are preserved
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in one of the most important materials
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known as geologic record
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the geologic time scale is a very
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important concept in geology
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because it serves as a standard timeline
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that is used to describe the age of
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rocks
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fossils and events that form them
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correct knowing about how life began in
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the past
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and the events and principles behind
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earth's history
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enables us to better adapt to the
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changes or consequences
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that we might encounter or experience in
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the near future
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as a part of the new generation we
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should be appreciative
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and accepting of that fact that all the
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things that are present
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in our time are the outcomes of earth's
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history
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so you mean this nature that's about to
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destroy all the living things
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during this time is a good thing because
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it is a part of the earth's past
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just imagine your present life living
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with dinosaurs right
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no hey wake up
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they're waiting for our next adventure
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built learning come on
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adventurers do you still remember our
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previous topic
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on relative and absolute dating
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we will need your help to identify the
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things that happened in our related past
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experiences
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here are the four scenarios that have
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happened earlier
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can you help me to identify the correct
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sequence of the following events
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for us to determine which scenario
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brought us to this exact location
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that we are in right now let's start
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the first thing to happen is perez
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run away because of the t-rex how about
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the second one
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oh yes so a miniature in the sky
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very good the third one is
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use the portal to go to another time in
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the past
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and last imagine the t-rex
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very good see now i know you're all
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paying attention
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the lesson here is that all of the
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things that have happened in the past
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has led us to our future this
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is how geologists studied the history of
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our planet
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by finding clues and specific scenarios
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where can we find those clues well
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my partner will explain it to you
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partner
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since the beginning geologists have been
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studying the earth to unwrap the secrets
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of the past they have been analyzing
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rough
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samples gathered from different
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continents in the world
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including its layers and its correlation
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to fossils
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this is the clue that sir paul was
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talking about
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earlier it all comes down to rock
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samples
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with evidence from the past
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sir paul let's discuss the contents
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of the geologic time scale to our
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adventurers
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sure for a long time now
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geologists have been studying the earth
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to interrupt the secrets of the past
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they have been analyzing rock samples
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gathered from different continents in
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the world
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including its layers and its correlation
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to fossils
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this helps in relating the sequence of
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events
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in the earth's history which is clearly
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represented
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in the geologic time scale
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the geologic time scale is divided into
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a series
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of time intervals which are equal and
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left
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these time intervals are different from
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that of a clock
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they are divided according to the
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significant events
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in the history of the earth such as the
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mass extinction
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of a large population of fauna and flora
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the table represents the division of
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geologic time
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in earth's history that are separated
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into eons
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periods and epochs the earth's age
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which is 4.6 billion years is separated
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into different spans of time
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to clearly indicate the events aeons are
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the largest slices of time
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ranging from half a billion to two
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billion years long
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there are four eons in the geologic time
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scale
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archaean proterozoic and phanerozoic
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aeon
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that's correct the hadian archaean
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and proterozoic eons belong to the first
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super eon called the vercambrian eon
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which accounts for 88 of the earth's
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history
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the earliest eon is known as the hadian
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polyzoic era fossils of tribalites and
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brachiopods were found preserved in
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layers of sedimentary rocks
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the first animal to succeed in adopting
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itself
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to breathe air were the amphibians
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marine life also developed and became
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more abundant
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and with a greater variety of forms
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different types of plants and firms
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grew during this era it was believed
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that the remains of these plants
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formed the huge pole deposits in many
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parts of the world
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scientists discovered footprints
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eggs bones and other fossils
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of reptiles that existed during
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this era it is believed
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that the largest creatures that existed
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during this era
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were the dinosaurs and that they were
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the descendants
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of the primitive reptiles however
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a recent theory suggests that they were
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descended
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from birds rather than reptiles
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reptiles are believed to be the first
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true terrestrial vertebrates
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that existed and flourished during this
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era
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the only surviving reptiles today are
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snakes
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crocodiles turtles and lizards
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cenozoic era different warm-blooded
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animals like marsupials and primitive
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mammals
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existed on the land then they develop
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into modern horses
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and birds during this period humans left
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their mark on lan
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some of the earliest records of humans
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were stone tools
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partner are you hearing that
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someone's calling from the portal
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hello i am professor stone a
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paleontologist
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and the inventor of this portal i am
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very happy that you were able to use it
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to travel from the past
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hello professor we're glad to meet you
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and i think we're stuck here
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can you teleport us to the present time
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sure that would be easy enough to do
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stand still and we will travel to the
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present time
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welcome to the present time adventurers
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we
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are here in the museum fossils
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wow this is great based on my readings
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scientists like you professor stone made
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use of
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information derived from all of these
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fossils
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in order to define and identify
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different subdivisions
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in the geologic time scale fossils
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are the remnants or traces of organisms
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of a past geologic age that is right
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ma'am here in the museum you will find
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different
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types of fossils they are classified
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into four types
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which are based on their formations we
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have
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true form fossils mold fossils
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cast fossils trace fossils
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or ethnofossils oh
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yes i know about those fossils
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i think this one is a true form
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fossil look the entire animal
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is trapped and preserved in tar or
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ice this one is a hollow impression of a
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living thing
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on a rock it shows that the mold
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reflects the shape
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and the markings of the organism
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yes it is a mold fossil
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look sir paul this one is somewhat
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related
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to what you have there this fossil
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was created when a mold fossil was
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filled with minerals it hardened
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and developed a replica coming from the
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original this is a cast fossil
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are those animal droppings
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yes they are these are called trace
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fossils or ethno-fossils
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aside from animal droppings this type of
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fossil can be footprints
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eggs or nests of animals wow
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you really did your research about these
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things huh
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well to add to what you have said
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remember that fossils are considered as
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time indicators
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they are used in cognitive rocks of
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similar ages
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in different regions they are called
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index fossils and they
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are associated with a particular span of
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geologic time
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thank you so much professor stone that
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gives us
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information about fossils yes
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and it's clear to us that earth's
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history can be uncovered
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by studying the different types of
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fossils
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oh no problem i think i need to go now
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see you adventurers enjoy your
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expiration
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goodbye this time
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i will be telling a story which help us
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understand
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our lesson for today this is written
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by patty fetches are you ready
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okay listen very carefully
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imagine you are hiking
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in the woods as you walk up a steep
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hill you find a fossil
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it is a mold of many tiny seashells
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what would seashells be doing in the
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middle of the woods
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most fossils are found in sedimentary
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rocks
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these rocks form on the surface
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of the earth they record the processes
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that have happened
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on the surface including life
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scientists are able to arrange fossils
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according to age this is called
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the fossil record by studying the fossil
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record
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scientists have found that the earth and
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its life forms
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have gone through many changes in the
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past
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fossils have taught us how and when rock
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layers
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have formed they have also helped
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scientists
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learn about life forms that have come
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and gone
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fossils have even taught us about the
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climate of the earth
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long ago the geologic time scale
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is divided into huge blocks of time
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called eras eras
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are defined by major changes in the
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fossil found
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in the sedimentary rock layers that were
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formed
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during those time spans
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now after hearing the story let us
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answer the following questions
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get your paper and pen for you to copy
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the questions
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don't worry if you cannot answer it
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right away because you can watch this
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episode again on tepidtv youtube channel
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are you ready here are the questions
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number one what type of rocks
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are fossils made of number two
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how do scientists arrange discovered
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fossils
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number three how have fossils
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helped and taught scientists about
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the history of the earth number four
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aside from the geological aspect what
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other aspects can be predicted by
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guide fossils
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after answering those questions ask your
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parents
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guardians or friends to assess your work
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good job adventurers another episode of
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earth and life science
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was unlocked today come on sir paul
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let's go back to our place sure mom shay
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but wait here is a recap number one
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the dating of rock formation is based on
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relative
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and absolute dating number two
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earth's history may be described through
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a geologic time scale
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number three information and evidence
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about the earth's past
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can be taken from fossils some fossils
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are identified
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as endx fossils which are associated
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with particular span of geologic time
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do you want to know more about our
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planet more features
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and fun-filled experiences on the
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planet.harvard's life
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imagine earth
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imagineer
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[Music]
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you
