2-Minute Neuroscience: Divisions of the Nervous System

00:02:01
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q3OITaAZLNc

Sintesi

TLDRThe video explains the divisions of the nervous system, detailing the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system that extends throughout the body. The peripheral nervous system is further divided into the somatic nervous system, responsible for voluntary movements and sensory input, and the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary functions like heartbeat and digestion. The autonomic nervous system has two subdivisions: sympathetic (prepares the body for fight or flight) and parasympathetic (conserves energy and promotes rest).

Punti di forza

  • 🧠 The nervous system has two major divisions: central and peripheral.
  • 🔄 The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
  • 🦾 The peripheral nervous system includes nerves throughout the body.
  • 👣 Somatic nervous system handles voluntary movements.
  • 🔄 Autonomic nervous system manages involuntary functions.
  • ⚡️ Sympathetic nervous system triggers fight or flight responses.
  • 🌱 Parasympathetic nervous system encourages rest and digest activities.
  • 📶 Sympathetic increases heart rate and blood pressure during fear.
  • 🍽 Parasympathetic aids digestion and reduces heart rate when relaxed.

Linea temporale

  • 00:00:00 - 00:02:01

    In this video, the speaker summarizes the two main divisions of the nervous system: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS includes all the nerves running throughout the body. The PNS is divided into two sub-divisions: the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system, with the somatic system being responsible for voluntary movements, such as triggering finger movement, and the autonomic system managing involuntary bodily functions like digestion and heartbeat. The autonomic nervous system is further split into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, with the sympathetic system preparing the body for fight or flight responses by increasing heart rate and energy, while the parasympathetic system focuses on rest and digest functions, promoting relaxation and bodily recovery.

Mappa mentale

Video Domande e Risposte

  • What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

    The two main divisions are the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.

  • What does the somatic nervous system do?

    The somatic nervous system carries sensory signals to the central nervous system and motor signals to skeletal muscles, associated with voluntary movement.

  • What is the autonomic nervous system?

    The autonomic nervous system regulates the internal environment of the body and functions involuntarily.

  • What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system?

    The two subdivisions are the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.

  • What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system?

    The sympathetic nervous system stimulates and mobilizes energy resources, often associated with fight or flight responses.

  • What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?

    The parasympathetic nervous system conserves energy, stimulating rest and digest responses.

  • How does the sympathetic nervous system respond to fear?

    It increases heart rate, blood pressure, and stimulates sweat glands.

  • How does the parasympathetic nervous system function during eating?

    It stimulates digestion, increases salivation, and slows heart rate.

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Sottotitoli
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Scorrimento automatico:
  • 00:00:00
    Welcome to 2 minute neuroscience, where I simplistically explain neuroscience topics
  • 00:00:04
    in 2 minutes or less.
  • 00:00:05
    In this installment I will discuss the divisions of the nervous system.
  • 00:00:10
    There are two major divisions of the nervous system.
  • 00:00:12
    The first is the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and the spinal cord.
  • 00:00:19
    The second is the peripheral nervous system, which consists of nerves that run throughout
  • 00:00:23
    the body.
  • 00:00:24
    The peripheral nervous system itself is made up of two subdivisions.
  • 00:00:28
    The first is the somatic nervous system, which contains nerves that carry sensory signals
  • 00:00:32
    from the body to the central nervous system and nerves that carry motor signals from the
  • 00:00:36
    central nervous system to skeletal muscles.
  • 00:00:39
    The somatic nervous system is associated with voluntary movement.
  • 00:00:42
    When you clicked on this video to play it, the signal to depress your finger was sent
  • 00:00:45
    from your brain to your finger via the somatic nervous system.
  • 00:00:50
    The second division of the peripheral nervous system is the autonomic nervous system.
  • 00:00:53
    The autonomic nervous system is sometimes called the involuntary nervous system, and
  • 00:00:57
    it is involved in regulating the internal environment of the body.
  • 00:01:01
    It carries signals from internal organs to the central nervous system and from the central
  • 00:01:04
    nervous system to the internal organs.
  • 00:01:06
    In this way, it is involved in regulating things like digestion and heartbeat, which
  • 00:01:10
    are generally outside the realm of conscious control.
  • 00:01:13
    The autonomic nervous system can be further subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic
  • 00:01:17
    nerve fibers.
  • 00:01:19
    The sympathetic nervous system plays a large role in stimulating and mobilizing energy
  • 00:01:22
    resources, while the parasympathetic nervous system acts to conserve energy.
  • 00:01:27
    For example, if you are in a frightening situation, the sympathetic nervous system will cause
  • 00:01:31
    your heart rate to increase, your blood pressure to increase, and your sweat glands to be stimulated.
  • 00:01:37
    If you are eating a meal, however, and are not frightened, your parasympathetic nervous
  • 00:01:41
    system will stimulate digestion, increase salivation, and slow your heart rate.
  • 00:01:46
    Due to these functions, the sympathetic nervous system is often described as being involved
  • 00:01:50
    in fight or flight responses, while the parasympathetic nervous system is described as being involved
  • 00:01:56
    in rest and digest responses.
Tag
  • nervous system
  • central nervous system
  • peripheral nervous system
  • somatic nervous system
  • autonomic nervous system
  • sympathetic nervous system
  • parasympathetic nervous system
  • voluntary movement
  • involuntary functions
  • fight or flight