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What is an IEO?
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How is it different from an ICO
or STO?
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And what do all of these
confusing acronyms mean?
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Is this just another fad,
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or should I really pay attention to it?
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Well stick around,
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in this episode
of Crypto Whiteboard Tuesday
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we’ll answer these questions
and more.
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Hi, I’m Nate Martin
from 99Bitcoins.com
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and welcome to
Crypto Whiteboard Tuesday
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where we take complex
cryptocurrency topics,
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break them down
and translate them into plain English.
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Before we begin
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don’t forget to subscribe
to the channel
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and click the bell
so you’ll immediately get notified
00:00:38
when a new video comes out.
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Today’s topic is
Initial Exchange Offerings
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or IEOs for short.
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It seems like every other day
a new acronym is born
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in the crypto universe.
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First we had initial coin offerings,
ICOs;
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then came Security Token Offerings,
STOs;
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and now we have IEOs.
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Don’t worry,
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the purpose of this video
is to bring some clarity
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to all of these confusing terms.
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However, since we’ve already covered
ICOs and STOs in previous videos
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I strongly suggest you start
by watching them
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if you haven’t done so already.
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ICOs, STOs and IEOs
all have the same purpose -
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they are all ways companies can use
to raise funds for their projects.
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ICOs were the first to come about.
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With an ICO
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the company raises funds
by selling tokens directly to investors
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at a discount.
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These tokens can either have
some sort of utility
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in the company’s project
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or represent an actual tradable asset
like a share in the company.
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ICOs are the wild west of fundraising.
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They have no oversight, no regulation,
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and in some cases
are complete scams.
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There are no rules for an ICO:
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as long as you manage to get
investors on board -
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you’re good to go.
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However, the lack of oversight
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caught the attention
of quite a few regulatory agencies,
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causing them to crack down
on many companies
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who conducted ICOs.
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This in turn gave rise to the STO.
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You can think of an STO
as a regulated ICO.
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There are two main differences
between an ICO and an STO:
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First, STOs deal only with
security tokens.
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The tokens being sold
represent a financial asset only.
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ICOs, on the other hand,
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can also sell utility tokens
that are meant to be used
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in order to power a specific platform.
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The second difference is that
STOs are fully regulated.
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This means that STOs are compliant
with government regulations
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and are usually only offered
to accredited investors.
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This leaves a lot of people
out of the STO game
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since they just don’t have
enough money
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to be considered
as accredited investors.
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And now we come to IEOs.
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IEOs are ICOs managed by
a cryptocurrency exchange.
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So instead of a company
selling tokens directly to the public,
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in an IEO
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everything is done through
an already existing trading platform.
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Here’s how it works:
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The company pays a listing fee
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and gives some of its tokens
to the exchange.
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In return,
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the exchange takes on
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the responsibility
of making the IEO succeed,
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by taking care of the various aspects
such as marketing, securing funds
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and vetting investors.
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The exchange then lists the IEO
on its website
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and the token sale is conducted
through the exchange.
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Once the IEO timeframe ends,
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the tokens are immediately listed
on the exchange for trading.
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Here are some additional things
you should know about IEOs:
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Unlike ICOs,
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IEOs usually aim to raise
a moderate amount of money.
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So you probably won’t be seeing
any $150m IEOs.
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Also, IEOs are usually classified
as utility token offerings.
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However,
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due to the ambiguous nature
of this classification,
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most IEOs will probably
not be available in the US
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as exchanges fear
regulatory clampdown
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by the Securities
and Exchange Commission.
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Companies can conduct
both an ICO and an IEO,
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and many do.
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Sometimes a company may conduct
a private ICO for strategic partners
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and high net worth individuals.
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Later on, the token sale will move
to an IEO for the general public.
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Now let’s take a look
at what advantages an IEO has
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over an ICO or STO.
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The first and most important
advantage is increased trust.
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Investors rely on the exchange
to vet potential IEO projects,
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and since the exchange’s reputation
is on the line,
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it has an incentive to do
extensive due diligence
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on each project
that wishes to be listed.
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This means the chance
for dubious projects
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or outright scams
is reduced dramatically.
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Second, IEOs are open to everyone
who isn’t restricted
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from using the exchange.
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This opens up
a whole market of investors
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who otherwise wouldn’t meet
the eligibility standards to participate
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if a token sale were classified
as an STO.
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Another major advantage is security.
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In the past,
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ICO funds were lost
due to hacks or theft.
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With an IEO,
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the exchange deals with
securing investor funds
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instead of inexperienced startups.
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Additionally,
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the company selling the token
doesn’t need to worry about regulation.
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The exchange is responsible
for vetting its own users
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and conducting KYC processes.
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Probably one of the biggest
advantages of an IEO
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is token liquidity.
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Once the IEO ends
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people can start trading its tokens
instantly on the exchange.
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This eliminates what sometimes
happens with ICOs
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where you can’t find a marketplace
to trade your newly received tokens.
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And finally we have
the marketing advantage.
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The exchange can offer the IEO
to its existing user base,
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saving the company
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the hassle of trying to build
a prospect list from scratch .
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IEOs are aimed to be
a win-win-win situation
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for exchanges, investors
and companies seeking funds.
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With an IEO,
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each party can focus on
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what’s necessary to reach
its particular objectives.
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The exchange deals with funds
and regulation,
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the company can focus on
building its product,
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and investors can feel safer
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knowing that a reasonable
amount of due diligence was done
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for each project.
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However,
IEOs also have some downsides,
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mainly for the companies
issuing the tokens.
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First, conducting an IEO costs money
and in some cases quite a lot of it.
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Sure, you can say this premium
is an investment
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for the marketing, security
and regulation efforts you get
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from an IEO,
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but in the end not all companies
can afford this.
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Second, an IEO is limited
to the exchange users.
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Meaning if the exchange isn’t available
in a specific country,
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those people are automatically
excluded from the IEO.
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As IEOs become more popular,
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exchanges have started to set up
dedicated platforms for them.
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For example,
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the Binance Launchpad is a platform
dedicated to conducting IEOs
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on the popular
cryptocurrency exchange Binance.
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And as token sales become
more mainstream and regulated
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some people believe that IEOs
are about to boom
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just like ICOs did in late 2017.
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Will this happen?
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Only time will tell.
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But I will say this -
Beware of the hype.
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You should do extensive research
into each project
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you consider investing in,
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and never invest money
that you can’t afford to lose.
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The majority of tokens
end up losing value
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after their initial offering
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and many projects don’t even see
the light of day.
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On top of that,
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most of these projects
don't even need their own token.
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And if you’re not really clear
on what I mean by that last statement,
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you’ll want to take a look at
our “What is Blockchain” video
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to learn a bit more
before starting to invest.
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That’s it for today’s episode
of Crypto Whiteboard Tuesday.
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Hopefully by now you understand
what IEOs
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or Initial Exchange Offerings are -
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A token sale that is managed
by an exchange
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rather than a company issuing
its token directly.
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You may still have some questions.
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If so, just leave them
in the comment section below.
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And if you’re watching this video
on YouTube,
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and enjoy what you’ve seen,
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don’t forget to hit the like button.
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Then make sure to subscribe
to the channel
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and click that bell
so that you’ll be notified
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as soon as we post new episodes.
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Thanks for joining me
here at the Whiteboard.
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For 99bitcoins.com,
I’m Nate Martin,
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and I’ll see you… in a bit.