奴隷航路：抵抗する魂

00:34:53
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JUFv272CzzU

Sintesi

TLDRこのビデオは、アフリカ系の人々が世界中に存在する理由を探求し、特にトランスアトランティック奴隷貿易に焦点を当てています。アフリカからの強制移動、奴隷制度の残酷さ、そしてアフリカの人々の抵抗について詳しく説明しています。奴隷制度は、アフリカの人々の文化や歴史に深い影響を与え、現代の人種差別や新たな形の奴隷制度にもつながっています。奴隷たちは、身体的な抵抗だけでなく、文化的な抵抗を通じて自らの人間性を守ろうとしました。

Punti di forza

  • 🌍 アフリカ系の人々は世界中に広がっている。
  • 📜 奴隷制度は歴史的に存在していた。
  • ⚔️ 奴隷たちは様々な形で抵抗した。
  • 💔 奴隷制度の影響は今も続いている。
  • 🎶 文化的な遺産が残されている。
  • 📈 経済的利益が奴隷制度を支えた。
  • 🛡️ 現代の人種差別と新たな奴隷制度が存在する。
  • ✊ 奴隷たちは日常的に抵抗していた。
  • 📚 教育と意識向上が重要。
  • 🤝 すべての人が公正な世界を作る役割を果たせる。

Linea temporale

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    アフリカ系の人々が世界中に存在する理由は、アフリカ大陸からの移住と奴隷制度に起因している。奴隷制度は普遍的な制度であり、特にサハラ以南のアフリカの人々が奴隷として扱われた歴史が強調される。

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    トランスアトランティック奴隷貿易に焦点を当て、歴史的な背景を再構築する。奴隷貿易は、ポルトガルやスペインの砂糖プランテーションの需要から始まり、アフリカの人々が捕らえられ、アメリカ大陸で強制的に奴隷として働かされることになった。

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    16世紀から、ポルトガル、イギリス、スペインなどの大国が奴隷貿易を開始し、アフリカの人々を捕らえて新世界で売りさばくことで巨額の利益を上げた。この経済モデルは、アラブ世界でも同様に機能していた。

  • 00:15:00 - 00:20:00

    アフリカの村での人身売買の様子が描かれ、村が襲撃され、捕らえられた人々が奴隷として売られる運命に直面する。特に、ムサという少年が捕らえられ、奴隷として売られる過程が語られる。

  • 00:20:00 - 00:25:00

    ララという女性が中間航路を経て奴隷船に乗せられ、過酷な条件下での航海の様子が描かれる。彼女は、船の中での恐怖や苦しみを体験し、最終的には反乱を起こすが、自由を得ることはできなかった。

  • 00:25:00 - 00:34:53

    奴隷制度の下での生活が描かれ、奴隷たちがどのように働かされ、抑圧されていたかが語られる。彼らは日々の抵抗を続け、最終的には自由を求める運動が広がり、奴隷制度の廃止へとつながっていく。

Mostra di più

Mappa mentale

Video Domande e Risposte

  • アフリカ系の人々はなぜ世界中にいるのか？

    アフリカからの移住と奴隷制度の歴史が影響している。

  • 奴隷制度はどのように始まったのか？

    16世紀からのトランスアトランティック奴隷貿易が主要な要因。

  • 奴隷たちはどのように扱われたのか？

    過酷な労働と身体的・精神的な恐怖で支配されていた。

  • 奴隷制度の影響は今も続いているのか？

    はい、現代の人種差別や新たな形の奴隷制度が存在する。

  • 奴隷たちはどのように抵抗したのか？

    数多くの反乱や文化的抵抗を通じて。

Visualizza altre sintesi video

Ottenete l'accesso immediato ai riassunti gratuiti dei video di YouTube grazie all'intelligenza artificiale!
Sottotitoli
en
Scorrimento automatico:
  • 00:00:01
    [Music]
  • 00:00:03
    have you wondered why people of African
  • 00:00:06
    descent are found in various regions of
  • 00:00:09
    the world
  • 00:00:10
    today in Latin America the United States
  • 00:00:14
    of America the Caribbean Indian Ocean
  • 00:00:18
    Islands the Middle East and even India
  • 00:00:22
    apart from the voluntary human migration
  • 00:00:25
    who went out of Africa continent of
  • 00:00:26
    Origins 100,000 years ago to populate
  • 00:00:29
    the rest of the Globe the answer takes
  • 00:00:31
    us back to a painful period whose
  • 00:00:34
    consequences are still being weighed on
  • 00:00:35
    the image many have of Africans and
  • 00:00:38
    their descendants in the
  • 00:00:40
    world slavery is a universal
  • 00:00:43
    institution in other words it has
  • 00:00:45
    existed in a variety of forms in many
  • 00:00:48
    cultures and many societies
  • 00:00:52
    [Music]
  • 00:01:00
    in fact the word is derived from slav
  • 00:01:04
    people of Eastern Europe frequently
  • 00:01:06
    raided and sold into slavery during the
  • 00:01:08
    Middle
  • 00:01:09
    Ages however when people speak of
  • 00:01:13
    slavery in this day and age most think
  • 00:01:16
    of subsaharan Africans and of the
  • 00:01:19
    descendants of African slaves in the
  • 00:01:21
    various regions of the
  • 00:01:22
    [Music]
  • 00:01:28
    world we shall shall try focusing mainly
  • 00:01:31
    on transatlantic slave trade to
  • 00:01:34
    reconstitute a history of the slave
  • 00:01:36
    trade and slavery drawing on the
  • 00:01:39
    experience and rationale of period
  • 00:01:42
    [Music]
  • 00:01:43
    characters these are not real characters
  • 00:01:47
    but they are based on accounts by men
  • 00:01:48
    and women who had firsthand experience
  • 00:01:51
    of this history
  • 00:01:55
    [Music]
  • 00:02:24
    [Music]
  • 00:02:31
    Mr Brooks is a major slave trader from
  • 00:02:34
    Liverpool he is going to tell us why he
  • 00:02:36
    became involved in buying and selling
  • 00:02:38
    human
  • 00:02:46
    beings thanks to the efforts of the
  • 00:02:48
    Portuguese and Spanish sugarcane was
  • 00:02:51
    acclimatized to the new world's
  • 00:02:53
    latitudes so we could now start
  • 00:02:55
    envisaging large single crop sugar
  • 00:02:57
    plantations for mass production
  • 00:03:02
    [Music]
  • 00:03:10
    the great European families were
  • 00:03:12
    passionate about sugar but the high
  • 00:03:15
    price prevented those on Lower incomes
  • 00:03:17
    to buy it so we had to reduce production
  • 00:03:19
    costs as much as
  • 00:03:23
    possible in the new world we had the
  • 00:03:26
    right land and climate for the mass
  • 00:03:28
    production of sugar cane but it was a
  • 00:03:30
    crop that required a large labor
  • 00:03:35
    force the Amar Indians had been almost
  • 00:03:38
    entirely decimated by diseases brought
  • 00:03:40
    by the first European settlers and the
  • 00:03:43
    great cruelty of the
  • 00:03:45
    Conquistadors the few survivors were in
  • 00:03:47
    theory protected by the church the
  • 00:03:50
    settlers could not therefore exploit
  • 00:03:52
    them in the most profitable Way for
  • 00:03:54
    their trade
  • 00:03:55
    [Music]
  • 00:04:04
    Those Distant lands that many imagin to
  • 00:04:06
    be full of cannibals scared many
  • 00:04:10
    Europeans and even the most unfortunate
  • 00:04:12
    among them hesitated to go to the
  • 00:04:14
    Americas to work as agricultural
  • 00:04:25
    laborers so we decided to turn to the
  • 00:04:28
    Dark Continent
  • 00:04:30
    we'd already had good long-standing
  • 00:04:31
    trading relations with several African
  • 00:04:34
    kings and a few important Merchants with
  • 00:04:37
    whom we traded mostly gold Ivory and
  • 00:04:45
    spices gradually with their permission
  • 00:04:49
    we built a handful of forts at strategic
  • 00:04:51
    points all along the Atlantic coast to
  • 00:04:54
    protect our Traders and merchandise and
  • 00:04:56
    the crews of our ships the forts are
  • 00:04:59
    even more useful for the development of
  • 00:05:01
    the slave
  • 00:05:03
    [Music]
  • 00:05:09
    trade from the 16th century the great
  • 00:05:12
    European Maritime powers of the time
  • 00:05:15
    Portugal England Spain the Netherlands
  • 00:05:18
    France and Denmark started this
  • 00:05:20
    money-making
  • 00:05:21
    trade the ships left European ports
  • 00:05:24
    Laden with Firearms precious Fabrics
  • 00:05:27
    spirits and other luxury products
  • 00:05:31
    the goods were then exchanged on the
  • 00:05:32
    African Coast for men and women who had
  • 00:05:34
    been made
  • 00:05:36
    captives they were then sold in the new
  • 00:05:38
    world and forced violently into
  • 00:05:41
    slavery then these boats stocked up in
  • 00:05:43
    the Caribbean and along the Atlantic
  • 00:05:45
    coast of North America before returning
  • 00:05:48
    to Europe loaded with sugar coffee
  • 00:05:51
    cotton cocoa precious metals Etc other
  • 00:05:55
    boats still practice this trade by
  • 00:05:56
    connecting Africa to the Americas Brazil
  • 00:05:59
    in particular Merchants Traders Bankers
  • 00:06:03
    insurers and ship owners made vast
  • 00:06:07
    profits this same economic model that
  • 00:06:10
    was used from the early 6th Century
  • 00:06:12
    until the early 20th century was at the
  • 00:06:15
    heart of the slave trade in the Arab
  • 00:06:16
    Muslim
  • 00:06:17
    [Music]
  • 00:06:19
    world for several centuries the African
  • 00:06:23
    continent was to be stripped of its
  • 00:06:24
    vital forces for the benefit of other
  • 00:06:27
    societies that built their economic
  • 00:06:29
    Prospect it and development on the
  • 00:06:31
    violent deportation and forced labor of
  • 00:06:34
    dozens of millions of Sons and Daughters
  • 00:06:36
    of
  • 00:06:37
    [Music]
  • 00:06:45
    Africa Musa was waiting impatiently for
  • 00:06:49
    his
  • 00:06:49
    initiation he was at last going to
  • 00:06:52
    become a man the greatest viic hunter
  • 00:06:56
    learning the secrets of the forest and
  • 00:06:58
    animals but Musa was never
  • 00:07:02
    [Music]
  • 00:07:04
    initiated no one told me anything but I
  • 00:07:07
    did think that something was going
  • 00:07:10
    on had talked about it with tumani my
  • 00:07:12
    best friend we were almost certainly
  • 00:07:15
    going to be initiated at last become
  • 00:07:18
    great Fearless
  • 00:07:21
    Warriors everyone was busy in the
  • 00:07:23
    village the preparations even outdid
  • 00:07:25
    those for the last Harvest
  • 00:07:27
    Festival only my my father seemed
  • 00:07:31
    worried he'd been told that the
  • 00:07:33
    manhunters had been spotted near our
  • 00:07:36
    [Music]
  • 00:07:37
    village at Daybreak I was woken by a
  • 00:07:40
    great halabaloo Panic shouting and
  • 00:07:43
    gunshots everywhere our village was
  • 00:07:45
    under attack our Warriors and their
  • 00:07:47
    Spears were powerless against those men
  • 00:07:49
    carrying
  • 00:07:51
    firearms even sidiki the strongest
  • 00:07:54
    Warrior of all was captured like a wild
  • 00:07:56
    animal
  • 00:07:59
    [Music]
  • 00:08:00
    I was attached to tumani by a solid
  • 00:08:02
    forked Branch fastened at the neck and
  • 00:08:05
    our hands and feet were roped
  • 00:08:08
    together a horse had trotten on poor
  • 00:08:10
    Tani's foot during the struggle he was
  • 00:08:14
    [Music]
  • 00:08:16
    limping we're exhausted now we've been
  • 00:08:20
    walking for several
  • 00:08:21
    moons the women and children seem
  • 00:08:24
    exhausted our cofl got longer at each
  • 00:08:27
    stop as new captives press gained by
  • 00:08:30
    manhunters joined
  • 00:08:33
    us after walking for miles and miles I
  • 00:08:37
    saw in the distance the outlines of a
  • 00:08:39
    huge City that seemed to dominate the
  • 00:08:41
    entire
  • 00:08:43
    desert it must have been
  • 00:08:45
    Jen my father had often spoken to me
  • 00:08:48
    about
  • 00:08:49
    it it's a disreputable City he told me a
  • 00:08:53
    city where human beings are
  • 00:08:57
    sold two men came into the yard where we
  • 00:09:00
    were being
  • 00:09:01
    held they came into the pen which we
  • 00:09:03
    were all hered they pointed me out along
  • 00:09:06
    with another 10 people but not too
  • 00:09:10
    many Musa will be taken across the
  • 00:09:13
    desert and sold on to an Arab
  • 00:09:15
    Merchant he will then be castrated to
  • 00:09:18
    fetch a higher price as a unic but Musa
  • 00:09:22
    will not survive the
  • 00:09:25
    operation in the Arab Muslim World
  • 00:09:28
    slaves were traded over desert Roots as
  • 00:09:30
    well as sea Roots across the Red Sea the
  • 00:09:33
    Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea
  • 00:09:37
    three sea routs were used by the
  • 00:09:39
    Europeans trading in slaves the Indian
  • 00:09:42
    Ocean route the Mediterranean Sea and on
  • 00:09:46
    a massive scale the Atlantic Ocean
  • 00:09:55
    route Lala is from the kingdom of Congo
  • 00:09:58
    she was captured by manhunters while
  • 00:10:00
    looking for firewood to cook dinner she
  • 00:10:03
    recounts a few moments of the Middle
  • 00:10:05
    Passage as if from a log
  • 00:10:07
    book
  • 00:10:09
    boarding we were let out of the dark
  • 00:10:11
    dank cells in which we had been crammed
  • 00:10:14
    for several
  • 00:10:19
    weeks we were taken by Dugout to one of
  • 00:10:22
    the huge ships off the
  • 00:10:25
    Fortress I had never seen anything like
  • 00:10:28
    it
  • 00:10:32
    more white men were waiting for us there
  • 00:10:35
    a white man with a long scar on his face
  • 00:10:38
    grabbed my arm and shoved me onto the
  • 00:10:41
    ship we were all scared the incessant
  • 00:10:45
    whipping Drew cries and blood we were
  • 00:10:48
    then pitched into the ship's gloomy hold
  • 00:10:51
    men on one side women and children on
  • 00:10:54
    the other first day of the Crossing
  • 00:11:00
    our bodies were pressed up against each
  • 00:11:03
    other our shackles were securely
  • 00:11:05
    fastened to the ship's Hull so we could
  • 00:11:07
    hardly
  • 00:11:09
    move I could hardly
  • 00:11:12
    breathe when the rolling and pitching of
  • 00:11:15
    the ship made us seasick we vomited on
  • 00:11:18
    ourselves or on our neighbors a stench
  • 00:11:22
    of commingled vomit excrement and sweat
  • 00:11:25
    pervaded the hold
  • 00:11:30
    [Music]
  • 00:11:32
    second day of the
  • 00:11:37
    crossing I was brutally dragged out of
  • 00:11:39
    my chains along with some other
  • 00:11:43
    girls once on Deck three white men threw
  • 00:11:47
    buckets of sea water into our faces then
  • 00:11:50
    I was rubbed down with a dirty cloth and
  • 00:11:53
    pushed into the cabin of a man who
  • 00:11:55
    seemed to be the leader
  • 00:11:59
    the other girls were handed over to the
  • 00:12:01
    mercy of the
  • 00:12:05
    crew fourth
  • 00:12:10
    day the ship stopped moving
  • 00:12:14
    forward we rode at anchor for several
  • 00:12:17
    days and departed again only when some
  • 00:12:19
    other captives were loaded onto the ship
  • 00:12:22
    just as we had
  • 00:12:27
    been 10th day
  • 00:12:30
    Pemba the girl Shackled on my left had
  • 00:12:34
    stopped
  • 00:12:35
    moving we understood each other a bit
  • 00:12:38
    for although we spoke different
  • 00:12:41
    languages they were quite similar I
  • 00:12:44
    called to her but she didn't answer the
  • 00:12:48
    white man with the scar untied her and
  • 00:12:51
    dragged her body away to dump it in the
  • 00:12:55
    ocean owing to the insanitary conditions
  • 00:12:58
    aboard the ship frequent outbreaks of
  • 00:13:00
    major epidemics made the crossing even
  • 00:13:02
    more fraught for the African
  • 00:13:06
    captives 17th day of the
  • 00:13:10
    crossing sometimes they took us on Deck
  • 00:13:13
    to make us dance under the
  • 00:13:15
    whip on that day they made us line up
  • 00:13:19
    carefully and forced us to watch a
  • 00:13:21
    terrible
  • 00:13:23
    scene a man who had tried to jump
  • 00:13:26
    overboard was whipped savagely in front
  • 00:13:29
    of everyone his unbearable screams made
  • 00:13:32
    us pluck up our courage
  • 00:13:34
    again that triggered the Revolt they had
  • 00:13:38
    firearms and swords we had only our
  • 00:13:41
    hands and the chains that bound them
  • 00:13:44
    together about 60 out of 410 Africans
  • 00:13:48
    mostly women and children
  • 00:13:51
    perished we had won but we didn't know
  • 00:13:54
    how to steer the huge ship we couldn't
  • 00:13:57
    go back home we drifted for more than 15
  • 00:14:01
    days waiting for the water and food
  • 00:14:03
    rations to run out secretly hoping for
  • 00:14:07
    Africa to appear on the horizon but
  • 00:14:10
    Africa never came into sight nor did any
  • 00:14:13
    other land mass to die but to Die free
  • 00:14:18
    that's what we had won laa and her
  • 00:14:21
    companions forced Crossing lasted for
  • 00:14:24
    only 17 days because of their successful
  • 00:14:26
    Revolt but slave ships could take 6
  • 00:14:29
    weeks to 2 months to cross from the
  • 00:14:31
    African Coast to the other side of the
  • 00:14:33
    Atlantic depending on the Point of
  • 00:14:35
    Departure the point of arrival and
  • 00:14:37
    weather conditions some 20% to 30% of
  • 00:14:42
    these people regarded as chattles died
  • 00:14:45
    during the
  • 00:14:46
    journey the trans Saharan death rates
  • 00:14:48
    during the forced Exodus were quite
  • 00:14:51
    comparable the slave Caravans covered
  • 00:14:53
    hundreds of miles under a blazing sun
  • 00:14:56
    with poor food and very little water
  • 00:14:59
    the fate of those victims was therefore
  • 00:15:01
    no more enviable than that of the people
  • 00:15:04
    who took the Atlantic or Indian Ocean
  • 00:15:11
    routes M mass is a settler on the island
  • 00:15:15
    of bbon his Plantation produces highly
  • 00:15:18
    profitable sugar cane and coffee he's
  • 00:15:20
    going to tell us his method for ensuring
  • 00:15:22
    that his 182 slaves worked hard
  • 00:15:32
    [Music]
  • 00:15:33
    whether we were producing coffee sugar
  • 00:15:36
    cane or any other kind of food Stuffs
  • 00:15:38
    the fortune of our colonies relied on a
  • 00:15:41
    simple formula slave
  • 00:15:47
    labor on my Plantation I try to conquer
  • 00:15:51
    the natural laziness of negroes by the
  • 00:15:54
    proper use of sufficiently vigorous
  • 00:15:57
    methods
  • 00:16:00
    that is to justify this exploitation
  • 00:16:02
    that the concept of racial hierarchy
  • 00:16:04
    will be used the supposed inferiority of
  • 00:16:07
    Africans will be used to give good
  • 00:16:09
    reason for their enslavement and the use
  • 00:16:11
    of daily physical and emotional Terror
  • 00:16:14
    to keep them in this state and break
  • 00:16:15
    their
  • 00:16:21
    resistance as soon as they arrived on
  • 00:16:23
    the island the slaves were put on
  • 00:16:25
    display in
  • 00:16:27
    markets we knew all the Roses the slave
  • 00:16:30
    Traders used to make us think that sick
  • 00:16:32
    Negroes were in good health but we saw
  • 00:16:35
    through them and felt over the
  • 00:16:36
    merchandise properly not withstanding
  • 00:16:39
    the oil covering their bodies we managed
  • 00:16:41
    to squeeze their arms and legs to check
  • 00:16:43
    how vigorous they were we examine their
  • 00:16:46
    teeth to estimate their age and so on
  • 00:16:48
    and so forth and after being purchased
  • 00:16:51
    the Negro was marked with the plantation
  • 00:16:53
    brand just like a pig or a cow
  • 00:17:01
    we made Christians out of them they had
  • 00:17:04
    to forget their far off Savannah their
  • 00:17:06
    former life as free women or free men
  • 00:17:09
    their culture their language and their
  • 00:17:11
    barbaric
  • 00:17:12
    [Music]
  • 00:17:15
    Customs some people said that Negroes
  • 00:17:18
    couldn't feel pain and that their
  • 00:17:19
    screams when being flogged were just
  • 00:17:22
    play
  • 00:17:22
    acting I myself did not believe that but
  • 00:17:25
    it did seem to be in the natural order
  • 00:17:27
    of things that this race so physically
  • 00:17:30
    Hardy and yet so feebleminded should be
  • 00:17:33
    under our control like
  • 00:17:38
    animals the legal status of slaves as
  • 00:17:41
    defined by texts such as the Cod Noir
  • 00:17:43
    kodigo negro and the Barbados slave code
  • 00:17:46
    for instance treated them as movable
  • 00:17:48
    Goods chattels over which the master had
  • 00:17:51
    full control able even if he considered
  • 00:17:53
    the punishment suitable to put them to
  • 00:17:55
    death
  • 00:17:58
    [Music]
  • 00:18:00
    this text was far too liberal and on our
  • 00:18:03
    plantations we had to be much firmer so
  • 00:18:07
    I used to insist that when there was a
  • 00:18:09
    punishment on my Plantation the other
  • 00:18:11
    slaves had to watch so that although
  • 00:18:14
    only one of them felt the crack of the
  • 00:18:15
    whip on his skin they all felt
  • 00:18:18
    psychologically the terror of the master
  • 00:18:20
    and the terrible consequences of his
  • 00:18:24
    rage punishments 20 lashes branding with
  • 00:18:29
    the Flur deise hamstringing being hung
  • 00:18:32
    by the ribs flogging to
  • 00:18:36
    death all this made me in their eyes the
  • 00:18:39
    most monstrous and redoutable of men and
  • 00:18:43
    when I sent one to the dungeon I could
  • 00:18:45
    almost see the relief in his eyes
  • 00:18:48
    wanting almost to thank me for only
  • 00:18:50
    condemning him to hunger thirst and
  • 00:18:52
    total darkness for days on
  • 00:18:56
    end and it was because of the terror I
  • 00:18:59
    inspired in my slaves that my Plantation
  • 00:19:01
    was a model of its kind and my profits
  • 00:19:04
    among the highest on the
  • 00:19:09
    island all this timec consuming work was
  • 00:19:12
    demolished in the Sor Uprising in one
  • 00:19:14
    night when my Plantation was raised to
  • 00:19:17
    the ground by my
  • 00:19:25
    slaves Juan was born into slavery in
  • 00:19:28
    Cuba uba his mother was sold he saw his
  • 00:19:32
    father who had made several Escape
  • 00:19:35
    attempts
  • 00:19:36
    hanged he's going to tell us how his
  • 00:19:39
    long work days were
  • 00:19:44
    [Music]
  • 00:19:46
    organized every morning except Sunday
  • 00:19:51
    the bell rang at
  • 00:19:53
    6:00 a long walk to the field was ahead
  • 00:19:56
    of
  • 00:19:57
    us that was how my day
  • 00:19:59
    started like that of most of the slaves
  • 00:20:02
    on the
  • 00:20:06
    plantation you had to bend down pull the
  • 00:20:10
    cane stalk up and cut it with two or
  • 00:20:12
    three heavy slashes of a
  • 00:20:15
    machete for the adults a single strike
  • 00:20:18
    was enough once the cane was cut it had
  • 00:20:20
    to be stripped of its leaves again with
  • 00:20:22
    a
  • 00:20:23
    machete this is what we did all day long
  • 00:20:28
    I could feel the sun bite into my skin
  • 00:20:32
    it was really tiring
  • 00:20:36
    work I understand better why my father
  • 00:20:39
    had always tried to
  • 00:20:43
    escape he told me that the master made
  • 00:20:46
    us work like
  • 00:20:48
    animals that I should never forget that
  • 00:20:50
    I was a human being and not a beast of
  • 00:20:53
    the fields born for cane Coffee banana
  • 00:20:56
    or cotton
  • 00:21:01
    sometimes the overseer ordered me to go
  • 00:21:04
    and unload wagons full of cane and fill
  • 00:21:06
    the crusher you had to be very strong to
  • 00:21:09
    make the machines work and get all the
  • 00:21:11
    juice out of the
  • 00:21:13
    cane the men kept coming up to the
  • 00:21:16
    machine to empty the cane the very last
  • 00:21:19
    drop then we had to start a game over
  • 00:21:22
    and over I never leave a
  • 00:21:26
    drop before nightfall we would leave the
  • 00:21:29
    fields and be assigned to other chores
  • 00:21:32
    often for the Master's
  • 00:21:35
    residence sometimes when it was not
  • 00:21:37
    Harvest Time the master hired me out to
  • 00:21:40
    Mr Garcia to go and work in his
  • 00:21:43
    mines I met other slaves there they
  • 00:21:46
    didn't speak a word of Spanish but knew
  • 00:21:48
    a great deal about working in the
  • 00:21:51
    [Music]
  • 00:21:53
    mines I went back to my Hut at night to
  • 00:21:56
    quickly gulp down a small ration of C
  • 00:21:58
    corn and a bit of bacon before
  • 00:22:01
    collapsing onto my straw
  • 00:22:02
    [Music]
  • 00:22:07
    bedding although Juan worked on the
  • 00:22:10
    plantations like most slaves others were
  • 00:22:13
    assigned to domestic tasks in the
  • 00:22:14
    Master's
  • 00:22:16
    house sometimes I went with callow to
  • 00:22:19
    the river to help him to wash down the
  • 00:22:23
    horses kala was a driver The Master's
  • 00:22:26
    driver he was always welld
  • 00:22:30
    dressed he told me that when he took the
  • 00:22:33
    master into town he sometimes met blacks
  • 00:22:36
    who had small
  • 00:22:39
    [Music]
  • 00:22:41
    businesses some of them were even
  • 00:22:44
    artism some of them were
  • 00:22:47
    free but that was really unusual because
  • 00:22:50
    it was rare for Masters to allow slaves
  • 00:22:52
    to buy their freedom
  • 00:22:59
    one Sunday evening the master came
  • 00:23:01
    across me looking at a book that callow
  • 00:23:03
    had brought back for me from town the
  • 00:23:06
    master who is usually kind to me flew
  • 00:23:08
    into a rage and grabbed the book out of
  • 00:23:10
    my hand those things are not meant for
  • 00:23:13
    slaves he kept
  • 00:23:16
    saying slaves have often been thought of
  • 00:23:19
    as just cane Cutters in fact slaves
  • 00:23:22
    occupied different functions that were
  • 00:23:24
    useful for the slave society that
  • 00:23:26
    exploited them for example in the
  • 00:23:28
    construction of buildings roads Port
  • 00:23:31
    facilities ships or in the military
  • 00:23:34
    Etc in the case of the slave trade in
  • 00:23:37
    the Arab Muslim World slaves sometimes
  • 00:23:40
    occupied very important functions high
  • 00:23:42
    ranking army officers personal advisers
  • 00:23:45
    to sovereigns some of them even occupied
  • 00:23:48
    important command
  • 00:23:50
    posts whether in the transatlantic slave
  • 00:23:53
    trade or the slave trade in the Arab
  • 00:23:55
    Muslim world the men and women reduced
  • 00:23:57
    to slavery brought with them valuable
  • 00:23:59
    Knowledge and Skills such as the Mastery
  • 00:24:02
    of various techniques in agriculture
  • 00:24:05
    construction River navigation Mining and
  • 00:24:08
    iron
  • 00:24:09
    working in this way they help to export
  • 00:24:12
    the skills and technology developed by
  • 00:24:15
    African societies to the countries that
  • 00:24:17
    exploited
  • 00:24:25
    them Nanny comes from the Ashanti Empire
  • 00:24:29
    as a child she was captured sold and
  • 00:24:32
    shipped to the British West Indies her
  • 00:24:35
    only thought since she arrived on the
  • 00:24:37
    island has been to run away to the Blue
  • 00:24:41
    Mountains synonymous with marooning and
  • 00:24:43
    with
  • 00:24:46
    freedom we had decided some months ago
  • 00:24:49
    to run away from the plantation the
  • 00:24:51
    opportunity arose when an overseer began
  • 00:24:53
    to whip a pregnant woman my brother flew
  • 00:24:57
    at him and felt him with a
  • 00:25:02
    punch other slaves decided to set
  • 00:25:05
    themselves free and run away with
  • 00:25:07
    us while running away our group had to
  • 00:25:10
    split up in order to confuse our
  • 00:25:12
    pursuers we knew that the white settlers
  • 00:25:15
    their hounds and a platoon of soldiers
  • 00:25:16
    posted on the island were on our
  • 00:25:22
    tracks we found refuge in a vantage
  • 00:25:25
    point in the mountains from which we
  • 00:25:27
    could see our enemies advancing and
  • 00:25:29
    could thus forall their
  • 00:25:31
    [Music]
  • 00:25:35
    attacks our community gradually became
  • 00:25:38
    organized and well structured we lived
  • 00:25:40
    off our crops animal husbandry hunting
  • 00:25:44
    and
  • 00:25:45
    Gathering we did not however forget our
  • 00:25:48
    enslaved comrades on the
  • 00:25:51
    plantations we sometimes gave them
  • 00:25:53
    poison to get rid of an authoritarian or
  • 00:25:56
    even sadistic overseer or master
  • 00:26:00
    but we raided the Planters regularly
  • 00:26:02
    burning their crops and Fields and
  • 00:26:04
    stealing their
  • 00:26:07
    livestock freeing the slaves whenever
  • 00:26:10
    possible and taking them under our
  • 00:26:12
    wind and we inflicted so many defeats on
  • 00:26:16
    the English army that England was
  • 00:26:18
    obliged to sign a treaty recognizing our
  • 00:26:21
    freedom and the independence of our land
  • 00:26:24
    weakened by repeated uprisings by the
  • 00:26:27
    abolition campaign and by the great
  • 00:26:29
    popularity of some of the leaders of the
  • 00:26:30
    abolition movement such as William
  • 00:26:32
    Wilberforce in England Victor sheler in
  • 00:26:35
    France Frederick Douglas and Harriet
  • 00:26:37
    Tubman in the US and zakim nabuko in
  • 00:26:40
    Brazil the slave states were obliged one
  • 00:26:43
    after the other to abolish
  • 00:26:45
    slavery Ironically in the wake of the
  • 00:26:48
    abolition of slavery slave owners were
  • 00:26:50
    compensated by the authorities for the
  • 00:26:52
    loss of their property but in any case
  • 00:26:55
    the slaves who had been the only victims
  • 00:26:57
    of this the system will not receive any
  • 00:27:01
    compensation it is these revolts
  • 00:27:04
    numerous repeated increasingly organized
  • 00:27:07
    that will contribute to the progressive
  • 00:27:09
    abolition of slavery since
  • 00:27:11
    1791 from the great slave Uprising in
  • 00:27:14
    Santo Domingo to the abolition of
  • 00:27:16
    slavery in Brazil in
  • 00:27:19
    [Music]
  • 00:27:22
    1888 free at last the slaves had
  • 00:27:25
    triumphed after waging a daily battle
  • 00:27:28
    for more than 400
  • 00:27:30
    years from African villages to the holds
  • 00:27:34
    of the slave ships and to the
  • 00:27:37
    plantations those men and women
  • 00:27:39
    constantly revolted protesting against
  • 00:27:42
    their inhumane plight in
  • 00:27:45
    [Music]
  • 00:27:49
    life the story of these men and women is
  • 00:27:53
    the story of the emergence of
  • 00:27:55
    Multicultural societies that have been
  • 00:27:57
    sh shaped by the intermingling of the
  • 00:27:59
    descendants of amerindians Africans
  • 00:28:02
    Europeans and Asians it is the story of
  • 00:28:05
    the music that moves us and that we
  • 00:28:07
    listen to every day Blues salsa Samba
  • 00:28:11
    mayola hip hop rigon it is the story of
  • 00:28:15
    Brazilian candomble religious syncretism
  • 00:28:19
    orishas the gwa spiritual knowledge
  • 00:28:22
    forms of body movement between dance and
  • 00:28:25
    combat like capua the essence of t o
  • 00:28:29
    these men women and their descendants
  • 00:28:32
    managed to transcend the unprecedented
  • 00:28:34
    oppression to leave Humanity as a whole
  • 00:28:37
    a Heritage of immense wealth in the
  • 00:28:40
    field of the Arts knowledge and thought
  • 00:28:44
    politics spirituality and
  • 00:28:46
    [Music]
  • 00:28:57
    ethics
  • 00:29:00
    [Music]
  • 00:29:11
    [Music]
  • 00:29:21
    [Music]
  • 00:29:27
    for
  • 00:29:29
    [Music]
  • 00:29:46
    [Music]
  • 00:29:52
    [Music]
  • 00:29:57
    for fore
  • 00:30:03
    [Music]
  • 00:30:08
    [Music]
  • 00:30:13
    [Music]
  • 00:30:48
    those slaves have triumphed after being
  • 00:30:50
    long oppressed they responded to
  • 00:30:53
    dehumanization and violence with
  • 00:30:56
    resistance physical resistance
  • 00:30:59
    countless uprisings and then Haiti the
  • 00:31:02
    First Republic to apply the universality
  • 00:31:04
    of Human Rights daily resistance by a
  • 00:31:08
    thousand tricks to undermine the slave
  • 00:31:10
    system and most of all cultural
  • 00:31:13
    resistance through dance and music
  • 00:31:16
    religion and
  • 00:31:18
    language they have thus shown that
  • 00:31:20
    inhumanity and barbarism were not the
  • 00:31:23
    Hallmarks of those enslaved through
  • 00:31:24
    violence but of their oppressors the
  • 00:31:28
    slave trade and slavery are now things
  • 00:31:30
    of the past but they have left in their
  • 00:31:32
    wake a tenacious poison that plagues our
  • 00:31:35
    societies today
  • 00:31:37
    [Music]
  • 00:31:41
    racism since 2001 the slave trade and
  • 00:31:45
    slavery are now acknowledged as crimes
  • 00:31:48
    against humanity in international
  • 00:31:54
    law but does that mean that slavery no
  • 00:31:56
    longer exists
  • 00:31:59
    has it not taken other less blatant
  • 00:32:02
    forms while still turning some human
  • 00:32:05
    beings into other human beings
  • 00:32:20
    chadel action to combat new forms of
  • 00:32:23
    slavery racism and racial discrimination
  • 00:32:26
    has not ended it is taken every day in
  • 00:32:29
    major International organizations such
  • 00:32:32
    as UNESCO and even in the
  • 00:32:35
    schoolyard one thing is certain we can
  • 00:32:38
    all play a role individually and thus
  • 00:32:41
    help make the world a fairer place
  • 00:32:47
    [Music]
  • 00:33:08
    one if a number of Worlds i s
  • 00:33:13
    to if the number of eyes that's L on you
  • 00:33:19
    if the number of chance I have been for
  • 00:33:24
    with the N of chain you made me
  • 00:33:29
    carry you made me
  • 00:33:34
    carry it's enough let me free please let
  • 00:33:38
    me free how let me free how let me
  • 00:33:45
    [Music]
  • 00:33:47
    free please let me
  • 00:33:50
    free let me free oh let me
  • 00:33:55
    free a
  • 00:34:02
    do you hear the bullet shot by a
  • 00:34:07
    soldiers running through the crowd
  • 00:34:10
    anding in
  • 00:34:12
    tears do you hear the mother cry their
  • 00:34:17
    children walking on a
  • 00:34:20
    mine howting ghost ghost hting ghost
  • 00:34:25
    ghost ghost ghost ghost
  • 00:34:28
    let me free it's enough please let me
  • 00:34:33
    free oh let me
  • 00:34:36
    free let me
  • 00:34:40
    free please let me
  • 00:34:44
    free let me
  • 00:34:46
    free let me free
  • 00:34:50
    [Music]
Tag
  • 奴隷制度
  • アフリカ系
  • トランスアトランティック奴隷貿易
  • 歴史
  • 文化的抵抗
  • 人種差別
  • 人権
  • 経済
  • 移住
  • 反乱