00:00:00
hello everyone so yep preferred this PPT
00:00:03
we're going to have science technology
00:00:06
society and the human condition actually
00:00:09
from this PPT it has two parts so the
00:00:15
first part is human flourishing and the
00:00:18
second part is its second part is this
00:00:22
it's the nature of Science and
00:00:24
Technology in society all right so let's
00:00:27
have first with our learning outcome so
00:00:30
we do have three so first one is to
00:00:32
discuss what technology reveals second
00:00:35
is examine modern technology and its
00:00:37
role in human flourishing explain the
00:00:40
role of art in a technological world
00:00:42
which is the third part so we're going
00:00:44
to will talk more about them in our
00:00:47
starting with our next slide all right
00:00:49
so here we do have human flourishing in
00:00:53
science and technology
00:00:55
so actually one would say flourishing
00:00:57
it's a state where people experience
00:00:59
positive emotions like positive
00:01:01
psychological functioning and positive
00:01:03
social functioning and most of the time
00:01:05
like living within an optimal range of
00:01:08
human function functioning and also as
00:01:12
described here human flourishing is
00:01:14
defined as an effort to achieve
00:01:16
self-actualization it's it's it's where
00:01:20
one realization or fulfillment of one's
00:01:23
talents and potentialities especially
00:01:25
considered as a drive or need present in
00:01:29
everyone it's also fulfilment within the
00:01:32
context of a larger community of
00:01:35
individuals each with the right to
00:01:38
pursue his or her own efforts okay so
00:01:42
all state states here that eat the the
00:01:47
the people or the humans are the bearer
00:01:49
and which means we are like the carrier
00:01:53
or we also have a hold and we can get
00:01:56
the benefit and we can also enjoy the
00:02:01
the things that we can have from science
00:02:04
and technology also flourishes and finds
00:02:08
meaning in the world that he or she
00:02:09
builds so we can have
00:02:12
um we can find signification in the
00:02:15
world that we can make all right so
00:02:19
let's have the next slide here this is
00:02:23
our we have the next like oh yeah
00:02:25
alright so it says here in the pursuit
00:02:28
of the good life it involves like the
00:02:31
rational use of once potentialities
00:02:33
including like talents abilities and
00:02:36
virtues in the pursuit of his like
00:02:38
freely and rationally chosen found goals
00:02:41
because we were also all different
00:02:43
nobody's alike
00:02:44
he or she may unconsciously acquire
00:02:46
consume or destroy what the world has to
00:02:49
offer so in most of the time humans
00:02:52
whatever it takes to reach and to have
00:02:55
the means to an end as we all know that
00:02:59
we are not that well can easily be
00:03:03
contented with what we have all right so
00:03:06
here to be able to appreciate the fruits
00:03:08
of Science and Technology
00:03:10
they must be examined not only for their
00:03:13
function and instrumentality but also
00:03:15
for their greater impact on humanity as
00:03:18
hope says time changes elements that
00:03:23
comprise the even flourishing also
00:03:25
changes so which are subject to the
00:03:27
dynamic social history as written by the
00:03:31
humans the various gadgets machines
00:03:34
appliances and vehicles are all tools
00:03:37
that make the human lives easier because
00:03:40
they serve as minson and as I mentioned
00:03:43
from the previous light actually all
00:03:46
right so now I cannot really see ok we
00:03:51
are already in this slide ok so well I
00:03:58
am going to show you a video
00:04:01
[Music]
00:04:05
how to live a good life that the basic
00:04:09
philosophical question Aristotle's
00:04:12
answer was live virtuously do what a
00:04:15
virtuous person would do and that will
00:04:18
make you happy
00:04:19
well not exactly happy but you demon
00:04:22
eudaimonia sometimes translated as
00:04:25
flourishing is what we all want it's the
00:04:29
one thing people seek for its own sake
00:04:32
eudaimonia isn't a matter of one or two
00:04:35
moments of bliss as Aristotle put it one
00:04:39
swallow doesn't make a summer it's the
00:04:42
result of a successful life lived well
00:04:44
together with a bit of good luck in his
00:04:48
Nicomachean ethics basically an early
00:04:51
self-help book he explained how to
00:04:53
flourish by cultivating the virtues
00:04:57
every virtue is a disposition to behave
00:05:00
in certain ways that lies between two
00:05:03
extremes courage feeling the fear but
00:05:07
doing it anyway lies between cowardice
00:05:10
when you feel the fear and can't do it
00:05:12
and recklessness when you don't feel the
00:05:15
fear when you should generosity lies
00:05:19
between stinkiness when you mean and
00:05:21
profligacy when you throw your money
00:05:23
around and so on
00:05:25
this is Aristotle's doctrine of the
00:05:29
golden mean whether you can act
00:05:32
virtuously or not in part depends on how
00:05:35
you've been brought up your moral
00:05:37
education as well as on the choices you
00:05:40
make if that goes well you'll act
00:05:43
appropriately and feel the appropriate
00:05:45
emotions whatever situation you find
00:05:48
yourself in
00:05:49
[Music]
00:05:55
all right so that's more of about human
00:05:59
flourishing and human condition all
00:06:02
right so now let's have the next slide
00:06:05
here Wow it's there exist a discrepancy
00:06:10
between Eastern and Western conception
00:06:13
regarding society and human flourishing
00:06:16
so it has been observed that Western
00:06:19
civilization tends to be more focused on
00:06:21
the individual while those from the east
00:06:25
are more community-centric well from
00:06:30
Western philosophy they have it like
00:06:32
fragmentary while Eastern philosophy is
00:06:35
holistic so the writers on Frank Kara
00:06:37
Suriname claims that Eastern philosophy
00:06:40
is concerned with general knowledge
00:06:42
while the Western philosophy aims at
00:06:45
specific knowledge so an example given
00:06:49
by academic scholar is how Confucius
00:06:52
Analects deal with both the inner and
00:06:55
outer life of a person which talks about
00:06:57
holistic the general view of it while
00:07:00
Aristotle's work emphasized how one
00:07:02
should conduct one self to live well
00:07:05
among others which is fragmentary so I'm
00:07:08
going to show you another video here we
00:07:14
go from the moment we are born we begin
00:07:19
to develop our identities who are we
00:07:23
what should we care about and how should
00:07:26
we relate to all these people around us
00:07:28
as it turns out the way each of us
00:07:31
answers these questions largely depends
00:07:34
on the culture we grow up in what a
00:07:37
major difference between cultures in the
00:07:39
east and the West is how they view the
00:07:41
individual in relation to the
00:07:43
some cultures tend to place more
00:07:46
importance on the individual
00:07:48
they're known as individualistic or meet
00:07:51
society's many Western societies
00:07:55
including those in the United States
00:07:57
Australia and large swathes of Europe
00:08:00
are considered neat cultures people in a
00:08:04
me culture believe each individual is
00:08:06
responsible for their own well-being
00:08:08
their circle of responsibility extends
00:08:11
only to their immediate family members
00:08:13
parents spouses or children they view
00:08:18
their responsibilities to others in
00:08:19
society like their neighbors or
00:08:21
classmates as limited after all they're
00:08:25
also individuals who should be taking
00:08:26
care of themselves on the other hand
00:08:30
some cultures place more importance on
00:08:32
the group there called collectivist
00:08:34
societies or wee cultures many Eastern
00:08:38
cultures including those in China India
00:08:41
and Japan are considered weak cultures
00:08:45
people in a weak culture
00:08:47
prioritize strong social ties and
00:08:50
belonging to a larger group these groups
00:08:53
might include classmates neighbors and
00:08:56
extended families and they strive for
00:08:58
group harmony and believe the individual
00:09:01
should make the best decisions for the
00:09:03
overall well-being of their group if you
00:09:05
take care of the group they'll take care
00:09:07
of you
00:09:08
so how does this mean versus we
00:09:10
difference shape our behavior as it
00:09:13
turns out this seemingly subtle
00:09:15
distinction has some surprising effects
00:09:18
imagine two families each go out to
00:09:21
dinner the family from a meal culture
00:09:24
might consist of just four people two
00:09:27
parents and their two children the
00:09:29
family from only culture would need a
00:09:32
much larger table to make room for two
00:09:34
children their cousins and multiple sets
00:09:37
of parents and grandparents at the meet
00:09:41
table everyone would order the specific
00:09:44
meal they wanted when the food comes
00:09:46
they may trade a bite or two but for the
00:09:48
most part each person would eat their
00:09:50
own meal at the wheat table on the other
00:09:53
hand multiple dishes would be ordered
00:09:56
for the whole table they'll be placed in
00:09:58
the center and all members of the family
00:09:59
would share that now let's say a family
00:10:03
member was running late how is each
00:10:05
table likely to respond at the meat
00:10:08
table people are expected to be masters
00:10:10
of their own fate
00:10:11
so when teenage brother Lee arrives late
00:10:14
the family is more likely to attribute
00:10:16
his tardiness to some fundamental aspect
00:10:19
of Lee's personality like assuming he is
00:10:22
lazy or irresponsible at the Wii table
00:10:25
on the other hand they're more likely to
00:10:27
see Lee's behavior as part of a larger
00:10:29
context rather than blaming him for
00:10:32
being lazy they may assume external
00:10:35
factors were involved maybe there is an
00:10:37
accident on the road and leave that
00:10:39
cotton bad traffic
00:10:41
this tendency to either credit the
00:10:44
individual or the larger context applies
00:10:46
the positive things to say Li was coming
00:10:50
from a basketball game where he scored a
00:10:52
game-winning shot at the me table we
00:10:55
would be celebrated as the hero his
00:10:57
individual action on the game of a whole
00:10:59
team in a celebratory toast we would
00:11:03
likely speak about how his hard work
00:11:04
determination and focused led him to
00:11:07
this moment meanwhile at the we table
00:11:10
the team's overall victory would be
00:11:12
celebrated
00:11:13
Lee's toast would more likely focus on
00:11:15
how his teammates coaches and mentors
00:11:18
led to the team's success
00:11:19
you may even mention a larger context
00:11:22
like the support of the team's school
00:11:24
administration or fan base
00:11:26
both of these viewpoints are true please
00:11:29
action secure the victory but the team's
00:11:32
effort want the game there is no
00:11:34
objective right or wrong way to think
00:11:37
about individuals versus groups that
00:11:40
works for one culture just may not work
00:11:42
for another it's also important to
00:11:46
remember that culture is only one of the
00:11:48
many factors that influence who we are
00:11:51
so some people from a weak culture may
00:11:54
prioritize the individuals and some meet
00:11:57
culture people may value their
00:11:59
communities over themselves culture is
00:12:02
never all that we are but as one of
00:12:04
those invisible forces that shape us
00:12:06
it's well worth knowing a little more
00:12:08
about so the next time the behavior of
00:12:11
someone from another culture seems weird
00:12:13
or even rude try asking yourself how did
00:12:17
they grow up to understand the world
00:12:19
could my behavior seem as weird from
00:12:22
their viewpoint cultural differences
00:12:25
don't hold all the answers
00:12:27
but they can help us begin to understand
00:12:29
each other and appreciate the richness
00:12:32
and variety of human societies okay all
00:12:40
right that's a that's me versus weave
00:12:43
culture all right so here next slide is
00:12:47
it says human flourishing as an ant then
00:12:50
is primarily more of a concern for
00:12:53
Western civilization's over Eastern once
00:12:56
well actually with Western philosophy
00:12:58
does look at the ideas more closely
00:13:01
giving more specific answer finding
00:13:04
answers is what like a philosopher does
00:13:07
and vague answers from let's say Eastern
00:13:10
philosophy doesn't really provide it
00:13:13
because they always have like a general
00:13:15
answer for everyone which is can be not
00:13:18
applicable to anyone or to everyone yeah
00:13:21
all right so one here in all right so
00:13:28
here is in stepping back and taking
00:13:31
stock of things we begin to wonder and
00:13:34
question one may admire the intricacy of
00:13:39
mechanism and the sophistication of
00:13:42
mobile application so another may marvel
00:13:46
at the people and circumstances that
00:13:48
allowed for such technologies if we're
00:13:50
going to really like take a pause we can
00:13:53
start to ask of anything so a person can
00:13:56
be amazed on the complexity of the
00:13:59
latest model of smartphones and other
00:14:01
and others can praise like the people
00:14:04
behind
00:14:05
the maker of the invention well
00:14:07
according to mine of the philosopher
00:14:11
Martin Heidegger questioning was not
00:14:13
anything without thinking so thus in his
00:14:16
view a questioner is not a die center
00:14:19
rather they are listening so all
00:14:21
questioning he believed get started from
00:14:23
initial listening that which precedes
00:14:26
and guides the questioner following this
00:14:28
point
00:14:29
Heidegger delves into the spiritual and
00:14:31
the pious and the holy he's thoughts
00:14:33
concerns the piety of thinking itself
00:14:36
that's amazing
00:14:39
all right so here let's have let's have
00:14:42
the next picture questioning is the
00:14:44
piety of thought yes as I mentioned this
00:14:46
is from Martin Heidegger
00:14:48
and he is widely actually acknowledged
00:14:52
to be one of the most original and
00:14:54
important philosopher or thinker of the
00:14:57
20th century so there is so much wealth
00:15:01
of insights that can be gathered when
00:15:03
people stop think and question so
00:15:06
questioning is the piety of thought that
00:15:10
is really true so as soon as you think
00:15:15
more you're like drawn more to it and
00:15:18
actually Martin Heidegger strongly
00:15:21
opposes the view that technology is a
00:15:24
means to an end
00:15:25
because I get or a human activity
00:15:26
because I guess Martin Heidegger is
00:15:28
thinking more more than more than what
00:15:31
the literal thing that we can just see
00:15:33
all right so next slide is here so
00:15:36
normally piety is associated with being
00:15:39
religious however it also means
00:15:42
obedience and Submission all right so ya
00:15:45
PI T is like a strong belief in a in a
00:15:48
religion that is shown in the way
00:15:51
someone lives or it's like a devotion
00:15:54
all right so next one is here in
00:15:58
addressing that what technology has
00:15:59
brought forth one cannot help but be
00:16:02
submissive to what his or her thoughts
00:16:04
and reflections elicits it is when we
00:16:07
start questioning what that we submit
00:16:09
ourselves to our thoughts as I've
00:16:11
mentioned the more we think of something
00:16:13
the more we are curious of something
00:16:15
it's like we are more drawn to it
00:16:17
so we're
00:16:18
looking more answers to it we're going
00:16:21
to research more about it all right
00:16:25
there and here so it is when we start
00:16:31
questioning that we yep submit ourselves
00:16:33
to our thoughts so this kind of
00:16:35
questioning leads one to search for his
00:16:39
or her place in the universe and he the
00:16:41
grand scale of things it is through this
00:16:44
process that one builds a weight towards
00:16:47
knowing the truth of who or she is as
00:16:50
being in this world of course it's like
00:16:54
some people are going to ask themselves
00:16:56
like we also asked ourselves like what's
00:17:01
my purpose for God to think more about
00:17:03
our life what I'm going to do for the
00:17:06
for the next five years or for the next
00:17:07
ten years why something where this kind
00:17:12
of incident happened to me we have
00:17:15
everything that happens or everyone who
00:17:17
surrounds us we as soon as we stop and
00:17:21
we try to to reflect and think we are
00:17:24
going to get more questions and more
00:17:27
answers to it we'll just have to change
00:17:29
or how long will it take but I guess
00:17:32
it's there that's the beauty of of life
00:17:34
we're going to know more about our life
00:17:37
your life everyone alright so next one
00:17:41
is we have in framing it's a way of
00:17:44
revealing into modern technology so
00:17:46
actually in framing means that it's a
00:17:49
way of revealing which holds us weight
00:17:53
or has the power in the essence of
00:17:55
modern technology and which is its self
00:17:58
from North a technological this is
00:18:00
actually according to Heidegger 1977 so
00:18:04
it says here the way of revealing in
00:18:06
modern technology is Adam framing in
00:18:09
simpler terms it is as if nature is put
00:18:15
in a box or inside a frame so that it
00:18:18
can be better understood and controlled
00:18:21
according to people's desires so
00:18:23
technology as in framing is the mode in
00:18:27
which everything comes into the open and
00:18:29
makes sense for us
00:18:31
Wow all right so let's try the next
00:18:34
slide in looking at the world two ways
00:18:39
of thinking are distinguished so the
00:18:42
first one is calculative thinking so if
00:18:44
one orders and puts a system to nature
00:18:47
so it can be understood better and
00:18:49
controlled so it is more technical kind
00:18:51
of human thought okay more technical
00:18:54
kind of vemma thoughts in which people
00:18:57
gather information and put it together
00:18:59
in order to put it to some specific use
00:19:02
so calculative thinking is always amused
00:19:05
with a mankind as it is necessary to the
00:19:08
more practical activities and
00:19:10
motivations of life it is the more
00:19:12
active aspects of human thought
00:19:16
concerned more with the doing of a thing
00:19:19
then of considering the possible
00:19:21
possible consequences the other hand we
00:19:24
have the mid digit of thinking it one
00:19:27
lets nature reveal itself to him or her
00:19:30
without forcing it so this one it
00:19:33
involves something much deeper than
00:19:36
practical calculation and it takes much
00:19:38
more effort so meditative thinking tells
00:19:42
us why we should do or should not do a
00:19:44
thing beyond the simple calculative
00:19:47
process of actually doing it so
00:19:49
according to Heidegger meditative
00:19:51
thinking is not limited to simply coming
00:19:54
up with reasons why - or not to do a
00:19:57
thing meditation is not limited to
00:19:59
expanding on calculation and it does not
00:20:03
necessarily have to have an end of
00:20:06
product as does calculations so
00:20:08
calculation we expect to have a product
00:20:11
but it's not the same with meditative
00:20:15
thinking so we need only to dwell on
00:20:17
what lies close simply for the sake of
00:20:20
the dwelling and because this is what we
00:20:22
do because we are human yeah actually
00:20:26
calculative thinking it's like a
00:20:27
programmed Android or a programmed robot
00:20:30
alright so let's move on to the next
00:20:33
slide and it's not moving okay that's
00:20:37
fantastic all right so we have this part
00:20:41
so what kind of thinking is not in
00:20:43
itself better
00:20:45
than the others of the human person has
00:20:47
the Faculty for both and would do well
00:20:50
to use them in synergy Wow so it would
00:20:53
seem on the surface that calculative
00:20:55
thinking is more important since without
00:20:57
it we could not actually build a home
00:21:01
cure a disease or simply drive a car to
00:21:04
a job we could not go through with any
00:21:06
action without using calculation
00:21:08
compared to that meditation seems to be
00:21:11
nothing but aimless thought however
00:21:13
Heidegger conceived considers meditative
00:21:16
thinking to perhaps be even more crucial
00:21:19
he considers meditative thought to be
00:21:22
the cornerstone of human nature and the
00:21:25
primary aspect that makes us human and
00:21:27
separates us from from other animals do
00:21:30
you think meditative meditatively
00:21:34
therefore we are human and we are far
00:21:37
different from animals all right I'll
00:21:40
just have to show you the the totality
00:21:45
or like the summary of everything about
00:21:49
the human condition about in framing PI
00:21:55
T of of thinking or thoughts but yeah
00:21:58
we'll just have to finish every other
00:22:01
every slice for the first part okay
00:22:03
let's move on to use it next one oh here
00:22:08
so we have human person swallowed by
00:22:10
technology Wow
00:22:11
so although we know today that
00:22:14
technology is very important because
00:22:17
well it is used for almost everything
00:22:20
and like everything so modern technology
00:22:23
has paved the way for multifunctional
00:22:26
devices like the SmartWatch and the
00:22:29
smartphone Smart TVs computers are
00:22:31
increasingly faster more portable so I
00:22:34
can still remember before we do have
00:22:36
like a big motor monitor for desktop
00:22:38
computer but now we could just have our
00:22:40
laptops smaller than laptops thinner
00:22:42
lighter okay and also we have higher
00:22:46
powered than ever
00:22:47
devices than before okay so it says here
00:22:53
with all these revolutions technologies
00:22:56
has also made our lives that
00:22:58
the best part easier faster better and
00:23:00
more fun okay so before everyone or like
00:23:04
some teenagers or people play da da I'm
00:23:10
using a computer but now we do have like
00:23:12
mobile legends in a mobile phone or I've
00:23:15
heard there's like an lol into mobile
00:23:16
phone so that's how our technology is
00:23:20
getting more advanced so it says here
00:23:23
although it is true that the individual
00:23:26
it takes part in the revealing of nature
00:23:28
limits must still be recognized so
00:23:32
humans really do not call the shots on
00:23:35
this earth that is true humans cannot
00:23:38
just make decisions for our planet all
00:23:41
right this one is beautiful
00:23:43
next picture if we allow ourselves to
00:23:46
get swallowed by modern technology we
00:23:49
lose the essence of who we are as beings
00:23:52
in this world that's true so people are
00:23:55
more dependent on new technology man no
00:23:58
longer needs to think even if the
00:23:59
calculator is a good invention man no
00:24:02
longer makes mental calculation and no
00:24:04
longer works his memory right so even if
00:24:07
it's a simple calculation we really have
00:24:09
to grab our smart phones open the
00:24:10
calculator app it's also the decline of
00:24:13
human capital it implies an increase in
00:24:16
unemployment in some areas devices can
00:24:20
replace the human mind that's true
00:24:22
before I remember there was I cannot
00:24:27
really remember exactly which where did
00:24:31
I read that that article but it says
00:24:35
before or maybe I watch it in a movie
00:24:38
but before it's it's like for for those
00:24:43
people who are working in the banks they
00:24:45
do like manual calculation of everything
00:24:49
like the accountant or so on but later
00:24:52
when the computer exists existed and
00:24:56
yeah they it also helped people to to to
00:25:02
make the work faster but some not all
00:25:04
people still have the job because of of
00:25:08
a new technology some people might lose
00:25:11
their
00:25:11
jobs so it's not that yeah its
00:25:15
advantages but not for everyone as I've
00:25:17
said before especially right now for
00:25:21
because we are facing this pandemic we
00:25:24
do have our online classes but before
00:25:26
this thing happened in the world yeah
00:25:30
this is already predicted like
00:25:32
especially other countries who doesn't
00:25:36
or - do not have English as their medium
00:25:40
of Education or of learning instruction
00:25:43
they are learning English online so
00:25:47
let's say Korean or Japanese people or
00:25:51
the Chinese people they also have to
00:25:53
have like classes online to learn some
00:25:57
some subjects or some some classes so we
00:26:01
are also like thinking some people are
00:26:03
also thinking I am also thinking that
00:26:05
sooner or later we do have like robot
00:26:07
teacher an Android teacher so I am
00:26:11
really thinking that there will be no
00:26:13
more teachers next I don't know for how
00:26:16
many years after possibly with the
00:26:18
nurses the Dockers they will be replaced
00:26:21
with with robots but yeah I'm not sure
00:26:23
when will that happen but yeah it's kind
00:26:26
of its kind of happened well let's have
00:26:30
the next picture here alright so if we
00:26:34
are constantly plugged online and the
00:26:36
longer have the capacity for authentic
00:26:39
personal encounters then we truly we are
00:26:42
truly swallowed by technology that is
00:26:45
really true so with that I'm going to
00:26:47
show you another video how technology
00:26:53
has ruined social interaction by Davey
00:26:57
and Obi is this your family dad in the
00:27:01
living room on this laptop what time is
00:27:04
dinner honey
00:27:05
daughter in the kitchen on our PC
00:27:08
getting hungry mom son on his desktop in
00:27:12
his room I'll take dinner on mine room
00:27:15
thanks no one speaks face-to-face
00:27:19
anymore everyone is so busy with their
00:27:23
smartphones and personal computers that
00:27:27
they fail to notice what's going on
00:27:30
around them the office is no different
00:27:36
the boss sends a message to his
00:27:39
assistant the assistant emails the
00:27:42
supervisor and the supervisor eventually
00:27:45
shares with the team never speaking
00:27:48
face-to-face and without talking in
00:27:50
person the work just continues to paola
00:27:56
things just get worse and worse
00:28:01
technology isn't all bad though it's a
00:28:04
great tool for keeping families together
00:28:07
take for example the cell phone it has
00:28:11
made staying in touch easier and safer
00:28:14
than ever before
00:28:16
kids now have instant access to a 9-1-1
00:28:21
operator in cases of emergency there's
00:28:24
also the convenience from teens being
00:28:27
able to contact their parents pick them
00:28:29
up for practice or mom calling dad to
00:28:33
stop and grab a carton of milk on the
00:28:35
way home they're also getting smarter
00:28:38
and smaller and becoming even more
00:28:40
versatile they are like regular phones
00:28:44
on steroids parents are always being
00:28:49
surprised with unexpected challenges by
00:28:52
coming up with quick non-scientific
00:28:54
answers to questions a son my ass is mom
00:28:58
why is the sky blue for a daughter why
00:29:03
does the earth spin
00:29:05
or maybe why does the moon come out
00:29:09
during the day the smartphone has made
00:29:13
answers to these questions only a few
00:29:17
clicks away whether it's astronomy
00:29:19
chemistry meteorology or medicine
00:29:22
technology helps you find that answer
00:29:25
quickly and easily technology has also
00:29:31
been great for business
00:29:33
the cellphone has become a lifeline for
00:29:36
staying in touch when on the road
00:29:39
technology has also removed the strict
00:29:41
restriction from happening to mail out
00:29:43
print ads and email and online chat has
00:29:46
brought businesses even closer to their
00:29:49
customers technology was created to help
00:29:54
us communicate better what it has done
00:29:57
is allowed us to not truly communicate
00:30:01
at all
00:30:03
[Music]
00:30:05
70% of teens aged 13 to 17 now have
00:30:10
smartphones 92% of them report going
00:30:13
online daily including 20% who are
00:30:17
online almost constantly something must
00:30:22
be done to address these issues changing
00:30:25
habits will absolutely be difficult but
00:30:29
there are steps that can be taken to
00:30:31
reduce our dependency on technology
00:30:33
first make dinnertime a cell-free zone
00:30:36
closing the door to spend ties with
00:30:39
loved ones as a central tour will be
00:30:41
next play what do I know without my cell
00:30:44
phone
00:30:45
relying on our memories rather than our
00:30:47
smartphones will keep us mentally sharp
00:30:49
finally don't be afraid to be bored we
00:30:54
should take the time to reflect on our
00:30:56
greatest memories thus far chances are
00:30:59
none of them involved our cell phones we
00:31:05
should also look at how we communicate
00:31:07
at work too many people try to do
00:31:11
everything via email
00:31:14
this often consumes more time than just
00:31:17
picking up the phone each week time
00:31:20
should be dedicated to face-to-face
00:31:22
meeting
00:31:24
context and purpose should also be
00:31:27
considered if you are concerned about
00:31:30
the response email with this fine
00:31:32
however when give-and-take is required
00:31:36
nothing works better than getting out of
00:31:40
your chair and speaking to a person
00:31:41
face-to-face this is a great way to cut
00:31:45
down on confusion and a cute ability
00:31:47
associated with written messages
00:31:53
technology certainly has a part to play
00:31:56
and how we communicate at home and
00:31:58
network choosing the appropriate time to
00:32:02
utilize technology and when not see is
00:32:05
an important skill we all must learn
00:32:09
thank you for listening alright so there
00:32:14
you go now let's have the next slide
00:32:19
okay so here we have the art as a way
00:32:22
out of in framing so here the poetry
00:32:26
that is found in nature can no longer be
00:32:29
easily appreciated when nature is in
00:32:32
framed so if the earth has just be just
00:32:35
become a gas station for us that we have
00:32:37
become and framed as well so technology
00:32:39
reveals the world as a raw material
00:32:42
available for production and
00:32:45
manipulation so that's it that's
00:32:48
emphasized in framing and the next one
00:32:52
here is modern technology the way of
00:32:53
revealing is no longer poetic it is
00:32:56
challenging when instruments are
00:32:59
observed linearly it's it's poetry can
00:33:02
no longer be found so why is technology
00:33:06
not like not a human activities
00:33:08
according to Heidegger there is
00:33:10
something wrong with with the modern
00:33:13
technological culture we live in today
00:33:16
in our age of Technology reality can
00:33:19
only be present as a raw material as
00:33:22
like a standing reserve so this state of
00:33:24
affairs has not been brought about by
00:33:27
humans the technological way of
00:33:29
revealing was not chosen by humans
00:33:31
rather our understanding of the world
00:33:34
our understanding of being of what it
00:33:37
means to be develops through the ages so
00:33:41
in our time being has the character of a
00:33:44
technological framework from which
00:33:46
humans approach the world in a
00:33:48
controlling and um
00:33:50
natan way all right so now we'll help I
00:33:54
guess this is the last slide from this
00:33:56
from the first part here although in
00:34:00
framing happens it cannot completely
00:34:04
snuff out the poetic character of
00:34:06
technology so we pondered technology and
00:34:09
questioned it in so doing we also become
00:34:12
aware of the crisis we have plunged the
00:34:15
earth into the danger is made prescient
00:34:17
and more palpable through our art and
00:34:20
poetry so the ultimate danger is humans
00:34:25
as raw materials it's the will to power
00:34:28
so the solution is the release ment so
00:34:31
the will not to will so every attempt to
00:34:33
climb out of technology throws us back
00:34:36
in the only way out for Heidegger is yep
00:34:40
that's the will not to will so that's
00:34:42
the only way in which we cannot we can
00:34:44
we can I'm sorry we can't let things be
00:34:47
and we can maybe develop an openness for
00:34:50
different interpretations of the world
00:34:53
around us beyond that will that will to
00:34:56
power and manipulation where everything
00:34:59
becomes raw material so we need to we
00:35:03
need to open up the possibility of
00:35:06
relying on technologies while not
00:35:09
becoming enslaved to them and seeing
00:35:12
them as manifestations of of an
00:35:16
understanding of being alright so there
00:35:20
you go so that's the last slide here and
00:35:22
the next part is the nature of science
00:35:26
and technology but before we we before
00:35:29
I'm going to end this I'm going to show
00:35:31
you as I mentioned before a video I it's
00:35:34
like a summary of Martin Heidegger the
00:35:37
question of a question concerning
00:35:42
technology yeah so let's have it try
00:35:47
okay open it
00:35:53
technology today when we think of
00:35:55
technology we instantly think of the
00:35:57
tools that are integrated into our
00:35:59
everyday routines and this alright so
00:36:02
that was shocking alright just have to
00:36:08
adjust it
00:36:09
alright essentially they're there to
00:36:14
make life easier for us like a TV the
00:36:17
microwave an air conditioner a laptop a
00:36:20
camera beats headphone and iPhone the
00:36:24
list continues on and on and on and on
00:36:27
and sometimes we don't even think twice
00:36:31
about what technology does for us every
00:36:33
day we even take it for granted
00:36:35
technology now is as natural to us as it
00:36:38
is riding a bike we think of technology
00:36:40
as a means to an end as well as a human
00:36:43
activity but what exactly the is
00:36:48
technology what do all technological
00:36:51
things have in common we are going to
00:36:54
discover what exactly technology is and
00:36:56
Martin Heidegger is the question
00:36:58
concerning technology I'll try to keep
00:37:00
the Heidegger isms to a limit by trying
00:37:02
to simplify his concepts as well as make
00:37:04
this an enjoyable presentation for you
00:37:06
as it is for me
00:37:07
so yes technology is a means to an end
00:37:10
otherwise known as to instrumental and a
00:37:13
human activity otherwise known as the
00:37:15
anthropological is this statement enough
00:37:17
for Heidegger no of course not it's
00:37:20
Heidegger he says yes it is technically
00:37:24
correct but not adequate enough to
00:37:26
define what technology really is so in
00:37:28
order for us to fully comprehend
00:37:30
technology we need to have a free
00:37:33
relationship to it and we will discuss
00:37:35
exactly what Heidegger means by that
00:37:37
later on it is also important that in
00:37:39
Heidegger world that we do not do
00:37:41
technology the way we think of it
00:37:43
currently which are instrumentum or
00:37:45
tools or aids such as the iPhone glasses
00:37:48
or even Donald Trump's toupee but
00:37:51
instead we are seeking technology's
00:37:53
essence it is crucial for Heidegger and
00:37:56
also for us that we know that technology
00:37:58
does not equal to technology's essence
00:38:01
when we discover technology's essence we
00:38:04
discovered the common
00:38:05
that all technology share but let's
00:38:08
rewind a bit technology is a means to an
00:38:11
end and a human activity but suppose now
00:38:14
that technology we're no mere means how
00:38:16
would it stand with the will to master
00:38:18
it
00:38:19
we will not find its essence if we think
00:38:21
conceptually but rather we need to
00:38:23
approach this metaphysically Heidegger
00:38:25
moves away from this idea of
00:38:27
instrumental versus anthropological and
00:38:29
now we dig deeper into his philosophical
00:38:31
side wherever there's an effect there is
00:38:33
a cause technology isn't instrumentum so
00:38:36
wherever instrumentality reigns there
00:38:38
reigns causality Heidegger now dives
00:38:41
into Aristotle's metaphysics of
00:38:42
causality otherwise known as the four
00:38:45
causes Heidegger uses the silver chalice
00:38:47
as an example in explaining these causes
00:38:50
so first we have the causa a materialist
00:38:52
the matter or material of which it is
00:38:54
meat and in this case we have the silver
00:38:56
secondly we have the cause of for malice
00:38:59
the logos or form structure in which it
00:39:01
is she in this case a chalice curved
00:39:03
form thirdly the causa fix the ends the
00:39:06
source of the change arrest it brings
00:39:07
about what is made in this case the
00:39:09
silversmith and last but not least the
00:39:12
fourth cause to cause of finale's the
00:39:13
final effect and reason of why it is
00:39:16
made in this case two sacrificial right
00:39:18
and voila
00:39:19
what is revealed this silver Heidegger
00:39:23
often refers to the unconcealed net we
00:39:26
bring forth from nothing we think of an
00:39:29
idea and make it into something tangible
00:39:31
unconcealed it echoes Althea Althea is
00:39:35
Greek for truth technology is a mode of
00:39:38
revealing technology comes to presence
00:39:41
in the realm we're revealing and
00:39:42
unconcealed may take place where Albea
00:39:44
truth happens reintroduce meaning where
00:39:47
there used to be a big conception but
00:39:50
how is technology revealing Heidegger
00:39:53
infers that we must think of revealing
00:39:55
or bringing forth as police's not only
00:39:57
handicraft manufacture not only artistic
00:40:00
and poetical bringing into appearance
00:40:01
and concrete imagery is a bringing forth
00:40:03
poesis in other words we must be
00:40:05
sensitive and so to speak poetic to what
00:40:08
is for what presences are laid out
00:40:10
before us another important term
00:40:12
Heidegger mentions is the word techne
00:40:14
which is skill technique and also the
00:40:16
arts of the mind and the Fine Arts
00:40:17
technique
00:40:18
belongs to bringing forth to poesis it
00:40:20
is something poetic when one encompasses
00:40:23
both poesis and tech name one can reveal
00:40:25
to us so based on all this information
00:40:27
is a safe to say that technology's
00:40:29
essence is that it reveals althaea or
00:40:32
truth to us mmm according to Heidegger
00:40:35
yes but no
00:40:36
Heidegger uses the silver chalice to
00:40:38
convey causality but can this concept
00:40:41
apply to modern technology modern
00:40:43
technology goes beyond causality and it
00:40:46
has also changed a pattern revealing
00:40:48
something quite different and radically
00:40:50
new what is modern technology it is too
00:40:53
revealing
00:40:54
only when we allow our attention to rest
00:40:56
on this fundamental characteristic does
00:40:58
that which is new in modern technologies
00:41:00
show itself to us so are we only worried
00:41:02
about technology the essence of
00:41:04
technology because we are scared of what
00:41:06
we created into the world this is one of
00:41:09
the fundamental questions that Heidegger
00:41:10
tries to find an answer to how is modern
00:41:13
technology any different there is
00:41:15
something very distinctive about modern
00:41:17
technology
00:41:18
we go farther away from poesis and more
00:41:20
towards techne in which the revealing
00:41:22
that rules and modern technology is a
00:41:24
challenging which puts to nature the
00:41:26
unreasonable demand that is supply
00:41:28
energy that can be extracted and stored
00:41:30
as such unlike earlier times when man
00:41:34
simply brings forth today man challenges
00:41:37
forth in other words we use and
00:41:39
manipulate the resources nature gives to
00:41:42
us to manufacture to create or to reveal
00:41:45
technology that is man-made
00:41:47
however Heidegger goes on to say that
00:41:50
although the windmill is a technological
00:41:52
device mean by man the idea of
00:41:54
challenging does not apply here instead
00:41:57
the wind is left as is yes we use it for
00:42:00
energy but the windmill does not unlock
00:42:02
energy from the air currents in order to
00:42:04
store it the windmill is technology that
00:42:07
satisfies human without hurting nature
00:42:09
and when Heidegger imposes here is that
00:42:11
perhaps we need more of these
00:42:12
technologies then on the other end of
00:42:14
the spectrum man challenges resources
00:42:16
when he mines coal or when he cultivates
00:42:18
his farm soil
00:42:19
agriculture is now the mechanized food
00:42:21
industry air is now set upon to yield
00:42:23
nitrogen the earth to yield or or to
00:42:26
yield uranium for example uranium is set
00:42:28
upon to yield atomic energy which can be
00:42:31
released either for
00:42:32
action or for peaceful use when we
00:42:34
challenged nature's resources we always
00:42:36
want the maximum yield at the minimum
00:42:38
expense so what do we also do we store
00:42:42
energy if we are not using it such
00:42:45
challenging happens and that the energy
00:42:46
concealed in nature is unlocked
00:42:49
what is unlocked is transformed what is
00:42:50
transformed is stored up what a stored
00:42:52
up is in turn distributed and what is
00:42:54
distributed is switched about ever and
00:42:56
new according to Heidegger these are
00:42:58
always a revealing but it is revealing
00:43:00
that never comes to an end now this is
00:43:02
where it gets tricky
00:43:03
Heidegger often uses a term to stunned
00:43:05
or the standing reserve to essentially
00:43:07
describe how man perceives resources man
00:43:10
no longer sees them for what they
00:43:11
actually are but instead sees them as
00:43:13
ways to fulfill man's needs
00:43:15
Heidegger uses to Reyn a famous European
00:43:18
River as an example he argues that man
00:43:21
no longer sees de Rhine for what it is
00:43:23
which is a large body of water a river
00:43:25
so we don't see it as this or this or
00:43:29
this but instead we see the Rhine as
00:43:32
this this band this instead a
00:43:37
hydroelectric plant is sent into the
00:43:39
courage of the Rhine to produce
00:43:40
electricity for man man does not see the
00:43:43
rivers natural tendency as the rather
00:43:44
only sees the power it will give to him
00:43:46
and therefore he sees it as a standing
00:43:49
reserve another term Heidegger
00:43:51
frequently uses if guests tell or in
00:43:53
framing we challenge and see things as
00:43:56
standing reserves because we are
00:43:57
constantly in framing everything around
00:43:59
us and framing means the gathering
00:44:01
together of that studying upon which
00:44:03
sets upon man ie challenges and forth to
00:44:06
reveal the real in the mode or ordering
00:44:08
a standing reserve when we in frame we
00:44:11
unconcealed the standing reserve we lose
00:44:14
sight of the things that do not fit in
00:44:15
the standing reserved category back into
00:44:17
concealment when we in frame as humans
00:44:20
we always view how nature should fit
00:44:22
with us instead of viewing how we should
00:44:25
fit with nature we are very narcissistic
00:44:27
race in general Heidegger says that
00:44:29
instead of allowing nature as detour to
00:44:32
give and to reveal on its own terms
00:44:34
bringing forth we in frame and take its
00:44:36
resources for granted and appropriate
00:44:38
them as standing reserves when we see
00:44:41
this we actually see this when we see
00:44:45
this we
00:44:46
actually see this and when we see this
00:44:48
we unfortunately see this we are
00:44:51
questioning concerning technology in
00:44:53
order to bring to light our relationship
00:44:55
to its essence in framing is the essence
00:44:59
of modern technology does this mean that
00:45:02
we see the entire world as our standing
00:45:04
reserve let's look at a contemporary
00:45:07
example that eloquently addresses the
00:45:09
standing reserve the Castel or in
00:45:10
framing and also Heidegger concerns
00:45:13
about men at the peak of human survival
00:45:14
we still use or in frame the universe as
00:45:17
an alternate home we've completely
00:45:19
destroyed Mother Earth because we
00:45:21
continue to enflame and see it as our
00:45:23
standing reserve where in framing rains
00:45:25
there's danger in the highest sense we
00:45:28
see the danger that technology has on
00:45:29
the world today like pollution the
00:45:31
extinction of animals and global warming
00:45:33
the amount of stuff and garbage we
00:45:35
accumulate over time can very well be a
00:45:37
scene right out of wall-e
00:45:39
Heidegger conveys that technology can
00:45:41
work against us that not only are we
00:45:43
harming nature we are also harming
00:45:45
ourselves but going back to poesis
00:45:47
Heidegger also in first the system
00:45:49
framing is also a way of revealing man
00:45:52
also has the power to save but where
00:45:54
danger is grows the saving power also
00:45:57
poetically dwelled man upon this earth
00:45:59
fundamentally if we realize how our
00:46:02
orientation fits with the world and
00:46:04
realize that we in frame the world
00:46:06
around us we can save ourselves from the
00:46:08
damage in framing has done when we do
00:46:11
this we achieve a free relationship with
00:46:14
technology yes according to Heidegger we
00:46:16
cannot escape the fate of Technology but
00:46:19
we should always question technology in
00:46:21
order to avoid such catastrophes such as
00:46:23
global warming we must question how to
00:46:25
use technology without hurting the world
00:46:27
around us we need to go back to not only
00:46:30
encompassing techne but also
00:46:32
encompassing more police's Heidegger
00:46:34
surmises that the human race as a whole
00:46:36
need to be more like poets in bringing
00:46:38
forth as poets or artists we need to see
00:46:41
the world for what it is because art and
00:46:43
poetry also reveals Althea Althea is
00:46:46
truth and technology reveals just that
00:46:48
with this own conceit
00:46:52
[Music]
00:46:57
all right so there you go that's the
00:47:00
like a video summary of everything that
00:47:04
we have for the first part of our PPT
00:47:07
which is about human flourishing and
00:47:12
also yep the the the realm of art and
00:47:19
technological world and Martin Heidegger
00:47:22
and everything there all right
00:47:24
so there as soon as you okay I'll have
00:47:29
to double check everything alright so I
00:47:33
guess that's that's all so I'll be
00:47:35
posting some questions for for our mean
00:47:39
hour for discussion in our group chat as
00:47:42
soon as you finish or as soon as you've
00:47:45
watched the video and you can post there
00:47:51
your your answers okay or your opinions
00:47:54
or your ideas about it so I'll just have
00:47:56
to give you some a lot of time and I'll
00:47:58
just provide you some information so see
00:48:00
you later bye
