The New Rules of the World by John Pilger, subtitle Indonesia

00:54:23
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=udqbyvGg868

摘要

TLDRThe video critically examines globalization, particularly its impact on Indonesia, revealing stark contrasts between the elite's wealth and the dire conditions faced by common workers. After outlining the historical context, including the violent rise of General Suharto and the economic exploitation that followed, it highlights how multinational corporations benefit from cheap labor while ignoring terrible working conditions. The narrative also critiques financial institutions like the IMF and World Bank, accusing them of perpetuating poverty through debt and neoliberal policies. Ultimately, it advocates for systemic changes to address these inequalities and suggests that the current global economic framework can be altered.

心得

  • 🌍 Globalization creates vast inequalities.
  • 💰 A small elite holds extraordinary wealth.
  • 💼 Workers in Indonesia face dire conditions in sweatshops.
  • ✊ Mass protests against globalization are growing globally.
  • 📜 Historical violence in Indonesia under Suharto is key to understanding its current economy.
  • 🏦 The IMF and World Bank's policies often hurt the poorest nations.
  • 🚨 Workers face exploitation while producing goods for Western markets.
  • 📉 Globalization is linked to rising poverty and unemployment.
  • 🔍 Transparency in corporate practices is essential for fair labor standards.
  • 🗳️ Calls for reform stress the need for accountable institutions.

时间轴

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    Globalization has led to mass protests, particularly against economic inequality. Despite advances in wealth creation, poverty persists, with a small number of corporations amassing vast wealth, highlighting severe disparities.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    The rise of Indonesia as a nation rich in resources yet plagued by poverty reflects the negative impact of globalization, where local populations suffer under foreign corporate influence, leading to social disparity.

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    Events like a Jakarta elite wedding reveal a stark contrast between the wealthy and the vast population living in poverty, with millions struggling to survive, illuminating the human cost of mass production.

  • 00:15:00 - 00:20:00

    Working conditions in Indonesian factories are dire, where workers earn below a living wage, exacerbated by cramped housing and lack of basic services, indicating the exploitation behind cheap global goods.

  • 00:20:00 - 00:25:00

    Sweatshops operate in economic processing zones where western brands exploit cheap labor, with workers facing extreme conditions. Brands claim to enforce ethical standards, yet violations are rampant and largely unchecked.

  • 00:25:00 - 00:30:00

    Workers in factories for brands like Gap face grueling hours and little oversight while being subjected to unsafe conditions, raising questions about corporate accountability and workers' rights enforcement.

  • 00:30:00 - 00:35:00

    The code of conduct proposed by brands often fails to protect workers, leading to continuous exploitation due to weak enforcement and intimidation against whistleblowers in Indonesia's labor market.

  • 00:35:00 - 00:40:00

    The narrative exposes how the West's priorities during Suharto's regime favored economic gain over human rights, showing complicity in mass atrocities that led to Indonesia's strategic resource exploitation.

  • 00:40:00 - 00:45:00

    In the aftermath of Suharto's fall, foreign investment continued to exploit Indonesia's resources at the expense of its people's rights and prosperity, perpetuating a cycle of debt and corruption.

  • 00:45:00 - 00:54:23

    Globalization has maintained a divide where wealth accumulates for the few while the majority lives in poverty, with calls for debt cancellation illustrating the ongoing struggle for economic justice and equity.

显示更多

思维导图

视频问答

  • What is the main focus of the video?

    The video focuses on the negative impacts of globalization, including exploitation, wealth inequality, and the complicity of multinational corporations and foreign governments.

  • How did globalization affect workers in Indonesia?

    Workers in Indonesia are subjected to poor working conditions and exploitative wages in sweatshops owned by foreign companies, contrasting sharply with the wealth of the elite.

  • What historical context does the video provide regarding Indonesia?

    It details Indonesia's colonization, the mass murder during General Suharto's regime, and how foreign powers supported these actions for economic gain.

  • What role do the IMF and World Bank play in globalization according to the video?

    The IMF and World Bank are portrayed as entities that enforce economic policies benefiting rich countries while exacerbating poverty in developing nations.

  • What are some proposed solutions mentioned in the video?

    The video suggests abolishing institutions like the IMF and World Bank and replacing them with democratically accountable organizations; it also discusses debt cancellation as a potential remedy.

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    [Music]
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    [Music]
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    [Music]
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    things too late
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    for me they come in recent months more
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    than a million people most of them young
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    have protested against a new economic
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    order called globalization this
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    represents one of the greatest popular
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    movements since the 1960s surely never
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    before has the human race enjoyed such
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    amazing capacity to create wealth and
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    reduce poverty yet never before has the
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    gulf between rich and poor been so vast
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    and inequality so widespread the facts
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    of globalization are revealing a small
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    group of powerful individuals are now
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    richer than most of the population of
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    Africa just two hundred giant
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    corporations dominate a quarter of the
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    world's economic activity General Motors
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    is now bigger than Denmark Ford is
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    bigger than South Africa unseen by
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    shoppers in the high street the famous
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    brands have almost everything from
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    running shoes to baby clothes and now
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    made in very poor countries with cheap
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    labor at times bordering on a form of
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    slave labor Tiger Woods the golfer has
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    paid more money to promote Nike than
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    most of the entire workforce actually
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    making Knight products here in Indonesia
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    is this the global village we are told
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    is our future or is it merely an old
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    project that used to be run by the
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    Divine Right of Kings and is now run by
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    the divine right of multinational
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    corporations and by the financial
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    institutions and governments that back
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    them this film is about these new rulers
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    of the world and especially their impact
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    on one country Indonesia
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    Indonesia is where the old imperialism
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    meets the new this is a country that
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    should not be poor it's rich in almost
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    everything mountains of copper and gold
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    oil timber and the skills and labor of
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    its people
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    colonized by the Dutch in the 16th
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    century Indonesia was plundered by the
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    West for hundreds of years a debt that
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    is yet to be paid back on Lamanna
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    initiative is ISA Pali Nagar on a
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    current era to canal Indonesia somua
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    Negara Nagar a collector Varma say
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    apartment daddy cool munde edema more
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    Mumma psycho one and then prodigal son
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    piece Karim as currently clearly IMF
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    Lipan Julia Nguyen Quoc in ecology
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    affirm the Religare eponymous car
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    Indonesia garnet Eden a character father
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    globalization is used by its champions
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    to suggest a coming together of people
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    of all races of all countries and it
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    will relieve poverty it will distribute
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    wealth what we're actually seeing is
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    precisely the opposite processes in
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    train that the poor are becoming
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    markedly poorer well the very wealthy
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    are becoming staggeringly wealthy
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    and here are some of the staggeringly
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    wealthy this is a wedding in Jakarta of
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    the Indonesian elite two merchant
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    families are being United four years ago
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    the World Bank called Indonesia a
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    dynamic economic success a model pupil
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    of the global economy among the Versace
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    dresses and diamonds are those who've
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    reaped the benefits of the new global
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    freedoms freedom to watch money make
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    more money in this respect they could be
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    any nationality outside this wedding
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    there's another world in Indonesia as
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    many as 70 million people live in
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    extreme poverty
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    [Music]
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    we calculate that it would take an
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    Indonesian worker like one of the
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    waiters serving here 400 years to pay
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    for this wedding reception
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    less than five miles away is the
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    backyard of the global economy the site
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    of the dynamic success you don't see
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    this is a labor camp that's home to
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    workers who make the clothes we buy in
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    the high streets and shopping malls this
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    is the human price paid for our
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    fashionable trainers our smart shirts
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    our jeans with a tag that says made in
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    Indonesia young people living here who
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    make the famous brands are paid on
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    average the equivalent of 72 pence a day
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    about a dollar that's the legal minimum
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    wage in Indonesia according to the
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    Indonesian government it's just over
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    half a living wage the dormitories are
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    made from freeze blocks and
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    packing-cases when it rains they flood
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    there are open sewers and no clean
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    running water many of the children are
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    undernourished and prey to disease while
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    I was filming here I caught dengue fever
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    carried by the mosquitoes which infest
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    these slums it kills children the
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    conditions here are not very different
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    from workers camps in other parts of
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    Asia in Africa and Latin America where
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    the famous brands are also made cheaply
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    for lucrative Western markets
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    [Music]
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    and this is where they work in what is
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    called an economic processing zone which
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    means a vast area of sweatshops
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    the factories may look modern but once
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    you step inside you feel the
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    claustrophobia of the workers the sheer
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    frenzy of their production and you see
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    their fatigue
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    [Music]
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    posing as fashion buyers we film
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    secretly
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    in this factory the factories are owned
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    by Taiwanese and Korean contractors who
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    employ cheap labor to make the products
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    of famous brands such as Nike Reebok and
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    added s we looked at one famous brand
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    gap the working conditions we found by
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    no means the worst
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    I mean the quality the quality control
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    of gap I think is X we found more than a
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    thousand mostly young women working
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    crowded together under the glare of
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    strip lighting in temperatures that can
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    reach 40 degrees centigrade the only
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    air-conditioning is upstairs where the
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    bosses are working hours can vary and
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    can be increased dramatically when an
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    urgent export order has to be met we
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    surveyed five factories regarded as
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    typical and I interviewed workers from
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    all over Jakarta work 24 hour shift with
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    just a couple of breaks and then two
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    hours later you start another shift so
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    in in effect you work a 36-hour shift
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    thank at the hello sister daddy came to
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    to take a fool somewhere but you like
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    you fidgety couple oh yes but I hear -
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    alright
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    Jamie Jamie laughs and bless the couple
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    are you given any choice
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    maybe sir what would happen if you
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    refuse to do this 24 hour shift yeah I
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    mean I don't remember a morality getting
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    back what I think on these long 24 hour
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    shifts do you recall what labels you
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    were packing okay I'm gonna get some
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    what I love you do any of the people
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    from the gap company ever visit your
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    factory setting
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    do they ever ask you about or
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    investigate the working conditions your
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    working conditions do you plan to be the
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    person in - I'm not gonna be come back
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    to and get to that no bullying among
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    young so like how does this man or one
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    dairy person idea what they tell you to
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    say yeah I'm feeling a little bit along
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    see for ya be there forever my mom when
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    I see her I'm gonna rearrange electing
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    McKenna what is that this is what the
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    gap company calls a code of conduct in
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    response to criticism famous global
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    brands like gap have come up with these
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    codes they say the idea is to set
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    standards and protect workers but how
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    effectively is it enforced you have to
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    come to Indonesia to really realize what
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    codes of conducts means and that is this
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    almost useless to exercise or to
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    implement code of conduct here in this
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    country because this government is
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    always campaigning cheap labor here in
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    Indonesia to attract the foreign
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    investment and codes of conducts cannot
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    do anything about that
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    and because Indonesian workers is
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    already very poor and the rate of
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    unemployment here is very very high so
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    that people will work whatever whatever
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    kind of work they have or how many how
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    much they paid really
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    Gilbert the gap company stipulates a
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    maximum working week of 60 hours
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    it says workers may refuse overtime
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    without any threat of penalty other
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    people who do extraordinary shifts like
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    much more than 12 hours even up to 24
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    hours
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    oh come on QC to get your penis in you
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    two know each other up on some video
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    bless malum we came to a blessed man I'm
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    Connor I'm doing a novice on Amy must in
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    the export can you see make up nearly
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    enough and some good stuff do you let it
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    go to 16 hours standing yeah
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    is that common God exfoliant weeny Expo
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    hamster saya target onion Angus Guillen
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    must be it's the gap code of conduct
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    displayed in the factory by Osama Scalia
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    broken rotten rotten boroughs and windy
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    today because anything upon public yeah
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    no second rate the problem needle
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    emphasis on it indefinitely
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    we had imminent operatic very well on
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    these boxer shorts were made in one of
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    the factories we investigated before we
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    left London
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    we bought a pair at a Gap store in
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    Oxford Street for eight pounds out of
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    that eight pounds an Indonesian worker
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    gets less than four pence it's the same
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    for running shoes that sell here 400
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    pounds out of that hundred pounds a
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    worker gets around 40 pence that
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    wouldn't even buy the laces yes I'm
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    target
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    vanunu yeah Oh pinata Darren starter in
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    Ibiza Darren's after China Unicom visa
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    momentum and Pennsylvania offer a key
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    weeaboo and Rana
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    Suhani minimal yama niyama commencement
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    of antigua weeaboo tarana hit minima
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    last year the chief executive of gap
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    earned more than five and a half
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    dollars the profits of gap were 1.3
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    eight billion dollars and this is
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    typical of many companies in order to
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    protect the workers in this film we have
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    not named the factories we investigated
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    in Indonesia as in other countries which
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    have sweatshop economies workers who
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    speak out face the danger of
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    victimization from contractors and
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    violence from anti trade union forces
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    data sorry a trade union leader was
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    herself imprisoned and tortured God's of
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    conduct must be monitored by trade
  • 00:14:41
    unions
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    how could you monitor codes of conducts
  • 00:14:44
    if trade unions is still weak if the
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    police is surrounding the directives and
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    if they're facing repression whenever
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    they operate we ask the gap company for
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    an interview but they declined saying it
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    was unfair not to identify the factories
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    as they couldn't verify our evidence we
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    sent them a list of questions and they
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    supplied this statement gap says it
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    employs one of the most comprehensive
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    factory monitoring programs in their
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    industry for some manufacturers our
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    standards are too tough and we refuse to
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    do business with them we prefer to work
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    with them to fix the problem we can't
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    force them to comply one of the things
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    that that we can do to take action in
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    support of better conditions for people
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    in developing countries is when we buy
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    anything ask the retailer where this
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    product comes from under what conditions
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    it's produced right to the company that
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    made the product and say you want
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    assurances that this comes from a
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    factory that treats this work as well
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    that gives us workers rights to be able
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    to form trade unions etc and these are
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    some very basic ways in which we can act
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    as as informed consumers
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    [Music]
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    I'm not afraid of
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    but how I fear the things I do for like
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    oven
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    [Applause]
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    globalization in Asia has a secret
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    history the great sweatshops and banks
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    and luxury hotels in Indonesia were
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    built on the mass murder of as many as 1
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    million people and episode the West
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    would prefer to forget but many people
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    here have not forgotten in recent years
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    people all over the country have begun
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    searching for the remains of loved ones
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    murdered when General Suharto seized
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    power in the mid-1960s aided by the
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    United States and Britain
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    [Music]
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    until recently the truth of this episode
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    has remained so secret that this is the
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    only known photograph of the atrocities
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    [Music]
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    one day in early October 1965 a gang of
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    thugs entered this school in Jakarta and
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    beat to death a headmaster he was
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    suspected of being a communist his
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    murder was typical of the slaughter of
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    more than a million people teachers
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    students civil servants peasant farmers
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    described by the CIA as one of the worst
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    mass murders of the 20th century the
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    origins of this terrible episode have
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    been covered in mystery
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    certainly it brought to power General
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    Suharto but what is now merging is the
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    extent to which he was secretly backed
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    by the United States and Britain and by
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    Western business leaders within a year
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    of the bloodbath Indonesia's economy was
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    effectively redesigned in America giving
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    the West access to vast mineral wealth
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    markets and cheap labor what President
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    Nixon called the greatest prize in Asia
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    to Western business the great value of
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    General Suharto was that he succeeded in
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    getting rid of the founder of modern
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    Indonesia
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    Achmed sakano a nationalist who believed
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    in economic independence for his people
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    he kept the great Western corporations
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    out of Indonesia and throughout their
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    agents the World Bank and the
  • 00:19:10
    International Monetary Fund it was only
  • 00:19:13
    when one of his generals Suharto seized
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    power that the door was open to Asia's
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    greatest prize when the Suharto regime
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    came in after after the pooch they were
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    able to make a loss of the fact that
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    they were calling the IMF and the World
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    Bank back in they were going to rescue
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    them you see and and British propaganda
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    in particular made a lot of this you
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    know the IMF was was decent and it was
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    going to bring order and and everything
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    was going to be lovely in the Indonesian
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    garden and as I say British diplomat
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    still alive has has said to me that was
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    very much a part of the deal
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    Britain and the United States secretly
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    conspired to back General Suharto the
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    American ambassador assured him that the
  • 00:20:08
    u.s. government is generally sympathetic
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    with an admiring of what the Army is
  • 00:20:13
    doing
  • 00:20:18
    thousands were rounded up what was not
  • 00:20:21
    known at the time was later reveal by
  • 00:20:24
    American officials the CIA had supplied
  • 00:20:27
    a list of 5000 opponents to be
  • 00:20:30
    assassinated and embassy officials
  • 00:20:33
    ticked off their names as they were
  • 00:20:35
    murdered the British ambassador
  • 00:20:38
    recommended a little shooting as an
  • 00:20:41
    essential preliminary to effective
  • 00:20:43
    change in the first few days the British
  • 00:20:48
    forces in particular purported not
  • 00:20:50
    really to know what was going on
  • 00:20:52
    [Music]
  • 00:20:54
    of course they knew what was happening I
  • 00:20:56
    mean there were bodies being washed up
  • 00:20:57
    on the lawn of the British Consulate in
  • 00:20:59
    Surabaya their bodies floating all over
  • 00:21:01
    the Malacca Strait and so forth
  • 00:21:05
    a man called how do you brought a
  • 00:21:09
    lieutenant-colonel or something one was
  • 00:21:12
    anxious to take some troops Indonesian
  • 00:21:14
    troops from the east coast of Sumatra
  • 00:21:18
    from the northeast coast of Sumatra to
  • 00:21:21
    East and Central Java so they could take
  • 00:21:24
    part in what we now know was this
  • 00:21:26
    terrible Holocaust really he found a
  • 00:21:30
    Panamanian ship and the ship sailed with
  • 00:21:33
    the troops down the Malacca Strait they
  • 00:21:35
    escorted by two British warships so the
  • 00:21:38
    British were directly involved in as
  • 00:21:41
    what you described as as a Holocaust
  • 00:21:44
    well uh yeah I would count that some
  • 00:21:47
    sort of involvement one chair
  • 00:21:50
    the American Press reported these events
  • 00:21:53
    not as a crime against humanity but in
  • 00:21:57
    terms of their economic advantage to the
  • 00:21:59
    West
  • 00:22:03
    Time magazine call them vengeance with a
  • 00:22:06
    smile and the West best news for years
  • 00:22:12
    others described a gleam of light in
  • 00:22:15
    Asia the seeds of globalization were
  • 00:22:19
    planted in the bloodbath in 1967 the
  • 00:22:24
    time-life corporation sponsored a
  • 00:22:27
    conference in Switzerland that planned
  • 00:22:29
    the corporate takeover of Indonesia it
  • 00:22:33
    was attended by the most powerful
  • 00:22:35
    businessmen in the world such as David
  • 00:22:38
    Rockefeller the Giants of Western
  • 00:22:40
    capitalism were represented the oil
  • 00:22:43
    companies the bank's General Motors
  • 00:22:45
    British Leyland I CI British American
  • 00:22:49
    Tobacco lemon brothers American Express
  • 00:22:52
    Siemens across the table were Indonesian
  • 00:22:58
    leaders approved by General Suharto
  • 00:23:04
    for Western business it was the start of
  • 00:23:07
    the gold rush which later became known
  • 00:23:09
    as globalization
  • 00:23:12
    [Music]
  • 00:23:15
    no one mentioned the killing of a
  • 00:23:18
    million people
  • 00:23:19
    [Music]
  • 00:23:24
    [Music]
  • 00:23:28
    I've never ever heard of a situation
  • 00:23:31
    like this for any country where global
  • 00:23:34
    capital essentially holds a meeting with
  • 00:23:36
    state and hammers out the conditions of
  • 00:23:40
    their own entry into the country
  • 00:23:43
    the conference went on for three days
  • 00:23:46
    the first day was when the Indonesian
  • 00:23:49
    spoke and essentially made their case
  • 00:23:52
    they divided into five different
  • 00:23:55
    sections on the second day sectoral
  • 00:23:58
    meetings mining in one room food
  • 00:24:00
    services light industry and another
  • 00:24:02
    banking and finance in another
  • 00:24:04
    chase-manhattan was there and
  • 00:24:06
    simultaneously they hammered out
  • 00:24:08
    policies that we're going to be
  • 00:24:11
    acceptable to these global investors on
  • 00:24:15
    a sector-by-sector basis with each of
  • 00:24:18
    the people going around the table sink
  • 00:24:19
    this is what we need to see this this
  • 00:24:21
    this and they basically designed the
  • 00:24:24
    legal infrastructure for investment in
  • 00:24:26
    Indonesia
  • 00:24:32
    was the foreign business community here
  • 00:24:35
    aware that they were dealing not just
  • 00:24:38
    with her up nepeta sztyc dictatorship
  • 00:24:42
    but also with a mass murderer
  • 00:24:50
    that's a very general question well yes
  • 00:24:54
    of course specific actually I mean mass
  • 00:24:56
    murder is mass murder
  • 00:24:58
    [Music]
  • 00:25:06
    that the fact that many people have died
  • 00:25:09
    in Indonesia in unfortunate tragic
  • 00:25:13
    circumstances at the directly or
  • 00:25:21
    indirectly as a result of the previous
  • 00:25:22
    regime is hugely unfortunate whether if
  • 00:25:30
    foreign investment had not been here
  • 00:25:32
    that would have prevented in any way
  • 00:25:35
    those events occurring nobody nobody has
  • 00:25:42
    perfect vision on on what might have
  • 00:25:44
    been
  • 00:25:45
    [Music]
  • 00:25:50
    globalization began in Britain in the
  • 00:25:52
    1980s when Margaret Thatcher dismantled
  • 00:25:55
    much of manufacturing and poured
  • 00:25:58
    millions of pounds into building up the
  • 00:26:00
    arms industry Indonesia became an
  • 00:26:04
    important British arms market and
  • 00:26:06
    General Suharto was sold everything
  • 00:26:09
    lethal from fighter aircraft and
  • 00:26:11
    missiles to warships and machine guns
  • 00:26:15
    unknown to the British public millions
  • 00:26:18
    of pounds went to the dictator in export
  • 00:26:21
    credits in other words a large part of
  • 00:26:25
    his arms bill was paid by the British
  • 00:26:28
    taxpayer so important was Suharto is a
  • 00:26:32
    business partner that the mass murderer
  • 00:26:35
    was welcomed to London by the Queen
  • 00:26:38
    [Music]
  • 00:26:39
    [Applause]
  • 00:26:41
    [Music]
  • 00:26:46
    who are the new rulers of the world
  • 00:26:49
    their empire today is greater than the
  • 00:26:52
    British Empire ever was this is the
  • 00:26:55
    center of this new Empire all within a
  • 00:26:58
    square mile in Washington down the road
  • 00:27:01
    from the White House and the US Treasury
  • 00:27:03
    is the World Bank and the International
  • 00:27:06
    Monetary Fund
  • 00:27:07
    [Music]
  • 00:27:14
    these two bodies are the agents of the
  • 00:27:16
    richest countries on earth especially
  • 00:27:18
    the United States
  • 00:27:23
    the World Bank and the IMF was set up
  • 00:27:25
    near the end of World War two to rebuild
  • 00:27:28
    the economies of Europe later they began
  • 00:27:32
    offering loans to poor countries but
  • 00:27:35
    only if they privatized their economies
  • 00:27:37
    and allowed Western corporations free
  • 00:27:40
    access to their raw materials and
  • 00:27:42
    markets debt has really been used as an
  • 00:27:47
    instrument in order for the IMF and the
  • 00:27:51
    World Bank to get their policies
  • 00:27:54
    implemented in many developing countries
  • 00:27:57
    and we're into a situation now where the
  • 00:27:59
    poorest countries are in a cycle a
  • 00:28:02
    vicious cycle of poverty they can't get
  • 00:28:05
    out and the the kind of of debt
  • 00:28:07
    cancellation that's been given still
  • 00:28:10
    will not allow them to get out of this
  • 00:28:13
    poverty traps not a question of debt
  • 00:28:15
    forgiveness because actually many of the
  • 00:28:18
    debts were incurred under pressure from
  • 00:28:21
    the international institutions or were
  • 00:28:25
    given in collusion with governments
  • 00:28:27
    which weren't acting in them in the
  • 00:28:29
    interest of their people let me ask you
  • 00:28:31
    do you know the difference between
  • 00:28:34
    Tanzania and Goldman Sachs Tanzania is a
  • 00:28:39
    country that has a gross national
  • 00:28:41
    product of 2.2 billion dollars and
  • 00:28:43
    shares it between 25 million people
  • 00:28:46
    Goldman Sachs is an investment firm
  • 00:28:49
    which has annual profits of 2.2 billion
  • 00:28:53
    dollars and shares them among 161
  • 00:28:56
    partners that's the world we're living
  • 00:28:59
    in now
  • 00:29:05
    the wall bank says the same as to help
  • 00:29:07
    poor people promoting what it calls
  • 00:29:10
    global development it's an ingenious
  • 00:29:12
    system a kind of socialism for the rich
  • 00:29:15
    and capitalism for the poor the rich get
  • 00:29:18
    richer on running up debt cheap labour
  • 00:29:20
    and paying as little tax as possible
  • 00:29:22
    while the poor get poorer as their jobs
  • 00:29:25
    and public services are cut back in
  • 00:29:28
    order to pay just the interest on debt
  • 00:29:30
    owed by their governments to the World
  • 00:29:32
    Bank here in Indonesia when most people
  • 00:29:35
    are poor the handouts to the rich have
  • 00:29:38
    been extraordinary to say the least
  • 00:29:40
    internal documents of the World Bank
  • 00:29:42
    confirm but up to a third of the bank's
  • 00:29:45
    loans to the dictatorship of General
  • 00:29:47
    Suharto went into the pockets of his
  • 00:29:49
    cronies and corrupt officials that's
  • 00:29:53
    around 8 billion dollars
  • 00:30:02
    globalization means that capital and big
  • 00:30:05
    money can be moved anywhere at any time
  • 00:30:08
    without warning in 1998 short-term
  • 00:30:11
    capital was suddenly pulled out of Asia
  • 00:30:14
    crippling the miracle economy overnight
  • 00:30:17
    when the Indonesian Rupiah collapsed
  • 00:30:20
    from being roughly 2500 rupiah to the
  • 00:30:23
    dollar to being what it is now ten
  • 00:30:26
    thousand rupiah to the dollar the costs
  • 00:30:29
    to Nike for each Indonesian laborer was
  • 00:30:32
    cut to 25% of what it had been and Nike
  • 00:30:36
    got a great discount on Indonesian labor
  • 00:30:38
    as a result and did not unilaterally
  • 00:30:41
    raise Indonesian wages to the same
  • 00:30:43
    standard they had been prior to the
  • 00:30:45
    devaluation of the rupiah
  • 00:30:48
    [Applause]
  • 00:30:51
    with the economy collapsed an Indonesia
  • 00:30:53
    on the verge of revolution Suharto was
  • 00:30:56
    forced to step down having already
  • 00:30:59
    stolen an estimated 15 billion dollars
  • 00:31:06
    during his reign of more than 30 years
  • 00:31:09
    Suharto had handed out public utilities
  • 00:31:12
    to his family and cronies they owned
  • 00:31:15
    most of the national power grid nothing
  • 00:31:18
    was overlooked from TV stations to a
  • 00:31:21
    monopoly on taxis driving from Jakarta
  • 00:31:26
    Airport you even paid at all to Sahar
  • 00:31:29
    OHS daughter
  • 00:31:30
    [Music]
  • 00:31:33
    these unfinished buildings are monuments
  • 00:31:37
    to corruption on a scale unheard of in
  • 00:31:39
    modern Asia to what the World Bank
  • 00:31:42
    called the miracle economy the bank
  • 00:31:46
    presents itself as an economic
  • 00:31:49
    development agency focused on the
  • 00:31:52
    reduction of poverty but in fact the
  • 00:31:54
    bank operated during the entire Cold War
  • 00:31:57
    as an institution that distributed
  • 00:32:00
    resources to mostly authoritarian
  • 00:32:03
    regimes in the third world that
  • 00:32:06
    supported the West in the Cold War so
  • 00:32:09
    you had the irony of the West claiming
  • 00:32:12
    that what they were defending in the
  • 00:32:13
    Cold War was democracy and a certain
  • 00:32:15
    vision of freedom but doing so by
  • 00:32:17
    upholding dictatorships like Indonesia
  • 00:32:19
    around the world what they did was they
  • 00:32:23
    had plenty of projects some of which
  • 00:32:25
    surely were valuable many of which were
  • 00:32:28
    not every one of these projects from the
  • 00:32:30
    Indonesian government officials point of
  • 00:32:32
    view was an opportunity to skim to live
  • 00:32:37
    a luxurious life
  • 00:32:38
    and the accumulated theft over the
  • 00:32:41
    course of Suharto's new order roughly
  • 00:32:43
    three decades was ten billion dollars
  • 00:32:46
    that's unaccounted for out of a total of
  • 00:32:48
    about 30 billion that was loaned and
  • 00:32:51
    when I said to the Auditor General of
  • 00:32:53
    World Bank what if a group of Indonesian
  • 00:32:57
    citizens or even the government were to
  • 00:33:00
    challenge the World Bank in the World
  • 00:33:02
    Court over this loss of money the
  • 00:33:05
    citizens who were who bear the burden of
  • 00:33:07
    this debt never got the money why should
  • 00:33:10
    it still sit on their shoulders to be
  • 00:33:12
    repaid and his response was we would be
  • 00:33:15
    bankrupted and I said why dead because
  • 00:33:19
    this has gone on the world over I went
  • 00:33:23
    to Washington to interview the chief
  • 00:33:25
    economist of the World Bank
  • 00:33:27
    Nicholas stone I asked him to explain
  • 00:33:30
    how almost 30 percent of world bank
  • 00:33:33
    loans to Indonesia had been lost or
  • 00:33:36
    stolen we simply don't know what that
  • 00:33:40
    number is
  • 00:33:41
    in his recent internal report August 97
  • 00:33:45
    I quote we estimate that at least 20 to
  • 00:33:48
    30 percent of government of Indonesia
  • 00:33:50
    development budget funds are diverted
  • 00:33:53
    through informal payments to government
  • 00:33:56
    staff and politicians that number was
  • 00:34:00
    plucked at plucked out of the air lots
  • 00:34:02
    of times we have to guess with numbers
  • 00:34:04
    and the person who wrote that was
  • 00:34:06
    guessing somebody comes somebody comes
  • 00:34:07
    up with a number and it gets recycled
  • 00:34:09
    but it that the I don't dismiss the
  • 00:34:12
    issue but just let's not get hung up on
  • 00:34:14
    one figure which isn't a particularly
  • 00:34:16
    hard I mean if it is a third of what the
  • 00:34:19
    World Bank has put into one country in
  • 00:34:21
    Venice a serious it's a serious question
  • 00:34:23
    the when you have alone there's a lender
  • 00:34:27
    and a borrower and they share the
  • 00:34:31
    responsibility in some way there's
  • 00:34:33
    there's a strong case that has been made
  • 00:34:35
    by people have seen this evidence that
  • 00:34:37
    the World Bank was duped by the Suharto
  • 00:34:40
    regime claiming that poverty dropped 30
  • 00:34:42
    million and in fact poverty was around
  • 00:34:44
    of a 60 minute let's talk about the
  • 00:34:46
    heart of it as the income poverty
  • 00:34:48
    figures are always the most difficult
  • 00:34:49
    ones to get your hands on but I think
  • 00:34:52
    the illiteracy figures in the
  • 00:34:54
    infant mortality figures are in this
  • 00:34:56
    case probably more reliable and there
  • 00:34:59
    was some progress during that 30 year
  • 00:35:01
    period significant progress in cutting
  • 00:35:03
    illiteracy by half and so on
  • 00:35:04
    that's a very important step forward so
  • 00:35:06
    let's not lose sight of that 97 the
  • 00:35:09
    World Bank describes the economy under
  • 00:35:11
    Suharto and the famous report is
  • 00:35:13
    absolutely dynamic doing everything
  • 00:35:15
    right
  • 00:35:16
    terrific brilliant you know by that time
  • 00:35:19
    the whole Asian thing had already
  • 00:35:20
    started to collapse it wasn't until the
  • 00:35:24
    following year that the World Bank for
  • 00:35:26
    the first time in 30 years had anything
  • 00:35:29
    to say about a regime that is guilty of
  • 00:35:36
    mass murder why was there such a silence
  • 00:35:39
    that seemed to a lot of people simply to
  • 00:35:41
    be complicity with this murderous
  • 00:35:44
    dictatorship I think if we look back on
  • 00:35:48
    our analysis of the economy and the
  • 00:35:51
    politics at the time we've got a number
  • 00:35:53
    of things wrong and we have to
  • 00:35:56
    understand that we're gonna get things
  • 00:35:58
    wrong again not so many people called
  • 00:36:02
    the Asian crisis before it happened we
  • 00:36:06
    failed along with a large although
  • 00:36:09
    you're you all economists with yeah
  • 00:36:12
    fantastic degrees and brilliant
  • 00:36:15
    backgrounds and and how could you get it
  • 00:36:17
    that wrong we're gonna get it wrong some
  • 00:36:19
    of the time
  • 00:36:20
    I think non-economists get it wrong a
  • 00:36:22
    lot more often than economists but this
  • 00:36:25
    isn't a precise game and there are gonna
  • 00:36:28
    be a number of occasions in the future
  • 00:36:30
    where we get things wrong too
  • 00:36:31
    so globalization creates debts and debts
  • 00:36:34
    creates misery creates unemployment's
  • 00:36:37
    creates the crisis creates privatisation
  • 00:36:41
    a lot of states enterprise being
  • 00:36:43
    privatized so people will have to pay
  • 00:36:46
    more to have an access for for instance
  • 00:36:49
    like health education so it's not
  • 00:36:53
    natural that's it's not natural it's
  • 00:36:56
    it's designed there in effect the money
  • 00:36:59
    stolen by the Suharto family is being
  • 00:37:03
    repaid yeah
  • 00:37:05
    by my ass by the children
  • 00:37:15
    [Music]
  • 00:37:17
    every day more than a hundred million
  • 00:37:19
    dollars is transferred in debt
  • 00:37:22
    repayments from the poorest countries on
  • 00:37:25
    earth to the richest
  • 00:37:35
    the poverty of families like this is
  • 00:37:38
    paying off Indonesia's huge debt the
  • 00:37:42
    conditions of the IMF's latest loan
  • 00:37:44
    include a reduction in subsidies on
  • 00:37:46
    certain fuel and food half this man's
  • 00:37:50
    monthly wage of less than 40 pounds goes
  • 00:37:54
    on medical treatment for his children
  • 00:37:56
    who suffer from a serious blood disorder
  • 00:37:58
    as prices go up he cannot even afford
  • 00:38:02
    the special drugs that keep them alive
  • 00:38:10
    yamaneika sake the understand [ __ ]
  • 00:38:15
    da-da-da-da-da-da-da
  • 00:38:16
    and yet I want to preach at Casa Karan
  • 00:38:18
    can we be really up until you burn
  • 00:38:21
    injury here Gulen if you still are
  • 00:38:23
    selfish adhara to the pasty pushing
  • 00:38:29
    every pineapple on your garden excess
  • 00:38:32
    activity per day would have available in
  • 00:38:34
    kita bisa tariffs in German what robot
  • 00:38:38
    an originally extractor collaborative
  • 00:38:40
    R&D I'm Barbara and I she's not gonna
  • 00:38:50
    weigh America educating a nike Angus
  • 00:38:52
    abraha look at that automatically via
  • 00:38:55
    Madonna did a movie AngelList okay bro
  • 00:38:57
    buckle a [ __ ] visa litigator para
  • 00:39:00
    abandon you 12 you and I got a located
  • 00:39:04
    Martin Indyk is an economist if a man is
  • 00:39:08
    Karim
  • 00:39:11
    since OG Ganga yep I get that misciagna
  • 00:39:15
    prayer some of them Renta I could never
  • 00:39:17
    event a bigoted that is perentie Danann
  • 00:39:21
    super neck anyway messages per se llaman
  • 00:39:26
    things kurakin alhamdulillah disaster
  • 00:39:28
    mobile robot VR wallop on kita mechanic
  • 00:39:32
    I cannot see that weird al hamdulillah
  • 00:39:37
    in the global economy one American
  • 00:39:41
    corporation dominates the world trade in
  • 00:39:43
    food grains while almost half the
  • 00:39:46
    world's population like this family
  • 00:39:48
    attempt to live on less than $2 a day
  • 00:39:54
    [Music]
  • 00:39:56
    [Applause]
  • 00:40:01
    [Music]
  • 00:40:04
    what do you say to those 17 million
  • 00:40:06
    people who call for a complete and I
  • 00:40:09
    repeat complete cancellation of debt as
  • 00:40:11
    the only way to lift the huge number of
  • 00:40:16
    poor people in the world out of poverty
  • 00:40:19
    I'd say two things first what will lift
  • 00:40:24
    people out of poverty is not canceling
  • 00:40:27
    their debt but what the what policies
  • 00:40:29
    their countries pursue whether they
  • 00:40:30
    educate poor people whether they give
  • 00:40:33
    them health and so the question and then
  • 00:40:36
    what sort of economies they try to run
  • 00:40:38
    do they integrate them into the world
  • 00:40:40
    economy or do they run corrupt economies
  • 00:40:43
    those are the primary determinants of
  • 00:40:45
    how well countries will do that is the
  • 00:40:48
    answer to how or what determines that
  • 00:40:52
    whether people get out of poverty it can
  • 00:40:54
    be done it has been done should we
  • 00:40:56
    cancel the debt counseling that is one
  • 00:40:59
    way of giving resources to poor
  • 00:41:01
    countries what I'd like to see is a much
  • 00:41:04
    greater flow of resources to poor
  • 00:41:06
    countries I'd like to see the markets of
  • 00:41:08
    the industrialized countries open so
  • 00:41:10
    that these countries where people are
  • 00:41:12
    poor and can produce agriculture are
  • 00:41:14
    able to export that's what will get them
  • 00:41:17
    out of poverty the statement debt relief
  • 00:41:19
    is the only thing that will get them out
  • 00:41:21
    of poverty is wrong it would help
  • 00:41:24
    provided it as a company by whole set of
  • 00:41:27
    other measures but surely debt even in
  • 00:41:29
    one's own life and especially a poor
  • 00:41:32
    person's life is the greatest cause of
  • 00:41:36
    real poverty no and and when you have a
  • 00:41:39
    country devoting half its budget to
  • 00:41:44
    paying or for debt when you have the
  • 00:41:47
    poorest countries in the world sending
  • 00:41:48
    out millions of dollars into the rich
  • 00:41:50
    world surely as a priority that debt has
  • 00:41:56
    to wear that debt has to be either a
  • 00:41:59
    leave substantially or go altogether
  • 00:42:01
    doesn't that mean it just seems common
  • 00:42:03
    sense to me if I got that wrong yeah
  • 00:42:05
    you've got it wrong Oh let me explain
  • 00:42:07
    okay first of all you are indebted and I
  • 00:42:11
    am
  • 00:42:11
    indebted and I would not be better off
  • 00:42:13
    if I was somebody to come and counsel my
  • 00:42:15
    debt because I've never be able to
  • 00:42:17
    borrow again and debt is a normal way of
  • 00:42:20
    borrowing in order to do things purchase
  • 00:42:23
    goods invest when you don't have the
  • 00:42:26
    resources and they'll generate an income
  • 00:42:28
    and you'll repay so the notion that all
  • 00:42:30
    debts should be cancer's bad one
  • 00:42:32
    financial systems operate on the basis
  • 00:42:35
    of debt that is paid the Human Rights
  • 00:42:39
    Commission of the United Nations in a
  • 00:42:40
    very comprehensive report said my quote
  • 00:42:43
    the institutions of globalization have
  • 00:42:45
    yet to seriously address the issue of
  • 00:42:47
    human rights in a democratic fashion
  • 00:42:51
    globalization has caused global
  • 00:42:53
    conditions of inequality and
  • 00:42:55
    discrimination well what's your response
  • 00:42:59
    to that
  • 00:43:00
    hi simply can't respond because I have
  • 00:43:03
    no idea where what what evidence that
  • 00:43:06
    are referring to human globalization is
  • 00:43:09
    caused discrimination he thought it was
  • 00:43:12
    the opposite I'd have thought that they
  • 00:43:14
    for instance they singled out workers in
  • 00:43:16
    third world economic processing zones
  • 00:43:19
    again part of a prescription may not be
  • 00:43:23
    IMF prescription but certainly part of
  • 00:43:26
    the global prescription in which it said
  • 00:43:31
    these workers were prey for exploitation
  • 00:43:34
    and because unemployment for instance
  • 00:43:37
    they mentioned Indonesia had been forced
  • 00:43:40
    down by the so-called economic crisis of
  • 00:43:44
    the late 90s their human rights were
  • 00:43:46
    lost now Indonesia grew as a result of
  • 00:43:51
    integrating into the global economy from
  • 00:43:54
    the 60s on and incomes in indonesia
  • 00:43:57
    arose it was a dictatorship some of
  • 00:44:00
    their rights were were suppressed and it
  • 00:44:03
    was a very bad dictatorship a mr.
  • 00:44:05
    fisherman is you say some of their
  • 00:44:07
    rights were repressed a third of the
  • 00:44:09
    population of East Timor died or were
  • 00:44:11
    killed under the Suharto regime what are
  • 00:44:14
    you asking me that question for do you
  • 00:44:16
    think we supported the Suharto regime
  • 00:44:18
    don't be ridiculous
  • 00:44:19
    well did you speak out against the did
  • 00:44:21
    your did your institution the IMF
  • 00:44:24
    speak out the worldbank didn't the first
  • 00:44:27
    time after 30 odd years in there the
  • 00:44:29
    first time they spoke out was 1998 what
  • 00:44:31
    are the IMF say about it when the IMF
  • 00:44:33
    went into Indonesia it insisted on a
  • 00:44:37
    removal of a host of corrupt practices
  • 00:44:40
    that began to weaken that regime it was
  • 00:44:43
    not an intended consequence but it was
  • 00:44:45
    intended that we went in and helped
  • 00:44:49
    remove the corrupt practices in a
  • 00:44:51
    variety of Monopoly areas and because
  • 00:45:01
    now the government has recommended by
  • 00:45:03
    the IMF has already cutting off a lot of
  • 00:45:07
    subsidies not only all the electricity
  • 00:45:09
    but also water and education and
  • 00:45:12
    subsidies and agriculture so it means
  • 00:45:16
    that the workers if they have sons or
  • 00:45:18
    daughters they have to pay more if they
  • 00:45:22
    want to put them put their children to
  • 00:45:26
    school before of course people eat three
  • 00:45:33
    meals a day but now they have to also
  • 00:45:37
    make efficiency
  • 00:45:40
    so they eat instead of three they eat
  • 00:45:43
    twice a day and all they reduce the
  • 00:45:50
    quality of the food so that's why maybe
  • 00:45:54
    the level of productivity is getting
  • 00:45:56
    getting lower because people are getting
  • 00:45:58
    poor and getting tired and if you are
  • 00:46:00
    tired you cannot work properly
  • 00:46:07
    [Music]
  • 00:46:20
    jeepers
  • 00:46:23
    [Music]
  • 00:46:29
    [Music]
  • 00:46:31
    two years ago thousands of protesters
  • 00:46:34
    from all over the world converged on the
  • 00:46:37
    American city of Seattle where the World
  • 00:46:39
    Trade Organization was meeting this was
  • 00:46:43
    news because it happened in America
  • 00:46:48
    and yet throughout the world in Africa
  • 00:46:52
    Latin America Asia a deeper movement
  • 00:46:55
    against globalization has been growing
  • 00:46:57
    for years but this is not considered
  • 00:47:01
    news on every continent millions of
  • 00:47:05
    ordinary people have protested against
  • 00:47:07
    the power of the IMF and the World Bank
  • 00:47:10
    and the imposition of Western power
  • 00:47:13
    people have marched and petitioned
  • 00:47:15
    against privatization against selling
  • 00:47:18
    off their water against turning their
  • 00:47:21
    farms into suppliers for the dinner
  • 00:47:23
    tables of the rich now the protests have
  • 00:47:27
    spread to Western countries from Seattle
  • 00:47:30
    to Melbourne London to Genoa the
  • 00:47:36
    coverage of these events follows a
  • 00:47:38
    pattern it seems it's only news when
  • 00:47:41
    there's violence even when the great
  • 00:47:43
    majority of the protesters are peaceful
  • 00:47:45
    in contrast the violence of the economic
  • 00:47:48
    policies they are protesting about his
  • 00:47:51
    seldom news in the weeks and days
  • 00:47:54
    leading up to May Day in London the
  • 00:47:57
    police and the government orchestrated a
  • 00:47:59
    propaganda campaign
  • 00:48:02
    the aim clearly was to alienate the
  • 00:48:05
    public from the demonstrators by
  • 00:48:07
    representing them collectively as
  • 00:48:09
    violent and by suppressing the very
  • 00:48:12
    issues that have public support the
  • 00:48:15
    limits of Tolerance are passed when
  • 00:48:18
    protesters in the name of some spurious
  • 00:48:21
    cause seek to inflict fear terror
  • 00:48:24
    violence and criminal damage on our
  • 00:48:26
    people and property to tony blair the
  • 00:48:30
    rich getting richer and the poor getting
  • 00:48:33
    poorer is a spurious cause when May Day
  • 00:48:39
    came 6,000 police turned part of
  • 00:48:42
    London's West End into a giant detention
  • 00:48:45
    camp I think the the issue of violence
  • 00:48:50
    which were constantly asked about this
  • 00:48:53
    may our main way in I think that the key
  • 00:48:56
    to these things is actually getting mass
  • 00:48:58
    and amounts of people involved because
  • 00:49:00
    the media will put one one point of view
  • 00:49:02
    across time and time again you know that
  • 00:49:04
    the mindless hooligan aside but when you
  • 00:49:06
    think about the the mass redundancies
  • 00:49:08
    that poverty the starvation the literal
  • 00:49:12
    raping of a country through through
  • 00:49:13
    through through third world and what
  • 00:49:16
    have you
  • 00:49:16
    now that is violence on a huge scale
  • 00:49:18
    it's genocide
  • 00:49:23
    the newest ruler of the world is the
  • 00:49:26
    world trade organization based in Geneva
  • 00:49:29
    the Economist magazine calls it an
  • 00:49:32
    embryo world government and yet no one
  • 00:49:35
    has voted for it The effect of its
  • 00:49:40
    policies make it illegal for governments
  • 00:49:43
    to hinder the profits of big business
  • 00:49:45
    this is known as free trade if there's
  • 00:49:49
    one feature about the global economy
  • 00:49:51
    it's the companies have globalized but
  • 00:49:54
    we haven't regulated the global
  • 00:49:56
    companies and and that's the change that
  • 00:49:58
    we've got to put into this international
  • 00:50:00
    system if we're ever going to get rules
  • 00:50:03
    that are ferrars to workers fairer to
  • 00:50:05
    the world's poor fairer to all of those
  • 00:50:08
    who are affected by this international
  • 00:50:09
    production system people can't stand by
  • 00:50:13
    they can't be spectators when we're
  • 00:50:15
    faced with forces like this they joined
  • 00:50:18
    this movement and the movement starts to
  • 00:50:20
    gather momentum already we've had some
  • 00:50:23
    extraordinary successes we managed to
  • 00:50:26
    stop the implementation of a crazy idea
  • 00:50:30
    called the multilateral agreement on
  • 00:50:33
    investment which would have allowed
  • 00:50:34
    corporations to sue governments for the
  • 00:50:37
    removal of any law which they didn't
  • 00:50:38
    like now that was being promoted that
  • 00:50:41
    idea by the 29 most powerful countries
  • 00:50:44
    on earth it was being promoted by all
  • 00:50:46
    the major multinational corporations and
  • 00:50:49
    all the big institutions such as the
  • 00:50:51
    World Trade Organization and a ragged
  • 00:50:53
    band of dissenters around the world
  • 00:50:55
    managed to stop it we beat them and if
  • 00:50:59
    we can beat that we can beat anything
  • 00:51:01
    what is with the people is the fact that
  • 00:51:04
    the corporations and the super power are
  • 00:51:07
    using more and more fabricated
  • 00:51:11
    propaganda people can now see through
  • 00:51:13
    the spin people know they cannot believe
  • 00:51:16
    anymore what is said and the people are
  • 00:51:19
    starting to draw their support they're
  • 00:51:22
    starting to say now a government that
  • 00:51:25
    only protects to pay Pepsi and the coke
  • 00:51:27
    in the McDonald it's not our government
  • 00:51:31
    in rich countries like Britain
  • 00:51:33
    globalization is well advanced the
  • 00:51:36
    disastrous selling off of the railways
  • 00:51:38
    and the creeping privatisation of
  • 00:51:41
    everything from health care to air
  • 00:51:43
    traffic control the financial pages
  • 00:51:47
    celebrate a booming economy yet one in
  • 00:51:51
    five British children grows up in
  • 00:51:53
    poverty there are almost 10 million
  • 00:51:56
    Britons living in poverty the gap
  • 00:52:01
    between the rich and the rest gets wider
  • 00:52:03
    and this is said to be a spurious cause
  • 00:52:11
    all over the world millions of ordinary
  • 00:52:13
    people are asking why they have no say
  • 00:52:17
    in decisions that bring hardship to
  • 00:52:19
    their lives they don't accept the view
  • 00:52:22
    of President Bush and Prime Minister
  • 00:52:24
    Blair that there's no other way
  • 00:52:26
    in Britain the fact that only 25% of the
  • 00:52:29
    electorate voted for the Blair
  • 00:52:31
    government is part of this great unease
  • 00:52:34
    why people ask should we accept the
  • 00:52:37
    system of winners and losers a system
  • 00:52:40
    that puts a dollar sign on every public
  • 00:52:42
    service and almost every human value why
  • 00:52:45
    not abolish the World Bank and the IMF
  • 00:52:48
    and the World Trade Organization and
  • 00:52:50
    replaced them with genuine Trade and
  • 00:52:53
    Development institutions that are
  • 00:52:55
    democratically accountable and why not
  • 00:52:58
    cancel a debt that condemns nations like
  • 00:53:01
    Indonesia to poverty and disease these
  • 00:53:05
    are dangerous times the one superpower
  • 00:53:08
    left in the world has made its ambitions
  • 00:53:10
    clear this is a document of the United
  • 00:53:13
    States Space Command it says the
  • 00:53:17
    globalization of the world economy will
  • 00:53:19
    continue with a widening between haves
  • 00:53:21
    and have-nots it says only military
  • 00:53:24
    dominance will protect America's
  • 00:53:27
    commercial interests why should we
  • 00:53:30
    accept this why should our children have
  • 00:53:33
    to face these divisions and dangers none
  • 00:53:36
    of them is god-given all of them can be
  • 00:53:39
    changed
标签
  • globalization
  • Indonesia
  • inequality
  • sweatshops
  • multinational corporations
  • economic exploitation
  • IMF
  • World Bank
  • poverty
  • human rights