00:00:05
[Applause]
00:00:08
I don't often get into pilgrim country
00:00:11
so you'll have to forgive me if I don't
00:00:13
know some of the local folklore here I
00:00:17
understand the only successful
00:00:20
demonstration you people in
00:00:21
Massachusetts ever held well you dressed
00:00:23
up as Indians and I understand your town
00:00:30
is named after one of our favorite
00:00:32
people huh Jeffrey Amherst - distributed
00:00:36
smallpox blankets to the Indians in the
00:00:39
Ohio Valley
00:00:48
of late I've picked up theological in
00:00:54
anthropological critics because of my
00:00:58
attacks on them so to shorten the
00:01:02
questioning period considerably I'll
00:01:06
make some preliminary remarks on those
00:01:08
two brands of humanity and then they
00:01:10
won't have to ask me questions
00:01:11
afterwards we've had a ongoing battle
00:01:17
with anthropologists for a number of
00:01:20
years revolving around two basic
00:01:25
concepts one of which is that they
00:01:28
continue to act as if the only valid
00:01:32
Indians were the first Indians that one
00:01:35
of the anthropologists ran across and
00:01:38
every one born since is somehow not
00:01:40
quite an Indian because he doesn't
00:01:43
conform to their scholarly opinions and
00:01:47
so we've had a running battle with them
00:01:50
on that account at the present time
00:01:53
there are very strange relationships
00:01:56
between the number of tribes in museums
00:01:59
where various anthropologists have
00:02:02
gathered the sacred objects medicine
00:02:05
bags things pertaining to Indian
00:02:08
religions and they've kept them in these
00:02:09
museums in an effort to educate the
00:02:15
schoolchildren of this country as to the
00:02:16
great American heritage and we've had
00:02:21
battles in the state of New York over
00:02:22
the Iroquois wampum belt the Smithsonian
00:02:26
changes their exhibits every time a
00:02:28
tribe starts into the museum because
00:02:29
they have some sacred masks of the
00:02:32
zuni's that they want to display but
00:02:34
they don't want the zuni's to know they
00:02:35
have them and so you get some very
00:02:38
frantic anthropologists running around
00:02:40
there now I don't say if these people
00:02:43
are all bad I wouldn't want my sister or
00:02:47
daughter to marry one
00:02:52
but we found a place for them now in
00:02:55
modern society and that is working on
00:02:57
the population explosion because if they
00:03:02
teach sex education the way they teach
00:03:04
anthropology everybody's gonna lose
00:03:05
interest and that problem will be
00:03:12
shortly solved
00:03:16
speaking in the east you don't run into
00:03:18
people the Bureau of Indian Affairs you
00:03:20
speak out west half your audience is
00:03:23
generally people from the Bureau of
00:03:25
Indian Affairs coming to see if you're
00:03:27
telling the truth about them so they can
00:03:29
report back to the area office what you
00:03:32
said in try and get you in trouble with
00:03:35
your tribe for most of you probably the
00:03:38
Bureau of Indian Affairs is a very
00:03:39
obscure esoteric
00:03:41
government agency I taught at Western
00:03:45
Washington State last fall and the
00:03:49
students had a big demonstration to
00:03:51
protest the Amchitka atomic explosion I
00:03:55
went out in the square where we had the
00:03:58
rally and the students were telling me
00:04:02
that shooting off this bomb would cause
00:04:05
tidal waves and earthquakes they said
00:04:08
there's no place on earth that's safe to
00:04:10
set that bomb off and I said yeah
00:04:13
there's one place that's the Bureau of
00:04:15
Indian Affairs be and nothing is going
00:04:17
to shake that institution but I've done
00:04:22
some research on the Bureau of Indian
00:04:23
Affairs lately and I come up with the
00:04:25
answer and that is that before General
00:04:29
Custer went to the Little Bighorn he
00:04:31
stopped by the Bureau and said don't do
00:04:32
anything till I get back
00:04:44
lately we like to refer to it as a
00:04:46
hotbed of inertia now ten years ago
00:04:53
these were our chief enemies and over
00:04:58
the last ten years I think we made
00:05:01
considerable progress against the bureau
00:05:07
about three years ago I think most of
00:05:09
you finally became aware of Indians when
00:05:12
Indian activists took over Alcatraz and
00:05:15
then we had a series of activist groups
00:05:17
out west landing on Islands I went out
00:05:22
about two weeks after we took Alcatraz
00:05:25
and talked to some of the people out
00:05:28
there we tried to set up some lobbyists
00:05:31
in Washington so we could get control
00:05:33
the island and I went back to Washington
00:05:35
DC in January tried to talk to people in
00:05:38
the Nixon administration about getting
00:05:41
the island for an Indian Cultural Center
00:05:43
and I ran into one very conservative
00:05:47
Republican shook his finger at me and he
00:05:49
said you get those Indians out of that
00:05:51
prisoner we're gonna put him in jail and
00:05:55
I never could get the logic to that but
00:05:59
any group that put Rehnquist on the
00:06:01
Supreme Court is not terribly logical to
00:06:05
begin with in recent years I'd say the
00:06:11
end of 71 and 72 Indians appear to have
00:06:17
gone out of the fad stage as far as the
00:06:21
media goes I know New York Times and
00:06:25
some others still think chief red fox is
00:06:27
101 year old Sioux Indian none of us
00:06:30
ever did but the New York Times and
00:06:36
several others who really could not face
00:06:39
the problems of modern Indians in effect
00:06:43
went out and created one that was a
00:06:44
hundred years old that they could
00:06:46
reminisce with
00:06:47
I talked to one anthropologist who had
00:06:51
entered anthropology because when he was
00:06:54
8 years old he went to Cleveland Ohio
00:06:57
and chief red fox was advertising
00:06:58
sausages and he was so impressed with
00:07:01
chief red fox he decided to devote his
00:07:03
life to preservation of SU culture and I
00:07:11
think that's the starting position of
00:07:14
most people entering anthropologists and
00:07:16
one traumatic charismatic moment where
00:07:20
they spy another culture now I think the
00:07:24
reason that Indians appear to have lost
00:07:30
the attention of the media and are not
00:07:35
the favourites of Time and Newsweek
00:07:38
anymore
00:07:39
is that in large measure we've
00:07:41
accomplished a great many things that we
00:07:43
wanted to accomplish in the last 10
00:07:45
years at the beginning of the Kennedy
00:07:49
administration we had a great many very
00:07:53
powerful political enemies in Washington
00:07:55
DC these people were for the most part
00:07:59
determined to stamp out all Indian
00:08:01
culture all Indian treaty rights they
00:08:06
would always come to the reservation to
00:08:09
have a war bonnet put on them at
00:08:11
election time the minute the election
00:08:14
was over and you went in tried to talk
00:08:15
with him y-you were immediately faced
00:08:18
with another General Custer or Jeffrey
00:08:21
Amherst over the last 10 years a number
00:08:26
of Indian tribes become very active in
00:08:28
political events in the West I'm happy
00:08:33
to tell you that two weeks ago we
00:08:34
retired Wayne Aspen all of Colorado
00:08:37
Clinton Anderson of New Mexico got too
00:08:40
old to daughter around interior we've
00:08:44
gotten rid of a lot of staff men who
00:08:46
used to be very anti Indian we
00:08:54
are not going to apparently play a very
00:08:56
big role in the 1972 presidential
00:08:59
election if you read the latest poll
00:09:01
Richard Nixon's now head by 39 points
00:09:06
one old Indian told me a society always
00:09:09
gets what it deserves and that's why
00:09:11
Nixon is that far hidden I don't want to
00:09:15
explain that remark the emphasis has
00:09:20
shifted rather dramatically from
00:09:22
activist events following Alcatraz we
00:09:28
had a group planned on fort lon
00:09:30
which is a fort in Seattle that was
00:09:33
about to be declared surplus we had a
00:09:37
group blend at the light house in
00:09:40
Milwaukee they were thinking of taking
00:09:44
over the Milwaukee Yacht Club but they
00:09:46
didn't have enough men to occupy both
00:09:48
places I asked them why they wanted to
00:09:51
take over the Milwaukee Yacht Club they
00:09:54
said they wanted to have red Suns in the
00:09:56
sail set but they we now have a Indian
00:10:03
culture school at the old lighthouse
00:10:05
site in Milwaukee it's funded through
00:10:07
health education welfare funds and it's
00:10:12
one of about five or six Indian cultural
00:10:16
schools in urban areas that came about
00:10:18
as a direct result of the activism now
00:10:23
if you look at the events of those three
00:10:28
activist years almost everything that
00:10:32
happened revolved around the concept of
00:10:34
land and it was not simply clarifying
00:10:40
titles to land but it was Indian people
00:10:42
trying to get specific pieces of land in
00:10:44
order to set up cultural centers Indian
00:10:47
study centers spiritual centers and even
00:10:53
though these protests were somewhat
00:10:55
symbolic they were able to communicate
00:10:58
with Richard Nixon and other people in
00:11:01
the current administration so that
00:11:05
we were able to break through in the
00:11:08
last two years and get a great many
00:11:14
things that we'd been trying to get for
00:11:15
over a period of 50 years since 1962 the
00:11:23
Indian Claims Commission had ruled that
00:11:24
the Blue Lake belonged to Taos Pueblo
00:11:26
and the United States should return the
00:11:28
lake the senior Democrats in Congress
00:11:32
refused to pass legislation that would
00:11:36
return that lake to us finally the White
00:11:39
House entered I hate to be given Nixon
00:11:43
credit for this but he did put a lot of
00:11:46
muscle on the Republican Party the son
00:11:49
of the bill went to the floor of the
00:11:51
Senate where they had a very vicious
00:11:53
fight over the concept of restoring
00:11:55
sacred lands to Indians the
00:11:57
administration bill carried by a wide
00:12:01
majority in approximately 48,000 acres
00:12:05
of sacred land that was sacred to Taos
00:12:07
Pueblo was transferred to them since
00:12:12
then we've gotten 12 12,000 acres that
00:12:16
included Mount Adams in the state of
00:12:17
Washington which was a shrine of the
00:12:20
Yakima Indians of that state last
00:12:23
Thursday and the Nixon administration
00:12:26
returned 61 thousand acres to the Warm
00:12:30
Springs tribe of Oregon and they're
00:12:34
presently writing up a bill to give the
00:12:36
Tonto Apaches 85-acre reservation in
00:12:39
Arizona recognize them as a federal
00:12:41
tribe and these were major items on the
00:12:47
Indian agenda at the beginning of the
00:12:49
1960's almost everything that you would
00:12:55
read or hear about your relationship the
00:12:59
contemporary Indian problem revolved
00:13:01
around the concept of land restoration
00:13:05
now through the 50s and up to 1966 it
00:13:09
was extremely difficult for us to
00:13:11
advocate and communicate the desire to
00:13:15
restore tribal lands particularly tribal
00:13:18
lands that had sacred shrines on them
00:13:22
and I believe the reason that it was
00:13:27
difficult is that when you come into the
00:13:30
value structure of American Indian
00:13:32
people you're talking about religious
00:13:37
and philosophical ideas that are
00:13:38
directly opposed to Western culture to
00:13:42
Christianity in the whole tradition of
00:13:45
the West and consequently raising the
00:13:50
issue of Sacred Lands appears in one
00:13:53
context politically when you transfer
00:13:57
the ideas behind that over into another
00:13:59
context I think you find the American
00:14:02
Indian stand directly opposed to the
00:14:05
interpretations of what this world is
00:14:08
that have been shared by non-indian
00:14:13
people of the United States and this
00:14:18
involves the concept of death the
00:14:20
concept of creation concept of animal
00:14:23
and plant life the concept of what the
00:14:25
universe consists of I think what you're
00:14:32
seeing at the present time in in the
00:14:34
virtual disappearance of Indian activism
00:14:38
is the beginning of a struggle in a very
00:14:40
new level that is a lot of activists who
00:14:44
had up to this time can been rather
00:14:47
content to land on Islands address
00:14:50
audiences on the subject of racism and
00:14:53
the third world revolution a lot of
00:14:55
these people have dropped out of the
00:14:56
activist movement and they're back on
00:14:58
the reservations and they're studying
00:14:59
under the religious and holy men of the
00:15:02
tribe a lot of the ceremonies are being
00:15:06
renewed there's a tremendous sweeping
00:15:10
under current going through Indian
00:15:12
country that involves traditional
00:15:14
religion
00:15:16
I think this will surface in four or
00:15:18
five years and I think this time instead
00:15:22
of a civil rights movement starting on
00:15:25
the basis of equality with the dual
00:15:30
problems of segregation integration
00:15:33
community power all of the things that
00:15:35
we've experienced in the last 20 years
00:15:36
that you're going to see a whole new
00:15:40
phenomenon of social questions raised
00:15:43
and as I say I don't think it'll be for
00:15:46
another five years I think what we're
00:15:49
seeing now in this law is people storing
00:15:54
psychic energy and their emotional
00:15:56
batteries getting ready for another run
00:15:59
at an attempt to define what America is
00:16:04
now if you look into religious and
00:16:08
political traditions of the European
00:16:11
white men as he's coming over here you
00:16:16
find that this man for 1,500 years has
00:16:19
been in a religion that taught him that
00:16:22
the original man on earth bit into an
00:16:25
apple and thereby damned creation all of
00:16:29
the life species of creation all of the
00:16:32
men who could ever live in that creation
00:16:36
the religion taught him that the
00:16:38
universe was completely alien to him he
00:16:42
had no relationship with it whatsoever
00:16:45
for 1,500 years Christians proclaim they
00:16:49
were in the world but not of it
00:16:52
consequently no responsibility was ever
00:16:55
felt to the world since the interest in
00:17:00
Indians has come along you can go into
00:17:01
any bookstore and get thousands of
00:17:03
anthologies and they usually put Chief
00:17:06
Joseph surrender speech right in the
00:17:08
middle of the book because that's always
00:17:09
the high point of the anthology the
00:17:13
early selections continually speak of
00:17:17
the paradise that existed on this
00:17:19
continent and how stunned the early
00:17:23
explorers were
00:17:24
that Indian tribes kept treaties without
00:17:27
demanding a piece of paper to take into
00:17:31
a law court they had no jails and
00:17:34
orphanages that in a great many ways
00:17:40
Indian society was almost the Garden of
00:17:43
Eden society it is not and of course
00:17:49
cannot be that today because we are so
00:17:51
involved with a number of things we've
00:17:54
had to adapt to so many forces from the
00:17:59
outside but in the original concept as
00:18:02
the original explorers found the
00:18:05
American Indian tribes that religion
00:18:08
emphasized the unity of life the kinship
00:18:12
of all living species to one another
00:18:17
over a period of three hundred years the
00:18:24
continent was systematically settled in
00:18:27
many instances almost totally destroyed
00:18:35
in many ways irredeemably destroyed if
00:18:39
you go to the Appalachian Mountains
00:18:41
today you realize no matter how many ads
00:18:44
Peabody Coal and Kennecott Copper runnin
00:18:47
Time magazine that land will never be
00:18:48
the same as you look through the various
00:18:52
anthologies you find over and over again
00:18:56
the various Indian tribes say we cannot
00:18:58
sell this land because this land
00:19:00
contains the bones of our fathers and
00:19:02
grandfathers this is where our spirits
00:19:05
are this is where people have always
00:19:06
been you find throughout these
00:19:11
anthologies
00:19:13
various Indian chiefs saying that we
00:19:16
cannot sell this land because you have
00:19:18
to dig down three feet before you reach
00:19:21
the earth because the rest of this is
00:19:23
the dust of our ancestors in 1926 Luther
00:19:32
Standing Bear of the Sioux tribe
00:19:36
predicted there would be continual
00:19:38
psychic disruptions continual conflict
00:19:42
and continual confusion because he said
00:19:46
the white man can never dig his roots
00:19:49
into the soil of this land and take root
00:19:52
in the Christian religion your top that
00:19:58
there is physical resurrection of the
00:20:01
body consequently when you die as a
00:20:05
Christian your body is put in a
00:20:07
waterproof air proof rust proof casket
00:20:12
stuck into a ground and the stone is put
00:20:15
there waiting the day of the second
00:20:18
coming and at no point is there any
00:20:21
intention that's you or your spirit or
00:20:25
your body become part of the land your
00:20:29
segregated in a cemetery very close to
00:20:32
the church so the devil can't get your
00:20:33
spirit and in every way possible your
00:20:36
bodies are preserved so that they'll be
00:20:39
ready for the resurrection and
00:20:44
consequently there is no point in the
00:20:48
Christian religion in which the people
00:20:50
can relate to the land at all that they
00:20:54
are continually alienated from the land
00:21:01
and what we have fought for the last 10
00:21:04
or 15 years is to bring this Indian
00:21:07
concept of religion into the courts into
00:21:10
public consciousness into the
00:21:15
intellectual struggle to define modern
00:21:17
America because there's substantial
00:21:20
number of Indian people that think this
00:21:22
is not only a vital concept it's a
00:21:25
crucial concept for contemporary America
00:21:30
because what we have going on at the
00:21:32
present time and you can go into almost
00:21:34
any state and see this the Christian
00:21:38
concept of man alienated from nature has
00:21:42
been given a beneficial veneer and that
00:21:45
is called tax exemption or tax
00:21:47
deductable items so the land in this
00:21:52
society in the animals in plants living
00:21:55
on it have value for this society
00:21:58
insofar as you can put them on your
00:22:02
income tax form every year depreciation
00:22:07
of land lends a good investment if you
00:22:12
capitalize amortize and go through all
00:22:15
of these other things that you go
00:22:16
through and a great many people own land
00:22:20
and never see it because what they see
00:22:24
is a piece of paper that describes the
00:22:26
location of this thing consequently
00:22:31
there is no way in present-day America
00:22:33
for a community or even a very small
00:22:37
group of individuals to relate to any
00:22:39
particular piece of land and where no
00:22:45
one can relate to it what has been a
00:22:49
very beneficial concept of individual
00:22:51
ownership becomes a very demonic thing
00:22:55
because what law then does is protect
00:22:58
one man's right to use his land to the
00:23:01
detriment of everybody else in that
00:23:03
society
00:23:06
I didn't realize how drastic the
00:23:09
situation was till I went down in
00:23:10
Appalachia this last spring when the
00:23:15
coal companies get through with Kentucky
00:23:17
all you're going to have is the Kentucky
00:23:19
Derby ground and the interstates going
00:23:22
through the state and everything else
00:23:23
will have been strip mined Kentucky was
00:23:28
once one of the most beautiful places on
00:23:30
earth in the far west we're fighting a
00:23:36
very drastic fight against the Interior
00:23:38
Department simply to allow the wild
00:23:41
animals to live on federal lands some of
00:23:46
the newspaper items that you frequently
00:23:48
come across are these battles out there
00:23:51
to allow the Mustang and maverick horses
00:23:55
that run through Wyoming in Utah to
00:23:59
allow them to live one more year as wild
00:24:02
animals as animals who have a right to
00:24:04
exist against that are the combined
00:24:08
forces of the Stockman the Canton dog
00:24:10
food manufacturers the oil companies who
00:24:14
want to get into the shale and here
00:24:17
you're opposing two different ideas an
00:24:21
Indian concept to creation that a living
00:24:24
being or living species has the right to
00:24:26
exist in and of itself and not because
00:24:31
it is economically feasible for another
00:24:33
species or because it happens to fit
00:24:36
into an overall plan of development
00:24:40
Department of Interior every year puts a
00:24:43
substantial budget into what they call
00:24:45
predator control if you walk through the
00:24:50
Rocky Mountains today you don't hear the
00:24:52
voice of any living thing the only thing
00:24:54
that you will occasionally hear is a jet
00:24:56
plane going overhead or a super highway
00:24:58
in the distance predator control is
00:25:04
based on a mythological interpretation
00:25:07
of what Internal Revenue calls
00:25:09
depreciation and law allowable losses
00:25:14
well meaning Colorado parts of Montana
00:25:17
and Utah
00:25:18
used to have considerable wildlife on
00:25:20
them Internal Revenue Code was changed
00:25:24
to allow sheepmen and cattlemen to
00:25:27
deduct losses taken by predators every
00:25:30
year I don't know how far how long ago
00:25:34
that was but no cow or sheep has died a
00:25:38
natural death in those four states ever
00:25:40
since that section went in because if a
00:25:45
sheep would die a natural death in
00:25:47
Wyoming it could not be deducted from
00:25:49
income tax if the Sheep is killed by a
00:25:53
mythological eagle then it becomes a
00:25:56
tax-deductible loss and is carried on
00:25:58
the books to be balanced against income
00:26:02
over the last 20 years you have the
00:26:05
number of sheep in Wyoming going down
00:26:08
the number of lambs killed going up and
00:26:11
the number of eagles killed going up so
00:26:17
the story is that there's one eagle out
00:26:19
there someplace that's averaging
00:26:20
something like a thousand lambs a day
00:26:29
the current move toward ecology and
00:26:34
attempting to build a new type of social
00:26:38
understanding of what we're talking
00:26:39
about in social movement in this last
00:26:44
year I've been in a number of political
00:26:46
controversies and at almost every point
00:26:48
we have conservationists pitted against
00:26:51
minority groups conservationists pitted
00:26:54
against the rural poor we have the Corps
00:26:58
of Engineers in the Bureau of
00:26:59
Reclamation standing back and choosing
00:27:02
sides between the people involved in the
00:27:05
controversy and ending up getting their
00:27:07
programs put through regardless of what
00:27:10
the ultimate value of the project is and
00:27:16
consequently it is not going to be easy
00:27:17
to come out of the post-civil rights
00:27:20
post-vietnam protest days and talk about
00:27:26
coalition's for social movement that are
00:27:29
based on what are really old concepts
00:27:32
and that is that you stack all of the
00:27:35
interest groups on one side of the scale
00:27:37
and hope you get 51% and if you get 51%
00:27:40
you think you can carry it politically
00:27:43
but what you're talking about is the
00:27:46
emergence of fundamentally opposed views
00:27:52
that is the traditional Western view
00:27:54
that nature is dead that nature is bad
00:27:57
the man is an alien in this world in
00:28:03
what is basically in the American Indian
00:28:04
view that nature is alive the nature is
00:28:08
good and we don't care whether there's
00:28:11
another world or not and we're too busy
00:28:14
occupy it finding out what this one is
00:28:16
and I think these are the two points of
00:28:20
view that inevitably must come out of
00:28:24
all the social confusion that we see
00:28:25
today we've had sporadic
00:28:30
instances of women's liberation
00:28:32
movements in the Indian country in many
00:28:36
traditional tribes it's the men who need
00:28:39
liberation and not the women in Indian
00:28:41
country many tribes the clan mothers
00:28:45
choose who will be the leaders they
00:28:48
choose who will be the religious leaders
00:28:49
they make almost all of the decisions
00:28:51
that the tribe makes women's liberation
00:28:57
is a concept that Indian people can
00:29:00
relate to but relate to in a far
00:29:03
different cultural context because in
00:29:08
our tribal history the various
00:29:11
distinctions that are made within the
00:29:14
Indian community are definite
00:29:17
definitions of roles there is not a
00:29:21
primary interpretation which is either
00:29:24
masculine or feminine in there but more
00:29:28
of a cooperative communal sense category
00:29:36
it's very difficult to begin to lay the
00:29:40
guidelines for what a lot of us think
00:29:44
could be the social movements of the 70s
00:29:48
in 1954 the Supreme Court came down with
00:29:53
bound versus Topeka Board of Education
00:29:56
which was the primary case that laid the
00:30:00
groundwork at least legally and
00:30:01
politically for the civil rights
00:30:03
movement in that same year Congress
00:30:07
passed something like 14 termination
00:30:10
acts and began systematically destroying
00:30:12
the tribes of this country throughout
00:30:17
the early 60s we were talking about the
00:30:21
necessity of developing new concepts of
00:30:26
what capital is and what capital can do
00:30:29
for communities
00:30:32
I recently did a study on the Lummi
00:30:35
tribal Western Washington the Bureau of
00:30:38
Indian Affairs set up that reservation
00:30:40
night in 1872 it was twelve thousand
00:30:44
acres of virgin cedar wood the best
00:30:47
cedar on the west coast the Bureau of
00:30:51
Indian Affairs at the direction of the
00:30:53
President of the United States in 1872
00:30:55
cut and burned the forest because
00:30:58
everyone knew that the Indians had to
00:31:01
become farmers like the rest of America
00:31:04
once the forest was cut and burned they
00:31:08
taught the Indians how to plant potatoes
00:31:11
no one ever told anybody in Washington
00:31:14
DC the average rainfall is something
00:31:16
like forty five inches a year in western
00:31:18
Washington for nine months a year that
00:31:22
when you the minute you remove that tree
00:31:23
cover what you're talking about the
00:31:25
swamp in every ten year period in the
00:31:31
history of that tribe you can see some
00:31:33
directive come out of Washington DC if
00:31:36
you trace the ideology back the ideology
00:31:41
goes back to the inevitability of
00:31:43
Western history that certain groups of
00:31:45
people should do certain things we have
00:31:48
to prepare these people to live good
00:31:50
Christian lives so that in the afterlife
00:31:52
they can have equal civil rights where
00:31:55
we cannot give it to them now all of the
00:31:58
other mythologies that have always
00:31:59
defined America out of that 12,000 acres
00:32:05
by 1962 the Lummi tribe had as its sole
00:32:10
asset 500 acres of tidal flats tidal
00:32:16
flats as some of you know the land
00:32:20
exposed between high and low tide it's
00:32:24
hardly a place that you can put a motel
00:32:29
girl of Indian Affairs came in and took
00:32:32
a look at the Lummi reservation decided
00:32:35
in the way of Western cultures but 1600
00:32:42
Lummi should start arts and crafts
00:32:44
projects because Indians are good with
00:32:47
their hands we can create a tremendous
00:32:51
industry here to help these people
00:32:53
adjust adjust to modern life so they
00:32:57
loaned the tribe 30 thousand dollars
00:33:00
they created the Lummi knitters Lummi
00:33:03
weavers and the Lummi Carver's build
00:33:09
Indian Affairs ran the program for six
00:33:11
years the most successful component was
00:33:14
the Lummi knitters the women worked all
00:33:18
year round in the average 272 dollars a
00:33:21
year income the other programs were much
00:33:27
worse the Lummi Carver's average $15 a
00:33:31
year income per person after six years
00:33:36
the Bureau of Indian Affairs threw up
00:33:39
their hands issued a paper blasting the
00:33:44
Lumbees as lazy unmotivated dirty
00:33:47
ignorant Indians that they would never
00:33:49
have anything to do with under any
00:33:51
circumstances the Bureau of Indian
00:33:54
Affairs people began a boycott of the
00:33:56
Lummi reservation in a minute they were
00:34:00
gone the lamas rushed up to Western
00:34:02
Washington State and they said watch you
00:34:04
people come down take a look at this
00:34:06
what we've got left and tell us what to
00:34:08
do
00:34:10
marine biologists came down took one
00:34:12
look at it and they said well ice but I
00:34:14
suppose you could set up an aquaculture
00:34:16
if you really would like to do that
00:34:19
mummys being traditional fishermen
00:34:22
they're discussing the idea decided to
00:34:25
attempt to build an aquaculture had only
00:34:29
been at this point one other aquaculture
00:34:30
on the west coast
00:34:34
now the marvelous thing about the Lummi
00:34:37
says the Bureau of Indian Affairs was
00:34:38
mad at him with the exception of one or
00:34:41
two marine biologists nobody in the
00:34:43
Universities would talk to them because
00:34:45
they all thought that they were lazy and
00:34:46
unmotivated nobody in the foundations
00:34:50
would talk to them and nobody at the
00:34:51
local county level would talk to him so
00:34:54
you had an Indian tribe that for once in
00:34:56
its life was left alone nobody to give
00:35:01
them any advice
00:35:02
nobody to talk them into making bolo
00:35:05
ties or anything now it's four years
00:35:09
later the mummies have created a seven
00:35:12
hundred and fifty acre pond on their
00:35:15
tidal flats they've raised from
00:35:18
government and private sources five
00:35:20
million dollars within within five years
00:35:23
they will control Easter seed production
00:35:25
in the Pacific Basin they have upwards
00:35:30
of 60 tribal members now trained as
00:35:32
marine biologists these people are able
00:35:35
to take any kind of fish apart tell you
00:35:38
exactly what it's made of what its
00:35:40
problems are how you can adapt at
00:35:42
freshwater to saltwater and back
00:35:45
they're raising twenty million oysters
00:35:48
every four months they've converted
00:35:51
freshwater donaldson trout to seawater
00:35:54
they're able to take them back and forth
00:35:57
they're now going all over the South
00:36:00
Seas to the apples as advisors on the
00:36:04
aquaculture bill mending Affairs came
00:36:09
out took one look at the Lummi project
00:36:12
they said well you guys got away from us
00:36:15
but we'll get you back under the fold
00:36:17
sooner or later and we're never gonna
00:36:19
let another tribe get away with what you
00:36:21
got away with
00:36:26
and consequently as we talk about social
00:36:29
issues in the 70s that is the type of
00:36:31
reaction our best projects have gotten
00:36:34
that's the type of attitude that we've
00:36:37
had to face a large reason why we had
00:36:43
Alcatraz and the activist events is
00:36:46
because we have been dealing with an
00:36:50
American society that does not think for
00:36:52
itself
00:36:54
therefore we like other minority groups
00:36:57
had to go out and find a symbol that
00:36:59
would be easy for people to identify
00:37:01
with to be able to sway the public
00:37:05
opinion to be able to change the
00:37:08
conditions and policies that were
00:37:09
affecting us there are a lot of specific
00:37:16
things that can and should be done in
00:37:19
Indian Affairs before I close I'm going
00:37:23
to name three or four projects that we
00:37:25
desperately need help on but these are
00:37:29
short-term projects these are easy
00:37:32
political things these are things where
00:37:36
you are not required to think you're not
00:37:38
required to meditate you're not required
00:37:40
to examine your own values all you're
00:37:41
required to do is write letters gain
00:37:44
adherence to the cause develop political
00:37:46
pressure but the situation in the United
00:37:51
States is getting so serious now in
00:37:58
terms of revolution and I said this some
00:38:00
years ago at a sway go and all of the
00:38:02
longhairs booed me because revolution
00:38:05
was popular but I thought at that time
00:38:07
and I still think at this time America
00:38:11
is going to bore itself to death before
00:38:13
it does anything else
00:38:19
because seems to me that we have a
00:38:21
conglomerate of people who either cannot
00:38:25
or will not examine the fundamental
00:38:27
principles upon which they make their
00:38:29
decisions upon which they place their
00:38:31
values it seems to me this stems
00:38:37
directly back to your religious heritage
00:38:42
the religion preaches that you have
00:38:44
faith which in a practical context means
00:38:49
you believe what we tell you when you
00:38:50
don't question and I think that's been
00:38:55
drummed into Western man into Christian
00:38:58
man for so long that all he can do at
00:39:02
the present time is react all you have
00:39:07
to do is wave a symbol in front of him
00:39:08
any jumps can be across an American flag
00:39:12
a black fist a dollar bill whatever it
00:39:17
is it seems to me that we're not going
00:39:22
no matter how much social movement we
00:39:24
get in no matter how many new groups we
00:39:26
organize no matter how many presidential
00:39:28
candidates we support until there's a
00:39:31
fundamental reexamination of the
00:39:35
premises upon which people make their
00:39:37
decision of how they view the universe
00:39:40
how they view human beings now the view
00:39:44
the relationship to other forms of life
00:39:46
how they review their communities all
00:39:51
we're gonna see as a continual
00:39:53
spin-spin-spin and the unfortunate thing
00:39:58
is I think whether American Indians are
00:40:03
ready to take the responsibility or not
00:40:05
the only people standing in the way of a
00:40:09
total intellectual collapse of American
00:40:12
society are those traditional Indian
00:40:15
people who say no the universe is not
00:40:17
dead I as an Indian holy man can talk to
00:40:22
trees and rocks if you would get off
00:40:25
your jet planes and go out
00:40:27
there and listen the rocks would talk to
00:40:30
you and you could talk with them the
00:40:34
people who from the traditional
00:40:36
religions who say you cannot kill the
00:40:39
Coyotes you cannot kill the species as
00:40:43
bad as a species may appear to human
00:40:47
beings it was created by the same
00:40:50
Creator who created the rest of us and
00:40:52
it has an inherent right to live whether
00:40:54
we lund want it to live or not and I
00:40:59
think that point of view is the only
00:41:01
point of view that is truly
00:41:04
philosophically and religiously raised
00:41:06
as an alternative to what we see in the
00:41:09
United States today whether American
00:41:13
Indian people want to accept this
00:41:14
responsibility or not a certain
00:41:17
percentage of them are going to have to
00:41:19
speak out and say these things no matter
00:41:25
how much your cemeteries mean to you in
00:41:28
terms of your religion there's a
00:41:30
fundamental question of how your
00:41:32
cemeteries say what you are get through
00:41:37
your whole lives and even after death
00:41:38
you could not relate to the land that
00:41:40
you lived on even after you were dead
00:41:44
your relatives were afraid to give you
00:41:46
to that land and consequently by what
00:41:50
right do you call it your land only by
00:41:54
the right that you have guns at the
00:41:56
prison time to keep it but your spirits
00:41:58
are not there your bones are not there
00:41:59
and you are not there and I think all of
00:42:04
these issues are going to be raised in
00:42:07
one way or another in the next five
00:42:10
years
00:42:13
the thing that I greatly fear the
00:42:18
irrational 'ti of the white men who is
00:42:21
asked to think about the way he makes
00:42:23
his decisions I've tried to raise this
00:42:27
question in a number of contexts where
00:42:30
they were Christian clergymen who had
00:42:32
doctors degrees in theology
00:42:36
apparently educated men who could
00:42:38
examine alternatives in all I got was
00:42:42
either an irrational response that I was
00:42:45
going to hell and listen if I had to
00:42:49
play harps with Billy Graham and Orville
00:42:51
Roberts endlessly I'd go to hell
00:42:59
all those guys down at the Cotton Bowl
00:43:01
don't realize what they signed up for
00:43:02
let me tell you that if Kris
00:43:07
Kristofferson thinks he's going to write
00:43:08
those kind of songs in heaven he's got
00:43:10
another thought but that I think that
00:43:19
there's really the fundamental questions
00:43:23
that have to be raised
00:43:26
Indians have to raise them and those of
00:43:29
you who are post Christian or
00:43:31
non-christian or quasi Christian you've
00:43:37
got to raise these questions in your
00:43:39
universities in your schools in every
00:43:43
way you can
00:43:48
now I would predict a very very exciting
00:43:51
five years coming up more so than
00:43:58
perhaps anything happening in the 50s
00:44:01
and 60s in 1950 a book called worlds and
00:44:08
collision was published by manual
00:44:11
Velikovsky academic establishment turned
00:44:16
on this man and ripped him to shreds
00:44:19
went so far as to write predictions that
00:44:22
the man was crazy
00:44:24
in that if his theory was right they
00:44:28
said if Immanuel Velikovsky's theory is
00:44:30
Right Venus would have to be 800 degrees
00:44:33
in temperature well 12 years later they
00:44:36
found out it was one of your friends
00:44:40
from the Harvard Astronomical group
00:44:45
there said the Immanuel Velikovsky is
00:44:47
crazy if he's right the Sun has I think
00:44:51
it's a positive charge of 10 to the 19th
00:44:53
power and 3 or 4 years later an
00:44:57
Australian astronomer proved that the
00:44:59
Sun had a positive charge of 10 to the
00:45:02
19th power what Immanuel Velikovsky did
00:45:06
was take the religious myths and
00:45:09
folklore of people all over the globe
00:45:13
that described certain types of
00:45:18
celestial phenomena a lot of this
00:45:22
phenomenon were cloaked in what had been
00:45:25
regarded very superstitious pagan
00:45:28
legends that a bird and a dragon fought
00:45:32
and that all of these things happen and
00:45:35
he showed that the solar system we live
00:45:38
in is hardly a stable solar system that
00:45:41
Jupiter is an all probability a star
00:45:45
that this star ejected Venus as a comet
00:45:49
and that Venus nearly hit the earth
00:45:50
several times into what you have
00:45:52
described in the Bible in
00:45:55
Exodus the fall of Jericho all of these
00:45:59
things were actual
00:46:00
events the people witnessed and lived
00:46:02
through I mentioned this because on the
00:46:07
west coast students have taken up the
00:46:10
cause of this man and all they've asked
00:46:12
is for the people in the Universities to
00:46:14
give him a hearing not for anybody to
00:46:18
lose their scholarly reputation by
00:46:22
supporting the theory but simply to give
00:46:25
it a hearing I've talked with some of
00:46:29
the best archaeologists in Colorado and
00:46:30
they gave me a very scientific statement
00:46:33
they said I would not read the man
00:46:34
because he's crazy and I said well how
00:46:38
do you know he's crazy unless you've
00:46:39
read it and they said well anybody who
00:46:42
would write anything like that must be
00:46:43
crazy and I said anything like what
00:46:45
because you admit that you haven't read
00:46:47
the book they said well we wouldn't read
00:46:50
anything like that
00:46:55
and I think that again all relates back
00:46:58
to the situation we face today
00:47:03
I'm terribly disappointed that the
00:47:06
avant-garde Christian theologians that
00:47:08
couldn't see that if the Bible incidents
00:47:12
were true this put their religion on a
00:47:14
very high plane I was very disappointed
00:47:17
until two days ago in Chicago when I
00:47:20
brought this up to a Episcopalian and I
00:47:25
thought I would have a lot of chance to
00:47:26
communicate with Episcopalian because
00:47:28
they're very liberal people they believe
00:47:32
that the knots in the Ten Commandments
00:47:33
were later editions by conservative and
00:47:40
this guy in particular was a very high
00:47:45
church liberal man and he told me that
00:47:50
religiously even if the idea was correct
00:47:54
that they could not consider it because
00:47:56
this would place all of the creation
00:47:58
stories of the various religions on an
00:48:01
equal basis and would do away with a
00:48:03
Christian doctrine of creation and I
00:48:07
said you should be most thankful for
00:48:08
Immanuel Velikovsky because somebody
00:48:11
ought to do away with the Christian
00:48:12
doctrine of creation because that's why
00:48:14
we're in the mess that we're in
00:48:18
consequently I have no doubts my own
00:48:20
mind that this man's theory is going to
00:48:22
carry the remaining decades of this
00:48:24
century that he's going to open up all
00:48:27
of the sciences even pseudo-sciences
00:48:32
like anthropology he's going to give us
00:48:37
a new vision of what the experiences of
00:48:39
mankind were now one of the fundamental
00:48:44
opening points that has blocked Indian
00:48:50
religions from being considered as valid
00:48:52
tribal valid religions for mankind is
00:48:57
the Indian creation stories the Navajo
00:49:00
the hopi Mandan all of them refer to a
00:49:04
world catastrophe where the people
00:49:06
survived underground and then a friendly
00:49:09
spiritual being showed them the way to
00:49:11
the next world when you put these
00:49:15
legends in the cosmology of this man
00:49:19
religion becomes an entirely different
00:49:21
thing and each religion must stand on
00:49:25
its ability to produce something today
00:49:27
and not on a for ordained idea of
00:49:30
history we have systematically issued a
00:49:34
challenge to Christians and other
00:49:36
religions if they can go out to Arizona
00:49:40
and after the Hopi have made it rain if
00:49:43
they can get down on their knees and dry
00:49:45
it up they get equal time
00:49:49
if they can't and we know they can then
00:49:55
they've got to step back and listen and
00:50:00
I think these are a number of very
00:50:03
serious issues that were confronted with
00:50:05
today they're entirely different than
00:50:07
the issues that we've had to face in the
00:50:09
60s entirely different than the issues
00:50:12
in 1968 and different than political
00:50:14
issues today they require the same
00:50:17
seriousness the same examination the
00:50:21
same thoughtfulness the same commitment
00:50:25
if we don't do that and inner undertake
00:50:31
a complete examination of all the values
00:50:36
fundamental beliefs of Western
00:50:38
civilization and judge them on their
00:50:40
merits we are going to continue to have
00:50:45
American presidents who are against
00:50:48
abortion because they believe in the
00:50:50
sanctity of human life and who can
00:50:51
continue a war in Southeast Asia for
00:50:53
four years and called both those actions
00:50:57
Christian and see no schizophrenia in
00:51:00
that type of belief and I think I think
00:51:04
those are the issues we've got to deal
00:51:07
with whether you like it or not it's my
00:51:11
belief that eventually you will have to
00:51:14
confront and make a choice between
00:51:18
traditional Western values traditional
00:51:22
values of American Indian tribes in
00:51:24
their conception of life and so I think
00:51:28
we are your opponents for the next
00:51:30
decade and I think we're gonna win