00:00:02
friends welcome to engineering Funda family this
is one more interesting video on iot where we are
00:00:07
going to explore how the iot system works and its
components let's get started and dive into the
00:00:13
five main components that form the foundation of
entire iot ecosystem these components are crucial
00:00:20
for functioning of the iot system we will briefly
discuss each component and then proceed to explore
00:00:25
them in a great detail the first component is
sensors and actuators which play a vital role
00:00:31
in collecting and transmitting data to the next
stage sensors and actuators are responsible for
00:00:37
capturing physical input from the environment and
transmitting it for further processing next we
00:00:44
have connectivity which can be wired or Wireless
depending on the specific application requirements
00:00:50
connectivity ensures seamless communication
between devices within the iot system the
00:00:57
third stage is iot cloud with source as a platform
for storing and processing the collected data the
00:01:05
iot cloud plays a crucial role in managing and
organizing the data effectively moving on the
00:01:11
fourth stage is iot analytics and data management
this stage involves the structuring of data into
00:01:17
a useful format and Performing analytics to gain
valuable Insight from the collected data lastly we
00:01:24
have the user interface which enables user to
Monitor and control the iot system though the
00:01:30
user interface through the user interface user
can interact with the system receive information
00:01:35
and exercise control over connected devices
we will now proceed to explore each stage in
00:01:41
detail providing a comprehensive understanding
of how these components work together in the iot
00:01:46
ecosystem now let's delve into the first stage
which encompasses sensors and actuators first we
00:01:52
will focus on sensors a sensor is a device that
measures physical input from the surrounding
00:01:57
environment and converts it into interpretable
data for a computer or a controller depending
00:02:03
on specific application sensors can be either
analog or digital in iot applications there are
00:02:09
various sensors that we can utilize for instance
touch sensors enable touch base interaction
00:02:13
temperature sensors are used for measuring the
temperature flow sensors to detect the flow rate
00:02:18
of a substance while position sensors determine
the position of an object load cells are employed
00:02:24
to measure the weight of an object and gas sensors
can detect gas leakage speed sensor on the other
00:02:29
hand are utilized to measure speed lastly sound
sensors are employed to detect sound all of the
00:02:36
sensors so as input devices with some being
digital and others analog these sensors are
00:02:42
typically integrated with microprocessor based
embedded systems allowing them to collect data
00:02:48
and connect to the internet Advanced sensors
have the capability to measure a wide range of
00:02:53
complexities in some iot devices multiple sensors
are bundled together to collect diverse data and
00:03:00
perform multiple functions take smartphones for
example which incorporate sensors such as GPS
00:03:08
fingerprint scanners tilt sensors motion sensors
and various others into a single device thanks
00:03:14
to technological advancements sensors today
are becoming increasingly compact smart and
00:03:20
efficient When selecting sensors it's important
to consider the specific purpose you aim to
00:03:25
achieve factors such as accuracy reliability
of results operational range resolution and
00:03:31
and the level of intelligent also influence the
choice of sensors let's now turn our attention
00:03:37
to actuators which function in the opposite
manner to sensors while sensors sense and gather
00:03:43
information actuators take action and so as the
final control element when they receive a signal
00:03:49
or command they initiate a specific action
similar to sensors actuators can be either
00:03:54
analog or digital there are several examples of
actuators that we can explore Motors walls pumps
00:04:02
LEDs and speakers are some common examples
motor sperms and LEDs are digital actuators
00:04:09
whereas walls and speakers are considered
as analog actuators it's worth noting that
00:04:14
walls can be either analog or digital depending on
their design and functionality actuators are just
00:04:20
as crucial as sensors in the iot ecosystem One
sensor detect a change in the environment such as
00:04:27
temperature variation actuators play a vital role
in initiating a response based on the trigger the
00:04:33
control signals for actuators can be either analog
or digital taking the form of voltage or current
00:04:39
actuators may be required to turn something on or
off such as control walls that have significant
00:04:45
values in industrial applications where precise
control is necessary let's discuss the second
00:04:51
component of iot which is connectivity and Gateway
the first and foremost aspect to consider is the
00:04:57
protocols that facilitate this connectivity
iot protocols play a crucial role in enabling
00:05:03
data transfer in online real ensuring secure and
reliable connections between devices now once the
00:05:10
data is collected by sensors it necessitates
a mean of Transportation in simpler terms a
00:05:17
Communication channel is essential between
sensors and the cloud in the realm of iot
00:05:22
there exists a variety of communication protocols
that are utilized based on factors such as range
00:05:29
power requirements data rates bandwidth
and cost for instance cellular Bluetooth
00:05:35
Wi-Fi and luraven are some of the commonly used
protocols in the present era these iot standards
00:05:42
and protocols form an invisible language enabling
seamless communication between physical objects
00:05:50
let us now delve into some of the iot protocols
in Greater detail the choice of protocol depends
00:05:56
on the range of communication required if the
data needs to be transmitted within a distance
00:06:01
of less than 300 feet there are several protocols
available such as Bluetooth zigbee NFC and Wi-Fi
00:06:08
for communication over longer distances up to 5
kilometers cellular communication protocols like
00:06:14
2G 3G 4G and 5G can be utilized this protocols
enable data transmission over greater ranges if
00:06:21
the range needs to be extended even further and
data is to be transmitted to the cloud within
00:06:26
a distance of approximately 100 kilometers
there are specific communication protocols
00:06:30
designed for such scenarios example include
loravan psych Fox and nbiot there are just
00:06:37
a few examples of the wide range of iot
protocols available these are just a few
00:06:42
examples of the wide range of iot protocols
available the selection of the appropriate
00:06:47
protocol depends on the specific communication
requirement and the desired range of transmission
00:06:53
let's discuss iot gateways with so as a crucial
link between age devices such as sensors actuators
00:07:00
and other field devices and the cloud these
gateways act as a bridge allowing incoming grow
00:07:06
data from the sensors to pass through and reach
to the cloud the primary role of the Gateway is
00:07:12
to translate Network protocols ensuring smooth
communication among all devices within the network
00:07:19
it also facilitates the efficient management of
data traffic streamlining the flow of information
00:07:25
in addition gateways provide a layer of security
safeguarding the entire system from unauthorized
00:07:32
access and malicious attacks by employing the
latest encryption technique the data flowing
00:07:38
through the Gateway remains protected furthermore
gateways have the capability to pre-process sensor
00:07:45
Data before transmitting it to the cloud this
pre-processing step helps reduce the volume of
00:07:51
data minimizing the burden of handling large
amount of information in the previous stage
00:07:57
some intelligent gateways can even analyze and
filter out irrelevant data transmitting only
00:08:04
the pertinent information to the cloud these not
only saves memory but also optimizes data transfer
00:08:12
overall iot gateways play a vital role in ensuring
secure efficient and optimized communication
00:08:19
between age devices and the cloud contributing to
the overall effectiveness of iot system now let's
00:08:26
discuss the third component of iot which is the
iot cloud while the iot cloud may be optional for
00:08:33
certain Services of course it holds a significant
importance in this ecosystem the iot cloud plays
00:08:40
a crucial role in processing and storing the
data collected from the Gateway it serves as
00:08:45
the decision making Hub capable of analyzing
the data and determining the course of excel
00:08:52
in time sensitive applications like health and
safety whereas real-time concerns are critical and
00:08:59
latency or we can say delay cannot be compromised
the iot cloud act as a brain of the iot ecosystem
00:09:07
responsible for processing commanding and
applying analytics to the collected data
00:09:13
while it may not be necessary for every
iot application some prefer leveraging the
00:09:19
cloud due to its high performance capabilities
massive scalability and reduced operational cost
00:09:25
alternatively age Computing or Fork Computing
can also be considered for local processing age
00:09:32
Computing is preferred when there is a need for
extensive data processing and storage on site
00:09:38
closer to the source of data generation ultimately
the choice between utilizing the iot cloud or
00:09:45
opting for local processing depends on specific
requirements of the application considering
00:09:51
factors such as performance scalability cost
and data processing needs let's explore the
00:09:58
fourth interesting component of iot which is iot
analytics and data management this component is
00:10:03
primarily focused on various data operations
including data extraction data analytics data
00:10:09
aggregation and data classification now data
shows as as the fuel for any business survival
00:10:16
and success in other words analytics plays
crucial role in transforming row data into
00:10:23
valuable insights that can drive decision making
process tasks such as data aggregation data
00:10:31
extraction and classification are performed to
extract meaningful Insight from the raw data these
00:10:38
analytics can range from basic operations like
analyzing if a room's temperature Falls within an
00:10:43
acceptable range to more complex scenarios such as
predicting a car crash predictive analysis using
00:10:51
deep learning models can be employed to derive
valuable insights from the data enabling Trend
00:10:57
prediction proactive planning and informed
business decision making performing these
00:11:03
analytics requires robust storage capabilities and
intelligent computation to make sense of the data
00:11:11
now depending on the iot architecture such tasks
can be hosted on the cloud leveraging its storage
00:11:17
capability and computational power the ability
to analyze and manage data effectively is crucial
00:11:23
for extracting valuable insights that can drive
business growth improve operational efficiency and
00:11:30
enhance overall decision making processes in the
iot ecosystem let's explore the fifth and the last
00:11:37
component of iot which is user interface the user
interface enables end users to Monitor and control
00:11:45
fill devices through various functionalities such
as notifications alerts remote control and live
00:11:52
trades the processed information is presented to
the end user through a user-friendly application
00:11:59
which can trigger alarms or send notifications
via email or text messages the application
00:12:07
may also offer an interface for the user to send
instructions back to the system such as adjusting
00:12:14
the temperature or providing Water to plants based
on moisture readings and more furthermore the user
00:12:22
interface May provide real-time fits or display
Trends to keep the user informed and engaged it
00:12:29
aims to enhance the user experience by providing
intuitive controls and visual representation of
00:12:36
the data we hope you found this video informative
and enjoyable if you have any further questions
00:12:42
feel free to ask thank you for watching and
I will see you in the next video thank you
