Video 2 - Flexible and Lean Manufacturing

00:12:10
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YuiVPgneWQw

摘要

TLDRThe video discusses key manufacturing concepts for Year 11 students, focusing on flexible manufacturing systems and lean manufacturing. Flexible manufacturing systems can quickly adapt to produce various products, contrasting with rigid methods like injection molding. Lean manufacturing, a Japanese technique, aims to minimize costs and maximize efficiency by reducing waste in areas such as transportation and overproduction. Just-in-time production is also covered, emphasizing the production of goods only when ordered to reduce storage costs. The video highlights the importance of understanding these concepts for multiple-choice questions in the Year 11 mock exam.

心得

  • 🔄 Flexible manufacturing systems can adapt to produce various products quickly.
  • 📉 Lean manufacturing minimizes costs and maximizes efficiency by reducing waste.
  • 🕒 Just-in-time production means making products only when ordered by customers.
  • 🚫 Injection molding is less flexible and harder to change than flexible systems.
  • 📦 Lean manufacturing focuses on reducing excess inventory and idle time.
  • 🛠️ Worker feedback is crucial in improving manufacturing processes in lean systems.
  • 🚚 Streamlining transportation can enhance efficiency in manufacturing.
  • 🔧 Tools and equipment should be within arm's reach to minimize unnecessary motion.
  • 💰 Just-in-time reduces storage costs and frees up cash for other investments.
  • ⚠️ Timely delivery of materials is critical in just-in-time production.

时间轴

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    In this video, Mrs. Swanny Poo discusses manufacturing systems relevant for Year 11 mock exams, focusing on flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) and lean manufacturing. FMS allows for easy adaptation to produce various products, responding quickly to changes in consumer demand. Examples include automated machinery like laser cutters and 3D printers, which can be programmed for different tasks, contrasting with less flexible systems like injection molding machines that require significant time and investment to change molds.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:12:10

    Lean manufacturing, a Japanese technique, aims to minimize costs and maximize efficiency by eliminating waste in the production process. It emphasizes reducing unnecessary transportation, overproduction, idle time, and defects while involving workers in improving processes. Lean manufacturing aligns with just-in-time production, which produces items only when ordered, reducing storage costs and capital tied up in materials. Both concepts focus on efficiency and cost reduction, essential for success in manufacturing.

思维导图

视频问答

  • What are flexible manufacturing systems?

    Flexible manufacturing systems are manufacturing setups that can be easily adapted to produce different products, shapes, and colors quickly.

  • How does lean manufacturing work?

    Lean manufacturing minimizes costs and maximizes efficiency by reducing waste in the manufacturing process, focusing on areas like transportation, overproduction, and idle time.

  • What is just-in-time production?

    Just-in-time production is a strategy where products are made only when ordered by customers, reducing the need for storage and minimizing costs.

  • What are the advantages of just-in-time production?

    Advantages include reduced storage space, less money tied up in unused materials, and increased cash flow for other business investments.

  • What are the disadvantages of just-in-time production?

    Disadvantages include the risk of delays in material delivery, which can lead to customer dissatisfaction, and the need for high-quality production standards.

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  • 00:00:00
    take revision with Mrs swanny poo
  • 00:00:09
    hi year 11 this is the second video
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    um to help you with the multiple choice
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    and short answer questions for your year
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    11 mock
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    so in this video we're going to be
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    covering
  • 00:00:24
    um some different types of kind of
  • 00:00:26
    scales of manufacturing
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    and the main ones that we're going to be
  • 00:00:31
    having a really quick look at are things
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    that you maybe haven't heard of before
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    we've done just in time before that's
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    come up I think in a previous exam
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    um we will go through that very very
  • 00:00:43
    quickly some of you will know that from
  • 00:00:44
    business
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    um but the two that we're gonna have a
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    look at in a bit more detail are these
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    two so flexible manufacturing systems
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    and lean manufacturing remember again
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    that this is going to be a multiple
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    choice question so you don't need to
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    know too much detail
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    um hopefully by watching this video
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    you'll be able to work out
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    which one is the right answer when you
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    come to the mock
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    so we are going to have a quick look at
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    this first
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    um term called flexible manufacturing
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    systems these are Manufacturing Systems
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    that can be easily adapted
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    and changed okay so if you're making any
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    notes you might want to make a note of
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    that they can be changed and easily
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    adapted to make different products to
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    make different shaped products to make
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    different colors to make whatever okay
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    so sometimes Manufacturing Systems are
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    designed to make one thing and they make
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    that thing all day long all night long
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    in mass production or
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    automated kind of production and it
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    might be that they make
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    the lids on print sticks and that's all
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    they make okay now flexible
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    manufacturing systems can make a wide
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    range of different products and they can
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    also easily respond to changes in
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    um what the user wants so for example
  • 00:02:11
    the user might suddenly want green
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    t-shirts when before everyone wanted red
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    a flexible manufacturing system would be
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    able to respond to that and change
  • 00:02:21
    quickly Okay so
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    some of these pieces of equipment here
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    at the top so this one this one and this
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    one are all are all good examples of FMS
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    flexible manufacturing systems okay and
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    the reason they are they are all you may
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    want to make a note of this they are all
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    automated
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    so they are using computer aided
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    manufacturer
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    um they can all be programmed
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    quite easily
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    and then it can also do a large variety
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    of different things so for example this
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    one here which is the laser cutter
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    it can cut a wide oh gosh what's going
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    on with my pen it can it can cut a wide
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    range of different materials it doesn't
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    have to just cut wood or acrylic or
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    whatever you can put a wide range of
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    different materials in there and
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    depending on the design that you put in
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    it can be easily changed so in school
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    we've got one it's a very flexible
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    manufacturing system because I might
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    have 10 different students in one day
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    come up to me and ask me to make 10
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    different things and that piece of
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    Machinery can do that it is flexible
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    same with a 3D printer if you want to
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    change what you are making on a 3D
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    printer you just change the file
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    okay it's really really oh it's really
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    really easy to do all right I'm going to
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    stop writing because this is definitely
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    not working
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    so you can easily change the file change
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    the
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    um you know what it's printing you can
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    even change the filament to a different
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    color if you wanted to print something
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    different so this is let's try one more
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    time 3D
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    printer
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    oh dear
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    this last one here is called a CNC
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    router
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    you're gonna have to take my word for it
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    because that writing is horrendous
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    um and again we've got one of these in
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    the workshop and depending on how you
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    program it it can easily change easily
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    adapt and cut out a wide range of
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    different things
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    so these pieces of equipment can be
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    easily changed
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    and can adapt to change really really
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    quickly in contrast to something like
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    this down here
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    ooh this is a injection molding machine
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    and we've spoken about this in lessons
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    this is very difficult to change what it
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    is manufacturing it takes time to change
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    because you have to change the mold each
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    time and the mold can be a really big
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    piece of stainless steel very very heavy
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    they cost a lot of money to make so you
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    would have to invest in a lot of
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    different molds if you wanted to make a
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    lot of different products which gets
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    very expensive
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    so you can see that an injection molding
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    machine like the one on the bottom there
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    is not flexible it's not easy to quickly
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    change what you are Manufacturing in
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    contrast to
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    those pieces of Machinery at the top
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    which can really quickly change
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    okay I hope that makes sense
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    right
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    okay the next thing we are going to talk
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    about is called lean manufacturing and
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    this is actually a Japanese
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    uh kind of manufacturing technique and
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    the idea of this is you might want to be
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    writing this down is to minimize costs
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    and maximize efficiency
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    so they look at all different areas of
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    the manufacturing process and they think
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    about how they can make it as lean as
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    streamlined as efficient as possible
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    so there's lots of different things that
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    they can look at and Toyota Japanese car
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    manufacturer use lean manufacturing a
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    lot and what they do is they look at
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    lots of different ways that things are
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    wasted in the manufacturing process so
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    it could be that there is unnecessary
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    transportation that could be
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    Transportation around the factory that
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    could be transportation of Parts across
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    the country can they manufacture those
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    in-house
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    so they might look at can they
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    streamline or slim down the amount of
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    transportation that is going on in their
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    production line
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    they also want to make sure that they
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    are not over producing
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    um products so making sure that they're
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    not making too many products that are
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    not going to sell wasting materials
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    wasting uh time because what might
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    happen is those may may not be wanted by
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    the customer and that is not going to be
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    efficient
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    they also
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    would look at unnecessary motion so a
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    really good example of this is that on
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    there
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    um assembly line when they're making
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    their cars they make sure that all of
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    the tools and equipment that they need
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    are as close by as possible so they
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    don't have to walk halfway across the
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    factories to grab a certain component or
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    a certain tool everything is within
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    Arm's Reach which speeds up the
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    manufacturing process so it's cuts down
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    on any unnecessary moving around or
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    walking around by the workers to make
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    sure that things are made as quickly as
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    possible and as efficiently as possible
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    um they try and make sure that they
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    don't have any excess inventory so this
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    links quite nicely to just in time
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    production which tries to make that you
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    uh tries to ensure that you don't have
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    any excess materials when something is
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    ordered it's made and it goes out
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    straight away so you don't have to store
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    it okay
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    another thing that they try and cut down
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    on is any idle time or waiting around so
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    you don't want people in your production
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    line to be stood there just waiting
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    having a cup of tea waiting for the car
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    to move down the assembly line can you
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    make sure that they are doing something
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    else or that things can be done at the
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    same time so that no one is waiting or
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    wasting any time
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    um you can look at over processing
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    similar to overproduction
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    so thinking about
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    um not using too many uh materials not
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    again wasting those very similar to
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    overproduction
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    you try and reduce the amount of defects
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    and the amount of mistakes that are made
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    during the manufacture of the process
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    so by making sure that everything is
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    really clear everything is really well
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    labeled the workers know exactly what
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    they are doing reducing the defects is
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    going to reduce costs and any kind of
  • 00:09:15
    waste materials
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    and this one's really interesting it uh
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    actually in lean manufacturing they they
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    really try and make sure that they are
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    getting the workers
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    um opinions
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    um on how they can improve the
  • 00:09:28
    manufacturing process so they might say
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    oh I could do this rather than this and
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    they welcome that feedback and they use
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    that to help improve the manufacturing
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    process so they're making sure they've
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    got the right people in the right place
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    okay so lean manufacturing is trying to
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    make it as streamlined minimized costs
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    and maximize efficiency by Saving on all
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    of these different things
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    okay and last but not least really
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    really quickly because
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    um just in time
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    does link quite nicely with Lean
  • 00:10:07
    Manufacturing so just in time the idea
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    that you are only making a product when
  • 00:10:15
    it's been ordered by the customer so the
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    customer would place an order then you
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    would order materials and components
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    that you needed it would be manufactured
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    and then sent out straight away to the
  • 00:10:25
    customer
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    so you are reducing the amount of
  • 00:10:28
    materials that you need to store you're
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    stopping any of your products having to
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    go into storage like into a warehousing
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    which would obviously cost a lot
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    of lighting security heating blah blah
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    blah
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    um also it means that you don't have
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    loads of money tied up in materials that
  • 00:10:45
    aren't being used so lean manufacturing
  • 00:10:48
    kind of has a similar kind of viewpoint
  • 00:10:50
    with just in time they're quite often
  • 00:10:52
    used together
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    so just really really quickly some
  • 00:10:55
    advantages of just in time it reduces
  • 00:10:58
    the amount of space needed for storage
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    you don't need massive warehouses it
  • 00:11:02
    means that you have less money tied up
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    uh meaning that you've got more money to
  • 00:11:07
    spend in other parts of the business and
  • 00:11:09
    invest in other parts of the business
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    but some disadvantages are you need to
  • 00:11:14
    make sure that things are delivered on
  • 00:11:15
    time because if you don't have your
  • 00:11:17
    materials delivered at time uh on time
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    it's going to mean that the customer has
  • 00:11:22
    to wait
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    um and
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    I'm currently waiting for the machinery
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    for our new room and I'm very grumpy
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    about that so sometimes that can lose
  • 00:11:32
    your customers
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    um and
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    um you need to make sure that your
  • 00:11:37
    products are made to a high standard
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    being fault free
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    um because you know if you wait that
  • 00:11:45
    amount of time for a product to come you
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    want it to be of high quality so
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    advances just in time uh tie really
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    nicely with lean manufacturing it's all
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    about reducing cost and maximizing
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    efficiency okay hope that was useful
  • 00:12:00
    again it's only for the that short
  • 00:12:02
    little multiple choice
  • 00:12:04
    as long as you're happy with those
  • 00:12:05
    Concepts you should be fine
  • 00:12:08
    later
标签
  • Flexible Manufacturing Systems
  • Lean Manufacturing
  • Just-in-Time Production
  • Manufacturing Efficiency
  • Cost Minimization
  • Waste Reduction
  • Production Adaptability
  • Automated Systems
  • Manufacturing Techniques
  • Year 11 Mock Exam