Being Your Best Self, Part 1: Moral Awareness | Concepts Unwrapped

00:07:19
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=snm01IG_PHU

摘要

TLDRProfessor Robert Prentice and others discuss the complexities of acting ethically, even for good people, through the lens of behavioral ethics. The video highlights that the need to conform to authority or group norms can result in ethical lapses, even when individuals aim to do the right thing. Behavioral ethics is used to guide us in overcoming these challenges, with emphasis on the four steps to acting ethically by Professor James Rest: Moral Awareness, Moral Decision Making, Moral Intent, and Moral Action. The conversation underscores the importance of moral awareness—recognizing the ethical dimensions of decisions. It stresses the pitfalls of selective attention, where focusing too narrowly on certain goals can cause ethical considerations to fade. Gut feelings often serve as internal ethical alerts that shouldn’t be ignored. Ethical decision-making requires vigilance and an ongoing commitment to integrating moral values into everyday decisions, both personal and professional. The importance of listening to one's inner moral compass is emphasized to avoid ethical fading and moral myopia.

心得

  • 🌀 Behavioral ethics help understand why doing the right thing is challenging.
  • 🧭 Four steps to ethical action: Awareness, Decision, Intent, Action.
  • 👀 Moral awareness involves recognizing ethical dimensions in every choice.
  • 🛑 Ethical fading and moral myopia can blind us to moral issues.
  • 💡 Selective attention may cause us to overlook ethical aspects.
  • 👂 Listening to gut feelings can awaken moral awareness.
  • 🧠 Intuition is as crucial as rational thinking in ethical matters.
  • 🔍 Ethical vigilance is vital in personal and professional spheres.
  • 🤔 Legalistic debates should not overshadow moral intuition.
  • 🗣️ Continual ethical reflection helps in making better decisions.

时间轴

  • 00:00:00 - 00:07:19

    The video 'Concepts Unwrapped' explores the complexity of making ethical decisions, highlighting that even well-intentioned individuals can struggle to consistently act morally. Influences such as the desire to please authority or fit in can lead to actions that diverge from one's moral values. Behavioral ethics provides a structured approach to ethical behavior, emphasizing four key steps: Moral Awareness, Moral Decision Making, Moral Intent, and Moral Action. Developing moral awareness is crucial, as it involves recognizing the ethical dimension of decisions. Absent this awareness, people might make ethical or unethical choices by chance, missing ethical considerations in decision-making. The video stresses the importance of nurturing moral awareness to ensure ethical behavior consistently.

思维导图

视频问答

  • What is behavioral ethics?

    Behavioral ethics explores the psychological and situational factors that influence ethical decision-making.

  • What are the four steps to acting ethically according to Professor James Rest?

    The four steps are moral awareness, moral decision making, moral intent, and moral action.

  • What is 'ethical fading'?

    Ethical fading is the phenomenon where ethical issues become invisible to us when we focus too much on other aspects like pleasing authority.

  • How can moral awareness be developed?

    Moral awareness can be developed by reminding oneself to consider ethics in decisions regularly and being vigilant about ethical dimensions in every situation.

  • How can selective attention affect ethical decision-making?

    Selective attention can cause individuals to miss ethical issues when their focus is skewed towards other outcomes, such as meeting quotas or pleasing superiors.

  • Why is 'gut feeling' important in making ethical decisions?

    'Gut feeling' can indicate ethical issues even when they are not obvious, signaling that more attention is needed.

  • What should you do when you feel unease about a decision?

    It's advised to pay attention to such feelings as they could indicate underlying ethical concerns requiring further examination.

  • How can ethical discussions be misdirected?

    By turning them into purely legalistic debates and ignoring the moral intuitions that accompany them.

  • What is moral myopia?

    Moral myopia is the inability to see ethical issues clearly due to a narrow or distorted focus.

  • What is the role of moral intuition in ethical decision-making?

    Moral intuition helps guide individuals when making ethical decisions by surfacing feelings of guilt, shame, or unease that should be considered.

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  • 00:00:08
    [Professor Robert Prentice] Many of the Concepts Unwrapped videos use the research generated
  • 00:00:12
    by the new field of behavioral ethics to illustrate how difficult it can be to do the right thing,
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    even for people who are good folks.
  • 00:00:22
    A desire to please authority or to fit in with the group may cause people to act inconsistently
  • 00:00:26
    with their own moral values.
  • 00:00:31
    For example, the slippery slope can cause people to fail to notice lapses in moral judgment
  • 00:00:36
    made by themselves or others.
  • 00:00:39
    The list goes on, but the underlying lesson is clear: It's not easy to always be a good
  • 00:00:44
    person, even if you want to be.
  • 00:00:48
    But behavioral ethics can also give us guidance as to how to act more ethically and induce
  • 00:00:53
    others to do so too.
  • 00:00:56
    According to Professor James Rest, there are four key steps to acting ethically, which
  • 00:01:01
    we have modified slightly.
  • 00:01:04
    First, people must perceive the ethical dimensions of an issue that they face.
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    This is Moral Awareness.
  • 00:01:12
    Second, they must have the ability to decide upon a course of action that is ethical.
  • 00:01:17
    This is Moral Decision Making.
  • 00:01:20
    Third, they must have the desire to act on that ethical decision.
  • 00:01:25
    This is known as Moral Intent.
  • 00:01:28
    Fourth and finally, they must have the motivation and courage to act upon that desire,
  • 00:01:33
    which we call Moral Action.
  • 00:01:37
    This video explores the first step to being your best self,
  • 00:01:42
    which means developing moral awareness.
  • 00:01:46
    [Carlos] I think the important thing is to recognize that there is always an ethical issue.
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    There is always an ethical dimension to any decision that we make.
  • 00:01:53
    Absent moral awareness, people might accidentally make the right choice, but they might also
  • 00:01:59
    accidentally make an unethical choice because they are focusing upon other aspects of the
  • 00:02:03
    decision calculus and inadvertently omitting any ethical considerations.
  • 00:02:10
    [Nikki] I've made some gut... decisions with my gut, that have had unintended consequences
  • 00:02:15
    like down the road in my personal life where I feel like in a relationship with someone,
  • 00:02:20
    I can sense that they may not be true to me and may not be being faithful and honest about
  • 00:02:26
    all their intentions and I ignore it because what I want in the moment is more important
  • 00:02:32
    to me then than standing up and saying, "This isn't right."
  • 00:02:37
    It's really easy to do that in like a personal situation because you think that like
  • 00:02:41
    I can sacrifice, like, future pain for like, present happiness,
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    which I think definitely has parallels in the workplace.
  • 00:02:52
    Studies on selective attention prove that people generally see what they expect to see.
  • 00:02:58
    If you focus too much on pleasing your boss, on getting along with your co-workers, on
  • 00:03:03
    meeting sales quotas or bonus targets, you may not even see an ethical issue which is
  • 00:03:09
    right there in front of you.
  • 00:03:12
    The phenomenon that Professors Bazerman and Tenbrunsel call "ethical fading," and Drumwright
  • 00:03:18
    and Murphy call "moral myopia," can blind all of us to ethical miscues if we're not careful.
  • 00:03:25
    [Taylor] For this marketing and advertising class I had, we had to do a campaign, and
  • 00:03:31
    I personally am really against…
  • 00:03:34
    I’m against some of the ads that are out there because I feel like it depicts one centralized
  • 00:03:41
    image of beauty or what beautiful is.
  • 00:03:45
    So one of our ads was with a group, and of course, all the guys were like, “Oh, Megan Fox
  • 00:03:49
    is so hot, we need to put her on the cover,” and I was like, “Ok, sure.”
  • 00:03:54
    And later on, I was thinking about it and I was wondering, “Why didn’t we just use
  • 00:03:58
    someone from our… normal, average girl from our class, like that’s still, I feel like,
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    the same level of beauty and it would portray to other people that there’s not just one
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    centralized image or one certain aspect of what beauty is.”
  • 00:04:14
    It is our responsibility, as people who wish to live ethical lives,
  • 00:04:19
    to keep ethics in our frame of reference.
  • 00:04:22
    We can do so by reminding ourselves every morning in the shower that we wish to be good
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    people and that to meet that goal we must constantly strive to act ethically,
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    just as we must constantly strive to gain more knowledge and skill
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    regarding the technical aspects of our jobs.
  • 00:04:40
    Looking out for ethical minefields is part of our personal and professional responsibility
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    every day.
  • 00:04:48
    When I was in the Marines, when I was in the Middle East, we had word that there was going
  • 00:04:52
    to be a car bomb that was headed towards our base.
  • 00:04:57
    Someone came by that matched most of what we had, but didn't match everything.
  • 00:05:03
    Even though a lot of people were convinced that this was the guy, and that our situation was
  • 00:05:09
    solved, and that we caught the car bomber, something in my gut had me thinking otherwise.
  • 00:05:17
    So I spent about 12 hours that day digging, and come to find out it wasn't him.
  • 00:05:22
    Definitely a case of my boss saying, "Alright, you've got it, let it go.
  • 00:05:25
    We've hit the 80% solution."
  • 00:05:27
    And in this case, 80% solution was not ethical.
  • 00:05:34
    Behavioral ethics teaches that we must practice listening to our moral intuition, "to our gut,"
  • 00:05:39
    rather than turning all ethical discussions into legalistic exercises like lawyers weighing
  • 00:05:45
    both sides of the issue or accountants parsing technical language in an attempt to justify
  • 00:05:52
    a position that intuition tells them is wrong.
  • 00:05:56
    Our gut instinct is not always right, but we would be foolish to ignore it.
  • 00:06:01
    Psychologists DeSteno and Valdesolo say this: "When faced with a moral decision,
  • 00:06:07
    take a few seconds to pause and listen to your inner voices.
  • 00:06:11
    Is there a hint of guilt, a hint of shame, a gut feeling of unease?
  • 00:06:16
    If so, don't ignore it."
  • 00:06:19
    This is your moral awareness awakening.
  • 00:06:24
    [Arthur] We're not meant to follow blindly the ideals of any system,
  • 00:06:28
    but to seriously inquire about how they apply to our lives, our ever-changing world,
  • 00:06:33
    and how they apply to the people, the organizations, and institutions that we work with.
  • 00:06:36
    Explaining that gut feeling and helping other people feel that gut feeling helped them empathize
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    with me and give me the time that I needed to get to the right conclusion.
  • 00:06:48
    [Melissa] Sometimes our gut feelings are a good indication that something wrong is
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    going on, and it is hard to decipher when you should be listening more to your gut and when
  • 00:07:00
    you should be doing more rational thinking.
  • 00:07:02
    If you have a feeling that it's not the right thing, make sure you keep working until it is.
标签
  • behavioral ethics
  • moral awareness
  • ethical decision-making
  • gut feeling
  • ethical fading
  • moral myopia
  • Professor James Rest
  • moral intuition
  • selective attention
  • moral values