The New Rules of the World by John Pilger, subtitle Indonesia
الملخص
TLDRThe video critically examines globalization, particularly its impact on Indonesia, revealing stark contrasts between the elite's wealth and the dire conditions faced by common workers. After outlining the historical context, including the violent rise of General Suharto and the economic exploitation that followed, it highlights how multinational corporations benefit from cheap labor while ignoring terrible working conditions. The narrative also critiques financial institutions like the IMF and World Bank, accusing them of perpetuating poverty through debt and neoliberal policies. Ultimately, it advocates for systemic changes to address these inequalities and suggests that the current global economic framework can be altered.
الوجبات الجاهزة
- 🌍 Globalization creates vast inequalities.
- 💰 A small elite holds extraordinary wealth.
- 💼 Workers in Indonesia face dire conditions in sweatshops.
- ✊ Mass protests against globalization are growing globally.
- 📜 Historical violence in Indonesia under Suharto is key to understanding its current economy.
- 🏦 The IMF and World Bank's policies often hurt the poorest nations.
- 🚨 Workers face exploitation while producing goods for Western markets.
- 📉 Globalization is linked to rising poverty and unemployment.
- 🔍 Transparency in corporate practices is essential for fair labor standards.
- 🗳️ Calls for reform stress the need for accountable institutions.
الجدول الزمني
- 00:00:00 - 00:05:00
Globalization has led to mass protests, particularly against economic inequality. Despite advances in wealth creation, poverty persists, with a small number of corporations amassing vast wealth, highlighting severe disparities.
- 00:05:00 - 00:10:00
The rise of Indonesia as a nation rich in resources yet plagued by poverty reflects the negative impact of globalization, where local populations suffer under foreign corporate influence, leading to social disparity.
- 00:10:00 - 00:15:00
Events like a Jakarta elite wedding reveal a stark contrast between the wealthy and the vast population living in poverty, with millions struggling to survive, illuminating the human cost of mass production.
- 00:15:00 - 00:20:00
Working conditions in Indonesian factories are dire, where workers earn below a living wage, exacerbated by cramped housing and lack of basic services, indicating the exploitation behind cheap global goods.
- 00:20:00 - 00:25:00
Sweatshops operate in economic processing zones where western brands exploit cheap labor, with workers facing extreme conditions. Brands claim to enforce ethical standards, yet violations are rampant and largely unchecked.
- 00:25:00 - 00:30:00
Workers in factories for brands like Gap face grueling hours and little oversight while being subjected to unsafe conditions, raising questions about corporate accountability and workers' rights enforcement.
- 00:30:00 - 00:35:00
The code of conduct proposed by brands often fails to protect workers, leading to continuous exploitation due to weak enforcement and intimidation against whistleblowers in Indonesia's labor market.
- 00:35:00 - 00:40:00
The narrative exposes how the West's priorities during Suharto's regime favored economic gain over human rights, showing complicity in mass atrocities that led to Indonesia's strategic resource exploitation.
- 00:40:00 - 00:45:00
In the aftermath of Suharto's fall, foreign investment continued to exploit Indonesia's resources at the expense of its people's rights and prosperity, perpetuating a cycle of debt and corruption.
- 00:45:00 - 00:54:23
Globalization has maintained a divide where wealth accumulates for the few while the majority lives in poverty, with calls for debt cancellation illustrating the ongoing struggle for economic justice and equity.
الخريطة الذهنية
فيديو أسئلة وأجوبة
What is the main focus of the video?
The video focuses on the negative impacts of globalization, including exploitation, wealth inequality, and the complicity of multinational corporations and foreign governments.
How did globalization affect workers in Indonesia?
Workers in Indonesia are subjected to poor working conditions and exploitative wages in sweatshops owned by foreign companies, contrasting sharply with the wealth of the elite.
What historical context does the video provide regarding Indonesia?
It details Indonesia's colonization, the mass murder during General Suharto's regime, and how foreign powers supported these actions for economic gain.
What role do the IMF and World Bank play in globalization according to the video?
The IMF and World Bank are portrayed as entities that enforce economic policies benefiting rich countries while exacerbating poverty in developing nations.
What are some proposed solutions mentioned in the video?
The video suggests abolishing institutions like the IMF and World Bank and replacing them with democratically accountable organizations; it also discusses debt cancellation as a potential remedy.
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Efek Radiasi Pada Tubuh
- 00:00:32[Music]
- 00:00:47[Music]
- 00:00:52[Music]
- 00:01:03things too late
- 00:01:06for me they come in recent months more
- 00:01:13than a million people most of them young
- 00:01:15have protested against a new economic
- 00:01:18order called globalization this
- 00:01:20represents one of the greatest popular
- 00:01:22movements since the 1960s surely never
- 00:01:26before has the human race enjoyed such
- 00:01:28amazing capacity to create wealth and
- 00:01:32reduce poverty yet never before has the
- 00:01:35gulf between rich and poor been so vast
- 00:01:38and inequality so widespread the facts
- 00:01:42of globalization are revealing a small
- 00:01:45group of powerful individuals are now
- 00:01:47richer than most of the population of
- 00:01:49Africa just two hundred giant
- 00:01:51corporations dominate a quarter of the
- 00:01:54world's economic activity General Motors
- 00:01:57is now bigger than Denmark Ford is
- 00:01:59bigger than South Africa unseen by
- 00:02:04shoppers in the high street the famous
- 00:02:06brands have almost everything from
- 00:02:08running shoes to baby clothes and now
- 00:02:11made in very poor countries with cheap
- 00:02:13labor at times bordering on a form of
- 00:02:16slave labor Tiger Woods the golfer has
- 00:02:19paid more money to promote Nike than
- 00:02:22most of the entire workforce actually
- 00:02:24making Knight products here in Indonesia
- 00:02:30is this the global village we are told
- 00:02:33is our future or is it merely an old
- 00:02:36project that used to be run by the
- 00:02:38Divine Right of Kings and is now run by
- 00:02:40the divine right of multinational
- 00:02:43corporations and by the financial
- 00:02:45institutions and governments that back
- 00:02:47them this film is about these new rulers
- 00:02:51of the world and especially their impact
- 00:02:53on one country Indonesia
- 00:03:14Indonesia is where the old imperialism
- 00:03:17meets the new this is a country that
- 00:03:19should not be poor it's rich in almost
- 00:03:22everything mountains of copper and gold
- 00:03:25oil timber and the skills and labor of
- 00:03:28its people
- 00:03:33colonized by the Dutch in the 16th
- 00:03:36century Indonesia was plundered by the
- 00:03:38West for hundreds of years a debt that
- 00:03:41is yet to be paid back on Lamanna
- 00:03:48initiative is ISA Pali Nagar on a
- 00:03:51current era to canal Indonesia somua
- 00:03:55Negara Nagar a collector Varma say
- 00:03:58apartment daddy cool munde edema more
- 00:04:03Mumma psycho one and then prodigal son
- 00:04:06piece Karim as currently clearly IMF
- 00:04:11Lipan Julia Nguyen Quoc in ecology
- 00:04:15affirm the Religare eponymous car
- 00:04:17Indonesia garnet Eden a character father
- 00:04:30globalization is used by its champions
- 00:04:33to suggest a coming together of people
- 00:04:35of all races of all countries and it
- 00:04:38will relieve poverty it will distribute
- 00:04:40wealth what we're actually seeing is
- 00:04:42precisely the opposite processes in
- 00:04:45train that the poor are becoming
- 00:04:47markedly poorer well the very wealthy
- 00:04:50are becoming staggeringly wealthy
- 00:04:54and here are some of the staggeringly
- 00:04:57wealthy this is a wedding in Jakarta of
- 00:05:00the Indonesian elite two merchant
- 00:05:02families are being United four years ago
- 00:05:07the World Bank called Indonesia a
- 00:05:09dynamic economic success a model pupil
- 00:05:13of the global economy among the Versace
- 00:05:18dresses and diamonds are those who've
- 00:05:21reaped the benefits of the new global
- 00:05:23freedoms freedom to watch money make
- 00:05:26more money in this respect they could be
- 00:05:28any nationality outside this wedding
- 00:05:34there's another world in Indonesia as
- 00:05:36many as 70 million people live in
- 00:05:39extreme poverty
- 00:05:41[Music]
- 00:05:43we calculate that it would take an
- 00:05:46Indonesian worker like one of the
- 00:05:48waiters serving here 400 years to pay
- 00:05:51for this wedding reception
- 00:06:01less than five miles away is the
- 00:06:03backyard of the global economy the site
- 00:06:06of the dynamic success you don't see
- 00:06:09this is a labor camp that's home to
- 00:06:11workers who make the clothes we buy in
- 00:06:14the high streets and shopping malls this
- 00:06:17is the human price paid for our
- 00:06:19fashionable trainers our smart shirts
- 00:06:21our jeans with a tag that says made in
- 00:06:25Indonesia young people living here who
- 00:06:29make the famous brands are paid on
- 00:06:32average the equivalent of 72 pence a day
- 00:06:35about a dollar that's the legal minimum
- 00:06:40wage in Indonesia according to the
- 00:06:42Indonesian government it's just over
- 00:06:45half a living wage the dormitories are
- 00:06:49made from freeze blocks and
- 00:06:50packing-cases when it rains they flood
- 00:06:53there are open sewers and no clean
- 00:06:56running water many of the children are
- 00:07:02undernourished and prey to disease while
- 00:07:05I was filming here I caught dengue fever
- 00:07:08carried by the mosquitoes which infest
- 00:07:11these slums it kills children the
- 00:07:15conditions here are not very different
- 00:07:16from workers camps in other parts of
- 00:07:19Asia in Africa and Latin America where
- 00:07:22the famous brands are also made cheaply
- 00:07:24for lucrative Western markets
- 00:07:28[Music]
- 00:07:33and this is where they work in what is
- 00:07:37called an economic processing zone which
- 00:07:40means a vast area of sweatshops
- 00:07:46the factories may look modern but once
- 00:07:49you step inside you feel the
- 00:07:51claustrophobia of the workers the sheer
- 00:07:53frenzy of their production and you see
- 00:07:56their fatigue
- 00:08:01[Music]
- 00:08:03posing as fashion buyers we film
- 00:08:06secretly
- 00:08:07in this factory the factories are owned
- 00:08:10by Taiwanese and Korean contractors who
- 00:08:13employ cheap labor to make the products
- 00:08:15of famous brands such as Nike Reebok and
- 00:08:18added s we looked at one famous brand
- 00:08:23gap the working conditions we found by
- 00:08:26no means the worst
- 00:08:27I mean the quality the quality control
- 00:08:34of gap I think is X we found more than a
- 00:08:39thousand mostly young women working
- 00:08:42crowded together under the glare of
- 00:08:44strip lighting in temperatures that can
- 00:08:46reach 40 degrees centigrade the only
- 00:08:50air-conditioning is upstairs where the
- 00:08:52bosses are working hours can vary and
- 00:08:57can be increased dramatically when an
- 00:09:00urgent export order has to be met we
- 00:09:03surveyed five factories regarded as
- 00:09:05typical and I interviewed workers from
- 00:09:08all over Jakarta work 24 hour shift with
- 00:09:13just a couple of breaks and then two
- 00:09:16hours later you start another shift so
- 00:09:20in in effect you work a 36-hour shift
- 00:09:24thank at the hello sister daddy came to
- 00:09:29to take a fool somewhere but you like
- 00:09:32you fidgety couple oh yes but I hear -
- 00:09:36alright
- 00:09:37Jamie Jamie laughs and bless the couple
- 00:09:41are you given any choice
- 00:09:45maybe sir what would happen if you
- 00:09:48refuse to do this 24 hour shift yeah I
- 00:09:51mean I don't remember a morality getting
- 00:09:55back what I think on these long 24 hour
- 00:10:00shifts do you recall what labels you
- 00:10:03were packing okay I'm gonna get some
- 00:10:06what I love you do any of the people
- 00:10:09from the gap company ever visit your
- 00:10:12factory setting
- 00:10:13do they ever ask you about or
- 00:10:15investigate the working conditions your
- 00:10:18working conditions do you plan to be the
- 00:10:23person in - I'm not gonna be come back
- 00:10:26to and get to that no bullying among
- 00:10:28young so like how does this man or one
- 00:10:32dairy person idea what they tell you to
- 00:10:34say yeah I'm feeling a little bit along
- 00:10:38see for ya be there forever my mom when
- 00:10:43I see her I'm gonna rearrange electing
- 00:10:45McKenna what is that this is what the
- 00:10:50gap company calls a code of conduct in
- 00:10:53response to criticism famous global
- 00:10:56brands like gap have come up with these
- 00:10:58codes they say the idea is to set
- 00:11:01standards and protect workers but how
- 00:11:04effectively is it enforced you have to
- 00:11:09come to Indonesia to really realize what
- 00:11:11codes of conducts means and that is this
- 00:11:14almost useless to exercise or to
- 00:11:18implement code of conduct here in this
- 00:11:20country because this government is
- 00:11:23always campaigning cheap labor here in
- 00:11:27Indonesia to attract the foreign
- 00:11:29investment and codes of conducts cannot
- 00:11:32do anything about that
- 00:11:33and because Indonesian workers is
- 00:11:38already very poor and the rate of
- 00:11:42unemployment here is very very high so
- 00:11:44that people will work whatever whatever
- 00:11:49kind of work they have or how many how
- 00:11:52much they paid really
- 00:11:53Gilbert the gap company stipulates a
- 00:11:57maximum working week of 60 hours
- 00:12:00it says workers may refuse overtime
- 00:12:03without any threat of penalty other
- 00:12:06people who do extraordinary shifts like
- 00:12:10much more than 12 hours even up to 24
- 00:12:13hours
- 00:12:14oh come on QC to get your penis in you
- 00:12:17two know each other up on some video
- 00:12:19bless malum we came to a blessed man I'm
- 00:12:22Connor I'm doing a novice on Amy must in
- 00:12:24the export can you see make up nearly
- 00:12:26enough and some good stuff do you let it
- 00:12:29go to 16 hours standing yeah
- 00:12:36is that common God exfoliant weeny Expo
- 00:12:42hamster saya target onion Angus Guillen
- 00:12:45must be it's the gap code of conduct
- 00:12:49displayed in the factory by Osama Scalia
- 00:12:52broken rotten rotten boroughs and windy
- 00:12:55today because anything upon public yeah
- 00:12:58no second rate the problem needle
- 00:13:01emphasis on it indefinitely
- 00:13:03we had imminent operatic very well on
- 00:13:09these boxer shorts were made in one of
- 00:13:11the factories we investigated before we
- 00:13:14left London
- 00:13:15we bought a pair at a Gap store in
- 00:13:17Oxford Street for eight pounds out of
- 00:13:21that eight pounds an Indonesian worker
- 00:13:23gets less than four pence it's the same
- 00:13:27for running shoes that sell here 400
- 00:13:29pounds out of that hundred pounds a
- 00:13:32worker gets around 40 pence that
- 00:13:35wouldn't even buy the laces yes I'm
- 00:13:39target
- 00:13:39vanunu yeah Oh pinata Darren starter in
- 00:13:44Ibiza Darren's after China Unicom visa
- 00:13:47momentum and Pennsylvania offer a key
- 00:13:49weeaboo and Rana
- 00:13:51Suhani minimal yama niyama commencement
- 00:13:53of antigua weeaboo tarana hit minima
- 00:13:57last year the chief executive of gap
- 00:14:00earned more than five and a half
- 00:14:03dollars the profits of gap were 1.3
- 00:14:06eight billion dollars and this is
- 00:14:09typical of many companies in order to
- 00:14:14protect the workers in this film we have
- 00:14:17not named the factories we investigated
- 00:14:19in Indonesia as in other countries which
- 00:14:22have sweatshop economies workers who
- 00:14:25speak out face the danger of
- 00:14:27victimization from contractors and
- 00:14:29violence from anti trade union forces
- 00:14:32data sorry a trade union leader was
- 00:14:35herself imprisoned and tortured God's of
- 00:14:39conduct must be monitored by trade
- 00:14:41unions
- 00:14:41how could you monitor codes of conducts
- 00:14:44if trade unions is still weak if the
- 00:14:47police is surrounding the directives and
- 00:14:50if they're facing repression whenever
- 00:14:53they operate we ask the gap company for
- 00:14:57an interview but they declined saying it
- 00:15:00was unfair not to identify the factories
- 00:15:02as they couldn't verify our evidence we
- 00:15:06sent them a list of questions and they
- 00:15:08supplied this statement gap says it
- 00:15:11employs one of the most comprehensive
- 00:15:14factory monitoring programs in their
- 00:15:16industry for some manufacturers our
- 00:15:20standards are too tough and we refuse to
- 00:15:22do business with them we prefer to work
- 00:15:25with them to fix the problem we can't
- 00:15:27force them to comply one of the things
- 00:15:32that that we can do to take action in
- 00:15:35support of better conditions for people
- 00:15:39in developing countries is when we buy
- 00:15:41anything ask the retailer where this
- 00:15:44product comes from under what conditions
- 00:15:47it's produced right to the company that
- 00:15:50made the product and say you want
- 00:15:51assurances that this comes from a
- 00:15:53factory that treats this work as well
- 00:15:57that gives us workers rights to be able
- 00:15:59to form trade unions etc and these are
- 00:16:02some very basic ways in which we can act
- 00:16:06as as informed consumers
- 00:16:09[Music]
- 00:16:13I'm not afraid of
- 00:16:17but how I fear the things I do for like
- 00:16:25oven
- 00:16:32[Applause]
- 00:16:38globalization in Asia has a secret
- 00:16:40history the great sweatshops and banks
- 00:16:43and luxury hotels in Indonesia were
- 00:16:46built on the mass murder of as many as 1
- 00:16:49million people and episode the West
- 00:16:52would prefer to forget but many people
- 00:16:56here have not forgotten in recent years
- 00:16:59people all over the country have begun
- 00:17:02searching for the remains of loved ones
- 00:17:04murdered when General Suharto seized
- 00:17:07power in the mid-1960s aided by the
- 00:17:10United States and Britain
- 00:17:16[Music]
- 00:17:25until recently the truth of this episode
- 00:17:28has remained so secret that this is the
- 00:17:31only known photograph of the atrocities
- 00:17:39[Music]
- 00:17:48one day in early October 1965 a gang of
- 00:17:52thugs entered this school in Jakarta and
- 00:17:55beat to death a headmaster he was
- 00:17:58suspected of being a communist his
- 00:18:00murder was typical of the slaughter of
- 00:18:02more than a million people teachers
- 00:18:05students civil servants peasant farmers
- 00:18:08described by the CIA as one of the worst
- 00:18:11mass murders of the 20th century the
- 00:18:14origins of this terrible episode have
- 00:18:16been covered in mystery
- 00:18:18certainly it brought to power General
- 00:18:20Suharto but what is now merging is the
- 00:18:24extent to which he was secretly backed
- 00:18:26by the United States and Britain and by
- 00:18:28Western business leaders within a year
- 00:18:32of the bloodbath Indonesia's economy was
- 00:18:35effectively redesigned in America giving
- 00:18:38the West access to vast mineral wealth
- 00:18:40markets and cheap labor what President
- 00:18:44Nixon called the greatest prize in Asia
- 00:18:48to Western business the great value of
- 00:18:51General Suharto was that he succeeded in
- 00:18:54getting rid of the founder of modern
- 00:18:56Indonesia
- 00:18:57Achmed sakano a nationalist who believed
- 00:19:01in economic independence for his people
- 00:19:03he kept the great Western corporations
- 00:19:06out of Indonesia and throughout their
- 00:19:08agents the World Bank and the
- 00:19:10International Monetary Fund it was only
- 00:19:13when one of his generals Suharto seized
- 00:19:17power that the door was open to Asia's
- 00:19:19greatest prize when the Suharto regime
- 00:19:25came in after after the pooch they were
- 00:19:28able to make a loss of the fact that
- 00:19:30they were calling the IMF and the World
- 00:19:33Bank back in they were going to rescue
- 00:19:37them you see and and British propaganda
- 00:19:39in particular made a lot of this you
- 00:19:41know the IMF was was decent and it was
- 00:19:44going to bring order and and everything
- 00:19:46was going to be lovely in the Indonesian
- 00:19:48garden and as I say British diplomat
- 00:19:52still alive has has said to me that was
- 00:19:55very much a part of the deal
- 00:19:59Britain and the United States secretly
- 00:20:02conspired to back General Suharto the
- 00:20:05American ambassador assured him that the
- 00:20:08u.s. government is generally sympathetic
- 00:20:10with an admiring of what the Army is
- 00:20:13doing
- 00:20:18thousands were rounded up what was not
- 00:20:21known at the time was later reveal by
- 00:20:24American officials the CIA had supplied
- 00:20:27a list of 5000 opponents to be
- 00:20:30assassinated and embassy officials
- 00:20:33ticked off their names as they were
- 00:20:35murdered the British ambassador
- 00:20:38recommended a little shooting as an
- 00:20:41essential preliminary to effective
- 00:20:43change in the first few days the British
- 00:20:48forces in particular purported not
- 00:20:50really to know what was going on
- 00:20:52[Music]
- 00:20:54of course they knew what was happening I
- 00:20:56mean there were bodies being washed up
- 00:20:57on the lawn of the British Consulate in
- 00:20:59Surabaya their bodies floating all over
- 00:21:01the Malacca Strait and so forth
- 00:21:05a man called how do you brought a
- 00:21:09lieutenant-colonel or something one was
- 00:21:12anxious to take some troops Indonesian
- 00:21:14troops from the east coast of Sumatra
- 00:21:18from the northeast coast of Sumatra to
- 00:21:21East and Central Java so they could take
- 00:21:24part in what we now know was this
- 00:21:26terrible Holocaust really he found a
- 00:21:30Panamanian ship and the ship sailed with
- 00:21:33the troops down the Malacca Strait they
- 00:21:35escorted by two British warships so the
- 00:21:38British were directly involved in as
- 00:21:41what you described as as a Holocaust
- 00:21:44well uh yeah I would count that some
- 00:21:47sort of involvement one chair
- 00:21:50the American Press reported these events
- 00:21:53not as a crime against humanity but in
- 00:21:57terms of their economic advantage to the
- 00:21:59West
- 00:22:03Time magazine call them vengeance with a
- 00:22:06smile and the West best news for years
- 00:22:12others described a gleam of light in
- 00:22:15Asia the seeds of globalization were
- 00:22:19planted in the bloodbath in 1967 the
- 00:22:24time-life corporation sponsored a
- 00:22:27conference in Switzerland that planned
- 00:22:29the corporate takeover of Indonesia it
- 00:22:33was attended by the most powerful
- 00:22:35businessmen in the world such as David
- 00:22:38Rockefeller the Giants of Western
- 00:22:40capitalism were represented the oil
- 00:22:43companies the bank's General Motors
- 00:22:45British Leyland I CI British American
- 00:22:49Tobacco lemon brothers American Express
- 00:22:52Siemens across the table were Indonesian
- 00:22:58leaders approved by General Suharto
- 00:23:04for Western business it was the start of
- 00:23:07the gold rush which later became known
- 00:23:09as globalization
- 00:23:12[Music]
- 00:23:15no one mentioned the killing of a
- 00:23:18million people
- 00:23:19[Music]
- 00:23:24[Music]
- 00:23:28I've never ever heard of a situation
- 00:23:31like this for any country where global
- 00:23:34capital essentially holds a meeting with
- 00:23:36state and hammers out the conditions of
- 00:23:40their own entry into the country
- 00:23:43the conference went on for three days
- 00:23:46the first day was when the Indonesian
- 00:23:49spoke and essentially made their case
- 00:23:52they divided into five different
- 00:23:55sections on the second day sectoral
- 00:23:58meetings mining in one room food
- 00:24:00services light industry and another
- 00:24:02banking and finance in another
- 00:24:04chase-manhattan was there and
- 00:24:06simultaneously they hammered out
- 00:24:08policies that we're going to be
- 00:24:11acceptable to these global investors on
- 00:24:15a sector-by-sector basis with each of
- 00:24:18the people going around the table sink
- 00:24:19this is what we need to see this this
- 00:24:21this and they basically designed the
- 00:24:24legal infrastructure for investment in
- 00:24:26Indonesia
- 00:24:32was the foreign business community here
- 00:24:35aware that they were dealing not just
- 00:24:38with her up nepeta sztyc dictatorship
- 00:24:42but also with a mass murderer
- 00:24:50that's a very general question well yes
- 00:24:54of course specific actually I mean mass
- 00:24:56murder is mass murder
- 00:24:58[Music]
- 00:25:06that the fact that many people have died
- 00:25:09in Indonesia in unfortunate tragic
- 00:25:13circumstances at the directly or
- 00:25:21indirectly as a result of the previous
- 00:25:22regime is hugely unfortunate whether if
- 00:25:30foreign investment had not been here
- 00:25:32that would have prevented in any way
- 00:25:35those events occurring nobody nobody has
- 00:25:42perfect vision on on what might have
- 00:25:44been
- 00:25:45[Music]
- 00:25:50globalization began in Britain in the
- 00:25:521980s when Margaret Thatcher dismantled
- 00:25:55much of manufacturing and poured
- 00:25:58millions of pounds into building up the
- 00:26:00arms industry Indonesia became an
- 00:26:04important British arms market and
- 00:26:06General Suharto was sold everything
- 00:26:09lethal from fighter aircraft and
- 00:26:11missiles to warships and machine guns
- 00:26:15unknown to the British public millions
- 00:26:18of pounds went to the dictator in export
- 00:26:21credits in other words a large part of
- 00:26:25his arms bill was paid by the British
- 00:26:28taxpayer so important was Suharto is a
- 00:26:32business partner that the mass murderer
- 00:26:35was welcomed to London by the Queen
- 00:26:38[Music]
- 00:26:39[Applause]
- 00:26:41[Music]
- 00:26:46who are the new rulers of the world
- 00:26:49their empire today is greater than the
- 00:26:52British Empire ever was this is the
- 00:26:55center of this new Empire all within a
- 00:26:58square mile in Washington down the road
- 00:27:01from the White House and the US Treasury
- 00:27:03is the World Bank and the International
- 00:27:06Monetary Fund
- 00:27:07[Music]
- 00:27:14these two bodies are the agents of the
- 00:27:16richest countries on earth especially
- 00:27:18the United States
- 00:27:23the World Bank and the IMF was set up
- 00:27:25near the end of World War two to rebuild
- 00:27:28the economies of Europe later they began
- 00:27:32offering loans to poor countries but
- 00:27:35only if they privatized their economies
- 00:27:37and allowed Western corporations free
- 00:27:40access to their raw materials and
- 00:27:42markets debt has really been used as an
- 00:27:47instrument in order for the IMF and the
- 00:27:51World Bank to get their policies
- 00:27:54implemented in many developing countries
- 00:27:57and we're into a situation now where the
- 00:27:59poorest countries are in a cycle a
- 00:28:02vicious cycle of poverty they can't get
- 00:28:05out and the the kind of of debt
- 00:28:07cancellation that's been given still
- 00:28:10will not allow them to get out of this
- 00:28:13poverty traps not a question of debt
- 00:28:15forgiveness because actually many of the
- 00:28:18debts were incurred under pressure from
- 00:28:21the international institutions or were
- 00:28:25given in collusion with governments
- 00:28:27which weren't acting in them in the
- 00:28:29interest of their people let me ask you
- 00:28:31do you know the difference between
- 00:28:34Tanzania and Goldman Sachs Tanzania is a
- 00:28:39country that has a gross national
- 00:28:41product of 2.2 billion dollars and
- 00:28:43shares it between 25 million people
- 00:28:46Goldman Sachs is an investment firm
- 00:28:49which has annual profits of 2.2 billion
- 00:28:53dollars and shares them among 161
- 00:28:56partners that's the world we're living
- 00:28:59in now
- 00:29:05the wall bank says the same as to help
- 00:29:07poor people promoting what it calls
- 00:29:10global development it's an ingenious
- 00:29:12system a kind of socialism for the rich
- 00:29:15and capitalism for the poor the rich get
- 00:29:18richer on running up debt cheap labour
- 00:29:20and paying as little tax as possible
- 00:29:22while the poor get poorer as their jobs
- 00:29:25and public services are cut back in
- 00:29:28order to pay just the interest on debt
- 00:29:30owed by their governments to the World
- 00:29:32Bank here in Indonesia when most people
- 00:29:35are poor the handouts to the rich have
- 00:29:38been extraordinary to say the least
- 00:29:40internal documents of the World Bank
- 00:29:42confirm but up to a third of the bank's
- 00:29:45loans to the dictatorship of General
- 00:29:47Suharto went into the pockets of his
- 00:29:49cronies and corrupt officials that's
- 00:29:53around 8 billion dollars
- 00:30:02globalization means that capital and big
- 00:30:05money can be moved anywhere at any time
- 00:30:08without warning in 1998 short-term
- 00:30:11capital was suddenly pulled out of Asia
- 00:30:14crippling the miracle economy overnight
- 00:30:17when the Indonesian Rupiah collapsed
- 00:30:20from being roughly 2500 rupiah to the
- 00:30:23dollar to being what it is now ten
- 00:30:26thousand rupiah to the dollar the costs
- 00:30:29to Nike for each Indonesian laborer was
- 00:30:32cut to 25% of what it had been and Nike
- 00:30:36got a great discount on Indonesian labor
- 00:30:38as a result and did not unilaterally
- 00:30:41raise Indonesian wages to the same
- 00:30:43standard they had been prior to the
- 00:30:45devaluation of the rupiah
- 00:30:48[Applause]
- 00:30:51with the economy collapsed an Indonesia
- 00:30:53on the verge of revolution Suharto was
- 00:30:56forced to step down having already
- 00:30:59stolen an estimated 15 billion dollars
- 00:31:06during his reign of more than 30 years
- 00:31:09Suharto had handed out public utilities
- 00:31:12to his family and cronies they owned
- 00:31:15most of the national power grid nothing
- 00:31:18was overlooked from TV stations to a
- 00:31:21monopoly on taxis driving from Jakarta
- 00:31:26Airport you even paid at all to Sahar
- 00:31:29OHS daughter
- 00:31:30[Music]
- 00:31:33these unfinished buildings are monuments
- 00:31:37to corruption on a scale unheard of in
- 00:31:39modern Asia to what the World Bank
- 00:31:42called the miracle economy the bank
- 00:31:46presents itself as an economic
- 00:31:49development agency focused on the
- 00:31:52reduction of poverty but in fact the
- 00:31:54bank operated during the entire Cold War
- 00:31:57as an institution that distributed
- 00:32:00resources to mostly authoritarian
- 00:32:03regimes in the third world that
- 00:32:06supported the West in the Cold War so
- 00:32:09you had the irony of the West claiming
- 00:32:12that what they were defending in the
- 00:32:13Cold War was democracy and a certain
- 00:32:15vision of freedom but doing so by
- 00:32:17upholding dictatorships like Indonesia
- 00:32:19around the world what they did was they
- 00:32:23had plenty of projects some of which
- 00:32:25surely were valuable many of which were
- 00:32:28not every one of these projects from the
- 00:32:30Indonesian government officials point of
- 00:32:32view was an opportunity to skim to live
- 00:32:37a luxurious life
- 00:32:38and the accumulated theft over the
- 00:32:41course of Suharto's new order roughly
- 00:32:43three decades was ten billion dollars
- 00:32:46that's unaccounted for out of a total of
- 00:32:48about 30 billion that was loaned and
- 00:32:51when I said to the Auditor General of
- 00:32:53World Bank what if a group of Indonesian
- 00:32:57citizens or even the government were to
- 00:33:00challenge the World Bank in the World
- 00:33:02Court over this loss of money the
- 00:33:05citizens who were who bear the burden of
- 00:33:07this debt never got the money why should
- 00:33:10it still sit on their shoulders to be
- 00:33:12repaid and his response was we would be
- 00:33:15bankrupted and I said why dead because
- 00:33:19this has gone on the world over I went
- 00:33:23to Washington to interview the chief
- 00:33:25economist of the World Bank
- 00:33:27Nicholas stone I asked him to explain
- 00:33:30how almost 30 percent of world bank
- 00:33:33loans to Indonesia had been lost or
- 00:33:36stolen we simply don't know what that
- 00:33:40number is
- 00:33:41in his recent internal report August 97
- 00:33:45I quote we estimate that at least 20 to
- 00:33:4830 percent of government of Indonesia
- 00:33:50development budget funds are diverted
- 00:33:53through informal payments to government
- 00:33:56staff and politicians that number was
- 00:34:00plucked at plucked out of the air lots
- 00:34:02of times we have to guess with numbers
- 00:34:04and the person who wrote that was
- 00:34:06guessing somebody comes somebody comes
- 00:34:07up with a number and it gets recycled
- 00:34:09but it that the I don't dismiss the
- 00:34:12issue but just let's not get hung up on
- 00:34:14one figure which isn't a particularly
- 00:34:16hard I mean if it is a third of what the
- 00:34:19World Bank has put into one country in
- 00:34:21Venice a serious it's a serious question
- 00:34:23the when you have alone there's a lender
- 00:34:27and a borrower and they share the
- 00:34:31responsibility in some way there's
- 00:34:33there's a strong case that has been made
- 00:34:35by people have seen this evidence that
- 00:34:37the World Bank was duped by the Suharto
- 00:34:40regime claiming that poverty dropped 30
- 00:34:42million and in fact poverty was around
- 00:34:44of a 60 minute let's talk about the
- 00:34:46heart of it as the income poverty
- 00:34:48figures are always the most difficult
- 00:34:49ones to get your hands on but I think
- 00:34:52the illiteracy figures in the
- 00:34:54infant mortality figures are in this
- 00:34:56case probably more reliable and there
- 00:34:59was some progress during that 30 year
- 00:35:01period significant progress in cutting
- 00:35:03illiteracy by half and so on
- 00:35:04that's a very important step forward so
- 00:35:06let's not lose sight of that 97 the
- 00:35:09World Bank describes the economy under
- 00:35:11Suharto and the famous report is
- 00:35:13absolutely dynamic doing everything
- 00:35:15right
- 00:35:16terrific brilliant you know by that time
- 00:35:19the whole Asian thing had already
- 00:35:20started to collapse it wasn't until the
- 00:35:24following year that the World Bank for
- 00:35:26the first time in 30 years had anything
- 00:35:29to say about a regime that is guilty of
- 00:35:36mass murder why was there such a silence
- 00:35:39that seemed to a lot of people simply to
- 00:35:41be complicity with this murderous
- 00:35:44dictatorship I think if we look back on
- 00:35:48our analysis of the economy and the
- 00:35:51politics at the time we've got a number
- 00:35:53of things wrong and we have to
- 00:35:56understand that we're gonna get things
- 00:35:58wrong again not so many people called
- 00:36:02the Asian crisis before it happened we
- 00:36:06failed along with a large although
- 00:36:09you're you all economists with yeah
- 00:36:12fantastic degrees and brilliant
- 00:36:15backgrounds and and how could you get it
- 00:36:17that wrong we're gonna get it wrong some
- 00:36:19of the time
- 00:36:20I think non-economists get it wrong a
- 00:36:22lot more often than economists but this
- 00:36:25isn't a precise game and there are gonna
- 00:36:28be a number of occasions in the future
- 00:36:30where we get things wrong too
- 00:36:31so globalization creates debts and debts
- 00:36:34creates misery creates unemployment's
- 00:36:37creates the crisis creates privatisation
- 00:36:41a lot of states enterprise being
- 00:36:43privatized so people will have to pay
- 00:36:46more to have an access for for instance
- 00:36:49like health education so it's not
- 00:36:53natural that's it's not natural it's
- 00:36:56it's designed there in effect the money
- 00:36:59stolen by the Suharto family is being
- 00:37:03repaid yeah
- 00:37:05by my ass by the children
- 00:37:15[Music]
- 00:37:17every day more than a hundred million
- 00:37:19dollars is transferred in debt
- 00:37:22repayments from the poorest countries on
- 00:37:25earth to the richest
- 00:37:35the poverty of families like this is
- 00:37:38paying off Indonesia's huge debt the
- 00:37:42conditions of the IMF's latest loan
- 00:37:44include a reduction in subsidies on
- 00:37:46certain fuel and food half this man's
- 00:37:50monthly wage of less than 40 pounds goes
- 00:37:54on medical treatment for his children
- 00:37:56who suffer from a serious blood disorder
- 00:37:58as prices go up he cannot even afford
- 00:38:02the special drugs that keep them alive
- 00:38:10yamaneika sake the understand [ __ ]
- 00:38:15da-da-da-da-da-da-da
- 00:38:16and yet I want to preach at Casa Karan
- 00:38:18can we be really up until you burn
- 00:38:21injury here Gulen if you still are
- 00:38:23selfish adhara to the pasty pushing
- 00:38:29every pineapple on your garden excess
- 00:38:32activity per day would have available in
- 00:38:34kita bisa tariffs in German what robot
- 00:38:38an originally extractor collaborative
- 00:38:40R&D I'm Barbara and I she's not gonna
- 00:38:50weigh America educating a nike Angus
- 00:38:52abraha look at that automatically via
- 00:38:55Madonna did a movie AngelList okay bro
- 00:38:57buckle a [ __ ] visa litigator para
- 00:39:00abandon you 12 you and I got a located
- 00:39:04Martin Indyk is an economist if a man is
- 00:39:08Karim
- 00:39:11since OG Ganga yep I get that misciagna
- 00:39:15prayer some of them Renta I could never
- 00:39:17event a bigoted that is perentie Danann
- 00:39:21super neck anyway messages per se llaman
- 00:39:26things kurakin alhamdulillah disaster
- 00:39:28mobile robot VR wallop on kita mechanic
- 00:39:32I cannot see that weird al hamdulillah
- 00:39:37in the global economy one American
- 00:39:41corporation dominates the world trade in
- 00:39:43food grains while almost half the
- 00:39:46world's population like this family
- 00:39:48attempt to live on less than $2 a day
- 00:39:54[Music]
- 00:39:56[Applause]
- 00:40:01[Music]
- 00:40:04what do you say to those 17 million
- 00:40:06people who call for a complete and I
- 00:40:09repeat complete cancellation of debt as
- 00:40:11the only way to lift the huge number of
- 00:40:16poor people in the world out of poverty
- 00:40:19I'd say two things first what will lift
- 00:40:24people out of poverty is not canceling
- 00:40:27their debt but what the what policies
- 00:40:29their countries pursue whether they
- 00:40:30educate poor people whether they give
- 00:40:33them health and so the question and then
- 00:40:36what sort of economies they try to run
- 00:40:38do they integrate them into the world
- 00:40:40economy or do they run corrupt economies
- 00:40:43those are the primary determinants of
- 00:40:45how well countries will do that is the
- 00:40:48answer to how or what determines that
- 00:40:52whether people get out of poverty it can
- 00:40:54be done it has been done should we
- 00:40:56cancel the debt counseling that is one
- 00:40:59way of giving resources to poor
- 00:41:01countries what I'd like to see is a much
- 00:41:04greater flow of resources to poor
- 00:41:06countries I'd like to see the markets of
- 00:41:08the industrialized countries open so
- 00:41:10that these countries where people are
- 00:41:12poor and can produce agriculture are
- 00:41:14able to export that's what will get them
- 00:41:17out of poverty the statement debt relief
- 00:41:19is the only thing that will get them out
- 00:41:21of poverty is wrong it would help
- 00:41:24provided it as a company by whole set of
- 00:41:27other measures but surely debt even in
- 00:41:29one's own life and especially a poor
- 00:41:32person's life is the greatest cause of
- 00:41:36real poverty no and and when you have a
- 00:41:39country devoting half its budget to
- 00:41:44paying or for debt when you have the
- 00:41:47poorest countries in the world sending
- 00:41:48out millions of dollars into the rich
- 00:41:50world surely as a priority that debt has
- 00:41:56to wear that debt has to be either a
- 00:41:59leave substantially or go altogether
- 00:42:01doesn't that mean it just seems common
- 00:42:03sense to me if I got that wrong yeah
- 00:42:05you've got it wrong Oh let me explain
- 00:42:07okay first of all you are indebted and I
- 00:42:11am
- 00:42:11indebted and I would not be better off
- 00:42:13if I was somebody to come and counsel my
- 00:42:15debt because I've never be able to
- 00:42:17borrow again and debt is a normal way of
- 00:42:20borrowing in order to do things purchase
- 00:42:23goods invest when you don't have the
- 00:42:26resources and they'll generate an income
- 00:42:28and you'll repay so the notion that all
- 00:42:30debts should be cancer's bad one
- 00:42:32financial systems operate on the basis
- 00:42:35of debt that is paid the Human Rights
- 00:42:39Commission of the United Nations in a
- 00:42:40very comprehensive report said my quote
- 00:42:43the institutions of globalization have
- 00:42:45yet to seriously address the issue of
- 00:42:47human rights in a democratic fashion
- 00:42:51globalization has caused global
- 00:42:53conditions of inequality and
- 00:42:55discrimination well what's your response
- 00:42:59to that
- 00:43:00hi simply can't respond because I have
- 00:43:03no idea where what what evidence that
- 00:43:06are referring to human globalization is
- 00:43:09caused discrimination he thought it was
- 00:43:12the opposite I'd have thought that they
- 00:43:14for instance they singled out workers in
- 00:43:16third world economic processing zones
- 00:43:19again part of a prescription may not be
- 00:43:23IMF prescription but certainly part of
- 00:43:26the global prescription in which it said
- 00:43:31these workers were prey for exploitation
- 00:43:34and because unemployment for instance
- 00:43:37they mentioned Indonesia had been forced
- 00:43:40down by the so-called economic crisis of
- 00:43:44the late 90s their human rights were
- 00:43:46lost now Indonesia grew as a result of
- 00:43:51integrating into the global economy from
- 00:43:54the 60s on and incomes in indonesia
- 00:43:57arose it was a dictatorship some of
- 00:44:00their rights were were suppressed and it
- 00:44:03was a very bad dictatorship a mr.
- 00:44:05fisherman is you say some of their
- 00:44:07rights were repressed a third of the
- 00:44:09population of East Timor died or were
- 00:44:11killed under the Suharto regime what are
- 00:44:14you asking me that question for do you
- 00:44:16think we supported the Suharto regime
- 00:44:18don't be ridiculous
- 00:44:19well did you speak out against the did
- 00:44:21your did your institution the IMF
- 00:44:24speak out the worldbank didn't the first
- 00:44:27time after 30 odd years in there the
- 00:44:29first time they spoke out was 1998 what
- 00:44:31are the IMF say about it when the IMF
- 00:44:33went into Indonesia it insisted on a
- 00:44:37removal of a host of corrupt practices
- 00:44:40that began to weaken that regime it was
- 00:44:43not an intended consequence but it was
- 00:44:45intended that we went in and helped
- 00:44:49remove the corrupt practices in a
- 00:44:51variety of Monopoly areas and because
- 00:45:01now the government has recommended by
- 00:45:03the IMF has already cutting off a lot of
- 00:45:07subsidies not only all the electricity
- 00:45:09but also water and education and
- 00:45:12subsidies and agriculture so it means
- 00:45:16that the workers if they have sons or
- 00:45:18daughters they have to pay more if they
- 00:45:22want to put them put their children to
- 00:45:26school before of course people eat three
- 00:45:33meals a day but now they have to also
- 00:45:37make efficiency
- 00:45:40so they eat instead of three they eat
- 00:45:43twice a day and all they reduce the
- 00:45:50quality of the food so that's why maybe
- 00:45:54the level of productivity is getting
- 00:45:56getting lower because people are getting
- 00:45:58poor and getting tired and if you are
- 00:46:00tired you cannot work properly
- 00:46:07[Music]
- 00:46:20jeepers
- 00:46:23[Music]
- 00:46:29[Music]
- 00:46:31two years ago thousands of protesters
- 00:46:34from all over the world converged on the
- 00:46:37American city of Seattle where the World
- 00:46:39Trade Organization was meeting this was
- 00:46:43news because it happened in America
- 00:46:48and yet throughout the world in Africa
- 00:46:52Latin America Asia a deeper movement
- 00:46:55against globalization has been growing
- 00:46:57for years but this is not considered
- 00:47:01news on every continent millions of
- 00:47:05ordinary people have protested against
- 00:47:07the power of the IMF and the World Bank
- 00:47:10and the imposition of Western power
- 00:47:13people have marched and petitioned
- 00:47:15against privatization against selling
- 00:47:18off their water against turning their
- 00:47:21farms into suppliers for the dinner
- 00:47:23tables of the rich now the protests have
- 00:47:27spread to Western countries from Seattle
- 00:47:30to Melbourne London to Genoa the
- 00:47:36coverage of these events follows a
- 00:47:38pattern it seems it's only news when
- 00:47:41there's violence even when the great
- 00:47:43majority of the protesters are peaceful
- 00:47:45in contrast the violence of the economic
- 00:47:48policies they are protesting about his
- 00:47:51seldom news in the weeks and days
- 00:47:54leading up to May Day in London the
- 00:47:57police and the government orchestrated a
- 00:47:59propaganda campaign
- 00:48:02the aim clearly was to alienate the
- 00:48:05public from the demonstrators by
- 00:48:07representing them collectively as
- 00:48:09violent and by suppressing the very
- 00:48:12issues that have public support the
- 00:48:15limits of Tolerance are passed when
- 00:48:18protesters in the name of some spurious
- 00:48:21cause seek to inflict fear terror
- 00:48:24violence and criminal damage on our
- 00:48:26people and property to tony blair the
- 00:48:30rich getting richer and the poor getting
- 00:48:33poorer is a spurious cause when May Day
- 00:48:39came 6,000 police turned part of
- 00:48:42London's West End into a giant detention
- 00:48:45camp I think the the issue of violence
- 00:48:50which were constantly asked about this
- 00:48:53may our main way in I think that the key
- 00:48:56to these things is actually getting mass
- 00:48:58and amounts of people involved because
- 00:49:00the media will put one one point of view
- 00:49:02across time and time again you know that
- 00:49:04the mindless hooligan aside but when you
- 00:49:06think about the the mass redundancies
- 00:49:08that poverty the starvation the literal
- 00:49:12raping of a country through through
- 00:49:13through through third world and what
- 00:49:16have you
- 00:49:16now that is violence on a huge scale
- 00:49:18it's genocide
- 00:49:23the newest ruler of the world is the
- 00:49:26world trade organization based in Geneva
- 00:49:29the Economist magazine calls it an
- 00:49:32embryo world government and yet no one
- 00:49:35has voted for it The effect of its
- 00:49:40policies make it illegal for governments
- 00:49:43to hinder the profits of big business
- 00:49:45this is known as free trade if there's
- 00:49:49one feature about the global economy
- 00:49:51it's the companies have globalized but
- 00:49:54we haven't regulated the global
- 00:49:56companies and and that's the change that
- 00:49:58we've got to put into this international
- 00:50:00system if we're ever going to get rules
- 00:50:03that are ferrars to workers fairer to
- 00:50:05the world's poor fairer to all of those
- 00:50:08who are affected by this international
- 00:50:09production system people can't stand by
- 00:50:13they can't be spectators when we're
- 00:50:15faced with forces like this they joined
- 00:50:18this movement and the movement starts to
- 00:50:20gather momentum already we've had some
- 00:50:23extraordinary successes we managed to
- 00:50:26stop the implementation of a crazy idea
- 00:50:30called the multilateral agreement on
- 00:50:33investment which would have allowed
- 00:50:34corporations to sue governments for the
- 00:50:37removal of any law which they didn't
- 00:50:38like now that was being promoted that
- 00:50:41idea by the 29 most powerful countries
- 00:50:44on earth it was being promoted by all
- 00:50:46the major multinational corporations and
- 00:50:49all the big institutions such as the
- 00:50:51World Trade Organization and a ragged
- 00:50:53band of dissenters around the world
- 00:50:55managed to stop it we beat them and if
- 00:50:59we can beat that we can beat anything
- 00:51:01what is with the people is the fact that
- 00:51:04the corporations and the super power are
- 00:51:07using more and more fabricated
- 00:51:11propaganda people can now see through
- 00:51:13the spin people know they cannot believe
- 00:51:16anymore what is said and the people are
- 00:51:19starting to draw their support they're
- 00:51:22starting to say now a government that
- 00:51:25only protects to pay Pepsi and the coke
- 00:51:27in the McDonald it's not our government
- 00:51:31in rich countries like Britain
- 00:51:33globalization is well advanced the
- 00:51:36disastrous selling off of the railways
- 00:51:38and the creeping privatisation of
- 00:51:41everything from health care to air
- 00:51:43traffic control the financial pages
- 00:51:47celebrate a booming economy yet one in
- 00:51:51five British children grows up in
- 00:51:53poverty there are almost 10 million
- 00:51:56Britons living in poverty the gap
- 00:52:01between the rich and the rest gets wider
- 00:52:03and this is said to be a spurious cause
- 00:52:11all over the world millions of ordinary
- 00:52:13people are asking why they have no say
- 00:52:17in decisions that bring hardship to
- 00:52:19their lives they don't accept the view
- 00:52:22of President Bush and Prime Minister
- 00:52:24Blair that there's no other way
- 00:52:26in Britain the fact that only 25% of the
- 00:52:29electorate voted for the Blair
- 00:52:31government is part of this great unease
- 00:52:34why people ask should we accept the
- 00:52:37system of winners and losers a system
- 00:52:40that puts a dollar sign on every public
- 00:52:42service and almost every human value why
- 00:52:45not abolish the World Bank and the IMF
- 00:52:48and the World Trade Organization and
- 00:52:50replaced them with genuine Trade and
- 00:52:53Development institutions that are
- 00:52:55democratically accountable and why not
- 00:52:58cancel a debt that condemns nations like
- 00:53:01Indonesia to poverty and disease these
- 00:53:05are dangerous times the one superpower
- 00:53:08left in the world has made its ambitions
- 00:53:10clear this is a document of the United
- 00:53:13States Space Command it says the
- 00:53:17globalization of the world economy will
- 00:53:19continue with a widening between haves
- 00:53:21and have-nots it says only military
- 00:53:24dominance will protect America's
- 00:53:27commercial interests why should we
- 00:53:30accept this why should our children have
- 00:53:33to face these divisions and dangers none
- 00:53:36of them is god-given all of them can be
- 00:53:39changed
- globalization
- Indonesia
- inequality
- sweatshops
- multinational corporations
- economic exploitation
- IMF
- World Bank
- poverty
- human rights