Holderness Coast Case Study - AQA A-Level Geography

00:11:02
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pcgIPe3qZtE

الملخص

TLDRLa presentación aborda la costa de Hardess, destacando su geología, características de erosión y los impactos de la actividad humana. Se menciona la erosión costera, con un promedio de 1.8 m por año, y se discuten las soluciones implementadas, como la construcción de muros de contención y groins. También se analizan los riesgos asociados al cambio climático y la importancia de la biodiversidad en la región. Se presentan ejemplos específicos, como Spurn Point y Mapleton, y se enfatiza la necesidad de estrategias sostenibles para proteger la costa y las comunidades locales.

الوجبات الجاهزة

  • 🌊 La costa de Hardess enfrenta una erosión significativa.
  • 🏠 Más de 200 hogares están en riesgo por la erosión costera.
  • 🛠️ Se han implementado soluciones como muros de contención y groins.
  • 📈 El cambio climático está exacerbando los problemas de erosión.
  • 🌿 La biodiversidad es crucial para el ecosistema local.
  • 🏖️ Spurn Point es un espigón en riesgo por tormentas.
  • 🏘️ La comunidad local enfrenta desafíos por la pérdida de propiedades.
  • 💰 Se han invertido millones en proteger la costa.
  • ⚠️ La interferencia humana puede agravar la erosión.
  • 🌍 Se necesitan estrategias sostenibles para la gestión costera.

الجدول الزمني

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    En la presentación se aborda la costa de Hardess, un estudio de caso local en geografía, centrándose en la erosión costera y la geología de Flamboro Head. Se menciona que la costa se erosiona a un ritmo promedio de 1.8 metros al año, con la arcilla blanda siendo fácilmente removida por las olas. Se discuten las consecuencias de la erosión, como la pérdida de propiedades y la necesidad de soluciones sostenibles para mitigar el impacto del aumento del nivel del mar y la contaminación.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:11:02

    Se presentan las intervenciones humanas en la costa, como la construcción de espigones y muros de contención, que han tenido efectos adversos en la erosión. A pesar de los esfuerzos por proteger la costa, como la reconfiguración de acantilados y la alimentación de playas, los resultados han sido limitados. Se destaca la importancia de considerar el valor de las propiedades al implementar soluciones costosas, así como los desafíos que enfrentan las comunidades locales debido a la erosión y el cambio climático.

الخريطة الذهنية

فيديو أسئلة وأجوبة

  • ¿Qué es la costa de Hardess?

    Es una costa local en el Reino Unido que presenta características de erosión y sedimentación.

  • ¿Cuáles son los principales problemas de erosión en la costa de Hardess?

    La costa se está erosionando a un ritmo promedio de 1.8 m por año, con más de 200 hogares en riesgo de ser perdidos en los próximos 20 años.

  • ¿Qué soluciones se han propuesto para la erosión costera?

    Se han propuesto soluciones como la gestión de la retirada, la construcción de groins y el uso de muros de contención.

  • ¿Qué impacto tiene el cambio climático en la costa de Hardess?

    El aumento del nivel del mar y el cambio climático están exacerbando la erosión y el riesgo de inundaciones.

  • ¿Qué es Spurn Point?

    Es un espigón formado por la acumulación de sedimentos, que está en riesgo debido a las tormentas y la erosión.

  • ¿Cómo afecta la actividad humana a la costa de Hardess?

    La interferencia humana, como la construcción de parques de caravanas, puede agravar la erosión y afectar los procesos naturales.

  • ¿Qué se ha hecho para proteger las propiedades en la costa de Hardess?

    Se han construido muros de contención y se han implementado esquemas de gestión de la costa.

  • ¿Cuál es la importancia de la biodiversidad en la costa de Hardess?

    Las áreas húmedas y los ecosistemas formados son cruciales para la fauna y la biodiversidad local.

  • ¿Qué desafíos enfrenta la comunidad local debido a la erosión costera?

    La pérdida de propiedades y el acceso a la playa son preocupaciones significativas para la comunidad.

  • ¿Qué se ha hecho en Mapleton para abordar la erosión?

    Se introdujeron groins y se reconfiguraron los acantilados para reducir el deslizamiento.

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الترجمات
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التمرير التلقائي:
  • 00:00:00
    so um today I'm going to be presenting
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    the hardess coast which is a local Coast
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    case City and AQA a level
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    geography um in the hazards topic and
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    also sorry if I sound extremely tired
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    because I
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    am okay so uh in the specification it
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    specifically says they need to know a
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    key study of a local environment a local
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    scale uh to illustrate all of these
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    things
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    so this is one that you are expected to
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    know so the geology at flamboro head so
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    there's more resistant
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    chalk
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    here uh and shows examples of Headland
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    erosion features such as caves archers
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    stacks and wave cut platforms uh they're
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    soft at Boulder clay along most of the
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    hardess coast EG at mlon
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    so on the curved end there's lots of
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    material that is eroded gets carried
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    away down the coast by long sh drift to
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    create the spit called spurn point or
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    sper
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    head so the loral drift at the honess
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    coast uh so the Hess Coast is retreating
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    at an average of 1.8 m every year um at
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    Cliff the fine clay at Mapleton or the
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    Border clay is easily removed by waves
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    and carried by the to drift there are
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    half a million tons of sediment that is
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    carried down Southward each year in
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    suspension there's little material left
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    to form beaches and protect Cliffs from
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    winter storms and High
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    Tides um and the rib currents exacerbate
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    the rates of Cliff
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    erosion so building groins in one
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    location encourages Beach deposition in
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    one location but may lead to erosion in
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    another for example in the holiday
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    Resort in Mapleton they want to protect
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    their beaches from
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    erosion so some problems at the horest
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    coast 2,300 kilm of the 17,000 kilomet
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    of the Hornet Coast has been defended
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    against the sea but a quarter of the
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    coastline has still been
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    eroded um in December of
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    2014 the department of environment flood
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    and Rural Affairs or defra reported that
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    more than 200 homes are at risk of being
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    lost to Coastal erosion in next 20 years
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    nearly 7,000 properties worth more than
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    a billion
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    dollars will be allowed to fund his see
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    in this Century if nothing is
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    done so you talk specifically about some
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    areas uh the Humber
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    S3
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    um helped winds Tides River
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    processes to develop ecosystems of Junes
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    mod flats and salt
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    marshes um so in terms of flooding there
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    is a predicted rise in sea level that
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    threatens half a million people who live
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    less than 2 m above current sea level a
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    decreasing amount of supply for the
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    holess cell and humble catchment are
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    reducing formations of the new land or
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    land forms uh Sustainable Solutions for
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    example manage Retreat near sunk Island
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    and selective breaching of salt marshes
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    embankments will be needed to reverse
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    recent increases in erosion
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    salinity I think that's how you say it
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    and
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    pollution so hats burn head or sper
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    Point uh settlement bought here by
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    little drift are deposited where the
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    winds waves River EST have been created
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    a large but fragile
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    uh recurved spit many sandunes and salt
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    mashes are formed there um which develop
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    Wetland
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    areas which are positive for Birds the
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    environment and
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    biodiversity uh it is 6 km long and it
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    is growing at
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    approximately 10 cm a year uh winter
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    storms have threatened to cut through
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    the spit head and destroyed and have
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    destroyed groins and rements
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    before I think that's how I say it or re
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    rment I don't
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    know um
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    so managed
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    Retreat
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    uh which just means that it was
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    abandoned in
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    1995 There's no practical
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    solution um but there began to be some
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    concerns of loss of
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    community um in in
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    1894 groins and rment were used to
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    stabilize the spit when military force
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    established St sper point and took over
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    the task of maintaining Coastal defenses
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    in 1950s though the military left and
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    was taken up by the naturalist Trust
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    though they were unable to afford
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    repairs so the defenses were left for
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    disrepair when light when the largest
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    title surge in 60 years hits bur point
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    in
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    2013 uh the
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    defenses that were constructed by the
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    military uh couldn't cope and buildings
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    were destroyed and access to Road swept
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    away so some human factors that are
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    affecting the Hess Coast uh
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    I mean overall you have the presence of
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    people which is basically a definition
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    of a
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    hazard um where it's a threat to people
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    in
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    properties
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    um for example the Caravan parks there
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    um humans are interfering with the
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    natural processes such as literal
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    drift um unsuitable defense strategies
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    can have adverse effects for example the
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    groins at
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    Mapleton uh global warming and
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    short-term changes in
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    climate um are an indirect human impact
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    rising sea levels and increasing
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    storess areas such as spurn head and
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    Shoreline of the Humber EST are at Great
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    risk in such conditions from coastal
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    flooding and
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    erosion so at Mapleton there was a new
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    scheme um introduced in 1991 that cost
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    2.1
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    million which included two Rock groins
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    Rock
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    rment um to prevent erosion from Cliffs
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    so here are the two groins oh
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    wait here and
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    here and these are the
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    rements uh the cliffs were regraded to
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    reduce slumping um some nourishment of
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    the beach to encourage
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    deposition
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    1,786 of the
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    village oh wait uh so in
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    1986 The Village was 3.5 km from the sea
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    and by 1988 the sea was on the people's
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    doorsteps uh the access to the beach was
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    impossible and houses at Cliff Road were
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    falling into the sea um in
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    2002 The
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    regraded Cliffs were showing early signs
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    of slumping the second groin was being
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    undermined uh and The Cliff face below
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    the car park had begun to erode very
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    rapid rates of
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    erosion uh the introduced scheme wasn't
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    very
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    successful at within SE
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    uh seaw walls were constructed because
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    of the threats to Holiday businesses and
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    jobs large scale redesign of wars and
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    use of rip wrap or Rock armor and Beach
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    nourishment 6.3 million
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    used uh is only worth if the cost worth
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    the cost if the house value doesn't go
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    down so like as you can see in the back
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    here there are some houses and basically
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    that's saying that the 6.3 million pound
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    used to protect this area will only be
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    worth it if the value of the houses
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    don't go down which obviously because
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    they are by the beach the price of the
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    houses are going to be pretty
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    expensive uh
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    so the advantages of the seaw wall is
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    that it will hold the line calming local
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    residents
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    concerns but the cost limited the length
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    of the seaw wall and reduced access to
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    the beach a problem and there was a
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    problem with the wave
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    noise uh so that was all here are some
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    past exam
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    [Music]
  • 00:10:17
    questions uh figure six is on the next
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    page to answer the 20 marker you need to
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    know another case study or it says one
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    or more but I'm going to be doing one
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    about adisha in a
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    minute here is the figure six which
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    actually talks
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    about um the Humber S3 and shows the
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    spit here are some more 20
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    markers here specifically a mention on
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    the bottom uh the local
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    scale and that's all thank you
الوسوم
  • costa de Hardess
  • erosión costera
  • geología
  • Spurn Point
  • gestión costera
  • biodiversidad
  • cambio climático
  • Mapleton
  • soluciones sostenibles
  • comunidad local