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hi welcome to
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i educator this is teacher jeff
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i'm an educator and an engineer by
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profession
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and today we will discuss chapter two
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and chapter 2 is all about anatomy
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posture and body mechanics
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now in this chapter there are six key
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areas that i want to highlight today
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first is the introduction to ergonomics
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second the muscle structure and
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functions third functions of the
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skeletal
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and muscular systems fourth
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stability and support fifth
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stress and posture and finally
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we have lifting now according to
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hd denison 1935
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pasture is an active process and
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is the result of a great number of
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reflexes
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many of which have its sony character
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now it is easy to overlook the fact
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that the human body is a mechanical
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system
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that obeys physical laws many of our
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postural and balance control mechanisms
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essential for even the most basic
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activities
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operate outside of conscious awareness
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only when these mechanisms break down
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are we reminded of our physical
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limitations
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an understanding of these limitations
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is fundamental to practically
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all applications of ergonomics
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now what is meant by anatomy
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anatomy comes from the greek words anna
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which means up and so me which means
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a cutting therefore etymologically
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speaking
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anatomy means the cutting up of a body
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or simply dissection it is
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the art of dissecting or artificially
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separating the different parts of any
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organized body to discover their
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situation
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structure and economy
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now there are two types of anatomy
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the first is macroscopy
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and the second is microscopic
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anatomy when we say macroscopic
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anatomy this is the study of
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large body structures it is
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composed of three types first we have
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the original
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second we have systemic or systematic
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and third we have surface anatomy
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when there is a regional anatomy this
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refers
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to all structures in one particular
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region when this is systematic
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anatomy it refers to system
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by system and lastly when this is
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surface
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anatomy it is the study of internal
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body structures on the other hand
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if we see microscopic anatomy
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this is the study of very small
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structures
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that cannot be seen on the naked
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eye or with the naked eye microscopic
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anatomy is composed
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of two types first is cytology and
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second
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is histology now as you can see on the
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sample pictures
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the difference between the two is that
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if we say
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cytology it is the study of
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body cells on the other hand histology
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is the study of
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body tissues now physical ergonomics
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is concerned with human anatomy
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and human anatomy involves anthropometry
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and biomechanics as they relate to
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physical activities
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if we see anthropometry this is the
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measurements
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of the human body and when we see
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biomechanics
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this is the signs of movement
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of a living body including how muscles
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bones tendons and ligaments
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work together to produce movement
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now the basic anthropometric variables
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include forward reach
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it also include includes stature
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eye height elbow height
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we have knee height forearm hand length
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hand length and breath and we also have
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foot length and breath now the human
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body is
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a mechanical system which obeys
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physical loss design to perform
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a variety of functions in
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daily life the skeleton plays
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an integral role in the body as well
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all other parts are attached directly
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or indirectly and there are two types or
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three parts rather of skeleton
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first we have the actual and second is
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the
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appendicular now before discussing into
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that
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let's discuss first the first bullet
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which is
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the human body is a mechanical system
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now what do we mean by this it means
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that the human body
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is a biological machine made of body
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systems
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or group of organs that worked together
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to produce and sustain life
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and when we say the skeleton plays an
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integral role
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in the body you need to take note that
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skeletal system
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is composed of bones and cartilages
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and there are two types of skeleton as
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mentioned earlier
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we have the actual and we have
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appendicular
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the difference between the two is that
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when we say actual
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it consists of the bones of the head
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and trunk and when we say appendicular
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it consists of the bones within the
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limbs
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as well as supporting pectoral and
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pelvic
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girdles now take note that there are 206
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bones in an adult human body
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and the place at which two bones are
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fitted
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together is called the joint or
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the articulation joints are supported by
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cartilages and reinforced with
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ligaments now the functions of skeletal
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system
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are mechanical support movement
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protection blood cell production
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calcium storage endocrine regulation
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and this being said what is then the
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function of
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an ergonomist now the function of an
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ergonomist
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is to use the principles of anatomy
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and biomechanics to design the working
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environment in order to minimize
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induced stress preserve health and
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improve performance now in the earliest
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part
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of the presentation we discussed that
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anatomy
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is associated with two disciplines
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especially in terms of ergonomics
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and these disciplines are anthropometry
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and biomechanics
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and we learn that anthropometry is the
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measurement
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of the human body at this point
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we will try to dive deeper about what
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biomechanics is and what the two major
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parts of biomechanics
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are if we say biomechanics it is the
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signs
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of movement of a living body including
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how
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muscles bones tendons and ligaments
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work together to produce movement
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biomechanics is divided into two
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major parts first we have kinematics
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and second we have kinetics when there
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is a kinematics
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it describes the motion of a body
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without reference to the forces causing
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it
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it also examines how when
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and where a body moves movement
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may be linear angular or a combination
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of
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both or what we call general
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on the other hand if we say kinetics
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it examines the causes of motion
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the internal and external forces that
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cause
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motion or cause a body to remain at rest
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and the interactions between these
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forces
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and there are two branches of kinetics
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first we have statics and second
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we have dynamics
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as mentioned earlier there are
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[Music]
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three different types of kinematics we
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have
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linear angular and general
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now the difference between the three is
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that
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when using linear kinematic this is the
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movement
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of a body in a straight line
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or along a straight pathway
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and releasing angular this is when
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a body or part of a body moves
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in a circle or part of a circle about a
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point
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and when we say general this is a
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combination
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of linear and angular motion
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and next we have kinetics like
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mentioned earlier kinetics is divided
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into
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two types we have statics and we also
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have
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dynamics and the difference between the
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two
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is that when this is statics it refers
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to a situation where the body or object
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remains at rest or is moving at a
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constant speed
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in a state of equilibrium equilibrium
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is a balanced state in which there is no
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acceleration on the other hand dynamics
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deals with the changes in motion
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brought on by the unbalanced forces
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now the second key area that i'm gonna
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be discussing today
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that would be muscle structure and
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function
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okay when we say muscle structure and
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function
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take note that muscles make up to 45
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of the total body weight human body
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consists of more than
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600 muscles and there are
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also three classifications of muscles
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we have skeletal muscles we have cardiac
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muscles
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and we also have smooth muscles
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whether it is skeletal muscles these are
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connected to the bones
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and provide the forces and movement
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needed to carry out
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external tasks on the other hand
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we have cardiac muscle
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cardiac muscles are integral parts of
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the heart
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and help it to pump out the blood for
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circulation and the last classification
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of muscle
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is called smooth muscles smooth muscles
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are connected
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to internal organs such as stomach
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intestines blood vessels etc
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and the next key area that i'm gonna be
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discussing to you today that would be
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functions of skeletal and muscular
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system now there are four major
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functions of skeletal
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system these are support
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protection movements and homo prices
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when we say support the most apparent
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functions of the skeletal system are the
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growth
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functions those visible by
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observations simply by looking at a
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person
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you can actually see how the bones
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support
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facilitate movement and protect the
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human body
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just as the steel beams of a building
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provide a scaffold to support its weight
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the bones and the cartilage of your
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skeletal system
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compose the scaffold that supports
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the rest of your body without the
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skeletal system
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you would be a limb mass of organs
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muscles and skin now
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the other function of skeletal system is
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called
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protection bones also protect
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internal organs from injury
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by covering or surrounding them for
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example
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your rims protect your lungs and heart
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the bones of your vertebral column or
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spine
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protect your spinal cord and the bones
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of your cranium is called
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protect your brain okay
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another function that we have is
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movement
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function bones also facilitate
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movement by serving as points of
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attachment for your muscles
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while some bones only serve as a support
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for the muscles
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others also transmit the forces produced
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when your muscles
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contract from a mechanical point of view
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bones act as levers and joints serve as
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fulcrums unless a muscle spans a joint
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or contracts
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a bone is not going to move
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and the last function of skeletal system
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is called homophosis the process of
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homopoisons takes place
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in the red bone marrow which is a soft
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network of reticular connective tissue
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that borders on white blood capillaries
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called sinocytes here certain bones
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produce
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red blood cells in their mario
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on the other hand we have muscular
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system
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remember that our muscles play a vital
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part
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in every function of the body the now
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the muscular system is made up of
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600 muscles and these include
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three muscle types we have smooth
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skeletal and cardiac
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and the first function of muscular
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system is
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mobility it produces movement of
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the body or body parts when using
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mobility
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your skeletal muscles are responsible
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for
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the movements you make skeletal muscles
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are
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attached to your bones and partly
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controlled by the central
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nervous system your skeletal muscles
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also control posture which happens to be
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the second function of your muscular
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system
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take note that flexibility and strength
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are keys to maintaining proper posture
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stiff neck muscles weak back muscles
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or side hip muscles can throw off
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your alignment poor posture can affect
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parts of your body and lead to joint
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pain and weaker muscles these parts
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include your shoulders
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your spines your hips and
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your knees and the last function of
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muscular system
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is heat production muscle cell
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produce heat as a byproduct
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and are important mechanisms for
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maintaining body temperature
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okay so these are the functions of your
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skeletal
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and muscular systems and just a brief
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recap
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your skeletal system has four functions
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you have support protection movement
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and homo process and on the other hand
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your muscular system is composed of
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three
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functions you have
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movement posture and heat
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production okay this is an example
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of your skeletal system and this is
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also your muscular system
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okay the next key area that i'm gonna be
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highlighting today
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that would be stability and support
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now we cannot deny the fact that people
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spend one third of their professional
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lives
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sitting on their word chairs anyone who
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performs
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shellus or repetitive tasks in the
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workplace
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needs a chair that will provide them
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with proper
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support now the chairs that we should be
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using can be adapted to any working
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situation
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and provide excellent stability and
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support
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yet they should not restrict freedom
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of movement now when we say stability
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and support
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a stable posture can be maintained
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only if the various body parts
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are supported and maintained in an
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appropriate relation to the base of
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support such as the feet or the squat
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of the feet now what do we mean by this
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take note the postural stability
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is also known as good balance
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and remember the postural stability is
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the ability
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to maintain an upright position
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without postural stability or good
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balance
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we make ourselves prone to false
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and potential injuries postural
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stability
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comes in two forms we have static
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postural stability and second we have
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dynamic postural stability the
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difference between the two
00:19:04
is that static postural stability is
00:19:07
when you are standing
00:19:09
and not moving on the other hand
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dynamic postural stability is when you
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are
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moving or doing specific movements
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though you may not realize it and pretty
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sure you are
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doing or the other right now even when
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you are sitting down
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watching this video you are doing some
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form of
00:19:32
postural stability on the other hand
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the size of the base of support
00:19:39
determines the stability and posture
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now if we say base of support or bos
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it refers to the area beneath
00:19:50
an object or a person that includes
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every point of contact that the object
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or person
00:19:58
makes with a supporting surface these
00:20:01
points of contact may be the body parts
00:20:04
for example
00:20:06
the feet or in the hands or they may
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include
00:20:09
things like crutches or the chair
00:20:12
a person is sitting in now the base of
00:20:15
support is an important
00:20:17
concept to an individual's
00:20:20
ability to balance as balance
00:20:24
is defined as the ability to maintain
00:20:27
the line of gravity within the base of
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support and also it is
00:20:34
important to provide sufficient space
00:20:38
around standing operators and plenty of
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room
00:20:42
for the feet to avoid losses of
00:20:45
balance okay so the next
00:20:49
um we have some aspects of muscle
00:20:52
functions and the first aspect of muscle
00:20:55
function
00:20:56
the function of skeletal muscle is to
00:20:59
exert
00:21:00
tension between the body points
00:21:03
to which they are attached now what do
00:21:06
we mean by this
00:21:07
we need to take note that these body
00:21:10
points
00:21:11
refer to your tendons where our muscles
00:21:14
are attached
00:21:16
to and these tendons maintain our muscle
00:21:20
under constant level of stretch called
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the resting
00:21:24
length also tension is exerted
00:21:29
when a muscle changes from its resting
00:21:32
to its active state in response to
00:21:36
impulses
00:21:37
from the central nervous system
00:21:40
this means that if we tend to move our
00:21:43
muscles
00:21:44
from static state or stationary
00:21:47
to dynamic state or moving it is
00:21:50
then that tension is being exerted
00:21:54
because our muscles are just responding
00:21:58
to the impulses from the central
00:22:01
nervous system and the last aspect of
00:22:04
muscle function
00:22:05
we have muscle contraction
00:22:09
the physiological active state of the
00:22:11
muscle
00:22:12
rather than its physiological shortening
00:22:16
now what we mean about this is that
00:22:19
muscle contraction
00:22:20
is the activation of tension generating
00:22:24
sites within muscle fibers in physiology
00:22:28
muscle contraction does not necessarily
00:22:31
mean
00:22:32
muscle shortening because
00:22:35
it can be produced without changes in
00:22:38
muscle length
00:22:39
such as when holding a heavy book or
00:22:43
a dumbbell at the same position
00:22:46
and aside from that the termination of
00:22:48
muscle contraction
00:22:50
is followed by muscle relaxation
00:22:53
which is a return of the muscle fibers
00:22:56
to their low tension generating state
00:23:00
now there are two types of muscle
00:23:02
contraction
00:23:04
we have the static or isometric
00:23:07
contraction
00:23:08
and the second is dynamic or
00:23:11
isotonic contraction take note that
00:23:15
muscle contractions can be described
00:23:18
based on two variables first we have the
00:23:21
length
00:23:22
and second we have tension now
00:23:25
a muscle contraction is described as
00:23:28
static or isometric
00:23:30
if the muscle tension changes but
00:23:34
the muscle length remains the same again
00:23:37
i would like to reiterate a muscle
00:23:40
contraction
00:23:41
is described as static or isometric
00:23:45
if and only if the muscle tensions
00:23:48
changes but the muscle length remains
00:23:52
the same as you can see in the sample
00:23:55
image
00:23:56
the muscle contracts but does not change
00:23:59
length so technically speaking there is
00:24:03
no
00:24:04
movement in contrary a muscle
00:24:07
contraction
00:24:08
is described as dynamic or isotonic
00:24:12
if muscle tension remains the same
00:24:15
throughout the contraction
00:24:19
now if the muscle length shortens
00:24:22
then the contraction is called
00:24:25
concentric
00:24:26
on the other hand if the muscle length
00:24:29
lengthens then the contraction is called
00:24:33
e-centric now as you can see on the
00:24:35
sample
00:24:36
image presented this is an example
00:24:39
of dynamic or isotonic contraction
00:24:44
for the bicep side it is an example of
00:24:46
isotonic
00:24:48
concentric contraction concentric
00:24:51
because as you can notice the muscle
00:24:54
length
00:24:55
shortens okay and next
00:24:58
key area that we're gonna be discussing
00:25:01
right now
00:25:02
that would be stress or posture
00:25:05
now we all know that stress is a feeling
00:25:09
of emotional or physical tension
00:25:12
right it can come from any event
00:25:16
or thought that makes us feel nervous
00:25:19
angry or even frustrated in short
00:25:23
this is our body's reaction to a
00:25:26
challenge
00:25:27
or demand when we say postural stress
00:25:31
it refers to the mechanical load
00:25:34
on body by virtue of its posture
00:25:38
or the average orientation of the body
00:25:41
parts
00:25:42
with respect to each other over time
00:25:45
in other words it refers to bodily
00:25:48
stress
00:25:49
as a result of poor posture repetitive
00:25:53
movements
00:25:54
or prolonged time in the same positions
00:25:58
now as you can see on the sample figure
00:26:01
the man is having a slumps posture
00:26:04
he is slumping downward which can
00:26:06
contribute
00:26:07
to stable syndrome
00:26:10
now there these are another examples of
00:26:14
postural stress okay as you can see
00:26:18
each of them is in different
00:26:20
workstations
00:26:22
and as you can notice each of them is
00:26:25
clearly
00:26:25
uncomfortable with a workstation
00:26:28
resulting to poor
00:26:29
and inefficient posture
00:26:32
this usually happens whenever the chairs
00:26:35
and tables
00:26:36
we are using are not ergonomically
00:26:39
designed
00:26:41
on the other hand if we say task induced
00:26:44
stress
00:26:45
it refers to the results
00:26:49
from the performance of the task itself
00:26:52
for example
00:26:54
repetitive movement of wrist or
00:26:57
fingers now we cannot deny the fact that
00:27:00
there are
00:27:00
certain jobs that are really demanding
00:27:03
and jobs like these can contribute to
00:27:06
employees stress
00:27:08
and so for this matter coping is an
00:27:11
important
00:27:12
aspect of the operator's stress
00:27:15
in fact operators use a variety of
00:27:18
techniques
00:27:19
in dealing with potentially stressful
00:27:22
task demand
00:27:24
as you can see on the sample pictures
00:27:26
presented
00:27:29
these are examples of task induced
00:27:31
stress
00:27:32
as these drugs show repetitive movement
00:27:36
of wrists or fingers all right so these
00:27:39
are
00:27:40
the difference between pastoral stress
00:27:43
and task induced stress and so for this
00:27:47
matter
00:27:48
if we say posture it is defined
00:27:51
as the orientation of the body
00:27:54
and its part in relation to each
00:27:58
other it has also considerable
00:28:01
influence on a person's ability to exert
00:28:05
force and lastly it affects the length
00:28:09
tension relationship now examples
00:28:13
of posture as you can see in the sample
00:28:16
figures it is poor posture
00:28:19
if you have forward hands flat back
00:28:23
sway back rounded shoulders
00:28:26
and weak abdominal muscles therefore
00:28:30
having a good posture means having a
00:28:33
balanced
00:28:35
upright posture
00:28:38
and next we have strength and strength
00:28:41
is divided
00:28:42
into two types we have static or
00:28:45
isometric strength and second we have
00:28:49
dynamic or isotonic strength now if we
00:28:52
say static strength
00:28:54
this refers to the maximum study force
00:28:57
or
00:28:58
torque which an individual can exert
00:29:01
in static exertion of short duration
00:29:05
which is three to five seconds
00:29:08
this is also known as the maximum
00:29:11
voluntary
00:29:12
contraction or mvc
00:29:15
in short this is a contraction of
00:29:18
a particular muscle for an extended
00:29:22
period of time simply put a static
00:29:25
strength
00:29:26
is one that involves muscle engagement
00:29:29
without movement okay
00:29:32
the static strength the following are
00:29:35
the factors
00:29:36
that influence strength or
00:29:39
the influence static strength and the
00:29:42
first
00:29:43
factor which influences
00:29:46
static strength is what we call the age
00:29:50
now how come age is considered
00:29:53
as one of the factors that influences
00:29:56
strength now age is one of the factors
00:29:59
that
00:30:00
influences static strength because
00:30:03
strength decreases with age
00:30:07
next we have sex or gender
00:30:10
sex or gender influences static strength
00:30:14
in a way that females on average
00:30:17
have less muscular strength compared to
00:30:21
males
00:30:22
also training influences strength
00:30:26
since training can improve muscular
00:30:29
strength
00:30:30
motivation on the other hand is one
00:30:33
factor
00:30:34
which influences strength since under
00:30:37
highly
00:30:38
motivated condition a person can
00:30:41
improve strength and finally
00:30:44
medical condition influences strength
00:30:47
since illness time of the day
00:30:51
sleep deprivation and nutrition
00:30:54
can diminish your strength alright so
00:30:58
these
00:30:58
are the factors that influence
00:31:01
static strength on the other hand we
00:31:04
have
00:31:05
dynamic strength and when we say dynamic
00:31:08
strength
00:31:09
and like static strength it is difficult
00:31:12
to define
00:31:13
due to the following factors absolute
00:31:16
acceleration velocity
00:31:20
impulse movement jerk effects on force
00:31:24
exerted by a muscle and muscle length
00:31:27
changes with joint motion
00:31:31
strength can be measured under two
00:31:34
conditions
00:31:35
first we have constant velocity or iso
00:31:39
velocity
00:31:40
using isokinetic devices just like
00:31:43
as you can see on the sample image and
00:31:46
the second
00:31:47
way to measure dynamic strength though
00:31:50
would be through
00:31:51
constant force or isotonic where force
00:31:54
is
00:31:55
kept constant okay that ends
00:31:58
our discussion for the posture
00:32:03
key area okay the next key area that i'm
00:32:06
gonna be highlighting to you today
00:32:09
that would be lifting
00:32:12
and this is the final and the last key
00:32:15
area
00:32:16
for today's lesson now lifting heavy
00:32:19
items
00:32:20
is one of the leading causes of injury
00:32:24
in the workplace now in 2001
00:32:28
the bureau of labor statistics in united
00:32:31
states
00:32:32
reported that over 36 percent
00:32:36
again over 36 of
00:32:39
injuries involving missed workdays
00:32:43
where the result of shoulder and back
00:32:46
injuries the biggest factors of these
00:32:50
injuries are over exertion and
00:32:53
cumulative trauma when employees
00:32:56
use smart lifting practices
00:33:00
and work in their power zone they are
00:33:02
less likely to suffer
00:33:04
back sprains muscle pulls wrist
00:33:07
injuries elbow injuries
00:33:10
spinal injuries and other injuries
00:33:14
caused by lifting heavy objects now
00:33:17
let's
00:33:18
go ahead and take a look at our lifting
00:33:22
principles
00:33:23
now as you can see on the slides there
00:33:26
are four stages
00:33:27
in lifting first we have preparation
00:33:31
second we have lifting third we have
00:33:34
carrying and lastly we have
00:33:38
setting down now when we say uh
00:33:41
lifting when we say preparation rather
00:33:44
this is the first stage in lifting and
00:33:47
before lifting or carrying you should
00:33:50
plan out your
00:33:52
lift first you should think about
00:33:55
how heavy or awkward is the load
00:33:58
with this we should ask ourselves
00:34:02
should we use mechanical means like
00:34:05
hand trucks or another person to help us
00:34:09
with this left or is it possible to
00:34:12
break the load
00:34:13
into smaller parts next
00:34:17
we should also think about where we are
00:34:20
going with the load and so we ask
00:34:23
ourselves
00:34:24
is the path clear of obstructions
00:34:28
slippery areas overhangs
00:34:31
stairs and other and even services
00:34:35
are there closed doors that need to be
00:34:38
opened and lastly we should also
00:34:41
think about if there are adequate
00:34:44
handholds on the loan and so for this
00:34:47
matter
00:34:48
we should be asking ourselves do we need
00:34:51
gloves
00:34:52
or other personal protective equipment
00:34:57
can we place the load in a container
00:34:59
with better handholds
00:35:01
or should another person help us with
00:35:04
the loan
00:35:05
okay this is all preparation
00:35:09
after having prepared
00:35:13
the next stage that would be lifting
00:35:17
before lifting the material or the load
00:35:20
itself
00:35:21
we need to get as close to the load as
00:35:24
possible
00:35:25
we need to keep our elbows and arms
00:35:28
close to our
00:35:29
body also we need to keep our back shape
00:35:33
during the lift by tightening the
00:35:35
stomach muscles
00:35:37
bending at the knees keeping the load
00:35:40
close
00:35:41
and centered in front of us and looking
00:35:45
up and ahead we should get a good
00:35:47
handhold
00:35:48
and do not twist while lifting we should
00:35:51
not jerk
00:35:52
and instead we should use a smooth
00:35:55
motion
00:35:55
while lifting and lastly if the load is
00:35:59
too heavy to allow this
00:36:01
we should find someone else or we should
00:36:03
find
00:36:04
someone maybe a co-worker or a
00:36:07
co-employee
00:36:08
to help us with the lift so after
00:36:11
preparing
00:36:13
after lifting now it's time for you to
00:36:16
carry the material or load
00:36:19
and this is going to be the third stage
00:36:22
of
00:36:23
lifting and it is called carrying in
00:36:26
carrying the material or load
00:36:28
we have some important pointers
00:36:32
to remember first
00:36:35
do not twist or turn the body
00:36:38
instead move your feet to turn
00:36:41
and second your hips shoulders
00:36:45
toes and knees should stay facing the
00:36:49
same
00:36:50
direction and next
00:36:53
keep the load as close to your body as
00:36:56
possible
00:36:57
with your elbows close to your side
00:37:00
and lastly if you feel fatigued
00:37:04
you need to set the load down and rest
00:37:07
for a few minutes
00:37:09
do not let yourself get so fatigued that
00:37:12
you cannot perform
00:37:13
proper setting down and lifting
00:37:16
technique
00:37:16
for your rest okay and the last stage
00:37:21
in lifting we have what we call
00:37:24
setting down in setting down we need to
00:37:27
set
00:37:28
the load in the same way we picked it up
00:37:31
but in the reverse order when we say
00:37:34
reverse order
00:37:35
the first thing you need to do is to
00:37:37
bend at the knees
00:37:39
not the hips keep your head up
00:37:42
your stomach muscles tight and do not
00:37:46
twist your body
00:37:47
keep the load as close to the body as
00:37:49
possible and finally
00:37:51
wait until the load is secure to release
00:37:54
your
00:37:55
handhold and we also have
00:37:59
important things to remember in lifting
00:38:03
first use mechanical means
00:38:06
when using mechanical means these are
00:38:09
hand tracks
00:38:10
push cards etc when possible
00:38:13
for every heavier or awkward loads
00:38:17
remember to obtain training and
00:38:20
authorization first before using a
00:38:24
forklift okay the second thing to
00:38:27
remember
00:38:28
it is easier and safer to push
00:38:32
than pull okay just like as you can see
00:38:35
on the sample pictures next
00:38:39
we need to keep loads as close to the
00:38:42
body as possible
00:38:43
and we should not be twisting while
00:38:46
lifting
00:38:47
carrying or setting down a load nose
00:38:51
shoulders hips and toes should all be
00:38:54
facing the same
00:38:55
direction just like as you can see on
00:38:58
the sample
00:38:59
pictures again the wrong way of doing
00:39:02
this
00:39:02
would be uh twisting your body okay that
00:39:05
should not be the proper way
00:39:08
and the next thing to remember minimize
00:39:12
reaching next we have as a general rule
00:39:16
bend at the knees not on the hips so
00:39:19
the red one the red ones are the wrong
00:39:23
way
00:39:23
of lifting and the green ones are the
00:39:26
correct
00:39:27
way of lifting just like as you can see
00:39:30
on
00:39:31
the sample pictures and
00:39:34
next we have get help when needed
00:39:37
we should not lift or carry things
00:39:40
you don't feel comfortable with no
00:39:42
matter how light
00:39:44
the load okay we should always ask for
00:39:47
help to our colleagues co-workers or
00:39:51
co-employees okay next thing to remember
00:39:55
we should plan ahead for all parts of
00:39:58
the lift
00:39:59
lifting carrying and setting down
00:40:03
just like as you can see on the sample
00:40:06
images and next important
00:40:10
thing to remember we need to try to
00:40:12
utilize
00:40:13
proper hand holds while lifting
00:40:16
if an item does not have a good handhold
00:40:20
then we should think of ways to remedy
00:40:22
this such as
00:40:24
placing the item in a container with
00:40:27
good handholds
00:40:28
creating a safe and proper handhold with
00:40:31
an
00:40:32
appropriate tool etc okay
00:40:35
example pictures these are samples
00:40:38
of materials which have handholds
00:40:42
and the next important thing to remember
00:40:46
in lifting we should use personal
00:40:48
protective
00:40:49
equipment or ppe where needed such as
00:40:53
gloves with good grip and sealed
00:40:56
boots where appropriate or you can also
00:40:59
make use
00:41:00
of a helmet or an eye protector
00:41:04
okay or or an eye shield
00:41:07
and next we have implement rest breaks
00:41:11
and job rotation
00:41:13
for frequent and or heavy lifting this
00:41:16
should be
00:41:17
properly implemented by the organization
00:41:21
because
00:41:22
if we do not provide rest breaks or job
00:41:25
relations to our
00:41:26
employee then chances are our employees
00:41:30
will get
00:41:31
demotivated okay so that results to
00:41:35
absenteeism okay next important thing to
00:41:38
remember
00:41:39
we should place items to be lifted
00:41:43
within the power zone the power zone is
00:41:46
close to the body between the mid thigh
00:41:50
and mid chest as you can see on the
00:41:53
picture
00:41:53
so you have there a danger zone
00:41:57
power zone and danger zone so as you can
00:42:00
notice
00:42:01
your power zone is located between the
00:42:04
mid thigh
00:42:05
and your mid chest of the person doing
00:42:08
the lifting
00:42:09
this is actually the area where the arms
00:42:12
and back
00:42:13
can lift the most with the least amount
00:42:16
of
00:42:17
effort all right i think that's a good
00:42:20
place to stop
00:42:21
if you like this video please don't
00:42:23
forget to subscribe
00:42:25
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00:42:28
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