00:00:01
men will stop at nothing I'd rather die
00:00:04
than lose I
00:00:05
think you can't trust women women can
00:00:08
get away with everything I think in life
00:00:11
just by smiling men and women can't get
00:00:14
along I don't feel Craig understands me
00:00:17
hardly at
00:00:19
all are we different
00:00:22
species five men five women I found it
00:00:26
really really difficult men have no
00:00:28
empathy
00:00:30
the world's biggest sex
00:00:33
survey secret
00:00:36
experiments right
00:00:38
swe and in a world first brain changing
00:00:42
drugs it's totally changed my life you
00:00:45
know right mate how you doing prepare to
00:00:48
discover what really separates the sexes
00:00:52
[Music]
00:01:00
hello there we've invited five women and
00:01:03
five men to take part in a series of
00:01:05
unique tests good morning good morning
00:01:07
could you tell me your name please yes
00:01:09
Jamie
00:01:10
henah our test group has been chosen to
00:01:12
represent as broad a range of people as
00:01:15
possible and what's your occupation I'm
00:01:17
a housewife uh investment banker
00:01:20
engineer teaching assistant and how many
00:01:23
sexual partners have you had um three I
00:01:27
can count on both hands h
00:01:30
God I can't answer that um a number less
00:01:33
than my wife I
00:01:35
think the volunteers know they're taking
00:01:38
part in a program about the differences
00:01:40
between men and women we need to take a
00:01:42
saliva sample what they don't know is
00:01:45
that by the end of the program some of
00:01:47
them will have totally changed their
00:01:49
view of who they really
00:01:56
are first they need to complete the
00:01:59
BBC's on online sex survey they'll be
00:02:02
tested on everything from language to
00:02:04
love geometry to Greed on your laptop
00:02:07
computers there a series of programs
00:02:10
that assess a whole range of traits and
00:02:12
abilities what we want to see is how the
00:02:15
brains of men and women
00:02:17
[Music]
00:02:19
differ Professor Richard lier and his
00:02:21
colleagues designed the survey for us
00:02:24
and since it went online nearly half a
00:02:26
million people worldwide have taken part
00:02:30
this is the single largest gender survey
00:02:33
that's ever been
00:02:35
conducted we've never been able to
00:02:38
assess such a variety of people in so
00:02:40
many different
00:02:41
areas what we want to know is how
00:02:44
different are men and women are and how
00:02:47
they measure up to the
00:02:55
nation I'd rather die than lose I think
00:03:00
I'm more interested in engineering than
00:03:02
having in people I'm a fighter I think
00:03:04
that's a masculine quality that I
00:03:06
definitely have I'm a man in a
00:03:08
traditionally female role I like to say
00:03:12
how I feel if that gets me into trouble
00:03:14
so be it but that's me he sees me a bit
00:03:17
like a rock Vier or something and I
00:03:20
always wear something that's quite low
00:03:21
cut and quite you know in my job we deal
00:03:25
with um hundreds of millions of pounds
00:03:28
they're just numbers on screen they're
00:03:29
just
00:03:30
eyes I wouldn't really say I was a girly
00:03:32
girl at
00:03:34
[Music]
00:03:38
all we'll be testing our volunteers
00:03:41
whatever they do even the cab they
00:03:43
arrived in was rigged with hidden
00:03:46
cameras you and driven by an actor
00:03:50
BBC L ofs is
00:03:53
it what's going on they're doing a
00:03:55
science program difference between men
00:03:57
and women the D the way we think
00:04:00
differently yeah yeah as in men do women
00:04:03
don't you
00:04:05
know I love documentaries so much
00:04:09
rubbish on the actor makes sure that all
00:04:11
of our passengers hear the same
00:04:13
conversation well they was saying that
00:04:15
the square mile down here if if it was
00:04:16
an independent country it would be the
00:04:18
20th richest in the world yeah that's
00:04:20
what they was saying
00:04:22
amazing but you think after 29 years of
00:04:25
marriage you know someone pretty well
00:04:27
you will do you not she just run off
00:04:30
another like I'm single I think that's
00:04:33
why I'm on the show I just [ __ ] party
00:04:35
my ass off around the
00:04:36
world I just can't believe I that
00:04:43
stupid but will the men and women
00:04:45
remember different bits of what they've
00:04:49
heard can the next person come in
00:04:53
please psychiatrist Dr Sandra Scott
00:04:56
Springs a surprise interrogation
00:04:59
what kind of a car did you come here in
00:05:01
uh it a silver
00:05:03
Mercedes anything else uh silver leather
00:05:08
seats um GPS system on the
00:05:11
dashboard that it well I notice the
00:05:16
central locking switch a chrome handle
00:05:18
for opening the door of the central
00:05:20
locking did you talk to the cab
00:05:22
driver uh yeah we talked uh about um the
00:05:27
sort of financial center of uh London
00:05:30
yeah they going on about the square mile
00:05:32
which is you might have heard of it just
00:05:34
down here is where all the banks are in
00:05:36
London
00:05:37
yeah they WR that if it was an
00:05:39
independent country it'd be the 20th
00:05:42
richest in the world unbelievable
00:05:47
yeah can you recall three facts or
00:05:50
possibly more of what he told you about
00:05:52
the city of
00:05:54
London um
00:06:01
I can't remember it
00:06:06
um
00:06:07
um
00:06:09
no do you remember him talking about his
00:06:11
marriage yes I do yeah so that was
00:06:14
another topic covered it was yeah the
00:06:17
car was automatic by the way sorry the
00:06:19
car was automatic by the way okay yeah
00:06:22
had a walnut trim so were you actually
00:06:24
listening to him uh yes uh um uh
00:06:28
connecting but rather than
00:06:30
wishing to store information so what did
00:06:34
interest you talking about his marriage
00:06:36
problems he was really quite open which
00:06:37
quite surprised me really cuz men are
00:06:39
quite normally hide their feelings but
00:06:40
he was quite
00:06:41
forthcoming you know he's glad that the
00:06:43
kids are older and they've moved out but
00:06:46
it just means that he's alone now really
00:06:48
and he said if it had been the other way
00:06:50
around um she would have found out
00:06:52
really early on you know woman's
00:06:54
Instinct and all that how did you catch
00:06:56
her out you didn't find her come home
00:06:58
early did you that'd be
00:07:01
awful generally speaking all of the
00:07:03
women had a much better memory for the
00:07:06
emotional facts men were more thing
00:07:09
oriented and women were more people
00:07:15
oriented women like relationships men
00:07:18
like facts but according to Italian
00:07:21
scientists it's not quite so
00:07:24
simple okay guys take a seat make
00:07:27
yourselves comfortable we're just going
00:07:29
to get to watch a few minutes of
00:07:31
TV if the Italians are right you're
00:07:34
about to witness something very
00:07:36
[Music]
00:07:47
revealing a high streak bank has warned
00:07:50
that the number of new buyers has
00:07:52
plunged to its lowest level for 20 years
00:07:55
the problem of when we asked our viewers
00:07:57
what they'd seen and heard we discovered
00:07:59
an extraordinary thing when 24-hour
00:08:02
drinking becomes legal in England and
00:08:04
Wales later this year the men remembered
00:08:07
some of what our male news reader had
00:08:09
said licenses had been applied for six
00:08:12
from London none from other places if
00:08:15
they didn't uh curb it within 8 weeks
00:08:17
they were going to receive a fine
00:08:19
scientists are warning that a recent
00:08:20
outbreak of bird but when they were
00:08:22
watching his female colleague they
00:08:24
appeared to have gone deaf the S
00:08:27
outbreak in 2002
00:08:30
she did two
00:08:32
stories uh she was quite attractive for
00:08:35
a start the girl at a pink CHP with
00:08:37
black trim that's better off
00:08:40
remember and she had nose
00:08:43
presss we found that men are indeed
00:08:46
interested in facts but one thing
00:08:48
they're more interested in is
00:08:52
sex which stands to reason men are after
00:08:55
all much more promiscuous than
00:08:58
women aren't
00:09:00
[Music]
00:09:03
they how many partners have you had
00:09:05
sexual intercourse with in the past 5
00:09:07
years how old were you when you lost
00:09:09
your
00:09:11
virginity we sent our researchers to
00:09:13
find out just how much more promiscuous
00:09:16
men really
00:09:18
are our street survey found that on
00:09:21
average men reported 13 sexual partners
00:09:24
while women only managed seven in line
00:09:27
with other sex surveys
00:09:30
but hold on who are all the men sleeping
00:09:32
with and the survey is about sexual
00:09:35
behaviors and attitudes the trouble with
00:09:37
asking personal questions face to face
00:09:40
is that you rarely get honest
00:09:43
answers how many sexual partners have
00:09:45
you had I don't 25 or something like
00:09:48
that 20 25 yeah yeah I can count on both
00:09:51
hands you can
00:09:55
so either men are exaggerating or women
00:09:58
are being economical with the
00:10:01
truth to find out what's going on we
00:10:04
asked our volunteers to take a lie
00:10:06
detector
00:10:08
test I'm going to put a one around your
00:10:10
stomach and I'm going to put one around
00:10:12
your chest can take a reading from one
00:10:14
of them try breathe normally without
00:10:17
taking any deep breaths or holding your
00:10:19
breath okay try not to nod or shake your
00:10:21
head just say yes or no okay I am the
00:10:26
owner of a financial and accounting
00:10:28
recruitment
00:10:31
[Music]
00:10:34
F I'm very money driven It Be Jack I
00:10:38
want to have nice holidays you know I
00:10:40
want to get my convertible sports car
00:10:44
and in the next 6 months there're my
00:10:45
goals so I'm going to achieve them and
00:10:47
to make sure it
00:10:49
happens all right I'm about to start the
00:10:52
test okay what I want to hear from you
00:10:54
is a yes or a no okay is your first name
00:10:58
Lucy yes
00:11:03
have you had around 10 sexual partners
00:11:05
in your
00:11:06
lifetime
00:11:08
no have you had more than 10 sexual
00:11:11
partners in your
00:11:12
lifetime
00:11:19
yes I have had more sexual partners than
00:11:22
I mitted to you know the reasons as to
00:11:24
probably why I didn't want to sort of
00:11:26
announce it but yes I have well what are
00:11:28
the reasons well I think the main
00:11:30
reasons is is sort of you know the
00:11:31
reputation side of it um you know I want
00:11:34
to attract a nice man I think the man
00:11:36
out there is still old fashioned in his
00:11:37
views and points um I think that you
00:11:39
know he still likes a very sort of
00:11:41
feminine type of girl who and the
00:11:43
thought of him uh her sorry have slept
00:11:45
with a lot of men you know discuss
00:11:49
him when they filled in our anonymous
00:11:52
online survey men and women did admit to
00:11:55
having the same numbers of sexual
00:11:57
partners
00:11:59
and what's more nearly a quarter of both
00:12:01
sexes admitted to having been unfaithful
00:12:04
to a long-term
00:12:05
partner we also found that whatever
00:12:08
their past experience men predicted more
00:12:11
than twice as many sexual partners in
00:12:13
the future than women
00:12:16
did so even though men are distracted by
00:12:19
the idea of sex they aren't more
00:12:21
promiscuous than women after
00:12:24
all it's just that they'd like to be
00:12:30
so one myth busted what about the other
00:12:33
stereotypes women are more emotional
00:12:36
we're more understanding friendlier
00:12:39
sensitive
00:12:41
[Music]
00:12:43
caring but are women really more
00:12:47
caring we hired an 8-year-old
00:12:50
actress fitted her with a secret
00:12:54
camera and abandoned her on a London
00:12:56
Street
00:13:00
this is what happened
00:13:05
[Music]
00:13:14
[Applause]
00:13:18
next this test is a measure of empathy
00:13:22
the ability to put yourself in someone
00:13:24
else's shoes and to act appropriately
00:13:32
Hello darling you right sweetheart yeah
00:13:35
you're waiting for someone P yeah my
00:13:37
mommy's just gone inside
00:13:42
spr how long has she been don't
00:13:49
know you want some
00:13:51
company well I think it was shocked to
00:13:53
both of us to see a little girl sitting
00:13:56
all on her own up again a cement wall
00:13:59
yes and you just wanted to go in and
00:14:01
protect her and yeah that's make sure
00:14:04
that she was okay but it was just common
00:14:07
since when you see a little girl on her
00:14:10
own you don't walk past her I saw her
00:14:12
twice actually going down and coming
00:14:14
back up I thought she was probably
00:14:16
waiting for somebody in the
00:14:18
hairdresses I know she actually did have
00:14:20
quite a Brand New Pair of Shoes on so I
00:14:23
thought she doesn't look as if she's in
00:14:25
a large amount of trouble
00:14:29
I'm a male on the own aren't I and if I
00:14:32
if I'm seen talking to little girls like
00:14:34
that what's the
00:14:36
reaction of all the excuses given for
00:14:39
doing nothing concern about being seen
00:14:41
as a pedophile seems the most
00:14:44
plausible but note that none of the men
00:14:47
alerted the authorities or asked a woman
00:14:49
to help on their
00:14:51
behalf what are you doing there during
00:14:53
the hour we filmed 41 women stopped to
00:14:57
help some of them were so concerned that
00:15:00
they came back several
00:15:03
times but only two men stopped and one
00:15:07
of them was with a woman you're
00:15:10
right 22% of women offered help as
00:15:13
opposed to just 1% of
00:15:19
men but this is just one test and one
00:15:22
way of measuring
00:15:26
empathy our volunteers are about to try
00:15:30
[Music]
00:15:38
another former par Patty Doyle runs a
00:15:41
boxing gym if it wasn't for Fitness it
00:15:44
would be be be in prison you know I
00:15:46
would be Patty holds 130 world records
00:15:50
for fitness and
00:15:52
endurance he is officially the world's
00:15:55
fittest athlete
00:15:59
of of I to be selfish uh while doing my
00:16:02
Sport and it's affected my relationships
00:16:05
because women couldn't take that it was
00:16:07
either the world records or them and
00:16:09
unfortunately I went for the world
00:16:12
records like the others Paddy has filled
00:16:15
in a detailed psychological
00:16:17
questionnaire designed to measure
00:16:21
[Music]
00:16:24
empathy of the half a million people who
00:16:26
took part in our online survey over 90%
00:16:30
of the top scorers were women men were
00:16:33
very much in second
00:16:39
place how do you think your husband were
00:16:41
doing this how his score you're having a
00:16:43
laugh right at Boton men have no empathy
00:16:47
no okay well let's talk to man see how
00:16:49
he feels about that for empathizing I
00:16:52
got 12 out of 20 oh are we surprised yes
00:16:56
I thought it would have been um
00:16:59
a bit less mhm yeah so that has
00:17:02
surprised
00:17:05
me in the empathy test Paddy actually
00:17:08
outscored all the other men and all but
00:17:11
two of the
00:17:13
women pad's breaking the mold and show
00:17:15
that some man can be very empathic what
00:17:17
about you um definitely not the case
00:17:19
apparently according to this test I got
00:17:22
three out of 20 apparently I've been
00:17:24
told I do lack a bit of empathy and uh I
00:17:27
I have tried using it in a sentence like
00:17:29
saying I empathize with you but
00:17:31
apparently that's not empathy can I
00:17:33
suggest you go to PTY for some lessons I
00:17:36
[Music]
00:17:40
will Liz and Craig Watson have a
00:17:43
personal interest in empathy everyone
00:17:45
looks so happy don't they it seemed very
00:17:49
idyllic really I remember just feeling
00:17:51
very comfortable with you
00:17:55
then Craig is very calculating
00:17:59
he's very stubborn incredibly stubborn
00:18:01
Liz is is the opposite of myself uh
00:18:05
she's almost too fiery to almost out of
00:18:08
control at times I don't feel Craig
00:18:11
understands me hardly at all and we've
00:18:14
gone out sometimes and Craig's had a
00:18:15
book and he's reading the book when
00:18:17
we're out you know that that that really
00:18:19
upsets me to fair I probably haven't
00:18:20
done that for several years it you've
00:18:22
done it recently Craig is living the
00:18:25
life of a bachelor actually and he you
00:18:28
know he's a great
00:18:30
[Music]
00:18:33
Bachelor Liz and Craig blame each other
00:18:36
for their failure to
00:18:37
communicate so in an unusual move we've
00:18:40
asked neurologist Ruben G to examine
00:18:43
their brains so um here is uh the
00:18:46
scanner and uh what we will get is an
00:18:50
image of your brain anatomy but more
00:18:52
importantly will get images of what
00:18:54
parts of the brain become active when
00:18:56
you have to solve specific kinds of
00:18:58
problems
00:18:58
[Music]
00:19:01
a key part of empathy is recognizing how
00:19:03
other people
00:19:05
feel we'll start doing the test and the
00:19:08
first test is the test of emotion
00:19:12
recognition and you'll have to answer
00:19:15
whether the face looks to you like a
00:19:17
positive or A negative emotion to me
00:19:21
communication is mostly about the
00:19:22
non-verbal not what you actually say but
00:19:24
what you're feeling and I think Craig's
00:19:26
not that in touch with his feelings
00:19:28
enough actually maybe I've got perhaps
00:19:30
more sensitivity in that area than I'm
00:19:31
given credit for and and vice versa that
00:19:34
Lizzie hasn't got quite as much strength
00:19:35
in that area she gives herself credit
00:19:37
for well that's interesting I just
00:19:40
learned something
00:19:43
else if the scan reveals that Liz and
00:19:46
Craig read other people's emotion
00:19:48
differently then some of their
00:19:50
misunderstandings might be instantly
00:19:54
explained the part of the brain that
00:19:56
deals with emotions is right in the
00:19:58
center center of the brain right here
00:20:00
Liz shows uh a hefty activation whereas
00:20:04
Craig's brain shows no activation at all
00:20:07
in this emotional part of the brain
00:20:10
whereas you went straight to the
00:20:12
emotional part and you say how would I
00:20:15
have felt if I were looking like that
00:20:17
you immediately invoke the that
00:20:19
emotional part of your
00:20:21
brain Liz is 40% more accurate than
00:20:25
Craig at reading emotion in others
00:20:27
because she is using the emotional part
00:20:29
of her own
00:20:30
brain and the scans reveal that in this
00:20:33
test Craig shows no emotional response
00:20:36
at all Liz are you surprised at Craig's
00:20:40
result what surprised me most was the
00:20:42
fact that it was completely devoid of
00:20:45
any emotional response in the center
00:20:47
part of the brain I mean that actually
00:20:49
has given me a big insight into why um
00:20:53
I've often felt I wish he would show
00:20:56
some emotion yeah but also switching
00:20:58
back in terms our relationship and in
00:20:59
terms of just our understanding I
00:21:01
sometimes need things to be spelled out
00:21:02
more you know actually don't just don't
00:21:04
think I'm just going to take it on
00:21:06
telepathically or so just you actually
00:21:07
got to tell me and also I mean in
00:21:09
situations where there's potential
00:21:11
conflict and so I'm trying to calm
00:21:13
things down actually I guess I just want
00:21:14
to avoid conflict whereas you're more
00:21:17
able to or more willing to sort of
00:21:18
embrace well I just think it's it's a
00:21:20
much more interesting level to operate
00:21:23
on if you can get into your emotional
00:21:24
response a bit more if women assume that
00:21:27
men are just like them and vice versa
00:21:29
that's when you get into difficulties as
00:21:31
far as you're concerned you're sending
00:21:32
out all these signals it's entirely
00:21:34
obvious that you are upset so then when
00:21:36
the bloke doesn't respond you up the
00:21:38
anti some more because you determined to
00:21:39
get the emotional response you introduce
00:21:41
emotive you know emotive topics so he
00:21:43
has to respond he can't ignore it and
00:21:46
then what do you do you end up hang a
00:21:47
dind off it's a shame for it to have to
00:21:49
degenerate into a row just in order to
00:21:52
activate the emotional response the only
00:21:54
real way forward is to realize we are
00:21:56
different we process this sort of
00:21:58
information differently and how we going
00:21:59
to make that
00:22:04
[Music]
00:22:06
work until recently scientists were
00:22:09
reluctant to acknowledge any sex
00:22:11
differences partly because of
00:22:14
history in
00:22:16
1879 Gustav Leon a founding father of
00:22:20
psychology announced that intelligent
00:22:22
women are so rare that they are as
00:22:25
exceptional as the birth of any
00:22:27
monstrosity as for example of a gorilla
00:22:30
with two heads consequently we may
00:22:33
neglect them
00:22:37
entirely and that 125 years ago was
00:22:41
medical
00:22:46
fact if I bring out a male brain and put
00:22:49
it next to a female brain you can see uh
00:22:52
there's very little difference in any of
00:22:54
the structures on the surface of the
00:22:55
brain the only difference really between
00:22:57
these two is there
00:22:59
size and um in general female brains are
00:23:02
a little bit smaller the uh explanation
00:23:05
for this is men tend to be bigger and so
00:23:08
this is in proportion to that difference
00:23:10
in body size I don't think anyone's
00:23:12
going to suggest that a small man is any
00:23:14
less intelligent than a large man having
00:23:16
said that there have been a number of uh
00:23:18
studies to suggest that certain areas of
00:23:20
the brain might be slightly different in
00:23:22
size and the biggest areas of difference
00:23:25
appear to be in language processing
00:23:28
and also in this part of the frontal
00:23:30
lobe which is important in Visos spatial
00:23:34
processing and this might be the basis
00:23:36
for some of the uh functional
00:23:38
differences we see between men and women
00:23:41
uh they may just be wired up
00:23:43
differently
00:23:45
D in this test Tim is listening to
00:23:48
madeup
00:23:50
words B different sounds are played to
00:23:53
each ear at the same time B but Tim only
00:23:58
hears one of them G when CLA listens to
00:24:02
the same test this is what she hears gab
00:24:06
and Gad because women use both sides of
00:24:10
the brain to process speech CLA can hear
00:24:12
both sounds Todd and
00:24:15
top dot but Tim Who as a man only uses
00:24:19
the right side of his brain get can only
00:24:23
hear
00:24:24
one
00:24:27
b i found it really really difficult it
00:24:30
almost come over as one word in both
00:24:33
ears at the same
00:24:35
[Music]
00:24:38
time things aren't looking very good for
00:24:41
men go was automatic by the way object
00:24:44
centered partially deaf unempathic sex
00:24:48
obsessed fantasists is not how most of
00:24:50
them would like to be
00:24:53
remembered men are supposed to be
00:24:55
go-getting thrusting successful
00:24:59
so we're giving them a chance to
00:25:02
shine after all men love competition and
00:25:05
they're great at
00:25:08
driving aren they I want women to win
00:25:12
badly I'm going to really try and win
00:25:15
this I'm in I almost feel it in the pit
00:25:18
of my stomach that's I just want to be
00:25:21
better than everybody
00:25:24
else the hormone testosterone plays an
00:25:27
important part in
00:25:29
competitiveness testosterone the
00:25:31
so-called male hormone is actually
00:25:34
produced by both men and
00:25:36
[Music]
00:25:49
women we're analyzing our volunteers
00:25:52
hormone levels throughout the
00:25:53
competition to see how their
00:25:55
testosterone responds
00:26:06
it seems that men um the kind of
00:26:09
biological response to a competition is
00:26:11
very different than that in
00:26:14
women in the man we see large
00:26:16
fluctuations which is consistent with
00:26:18
what one expects in the sponsor
00:26:20
competition but we see virtually zero
00:26:23
fluctuation in the woman
00:26:26
[Music]
00:26:28
men are more likely um as a result of
00:26:30
this increase in testosterone to take
00:26:32
risks and risks might in an encounter
00:26:35
and competitive encounter might be
00:26:37
beneficial the testosterone powered men
00:26:40
quickly Take the
00:26:43
Lead Lucy in cart 6 the woman who wanted
00:26:46
to win is languishing in seventh
00:26:50
place but right at the very front is
00:26:53
Lloyd hotly pursued by Jamie driving
00:26:56
cart number eight
00:27:00
but there's individual who's very much
00:27:01
worth uh pointing out to you and that is
00:27:04
number two uh if we look at his tea
00:27:07
levels um and compare them with his
00:27:09
pre-race levels there's a substantial
00:27:12
increase he's uh likely to be a very
00:27:15
competitive highly highly strong
00:27:17
individual who takes it very
00:27:22
seriously I'm more interested in
00:27:24
engineering than I'm in people if if it
00:27:27
came a choice between separating me from
00:27:29
me lathe and separating me from Oliver I
00:27:32
would let go of the lathe but I wouldn't
00:27:35
give it up
00:27:39
easily you want me to go first I can't
00:27:42
just secretly let him win like his mom
00:27:45
can I just don't feel it it's honest
00:27:48
right are you ready you ready for this
00:27:50
no jump
00:27:55
jump honest I don't really feel bad that
00:27:57
he's crying
00:27:58
[Music]
00:27:59
to me he's just displaying what I would
00:28:02
feel if I lost I'd want to be doing the
00:28:04
same thing
00:28:08
really how old is he
00:28:13
six I'm not a
00:28:19
monster but monstrous things are
00:28:21
happening to Lloyd Jaime's taken the
00:28:24
lead and he's not showing any signs of
00:28:26
giving it back
00:28:29
but as Lloyd tries to regain the lead
00:28:32
his testosterone skyrockets and things
00:28:34
go from bad to
00:28:37
[Music]
00:28:39
worse yet more testosterone and more
00:28:42
stupid
00:28:44
risks Lloyd's race position is in
00:28:47
[Music]
00:28:49
freeall as Jamie strolls past the
00:28:51
checker
00:28:53
flag Lloyd's world has disintegrated
00:28:58
the former race leader finishes
00:29:02
fifth there's an extraordinary finding
00:29:04
here where number two's testosterone
00:29:07
levels decline rapidly to nearly that of
00:29:11
his pre-race levels which suggests to me
00:29:14
that something unusual has happened
00:29:16
something has something's gone wrong
00:29:17
here and I suspect he's not very happy
00:29:19
about
00:29:23
it I feel absolutely enraged not with
00:29:27
anybody else what say
00:29:30
5 minutes ago when you were up there I
00:29:33
could have got out smashed on H somebody
00:29:37
that's how I felt I wouldn't have done
00:29:38
because you know you can't do that in
00:29:40
public but I felt good but I mean I
00:29:42
wanted I did actually aim to win I
00:29:45
wasn't going into well I wanted to have
00:29:46
a good time but I wanted to win as
00:29:48
[Music]
00:29:50
well Jam's testosterone levels during
00:29:53
the race reveal the secret of his
00:29:56
success while Lo levels went through the
00:29:59
roof Jam were much more subtle allowing
00:30:02
him to become more competitive and take
00:30:04
informed
00:30:05
[Music]
00:30:06
risks his modest Rises were useful where
00:30:10
Lloyds were
00:30:13
catastrophic but if we look at the women
00:30:16
there's no rise in testosterone levels
00:30:18
at all there's no doubt that women can
00:30:21
be competitive but they don't have the
00:30:23
edge that testosterone can give
00:30:25
men I a very competitive person and I
00:30:28
was trying to do my best um I think I
00:30:30
just you know break and then when I see
00:30:32
somebody in front of me instead of
00:30:34
trying to swerve around them I
00:30:37
hesitate the men's rise in testosterone
00:30:40
turbocharges their competitive Instinct
00:30:43
though it can be a very mixed
00:30:46
blessing I did Cheers it's not by chance
00:30:50
that women are less prone to road
00:30:53
rage quite bit
00:30:55
actually testosterone is incredibly
00:30:58
powerful hormone it affects us all men
00:31:01
and women and it affects us well before
00:31:05
we are even
00:31:07
[Music]
00:31:10
born for the first few weeks of
00:31:12
development it's impossible to tell if
00:31:15
the tiny embryo floating in its amniotic
00:31:17
fluid is a boy or a
00:31:19
girl they all appear to be
00:31:23
female but in week eight the males start
00:31:26
to produce testosterone drone in huge
00:31:28
quantities and their bodies
00:31:33
change and it's recently been discovered
00:31:36
that from the very start they seem to
00:31:38
behave differently as
00:31:42
well at just a few hours old girls
00:31:45
prefer to look at a human face while
00:31:49
boys will look at well anything
00:31:55
really barely born and yet girls like
00:31:59
people and boys like
00:32:02
[Music]
00:32:12
things Professor Simon Baron Cohen had a
00:32:15
hunch that the differences in Behavior
00:32:17
were down to
00:32:19
testosterone he just needed
00:32:21
proof I was very surprised to discover
00:32:24
that hospitals routinely store the
00:32:27
amniotic fluid after they carry out an
00:32:32
amniocentesis this was the opportunity
00:32:34
that we were looking for here was the
00:32:36
fluid that if you like allowed us to go
00:32:38
back in time to make any link between
00:32:42
the hormone levels in the womb and the
00:32:44
child's current
00:32:47
behavior well finding the amniocentesis
00:32:50
test was tremendously exciting because
00:32:52
it's never before were you able to
00:32:54
measure testosterone levels produced by
00:32:57
the child and look at later behavior in
00:32:59
relation to that oh look at that there
00:33:02
why do you think the big triangle is
00:33:04
pushing the little
00:33:06
one I you don't know well all the
00:33:09
cartoons are designed to make people
00:33:11
think about the two triangles as people
00:33:14
and what we want to look at is whether
00:33:16
there's any difference between the ones
00:33:18
with high testosterone and low
00:33:22
testosterone the kids with high
00:33:24
testosterone are more likely to behave
00:33:26
in a masculine way than the kids with
00:33:28
low
00:33:29
testosterone the mommy and the baby and
00:33:32
the mommy's pushing the baby out of the
00:33:34
F so she could watch tell the baby to
00:33:38
noisy yeah that's great if the big
00:33:41
triangle was a person what kind of
00:33:44
person would it
00:33:45
be a triangle person a triangle person
00:33:49
what about the little triangle what kind
00:33:51
of person would they be yeah but they're
00:33:54
not cuz they haven't got any legs and
00:33:57
we've been able to show that the
00:33:59
testosterone levels week 16 of your life
00:34:03
are related to the eye contact you make
00:34:06
the social relationships you have the
00:34:08
interests you have how fast you learn to
00:34:10
talk all these things that could be very
00:34:12
very important in the long term for who
00:34:15
you
00:34:21
are most of us will never have the
00:34:23
opportunity to have our amniotic fluid
00:34:26
analyzed
00:34:28
but there is a scientist whose
00:34:30
controversial Theory could mean that we
00:34:32
can all tell how much testosterone we've
00:34:34
been exposed to in the womb right
00:34:39
now our fingers have information about
00:34:42
how much testosterone how much estrogen
00:34:44
we've been exposed to in the womb so the
00:34:47
longer one's ring finger relative to
00:34:49
one's index finger the more testosterone
00:34:51
you've had and that testosterone has an
00:34:53
effect on the brain and on the body
00:34:58
if a boy has a large amount of
00:34:59
testosterone before birth he's likely to
00:35:02
be born with a very efficient heart and
00:35:04
vascular
00:35:07
system so the longer one's ring finger
00:35:10
relative to one's index finger the
00:35:12
faster one can
00:35:13
run these athletes are 5,000 m
00:35:17
Specialists Professor Manning has never
00:35:19
met them or seen them race but if his
00:35:22
theory is correct he'll be able to tell
00:35:25
us all about them well I should don't do
00:35:28
is look at the differences between the
00:35:29
ring finger and the index finger and on
00:35:32
that basis rank these Runners first
00:35:34
second third fourth and so
00:35:36
[Music]
00:35:37
on in theory that should
00:35:40
work in practice we're providing
00:35:43
Professor Manning with photocopies of
00:35:45
the athletes hands and in return he's
00:35:47
risking his reputation by providing us
00:35:50
with the results of a race that has yet
00:35:52
to be
00:35:54
run I'm I'm looking at a kind of living
00:35:56
fossil in the finger fingers something
00:35:58
which tells us about an event a long
00:36:02
time ago in the development of this
00:36:03
particular
00:36:06
[Music]
00:36:08
individual each of these cards has got a
00:36:10
number on the number's obscured so don't
00:36:12
take the front off uh and the number is
00:36:14
my prediction as to where you're going
00:36:16
to end up at the end of the
00:36:18
race on your
00:36:21
marks there are other variables that I
00:36:23
just have no knowledge of whatsoever how
00:36:25
many times are these Runners trained for
00:36:27
example uh are they feeling okay today
00:36:30
have they had a around with their
00:36:31
girlfriend you know I don't know these
00:36:33
men and all I've seen are their
00:36:36
hands you know I'm quite nervous about
00:36:39
this um I hope I'm right and uh I'm
00:36:41
willing to give it a
00:36:44
[Music]
00:36:53
go in most people the difference between
00:36:56
ring and index fingers is small but the
00:37:00
ring finger of one of our Runners is a
00:37:02
whopping 6 mm longer than his index
00:37:05
finger and Professor Manning is certain
00:37:08
that he's found his
00:37:11
[Music]
00:37:20
winner that was absolutely magnificent
00:37:23
thank you what I'd like you to do is to
00:37:25
line up in your finishing off order and
00:37:28
we'll work down the line and I'll rip
00:37:31
your numbers off starting with
00:37:34
Russell oh my God that is amazing luck
00:37:38
so
00:37:40
far no
00:37:49
wayover where he comes six we've got
00:37:53
four out of six right but the two that
00:37:55
were wrong were kind of quite close oh
00:37:58
yeah I thought the finger thing was
00:38:00
bollocks because there's so many
00:38:01
variables I'm very
00:38:03
[Music]
00:38:04
impressed Professor Manning has agreed
00:38:07
to do one further more radical
00:38:10
test to see if finger length can be used
00:38:13
to determine our volunteers brain sex
00:38:16
how male or female their brains
00:38:19
are if I arrange you along this line in
00:38:24
terms of the amount of testosterone
00:38:26
you've had before birth that has no
00:38:29
implications for
00:38:30
sexuality but it has some implications
00:38:33
about your very very early brain
00:38:36
[Music]
00:38:38
organization our fingers May provide a
00:38:40
record of testosterone in the womb
00:38:43
because the genes that trigger its
00:38:45
production also determine finger
00:38:47
[Music]
00:38:51
growth in general the men and women
00:38:53
perform to type the men are at the male
00:38:57
end
00:38:58
and the women are at the female end Liz
00:39:01
and Craig are at opposite
00:39:03
[Music]
00:39:05
[Applause]
00:39:06
ends but there's one
00:39:09
exception Grace's fingers put her well
00:39:12
into the male
00:39:14
domain in our survey of half a million
00:39:17
people the biggest difference between
00:39:20
men and women was in visual spatial
00:39:24
tasks on average men scored 40% higher
00:39:28
than
00:39:32
women but some women did outstandingly
00:39:36
well and Professor Manning thinks that's
00:39:39
partly down to
00:39:40
[Music]
00:39:47
testosterone if Professor Manning is
00:39:49
Right Grace should do rather well at our
00:39:52
very own visual spatial
00:39:54
task hi everybody hi
00:39:58
good morning I'm here today to teach you
00:39:59
on the cat 432 Bako
00:40:04
loader operating a digger requires a lot
00:40:07
of hand ey
00:40:09
coordination and visual spatial skills
00:40:12
okay is if you're holding a fine
00:40:14
lady and according to our survey most
00:40:18
women aren't that great at visual
00:40:20
spatial
00:40:21
skills put the bucket flat but bucket
00:40:24
which one's bucket don't don't dig it in
00:40:27
there
00:40:29
just got to be gentle say we're win cuz
00:40:32
we're gentle these little
00:40:37
like that's
00:40:39
brilliant all our volunteers have to do
00:40:42
is copy
00:40:43
Tony oh got to be kidding
00:40:46
me and try not to break too many
00:40:52
eggs according to Professor
00:40:55
Manning Grace is the only woman who'll
00:40:58
be any good at
00:41:01
this good
00:41:04
[Music]
00:41:10
luck oh
00:41:12
[ __ ] oh
00:41:17
[Music]
00:41:19
no as expected the women were
00:41:22
comprehensively outclassed by the men
00:41:24
I've breaking my bucket
00:41:34
but there was one exception Grace was
00:41:37
joint winner with
00:41:39
Lloyd scoring three times higher than
00:41:42
the rest of the
00:41:43
[Music]
00:41:47
women I think most of the the girls the
00:41:50
other four girls are living up to the
00:41:51
social expectations of being woman likee
00:41:54
whereas Grace hasn't fallen into that
00:41:56
trap
00:42:01
I'm a flight test engineer on the ight
00:42:04
typhoon I assess the aircraft systems
00:42:08
whilst it's being flown by one of our
00:42:10
test
00:42:11
pilots I wouldn't really say I was a
00:42:14
girly girl at
00:42:15
all I've always found boy toys far more
00:42:18
interesting than
00:42:21
girls you might think that Grace has
00:42:23
simply acquired 3D skills by becoming an
00:42:25
engineer
00:42:27
but her fingers tell a different
00:42:29
[Music]
00:42:32
story even before she was born
00:42:34
testosterone gave Grace a more male
00:42:37
brain with better visual spatial
00:42:41
[Music]
00:42:45
skills testosterone is an incredibly
00:42:48
powerful hormone that affects us all men
00:42:51
and women a triangle person a triangle
00:42:55
person it shapes our body
00:42:58
oh my God and affects our
00:43:01
[Music]
00:43:02
minds and it even seems to be at the
00:43:05
heart of why on average women are better
00:43:07
at language and emotional
00:43:10
skills while men are better at visual
00:43:12
spatial
00:43:14
skills but of course it's not quite that
00:43:19
simple averages conceal individual
00:43:23
differences we've got nine months in the
00:43:25
room to consider and testosterone is not
00:43:29
produced in the same amounts throughout
00:43:31
those nine
00:43:32
months so that this possible to have a
00:43:36
kind of Mosaic
00:43:38
brain different levels of testosterone
00:43:41
at different times in development might
00:43:44
explain apparently contradictory brain
00:43:46
skills in the same
00:43:49
person so although Pat's verbal skills
00:43:52
put him firmly in the male
00:43:54
Camp he was as sensitive as most women
00:43:58
when it came to some tests of
00:44:01
empathy previously um I perceived it as
00:44:04
a weakness but as the days have gone by
00:44:08
and going through all the tests I'm
00:44:10
quite happy that I've got another side
00:44:12
to
00:44:13
me but I was also happy that most of the
00:44:16
times I was standing on the 100 100%
00:44:18
mile brain
00:44:21
[Music]
00:44:23
size time for one last test
00:44:28
a this task is going to be about
00:44:31
changing
00:44:32
nappies and one of you lucky ladies is
00:44:35
going to have to be with this while
00:44:36
crying
00:44:39
baby on the face of it simply a question
00:44:42
of who's best at child
00:44:44
care but in fact it has a deeper purpose
00:44:48
you're a good boy for Auntie Lulu aren
00:44:50
you cuz you didn't do any any any
00:44:52
naughtiness for Lulu
00:44:57
as we might expect most of the women do
00:44:59
the task
00:45:05
well here you go right mate how you
00:45:09
doing while most of the
00:45:11
men
00:45:13
[Music]
00:45:16
struggle and see how this thing
00:45:19
works
00:45:21
okay I think I've got it wrong already
00:45:24
try
00:45:25
again okay m
00:45:27
this will be
00:45:29
interesting and you might expect
00:45:31
testosterone fueled Ultra male brained
00:45:34
Lloyd to struggle more than
00:45:39
most I don't think I did a a
00:45:41
particularly good job with connecting
00:45:43
with a
00:45:44
child there was a task to do and I just
00:45:46
had to get on with it and do
00:45:48
it you know I could be changing the tyon
00:45:50
a car it's a little bit to one
00:45:53
side even we own some I find it quite
00:45:56
alen connect with him I only made a
00:45:58
connection with my son as he grew older
00:46:00
and the connection got stronger and
00:46:01
stronger wasn't instinctive uh immediate
00:46:04
Bond it was something that grew very
00:46:07
very gradually with my
00:46:09
sun here can you see just just hit there
00:46:12
back a bit
00:46:15
sh I don't connect too easily with
00:46:17
people that's actually making me quite
00:46:18
emotional actually want to cry
00:46:29
I feel like there's something
00:46:40
missing many men find making emotional
00:46:43
connections
00:46:46
difficult once the women had changed the
00:46:48
nappy they picked the baby up in stark
00:46:52
contrast most of the men simply stepped
00:46:55
away
00:46:57
what doing
00:46:59
here do you want me to return her or
00:47:03
everything's fine nappy
00:47:04
changed baby spoken
00:47:07
to task
00:47:12
done Ki you going to be a footballer
00:47:16
look yet despite Lloyd's fear that he
00:47:17
doesn't readily connect when it came to
00:47:20
the end of the baby test he surprised
00:47:23
everyone oh there's a real the real
00:47:26
connection
00:47:28
he's enjoying that feels looks natural
00:47:30
to him it feels
00:47:32
naturaliss you I see we're talking now
00:47:36
aren
00:47:37
we Lloyd is aware that he's not
00:47:39
naturally
00:47:41
empathic so he's made more of an effort
00:47:44
working his brain
00:47:46
harder the result is that his behavior
00:47:49
is indistinguishable from the
00:47:54
women I feel really quite emotion
00:47:58
that's
00:47:59
lovely lovely it's almost like he does
00:48:02
all these empathic things but in his
00:48:03
mind these things don't add add up to
00:48:05
empathy for some reason I'm not quite
00:48:07
sure I'm not quite sure how he would
00:48:09
describe these
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things the sex of our brain is not as
00:48:17
clearcut as the sex of our body I'm much
00:48:20
more feminine than I
00:48:22
realized while women tend to have female
00:48:25
brain sex and Men usually have male
00:48:27
brain sex as individuals we are a mosaic
00:48:31
a unique mixture of both as a
00:48:33
childminder looking after kids I'd have
00:48:36
hoped my empathy score would be a bit
00:48:40
better I have got a hard exterior but
00:48:43
it's ni I've got a soft interior I can
00:48:45
learn a lot from Patty uh and Patty has
00:48:47
has learned me a lot
00:48:49
already they're saying that guys have
00:48:51
these skills and girls have these but I
00:48:53
think you'd be more successful if you
00:48:54
were a guy who had all these female
00:48:55
skills cuz you have something different
00:48:57
to offer I perhaps assumed that I had
00:49:00
more of a male brain than a female brain
00:49:03
but I think that I have got quite a lot
00:49:05
of my female aspects as well and then
00:49:07
hopefully become a better person for IT
00:49:11
and knowing about our brain sex and
00:49:12
where our strengths and weaknesses lie
00:49:15
has to mean a better understanding of
00:49:17
ourselves and each other I think it's a
00:49:20
two-way street and actually that we both
00:49:23
actually have to take a little bit more
00:49:24
time and effort to understand where the
00:49:25
other person is is coming
00:49:29
from yeah
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