00:00:02
NARRATOR: Egypt, the richest
source of archaeological
treasures on the planet.
00:00:08
SALIMA: Oh, that's
a fabulous one!
00:00:13
NARRATOR: Beneath this desert
landscape lie the secrets
of this ancient civilization.
00:00:21
JOHN: Wow, you can see why
the pharaohs chose this place.
00:00:25
NARRATOR: Now, for a full
season of excavations, our
cameras have unprecedented
00:00:31
access to follow teams on the
frontline of archaeology...
00:00:37
ASHRAF: I'm driving so fast
because I'm so excited!
00:00:40
KATHLEEN: It's an entrance,
we can see an entrance.
00:00:44
NARRATOR: Revealing
buried secrets...
00:00:47
ANTONIO: I have just
been told that they
have found something.
00:00:50
DON: Oh my gosh.
00:00:52
(laughs).
00:00:54
JOHN: A sphinx!
00:00:57
NARRATOR: And making
discoveries that could
rewrite ancient history.
00:01:07
This time, the hunt for the
lost tomb of Queen Cleopatra.
00:01:14
Colleen searches for clues
in the hieroglyphs...
00:01:17
COLLEEN: Here we see
Cleopatra as the goddess Isis.
00:01:21
NARRATOR: Alejandro
scans ancient mummies in
an Egyptian hospital...
00:01:29
NARRATOR: And
Kathleen makes a startling
discovery deep underground.
00:01:51
NARRATOR: Ancient Egypt,
a kingdom of great pharaohs
and a cradle of civilization.
00:02:00
But after 3,000 years
this rule came to an
end with the last pharaoh,
00:02:08
Queen Cleopatra.
00:02:13
For centuries this enigmatic
woman has captured the
imagination of the world,
00:02:20
but the location of her
tomb is still a mystery.
00:02:28
Today archaeologists
across Egypt are on
the hunt for clues.
00:02:35
Renowned Egyptologists Colleen
and John Darnell are experts
in decoding hieroglyphs,
00:02:42
they're on their way to
the Valley of the Kings.
00:02:46
COLLEEN: We're headed to the
location of the burials of
00:02:48
nearly every pharaoh
of the New Kingdom.
00:02:52
NARRATOR: The Valley
is a rabbit warren of
sixty-five hidden tombs.
00:02:57
They form one of the
greatest royal
cemeteries in the world,
00:03:02
but not all of
them are finished.
00:03:05
JOHN: This morning we're
going to the unfinished
tomb of Ramses XI.
00:03:11
It's the last tomb begun in
the Valley of the Kings, and
many times unfinished things
00:03:17
in Egypt can actually tell
you a little bit more than
the completed product.
00:03:26
NARRATOR: Ramses XI
reigned over 1,000
years before Cleopatra,
00:03:32
but when he died his
tomb was never used.
00:03:38
COLLEEN: So here you could
see just the initial phases
of the tomb decoration,
00:03:43
but it's already a beautiful
depiction of Ramses XI.
00:03:46
We know exactly who we're
looking at because of his
cartouches, his name rings,
00:03:51
in front of his face.
00:03:54
JOHN: Looks like they've
laid out what would've been
remarkable illustrations and,
00:03:58
and texts early in the
initial part of the tomb.
00:04:05
NARRATOR: The tomb of
Ramses XI is located in
the east of the
00:04:09
Valley of the Kings.
00:04:12
Its cavernous chambers
and pillared halls reveal
how the pharaoh should
00:04:18
have been buried,
but the back of the
tomb is unfinished.
00:04:27
After 500 years
of Egypt's kings and queens
being buried in the Valley,
00:04:33
Ramses' tomb marks
the end of an era.
00:04:40
Ramses XI abandoned
the Valley of the Kings,
00:04:44
and no more pharaohs
were buried here.
00:04:48
COLLEEN: This is very much the
end of a legacy, this is the
end of kings being buried in
00:04:53
the Valley of the Kings,
but it's also the start of
something new,
00:04:55
of continued royal burial
that really ends with Cleopatra.
00:05:02
NARRATOR: Historians believe
this royal burial site was
abandoned because of looting,
00:05:07
but no one has found the
cemetery for the last
pharaohs of Egypt,
00:05:12
Cleopatra and
her family line.
00:05:16
So where could it be?
00:05:20
After the Valley fell out
of use eventually Egypt's
00:05:23
seat of power
shifted north to Alexandria.
00:05:35
The last great dynasty of
pharaohs established their
capital here to exploit
00:05:40
trade across
the Mediterranean Sea.
00:05:44
Archaeologist Dr. Ross Thomas
from the British Museum
is here exploring the ancient
00:05:49
capital for evidence that
could lead to Cleopatra.
00:05:53
ROSS: The ancient city housed
about half a million people
during the first century BC
00:05:59
and it was one of the most
important ancient ports
00:06:01
and ancient cities
of the Mediterranean.
00:06:06
NARRATOR: The port city
of Alexandria was founded
by Alexander the Great
00:06:10
who conquered Egypt
2,300 years ago.
00:06:15
It was famed for its palaces,
statues, its library, and a
colossal lighthouse standing
00:06:21
over 350 feet tall, one
of the seven wonders
of the ancient world.
00:06:29
During this time,
Egypt was ruled by the
successors of Alexander,
00:06:34
the Greek pharaohs
called the Ptolemies,
00:06:38
but this family line ended
when the country was eventually
conquered by Rome,
00:06:44
leaving the last pharaoh
of Egypt Queen Cleopatra.
00:06:53
Many archaeologists think
Cleopatra will be found in a
royal cemetery somewhere in
00:06:58
Alexandria, the capital
built by her own family...
00:07:04
but searching
here is difficult.
00:07:07
The ancient city was hit by
a series of earthquakes and
00:07:10
much of it now
lies beneath the waves.
00:07:14
ROSS: So do we
have weights here?
00:07:16
MAN: Yes.
00:07:22
NARRATOR: Professor
Emad Khalil from Alexandria
University began exploring
00:07:27
the sunken city over twenty
years ago, keeping an eagle
eye out for Cleopatra's tomb.
00:07:34
EMAD: This has not been found
obviously in Alexandria yet,
00:07:36
but as we always say
beneath Alexandria there
are other Alexandrias.
00:07:44
Okay.
00:07:51
NARRATOR: The evidence of
Cleopatra's ancient capital
is strewn across the seabed.
00:07:58
Shards of pottery,
huge columns,
00:08:07
fallen obelisks,
and what they believe is one
00:08:12
of the doorways to
the famous lighthouse.
00:08:23
ROSS: There was scores of
columns and column bases,
hundreds of blocks,
00:08:31
really large
structural blocks.
00:08:33
EMAD: I think we managed
to see a part of an obelisk,
00:08:35
and part of a
doorway of the lighthouse,
00:08:38
so it is, it's really,
really something.
00:08:41
ROSS: Yeah.
00:08:42
NARRATOR: Every
dive provides new data for
Emad and Ross to research,
00:08:46
but there's no
sign of Cleopatra or
her family's graves.
00:08:50
EMAD: Well you'd assume
that they'd want to be
buried in their own city.
00:08:54
Normally what you
have is a royal cemetery
with all the burials
00:08:58
for the kings and queens.
00:09:02
NARRATOR: But what if
Cleopatra wasn't buried
in Alexandria at all?
00:09:06
One woman thinks
everyone has been looking
in the wrong place.
00:09:14
Thirty miles west of
Alexandria in an ancient city
called Taposiris Magna,
00:09:20
there is a
little-known temple.
00:09:23
Here Kathleen Martinez,
a qualified lawyer turned
archaeologist, is on a quest.
00:09:31
KATHLEEN: So this is one
of the exciting moments
of an excavation.
00:09:35
NARRATOR: For the past decade
she has been building a case
that Queen Cleopatra is buried
00:09:41
beneath this temple.
00:09:43
KATHLEEN: I want to
be an archaeologist
since I was a child,
00:09:47
but my parents convinced
me to study law, and I
became a lawyer.
00:09:55
But all this knowledge and
this information that I had
as a lawyer I combine with
00:10:01
archaeology, and this is
how I follow Cleopatra's
steps to Taposiris Magna.
00:10:08
NARRATOR: Kathleen is from
the Dominican Republic in the
Caribbean, but thirteen years
00:10:13
ago she gave up her law
work and started excavating
here at the temple.
00:10:19
KATHLEEN: We have uncovered so
many important structures that
prove this temple functioned
00:10:25
as a temple during the
time of Queen Cleopatra
and the Greek pharaohs.
00:10:30
So this could be
the perfect place for
Cleopatra's lost tomb.
00:10:36
NARRATOR: At the age of
eighteen, Cleopatra became
pharaoh when her father
00:10:40
Ptolemy the twelfth died.
00:10:42
She went on to rule
for twenty-one years.
00:10:45
Faced with the threat of a
Roman invasion, she formed
alliances with the enemy,
00:10:51
first wooing Julius Caesar
and bearing his child,
00:10:55
followed by a
relationship with Mark Antony.
00:10:59
But in 31 BC
the Roman navy, led by
Octavian, attacked Egypt.
00:11:08
To avoid capture, legend
has it that Cleopatra
committed suicide with
00:11:12
the bite of
a venomous snake.
00:11:22
KATHLEEN: She threatened Rome
and Romans were afraid of her.
00:11:26
She thought she could
conquer the world, even
though she was a woman.
00:11:31
She was a warrior, and she
achieved the impossible, and
this is why she is my heroine
00:11:37
and I will try to
do everything I can
to find her tomb.
00:11:42
NARRATOR: Kathleen believes
Cleopatra could be buried
somewhere around the site.
00:11:48
This season, she has
a promising lead 300 feet
outside the temple walls;
00:11:54
a strange
hollow in the ground.
00:11:57
KATHLEEN: We found
a cut, it's a cut in the
bedrock, it's a shaft,
00:12:00
and we are trying to find
out what, where it lead us.
00:12:05
NARRATOR: Kathleen believes
the shaft could lead to
Cleopatra's lost tomb,
00:12:10
hidden deep underground,
but trying to excavate
this site is dangerous.
00:12:20
KATHLEEN: It's dangerous
because if the bucket turned
around it could hit the guys
00:12:25
which are down there.
00:12:27
NARRATOR: With the potential
to break through into an
underground cavity,
00:12:30
they're worried the
floor of the shaft
could suddenly collapse.
00:12:42
KATHLEEN: It's an entrance,
we can see an entrance.
00:12:46
NARRATOR: It's a
huge discovery.
00:12:48
The shaft leads to an
underground tunnel.
00:12:51
KATHLEEN: It's so exciting.
00:12:52
I need to see
what is in there.
00:12:54
It has been hidden
for 2,000 years.
00:13:05
NARRATOR: Across Egypt, the
hunt for lost tombs continues.
00:13:12
500 miles south of Alexandria
is the ancient city of Aswan.
00:13:18
It's here that
Spanish archaeologist
Alejandro Jiménez-Serrano
00:13:23
leads a large
mission working at
the ancient necropolis
00:13:27
of Qubbet el-Hawa.
00:13:29
The site is home to one
of the largest sets of
intact tombs in Egypt.
00:13:34
Alejandro is
searching for unmarked
graves and lost tombs.
00:13:41
(speaking in native language).
00:13:44
This sprawling site is even
older than the Valley of the
Kings, and is thought to be
00:13:50
the burial site of
many wealthy nobles.
00:13:53
Today he's working in one of
the ancient tombs, trying to
identify who was buried there.
00:14:00
ALEJANDRO: Unfortunately,
it has no inscriptions so we
don't the owner or the family
00:14:04
who occupy this tomb.
00:14:06
We can only say which period,
when it was built,
00:14:10
because of the style.
00:14:19
NARRATOR: But deep inside
this tomb the team has just
unearthed two buried mummies.
00:14:27
As they clear away the
sand, Alejandro makes
a startling discovery;
00:14:34
it's the edge of a beautiful
golden death mask.
00:14:39
ALEJANDRO: Wow!
00:14:44
NARRATOR: Death masks are
often made of layers of linen
or recycled papyrus, and then
00:14:49
soaked in plaster.
00:14:52
This forms a tough
material a bit like paper
mache, called cartonnage.
00:15:01
While still wet, the
cartonnage is molded to
resemble the face of the
00:15:05
deceased, and then painted.
00:15:08
Often the name of the person
was written on the mask, along
with inscriptions to help
00:15:13
transport the deceased
into the afterlife.
00:15:18
This ancient funeral
practice continued for
over 2,000 years,
00:15:23
right up to
the time of Cleopatra.
00:15:31
ALEJANDRO: And the quality
of the cartonnage is,
is amazing, the, the colors,
00:15:34
and it has text and it seems
that it will be possible to read
the name of the original owner.
00:15:41
NARRATOR: But before
Alejandro can try to put
a name to this ancient body,
00:15:46
his team will need
to extract the fragile mask.
00:15:50
They use soft paintbrushes
to remove the sand grain by
grain, and then strengthen the
00:15:57
mask with paper
coated with resin to
stop it from breaking.
00:16:07
ALEJANDRO: It's a privilege
and it's amazing to, to have
the opportunity to,
00:16:14
to work with untouched material.
00:16:21
NARRATOR: Back at
Taposiris Magna...
00:16:24
KATHLEEN: They take
such good care of me.
00:16:28
They are not used to women
going down the shaft.
00:16:31
NARRATOR: Kathleen
Martinez is descending into
a 2,000-year-old shaft.
00:16:38
KATHLEEN: Yes.
Going down.
00:16:40
NARRATOR: She believes it
could lead her to the lost
tomb of Queen Cleopatra.
00:16:48
But there's a problem.
00:16:50
KATHLEEN: God! The
tunnels are full of water.
00:16:56
NARRATOR: The vertical shaft
descends twenty-feet down and
leads to two narrow tunnels.
00:17:02
KATHLEEN: We have tunnel
which is perfectly
cut in the bedrock.
00:17:08
One it seems to lead
to the north, and the
other goes to the south.
00:17:21
NARRATOR: The fact that the
tunnels are flooded makes
any further exploration very
00:17:25
difficult, but Kathleen
is determined to push on.
00:17:29
KATHLEEN: Okay, look.
00:17:31
Oh God, so creepy, look!
00:17:34
At the end of the
tunnel there is a door,
00:17:40
but it's almost completely
covered with water.
00:17:44
NARRATOR: Now she
can see the quality of the
stonework and how much effort
00:17:48
it would've taken to create
these tunnels.
00:17:51
Kathleen is sure they must
lead to somewhere important.
00:17:55
KATHLEEN: I tried to go inside
but then the, the level is
deeper and I almost fall down,
00:18:03
so I need to pump
up the water.
00:18:08
I have to, I have to
explore this door.
00:18:20
♪ ♪
00:18:26
(speaking in native language)
00:18:32
NARRATOR: Kathleen will need
to find a water pump before
she can explore the flooded
00:18:35
tunnels any further.
00:18:39
KATHLEEN: You cannot walk
there, or crawl, because of
the water, it's, it's unsafe.
00:18:44
It will one of the
greatest adventures in the
excavation now because we
00:18:48
need to know what is in there.
00:18:52
NARRATOR: Kathleen is
convinced Cleopatra's lost
tomb is hidden somewhere
00:18:56
around this site.
00:18:58
She has evidence the
temple is linked to the
Egyptian goddess Isis.
00:19:04
Kathleen thinks this is
her biggest clue so far.
00:19:08
KATHLEEN: We have
archaeological evidence that
the temple was maybe the most
00:19:12
important religious
center for Isis in the north,
00:19:16
and the thing we know
about Queen Cleopatra is
00:19:20
that she was buried
in a temple of Isis.
00:19:24
So it could be a perfect place
for Cleopatra's lost tomb.
00:19:31
NARRATOR: But who was
Isis, and how is she
connected to Cleopatra?
00:19:43
380 miles south
of Taposiris Magna on the
banks of the river Nile,
00:19:49
parts of this vast temple
site are dedicated to Isis,
00:19:53
who was a well-loved
Egyptian goddess in
00:19:56
Cleopatra's time.
00:20:00
It's here
that Dr. Colleen Darnell
continues her own search for
00:20:05
clues to Cleopatra's life,
written in the hieroglyphs.
00:20:11
COLLEEN: We're walking
to the temple at Dendera,
and one of the most
00:20:14
significant scenes here is
a depiction of Cleopatra.
00:20:27
NARRATOR:
The temple was first
built 2,000-years ago and
00:20:30
became a major
place of worship for
ordinary Egyptians.
00:20:36
Through the centuries,
00:20:37
a succession
of pharaohs carved their
names and images here so
00:20:41
they could be worshipped,
including Cleopatra.
00:20:49
COLLEEN: So the title here
is lord of the two lands,
00:20:52
referring to Upper and
Lower Egypt, Cleo-pat-ra.
00:20:58
NARRATOR: Cleopatra
made a shrewd decision;
on the temple she wears
00:21:02
the symbolic headdress of Isis.
00:21:06
COLLEEN: Here we see the
famous representation of
Cleopatra as Goddess Isis.
00:21:12
Here we have Cleopatra
and her son Caesarion.
00:21:16
So Cleopatra has a long wig,
00:21:19
the horns and sun disk, and
ostrich feathers behind that.
00:21:24
NARRATOR: Cleopatra
wanted to be seen by
her subjects as the earthly
00:21:28
incarnation of Isis.
00:21:31
She was making a
profound connection with
one of the most popular
00:21:35
goddesses of the time.
00:21:39
Isis was famed for
her powers of healing and
protection and was adored by
00:21:45
both Egyptians and Greeks.
00:21:49
By immortalizing herself
as Isis on the temple wall,
Cleopatra hoped to keep the
00:21:55
full support and love of
her people, and it worked.
00:22:03
COLLEEN: For Cleopatra
to step into the role of
Isis really proclaimed her
00:22:07
identity as divine ruler.
00:22:16
NARRATOR: At Taposiris Magna,
00:22:18
Kathleen thinks
Cleopatra's Isis
connection could mean
00:22:21
she's buried somewhere
beneath the temple.
00:22:25
Now, the team is pumping
out the water from the
flooded underground tunnels,
00:22:30
but it's going to take a
while before she can explore.
00:22:33
KATHLEEN: It's working.
00:22:36
Alhamdulillah.
00:22:38
It's a big relief
to see it working.
00:22:41
Imagine, today or
tomorrow we, we're going
to be able to, to explore.
00:22:46
It's so exciting!
00:22:48
NARRATOR: Kathleen believes
Cleopatra could be buried
in an underground chamber,
00:22:52
and the tunnels
could lead her to it.
00:22:55
She originally found
the location of the shaft
using radar technology,
00:22:59
but with the potential
for a huge discovery
just feet away,
00:23:03
she has brought
in more sensitive
00:23:05
military-grade equipment to
look deeper into the rock.
00:23:08
KATHLEEN: For me the
future of the excavation is
ground-penetrating radar.
00:23:13
It's a technology that was
used for military purposes,
searching for tunnels and
00:23:17
searching for cavities, and
this technology is perfect
for what I am looking for.
00:23:24
So we, we can work here,
make a profile here?
00:23:29
NARRATOR: As they move
the radar scanner along,
it fires radio wave pulses
00:23:34
into the ground.
00:23:40
MAN: So here we are going about,
about 15 meter depth.
00:23:44
NARRATOR: The data from
the scan will have to be
sent away for analysis.
00:23:49
It should reveal any hollow
cavities hidden underground,
00:23:53
and possibly even the location
00:23:55
of Cleopatra's burial chamber.
00:23:58
KATHLEEN: I always, you
know, so excited about this.
00:24:04
NARRATOR: Back at the
excavation site, everything
is resting on the team pumping
00:24:08
the water from the
underground tunnels.
00:24:18
NARRATOR: While work
continues at the dig,
00:24:20
in Cairo,
00:24:22
Kathleen is attending an
important event.
00:24:26
WOMAN: It's nice.
00:24:27
KATHLEEN: It,
what do you think?
00:24:29
WOMAN: It's nice, oh my God!
00:24:31
NARRATOR: At the Egyptian
Museum, hundreds of Kathleen's
finds have been chosen
00:24:35
to go on display
for the very first time.
00:24:39
They all come from her
site at Taposiris Magna,
00:24:42
unearthed over ten
years of excavation.
00:24:46
Kathleen believes
each piece adds further weight
to her theory that Cleopatra
00:24:51
could be buried there.
00:24:53
KATHLEEN: We, we discover
around 200 coins.
00:24:57
For example, this is a
coin of Queen Cleopatra.
00:25:04
Can you imagine that I've been
searching for Queen Cleopatra
and this is the first time I
00:25:08
was face to face with my
heroine, it was a moment
so exciting in excavation.
00:25:15
Yes, we are going
to change this one.
00:25:17
WOMAN: This one?
I get it.
00:25:19
KATHLEEN: For this one, yes.
00:25:21
I was thinking now,
when I was a kid in the
Dominican Republic and
00:25:25
I dream one day to
make discoveries in Egypt,
00:25:31
and everybody in Dominican,
00:25:33
my teachers, my parents,
told me this will never happen,
00:25:37
and now we are
presenting 350 objects.
00:25:52
NARRATOR: For
someone who started as
an amateur archaeologist,
00:25:55
Kathleen now has the eyes of
the world looking at her finds.
00:26:01
KATHLEEN: We had a
desire to change history.
00:26:04
It's one of the greatest
moments in my life.
00:26:09
Of course, the exhibition,
it's only a presentation
of work, but the real work,
00:26:15
the one we're really excited
about, is to be onsite and,
and continue searching.
00:26:25
NARRATOR: Back at
the dig site, there's a
problem with the water pump.
00:26:35
KATHLEEN: Mohamed,
what happened?
00:26:40
KATHLEEN: Cut?
MOHAMED Cut, yeah.
00:26:42
KATHLEEN: It's
not working now?
00:26:46
KATHLEEN: Can you imagine
after all this effort
now there's no electricity
00:26:49
in the area, and only a
few hours left today and next,
00:26:54
and tomorrow, that's it.
00:26:57
NARRATOR: Kathleen's
government permit to
dig at the site only lasts
00:27:01
for one more day.
00:27:03
She's now racing against
the clock to explore
the underground tunnels.
00:27:08
KATHLEEN: We face so many
challenges, but we don't,
we, we never give up.
00:27:24
NARRATOR: At the
4,000-year old necropolis
of Qubbet el-Hawa...
00:27:29
(speaking in native language).
00:27:30
NARRATOR: Alejandro's
team has unearthed a very
rare death mask made of a
00:27:34
material called cartonnage.
00:27:37
He hopes the mask will
tell him the name of the
person buried in the tomb,
00:27:42
but decoding the hieroglyphs
is proving difficult.
00:27:47
ALEJANDRO: I cannot
read properly the,
the, all the signs.
00:27:51
It will be
better to do it after the
consolidation and cleaning.
00:27:58
NARRATOR: Alejandro's
team has started
the painstaking process of
00:28:01
extracting the mask.
00:28:05
Their job is made even
harder because it's embedded
00:28:08
under the bones of its owner.
00:28:10
ALEJANDRO: It's quite a
delicate moment because we
have human remains that are
00:28:17
touching and we don't want
to destroy the cartonnage.
00:28:23
MARTINA: They are taking
off the cartonnage.
00:28:28
NARRATOR: The ancient
mask is carefully removed,
00:28:31
but comes out in
several parts, held
together with resin and
00:28:34
paper to prevent
any further damage.
00:28:38
MARTINA: It is really amazing.
00:28:40
(speaking in native language).
00:28:43
And I'm simply now checking
if there was name or not.
00:28:46
Yes, there are
more hieroglyphs.
00:28:50
ALEJANDRO: Here is
the name, it's for the
soul of Seti Hacaib a Inet.
00:28:58
NARRATOR: Alejandro
can now put a name
to the unknown body,
00:29:02
but he still doesn't
know the persons job,
or role in society.
00:29:06
ALEJANDRO: We have
now to look in the, in
the publications to see
00:29:10
if we have any reference
in the neighborhood or
in other documents,
00:29:15
and but it, it's amazing.
00:29:19
NARRATOR: The death mask
is now taken to their on-site
lab for further analysis.
00:29:24
The team will try to
piece it back together
like a jigsaw puzzle.
00:29:29
There could still be more
secrets to be revealed
about this mysterious man.
00:29:38
In Aswan, on the
other side of the site,
Alejandro has unearthed
00:29:42
several mummies still intact.
00:29:46
He's searching for
clues to their identity,
which may lie hidden within
00:29:50
the ancient bandages,
00:29:52
but to keep
them intact archaeologists
are no longer allowed to
00:29:56
open up the wrappings.
00:29:59
ALEJANDRO: 100 years
ago it was common just
to cut the wrappings.
00:30:03
Today we are lucky to
have non-invasive techniques,
and the idea is that we are
00:30:10
going to take to the university
hospital in Aswan where they
have very good CT scans.
00:30:20
NARRATOR: By scanning the
bodies, Alejandro hopes to
examine how they died, and
00:30:25
also to see if
there are any funerary
objects hidden inside.
00:30:30
ALEJANDRO: We have the
possibility that he could have
a dagger or a metal object
00:30:34
inside, we could confirm
the age of death, if he
suffer any kind of disease.
00:30:42
Definitely the CT scan will
tell us a lot of information.
00:30:52
NARRATOR: In the Valley of
the Kings, John and Colleen
Darnell continue their search
00:30:56
for clues to Cleopatra's
life and untimely death.
00:31:02
Deep in the tomb of Pharaoh
Seti I the first, they're
examining inscriptions that
00:31:07
could shed light on
how Cleopatra chose
to commit suicide.
00:31:22
The tombs of the
Valley of the Kings were
00:31:24
built during a golden age
in Egyptian civilization.
00:31:29
Treasures and
decorations reveal
the symbolism that played
00:31:32
a key role in
their belief system.
00:31:35
The tomb of Pharaoh
Seti the first lies in the
southeast of the Valley,
00:31:41
it's the deepest and most
widely decorated.
00:31:44
Painted on its walls
are images of gods and
goddesses who lay at the
00:31:49
heart of Egyptian society.
00:31:52
Forming a belief
system that continued
until Cleopatra's time.
00:32:00
COLLEEN: Here deep in
the tomb of Seti I we
see a fantastic depiction of
00:32:04
the goddess Wadjet,
00:32:06
she's labelled here in
the hieroglyphs and she
is the cobra who sits on the
00:32:10
brow of the king.
00:32:12
NARRATOR: Wadjet was
the protector of Egypt
and of its pharaohs.
00:32:16
She often took the form
of a snake, usually
an Egyptian cobra.
00:32:21
Legend has it that Cleopatra
killed herself with the
bite of a venomous snake
00:32:26
when trapped by the
invading Roman army.
00:32:30
COLLEEN: This depiction is
over 1,000 years before the
suicide of Cleopatra, and the
00:32:35
fact that she chooses
this ancient symbol of the
pharaohs, the asp, the cobra,
00:32:40
to commit suicide,
she's taking the
ultimate royal symbol,
00:32:45
she wants to be linked in
to the earlier, the deep,
ancient past of Egypt.
00:32:52
NARRATOR: Cleopatra,
through her life and death,
00:32:55
was obsessed with the
traditions of ancient Egypt.
00:33:02
At Taposiris Magna,
Kathleen believes she's
getting ever closer to
00:33:07
finding Cleopatra's lost tomb.
00:33:11
As the dig season is
coming to an end, she's
desperate to see if the
00:33:14
underground tunnels lead to
a burial chamber.
00:33:19
KATHLEEN: Is it working?
00:33:23
NARRATOR: Her team
has now been pumping
out water for two days,
00:33:27
but power cuts have
severely hindered progress.
00:33:34
KATHLEEN: Maybe we, we can,
I can go down and try to
see and I will explore.
00:33:43
MAN: Shall we start?
00:33:45
KATHLEEN: Uh-huh.
I am ready.
00:33:52
Okay.
00:33:54
MAN: Bye bye.
00:34:10
NARRATOR: This is the
first time Kathleen has been
able to explore the tunnels.
00:34:19
NARRATOR: She starts
with the one leading
away from the temple.
00:34:50
NARRATOR: With the
way forward still flooded
Kathleen has to turn back.
00:34:55
She now explores
the second tunnel.
00:35:44
NARRATOR: These
tunnels would have taken
months or even years to
00:35:46
carve out by hand.
00:35:49
KATHLEEN: Uh! Alhamdulillah.
00:35:52
MAN: Hamdulillah.
00:35:53
NARRATOR: Kathleen
believes they must lead
somewhere important.
00:35:56
KATHLEEN: It was incredible.
00:36:00
Now we know a lot about
this shaft, unfortunately
we could not see the
00:36:07
end of this tunnel,
there was a lot of water.
00:36:11
NARRATOR: With her
permit about to expire,
Kathleen's excavation must
00:36:14
come to an end,
00:36:16
but there is still a
chance that the data from
the ground-penetrating
00:36:19
radar might reveal if the
tunnels lead to a tomb.
00:36:24
KATHLEEN: Now we are
waiting for the GPR results,
00:36:28
so I have to be
patient and, and wait.
00:36:42
NARRATOR: In Aswan,
Alejandro is preparing
for a night-time mission.
00:36:47
He's about to transport six
ancient mummies across the
city to a local hospital.
00:36:53
He's arranged to use
their medical scanner
after hours to see what may
00:36:57
lie hidden inside
these ancient bodies.
00:37:06
NARRATOR: For security,
a police escort
joins the convoy.
00:37:20
To try to know something
about how they were buried,
00:37:27
the pathologies,
the possible diseases
that they suffer,
00:37:30
the cause of death, gender, age.
00:37:33
NARRATOR: The C-T
scanner should be able to
see through the wrappings
00:37:36
to the bones below,
00:37:38
but Alejandro is still
worried about damaging
the fragile remains.
00:37:43
ALEJANDRO: Mummies
are very delicate,
00:37:45
so you have to
think that they,
they have been wrapped
00:37:49
more than 2,000 years ago,
00:37:52
so they might
suffer damages.
00:37:55
Well, let's go.
00:38:00
Hello?
00:38:01
Inshallah.
00:38:03
We, yeah, yeah, yeah,
we, we will arrive in five,
ten minutes maximum, okay?
00:38:08
Ooph.
00:38:11
We have to, to take
this opportunity to get as
much information as possible,
00:38:16
so we will see.
00:38:22
NARRATOR: Alejandro's
night-time activities have
attracted the attention
00:38:26
of the local press.
00:38:29
ALEJANDRO: I will ask
to the journalists please
to leave to the specialists
00:38:34
to make their work.
00:38:36
MAN: Please, which one we
will start now, which one?
00:38:38
ALEJANDRO: Yeah, this one.
00:38:40
MAN: Thank you, okay.
00:38:43
You're ready?
00:38:44
ALEJANDRO: Yes.
00:38:46
NARRATOR: The mummies
are wrapped in cloth for added
protection inside the scanner.
00:38:52
It works by taking
a series of x-rays at
different angles to create
00:38:56
a three-dimensional
image of the body.
00:39:02
ALEJANDRO: We are
just checking if the
scan was done right.
00:39:06
NARRATOR: So far, very little
is known about these mummies,
00:39:10
like how they died,
and whether they were
old or young.
00:39:13
Alejandro is
trying to piece
together their identities,
00:39:17
hoping to discover
any new clues to make
sense of their lives,
00:39:21
and ultimately,
their deaths.
00:39:26
The first analysis
of the body shows that he
was over 60 when he died.
00:39:32
So now I have to choose
who is going to be the next.
00:39:36
Okay? Let's go.
00:39:43
Well, now we have
something very interesting.
00:39:48
Interpreted that the mummy
was going to be a man, but
it seems that it is a woman.
00:39:54
We didn't, we
didn't expect that.
00:40:00
NARRATOR: As the final
body enters the scanner,
00:40:03
the archaeologists
spot something amazing.
00:40:09
WOMAN: Si.
00:40:11
ALEJANDRO: We have amulets.
00:40:13
Together with the scarab,
a wing, winged scarab.
00:40:18
MAN: Sign of Horus.
00:40:19
ALEJANDRO: Ah-ha.
00:40:21
(speaking in native language).
00:40:23
NARRATOR: The scan reveals
an elaborate carved amulet in
the shape of a scarab beetle.
00:40:29
Funerary amulets were often
used by the elite to protect
the soul of the deceased,
00:40:35
and the scarab beetle
symbolized rebirth.
00:40:41
The scarab was placed
over the position of the
heart and often had spells
00:40:45
written on it.
00:40:48
These spells gave
instructions to the person's
heart to help them during the
00:40:52
judgement of their soul.
00:40:58
ALEJANDRO: It's the first time
that I can see them in the,
in the position in,
00:41:04
in its position in the
body, so, exciting.
00:41:08
NARRATOR: Out of the
nine mummies Alejandro's
team have scanned,
00:41:12
this is the only one to
have an amulet still
in its original position.
00:41:17
With such a precious
find, Alejandro can wrap
up his night on a high.
00:41:23
ALEJANDRO: Now it's 12:00 and,
hmm, I'm completely exhausted.
00:41:33
Thank you.
00:41:38
NARRATOR: At Taposiris Magna,
00:41:40
Kathleen has received
news about her radar
search for Cleopatra's tomb.
00:41:45
KATHLEEN: Today is the
last day and the people which
are doing the, the radar,
00:41:49
they're bringing the result and
they just told me,
00:41:53
"We have great news for you."
00:42:01
So tell me what is
the good news we have?
00:42:14
KATHLEEN: Possible chamber?
MAN: Yes.
00:42:17
KATHLEEN: Wow.
MAN: Yes.
KATHLEEN: I'm going to cry.
00:42:22
Really, I'm trying to,
I'm so happy.
00:42:27
It could be anything buried
there but I feel it's,
it's what I'm looking for.
00:42:34
NARRATOR: Kathleen's scans
reveal a thirty-foot-wide
cavity directly beneath the
00:42:39
entrance to the temple.
00:42:42
It would have taken ancient
workers a monumental effort to
build, and if it's a tomb it
00:42:49
must be the tomb of
someone important.
00:42:55
This could be the perfect
hiding place for the last
queen of Egypt, Cleopatra.
00:43:02
The tomb could hold her
royal treasures, and its
discovery would be one of
00:43:06
the greatest finds in the
history of archaeology.
00:43:12
KATHLEEN: So the
room is big, and this...
00:43:14
MAN: Ten meters.
KATHLEEN: Ten meters long? Wow.
MAN: Yeah.
00:43:20
NARRATOR: For Kathleen,
Cleopatra's lost tomb could
now be within her grasp.
00:43:26
KATHLEEN: I'm just really
excited and I'm touched.
00:43:30
This is something that is
really important, precious,
something very precious they
00:43:33
tried to hide there.
00:43:35
So I think this is the
final stage of my search.
00:43:42
NARRATOR: It's been
an incredible season for
Kathleen and her workers,
00:43:46
but with her
permit now expired,
00:43:48
she must secure the
site and continue her search
for the chamber next year.
00:43:54
KATHLEEN: Next season
I will come back.
00:43:56
This is the moment
that I was waiting for.
00:44:01
Now I know exactly
where to continue.
00:44:10
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