French Revolution Estates General

00:03:00
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PEexLPrf7Js

Resumen

TLDRThe video outlines the events leading up to the French Revolution, focusing on the Estates General and the role of Maximilien Robespierre. It explains the structure of the Estates, where the First and Second Estates represented only 3% of the population, while the Third Estate represented 97%. Robespierre, a lawyer for the Third Estate, advocated for fair representation and taxation. The video highlights the Tennis Court Oath, where deputies vowed to create a new constitution after being locked out of their meeting, symbolizing a significant shift in power dynamics in France.

Para llevar

  • 🏛️ The Estates General was called after 175 years.
  • ⚖️ The Third Estate represented 97% of the population but had only one-third of the deputies.
  • 📜 Robespierre fought for fair representation and taxation for the Third Estate.
  • 🔒 The Tennis Court Oath marked a pivotal moment in the French Revolution.
  • ✊ The deputies declared themselves the National Assembly, representing the true voice of the people.

Cronología

  • 00:00:00 - 00:03:00

    In a time of fiscal crisis, Necker urges Louie to convene the Estates General, the first assembly of its kind in 175 years. France's political structure is divided into three estates: the clergy (1st estate), the nobility (2nd estate), and the common people (3rd estate), with the latter comprising 97% of the population yet holding only one-third of the representation. This imbalance leads to widespread discontent among the Third Estate. On May 4, 1789, Maximilien Robespierre, a young lawyer and politician, arrives at Versailles as a deputy for the Third Estate, advocating for fair representation. He is well-educated and influenced by Enlightenment ideas, which he aims to incorporate into his legal practice. As tensions rise, Robespierre and his colleagues demand that the nobility and clergy pay taxes, but King Louie feels threatened by their radicalism. On June 20, after a deadlock, the deputies find the doors to their meeting locked, leading them to gather in a nearby tennis court. There, they take the Tennis Court Oath, vowing to not disband until a new constitution is established, marking a pivotal moment in the French Revolution as they assert their power against the monarchy.

Mapa mental

Vídeo de preguntas y respuestas

  • What was the Estates General?

    The Estates General was a traditional representative body in France, consisting of three estates: the clergy, the nobility, and the common people.

  • Who was Maximilien Robespierre?

    Maximilien Robespierre was a skilled lawyer and politician who represented the Third Estate and fought for fair representation and rights for the common people.

  • What was the Tennis Court Oath?

    The Tennis Court Oath was a pivotal event where deputies of the Third Estate vowed not to disband until a new constitution was established.

  • Why did the Third Estate feel underrepresented?

    The Third Estate, comprising 97% of the population, only had one-third of the deputies, leading to feelings of unfairness in representation.

  • What did the deputies demand at the Estates General?

    The deputies demanded that the nobility and clergy pay taxes, reflecting the growing radicalism of the Third Estate.

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Subtítulos
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Desplazamiento automático:
  • 00:00:00
    the nation in fiscal crisis neker urges
  • 00:00:03
    Louie to call a meeting of the
  • 00:00:04
    traditional representative body of the
  • 00:00:06
    Kingdom the Estates
  • 00:00:09
    General it is the first time the
  • 00:00:11
    representatives have been called
  • 00:00:13
    together in 175
  • 00:00:16
    years France was politically organized
  • 00:00:18
    in something called the Estates the
  • 00:00:20
    first estate was the clergy the second
  • 00:00:22
    estate was the nobility and the Third
  • 00:00:24
    Estate was everyone else and by uh
  • 00:00:27
    contemporary Reckoning the first two
  • 00:00:30
    Estates occupied 3% of the population
  • 00:00:33
    and the Third Estate 97% of the
  • 00:00:35
    population a lot of people felt it was
  • 00:00:36
    very unfair for this Third Estate which
  • 00:00:38
    was most of the population to only have
  • 00:00:40
    onethird of the deputies they felt it
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    was very unfair that this should be a
  • 00:00:43
    three chamber Parliament where two
  • 00:00:46
    Chambers the nobility and the clergy
  • 00:00:47
    could always outvote the commoners May
  • 00:00:50
    4th
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    1789 a skilled young lawyer and
  • 00:00:54
    politician arrives at
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    versailes maximilan robes Pierre comes
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    to stand before the Estates General as a
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    deputy to fight for a fair voice for the
  • 00:01:05
    people he represents the Third
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    Estate an orphan from the provinces robs
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    Pierre had risen to academic prominence
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    on a prestigious scholarship becoming an
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    eloquent speaker Prim in appearance with
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    never a hair nor a phrase out of
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    place back home in the small town of
  • 00:01:27
    Aras the Enlightenment ideas he had
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    absorbed in the salons of Paris found a
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    powerful voice as he became a HomeTown
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    lawyer for the
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    downtrod by the time he went back and
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    started to practice as a lawyer he was
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    reading very widely in the Enlightenment
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    and robir was someone who when he was
  • 00:01:44
    practicing law and AAS tried to actually
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    bring the ideas of the Enlightenment
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    into the cases he was
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    fighting at the Estates General Rose
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    Pierre and his colleagues are demanding
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    that the nobility and clergy pay taxes
  • 00:01:57
    but Louie feels increasingly threatened
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    by the growing radicalism of the Third
  • 00:02:02
    Estate then on June 20th after a 6- we
  • 00:02:05
    deadlock the deputies ared to find that
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    they are being silenced on June 20th
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    when the deputies come to their meeting
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    and find the doors locked they suspect a
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    plot they move next door to what we call
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    a tennis court which was really a
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    handball court and gather together and
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    swear they will not stop meeting until
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    they have a new
  • 00:02:28
    constitution the deputies declare
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    themselves a new National Assembly the
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    true representatives of the people of
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    France the Tennis Court Oath is one of
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    these great symbolic moments in the
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    history of the French Revolution you had
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    these people assembled in this great
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    open space of the tennis court raising
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    their arms in this sort of Quasi Roman
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    salute and for the National Assembly
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    this was a moment when they realized
  • 00:02:53
    something of their power and their
  • 00:02:54
    dignity and saw that they really could
  • 00:02:57
    defy Francis King
Etiquetas
  • Estates General
  • Maximilien Robespierre
  • Third Estate
  • Tennis Court Oath
  • French Revolution
  • Clergy
  • Nobility
  • Constitution
  • Representation
  • Taxation