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hi good day so my name is jd and i will
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be your teacher for science technology
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and society
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and that is the intellectual and
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scientific revolutions
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ancient asian scientific and
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intellectual revolution so we're already
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done discussing the
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um african intellectual revolution
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we're also done discussing the uh
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mesoamerican intellectual revolution and
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we're also then discussing the
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middle east intellectual revolution
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asian intellectual revolutions now
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let's start so asian intellectual
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revolution the sleeping giant so back at
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the sleeping giant
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no uh i have here a clip
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of a uh trailer
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from a fantasy a movie portraying
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uh and a certain uh asian civilization
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ancient asian civilization and that is
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the movie the great wall
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uh this this was showed in 2016. so
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let's
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watch okay
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so uh if you noticed
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uh in the previous discussions when we
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started
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entering uh intellectual and scientific
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revolutions
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society not involved
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clip video clip
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by shakira uh dawn's
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african intellectual revolution
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2012
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chapter where we discuss about
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mesoamerica
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and then last episode or last a
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video before this i showed a clip
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on the uh prince of persia the movie
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prince of persia
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for the um middle eastern intellectual
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revolutions
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now you know
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an unclip now moving a sleeping giant
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and the great wall and 2016 to show the
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asian intellectual revolution
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now what is the reason behind that the
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reason behind that is because
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i want to show you that the music we
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have
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the music that we have the culture that
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we have
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today the movies that we have are all
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influenced by
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uh historical or ancient scientific
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and uh technological practices or
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beliefs
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by the ancient people okay so that's the
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reason why
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sodito is a sleeping giant no
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uh the great they said that they were
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searching for a weapon
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they were actually actually referring to
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the gun powder
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because gunpowder was discovered or was
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developed by the ancient
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chinese civilization so asia is a very
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large continent
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and technology i discuss
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middle eastern civilization separate to
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asian civilization because the middle
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eastern civilization
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has a very large contribution to science
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and technology
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but
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uh this was very concentrated to their
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belief also no specific kusilandinis
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now asia is a big continent
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filled with rich culture and science
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[Music]
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practices
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as you can see there are a lot of rivers
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this actually shows that
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discussions african intellectual
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revolution
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that the ancient africa started near the
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nile river or
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along the nile river because cultures
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know
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we also believe that many people believe
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that rivers represent the flow of life
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because reverse supported
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life no but this also shows the
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hydraulic civilization of china if you
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remember our previous discussion that
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the uh that asian china has
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a similarity with that
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of the engineering discussion
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discussions uh engineering
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engineers chapter one wherein we discuss
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about uh the
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hydraulic engineering
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aqueducts aroma as a roman empire in
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order to channel
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water across the civilization
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ancient china so they just have to
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manage
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or to understand on manipulating
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what manipulating the uh hydraulics of
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water
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okay so the shia dynasty supported the
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different astronomical researches to
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create more accurate calendars
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so that's from 402 to bce 400 bce to the
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to zero bce
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or along the year
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no they measured the length of the solar
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year
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they came up with 365.25 days
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almost similar to that of the egyptian
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civilization
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they also predicted eclipses recorded
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supernovas and sunspots and even
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founded the bureau of astronomy they
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also
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determined 26 thousand year cycle of
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precision of equinoxes
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now if you remember our uh i mentioned
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during the
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discussion on the uh natural
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philosophers
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nelson wherein i stated that
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the moon of the sun dayal was actually
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being used
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of use by the uh ancient
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asian civilization even before the
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greeks
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started to use it the shah dynasty was a
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peak
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of astronomy during this time
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so i don't know is a picture no
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what do you see in the map um
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the ancient chinese civilization believe
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that the cosmological
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cosmos or the cosmos the universe no
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rotates uh around
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the middle earth or the
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central kingdom or the middle kingdom
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and they believe that the middle kingdom
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is china itself they believe that the
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world revolves around china
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egyptians believes that pharaohs are
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representations or liasons to the gods
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and they also believe that here in
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ancient chinese civilization that the
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emperors
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are representations of their deities
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so they believe that their emperors are
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uh gods
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the dragon throne no
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now one of the most known chinese
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philosopher
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is confucius so second view
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first is importance of tradition
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etiquette
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respect to elders patriarchs and he also
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focuses on
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orderly human or world now because
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he believes in the orderly human world
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or orderly human
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system
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state exams
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examinations but before a certain person
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not be part of an office have an office
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position
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he or she
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he must have the qualifications
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he or she can have must have these
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qualifications
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because they want he wants or he
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promotes order
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but then again uh during this time this
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was
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during the time of confucius it was not
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the time
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of the height of science and technology
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this was the time of the height of
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philosophy
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of arts but the height of science and
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technology actually start during the
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song dynasty
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okay in the 8th century chinese started
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cultivating
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rice or canaan do you say the biopsy be
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nothing rice
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all asians know knows how to cook
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rice or in all asians how to uh to cook
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to eat rice also no but in the 8th
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century
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uh the ancient chinese civilization
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already started cultivating rice
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1012 during the time of song dynasty
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introduced
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and agricultural techniques on
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preservations no
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agricultural techniques on preservation
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techniques
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they are very known in rice cultivation
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and we have different techniques on how
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we cultivate
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rice as well but somehow
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technique is cultivating rice with
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faster production and with less water
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inventions ancient chinese civilizations
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and contributions of the asian
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civilization or the mesoamerican
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civilization
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or the african civilization so i'm just
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discussing the historical aspects okay
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first one is the rice plow or the water
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lifting devices
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civilization korea japan they have
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high regard on clothing because
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what you wear what type of textile you
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wear represents your
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social stratification pina pakistan
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hunting umbrella gun powder which was
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being seeked a while ago as a weapon
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that
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is not
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that is indifferent from other weapons
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explosive devices
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explosive invention powder
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porcelain a porcelain or
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pottery pottery uh ancient chinese
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civilization
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influence then uh
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[Music]
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earthquake monitor paper
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money suspension bridges because they
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have a lot of rivers so they have
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they need to have a lot of bridges also
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and at this time the urbanization
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skyrocketed because science and
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technology is supported during this time
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but then again there is no specific
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person who ever
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invented these stuffs walang specific
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person but
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the uh it is credited to the song
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dynasty
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because urbanization skyrocketed it was
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the height
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of science and technology the ancient
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chinese civilization and the state
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supported
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arts and sciences this allowed them to
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have
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rich accounts of science and arts they
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made clocks mechanical models and
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heavenly bodies
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giant machine replicated the heavenly
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bodies and in 9th century they
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invented the gun powder but later
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harness
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it to its potential sodium
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they even made a large scale
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cosmos
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cosmological models okay
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pero ang flagship nila is actually not
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a flagship pillar is not their small
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scale inventions
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their flagship is their infrastructure
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infrastructure now before we proceed to
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discussing the infrastructure
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let's try to understand where it came
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from
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among ancient chinese civilization
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ventured on iron products in
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117 bce but during the time of song
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dynasty during 1078
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they produced a 125 tons of iron
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because they understood the science and
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chemical properties of iron and coal
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they did not rely only on its production
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they increased its production by
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understanding the science
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and chemical properties behind iron
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and coal so if you actually know this
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chinese actually influenced japanese and
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korean culture
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and we know that samurai swords are
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are hard swords than
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uh strong swords rather than other
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swords because of
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understanding the science behind it
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in addition to metallurgy
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no the ancient chinese civilization also
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ventured on hydraulic engineering
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because
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they have a lot of rivers so i have a
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question
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what is the greatest infrastructure of
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china
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great wall of china a great wall of
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china's innocent
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greatest infrastructure well
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maybe because it was really long it's a
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very long wall
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and a wide wall also and its purpose is
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for protection
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greatest infrastructure of ancient china
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that is most mechanical and has social
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uh relevance alain
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dynasty it stretched
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all across china allowing the production
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of trading faster
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this was considered to be the most
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economical infrastructure because
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they deliver goods nicaraguan mode of
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transportation
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exchange of knowledge exchange of
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trading across
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china this actually also showed
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no that china the ancient china is
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united and powerful
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because of the links made by the
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[Music]
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grand canals
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yeah this is a picture a painting which
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i actually got from one of the textbooks
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on
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ancient chinese civilization
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as you can see now river river
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river river river
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river and
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hydraulic engineering because they have
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to lift water
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they have to reduce the height of water
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as you can see merenting river saloon
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no city just like during the time of the
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roman empire they have to channel
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water across the city because water is
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very relevant
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water okay
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so during this time was also the time
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when during the chinese ancient chinese
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civilization
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hindi language advancement technology
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advancement
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methodology or hydraulic system but of
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course
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this was also the height of
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understanding the
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chinese medicine and there's a unified
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term when it comes to eastern
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medicine and that is called oriental
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medicine
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vaccinating asian medicine or eastern
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medicine that could be
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associated to oriental medicines okay
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oriental medicines are influenced by
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is influenced by the imbalances
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imbalance uh imbalances
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during the ancient chinese civilization
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that can only be cured
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by moving your chi yong uh
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chakra morgan or something like that now
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using
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certain oriental techniques like
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acupuncture acupressure
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herbal therapies exercise and
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prescription diets now
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acupuncture and acupressure do not
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actually have a scientific evidence you
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do not have a very strong scientific
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evidence
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there's a study in 2014 and 2013.
00:21:01
that's attempting to explain a western
00:21:04
scientific
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explanation i mean western scientific
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explanation
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trying to explain acupuncture and
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acupressure but they cannot explain
00:21:13
how it works but it works
00:21:19
example they're going to prick
00:21:23
to put a needle in your tip of finger
00:21:26
tip of your finger
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again acupuncture needle
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and it would affect a certain part of
00:21:32
your body that do not have a direct
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vein connection now how does that happen
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now even if there's no scientific black
00:21:42
scientific explanation
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using the western science it works
00:21:50
every culture has its own science even
00:21:53
philippines has its own science
00:21:55
different cultures all across the world
00:21:57
all across the globe
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has different scientific and
00:22:00
technological practices
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though it cannot be explained by western
00:22:05
civilization again
00:22:06
the western science is not the only
00:22:08
science
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okay there's also science in asia
00:22:14
although even if it's it cannot be
00:22:16
explained it works
00:22:18
herbal therapies uh like the ginseng tea
00:22:23
no uh exercise and of course
00:22:26
prescription diets what you eat is
00:22:29
actually uh uh
00:22:32
tells more about your health okay
00:22:36
that was his ancient time i don't know
00:22:38
now
00:22:40
another ancient chinese ancient asian
00:22:43
civilization that i want to talk about
00:22:45
is the ancient india
00:22:48
they also have a very complicated
00:22:51
metaphysical understanding
00:22:53
on the inseparable knowledge and
00:22:56
religious traditions
00:22:57
and focus on applications now they are
00:23:00
like the middle eastern civilization
00:23:04
yonkanilang science mathematics and
00:23:06
technology
00:23:08
are highly associated to their belief
00:23:10
system
00:23:15
highly associated to their belief system
00:23:18
and that is
00:23:19
functional that's why one of the best
00:23:21
engineering institutions can also be
00:23:23
found in
00:23:24
india
00:23:28
indians have a very high regard on veda
00:23:30
when you say veda this means
00:23:32
knowledge they were concerned on math
00:23:36
and astronomy but mostly concerned on
00:23:39
rituals
00:23:40
because again it's associated in their
00:23:43
faith and in their belief system
00:23:47
as well um
00:23:51
yeah if if you visit youtube
00:23:54
no you can actually see a lot of
00:23:58
uh tutorials created by our fellow
00:24:01
indians
00:24:02
because they value knowledge a lot and i
00:24:05
thank them because i was
00:24:06
i'm actually one of the students uh when
00:24:09
i was in college who visits their
00:24:11
science
00:24:14
indian civilization also has large
00:24:16
contribution to
00:24:18
understanding medicine during the gupta
00:24:21
dynasties
00:24:22
india they studied the science of life
00:24:25
now pakistan science of life this is
00:24:28
called
00:24:29
ayurveda ayurveda this also
00:24:32
included some of the principles of the
00:24:35
ancient chinese civilization
00:24:37
now one of the most regarded records
00:24:41
is the sharaka samita
00:24:44
sarakasamita or one of the
00:24:48
other sashmita or collections uh
00:24:51
that could help you memorize hundreds of
00:24:54
named
00:24:55
body parts so this samita
00:24:58
is actually uh an ayurvedic book
00:25:02
okay it's a book on science of life so
00:25:05
when you hear
00:25:06
ayurvedic practice ayurvedic
00:25:09
book these are related to the
00:25:12
ancient uh medicinal uh science of life
00:25:16
practices
00:25:16
during the ancient indian civilization
00:25:19
that are still being practiced today
00:25:21
some are still being practiced today
00:25:23
no because they work okay they work
00:25:28
and if you're familiar with chi such as
00:25:31
ancient chinese they also use chakra
00:25:35
no like in naruto they studied anatomy
00:25:39
and etiology what causes different
00:25:42
diseases they also focus
00:25:44
for children early or elderly diseases
00:25:48
mental illnesses organ diseases surgery
00:25:53
poison and antidotes and aphrodisiacs so
00:25:57
they have this different
00:25:59
uh
00:26:03
what they call this oriental medicines
00:26:04
also
00:26:06
and develop understanding of five karmas
00:26:09
or actions to remove toxins
00:26:12
if you're familiar with the five karmas
00:26:14
and
00:26:15
the ayurveda of science of life has also
00:26:18
largely
00:26:19
concerns on healthful living
00:26:22
in
00:26:26
ancient chinese civilization it's all
00:26:28
about hygiene
00:26:29
it's all about diet okay it's still
00:26:31
about hygiene and diet what you eat
00:26:34
and what you do no because what
00:26:38
we do every day actually reflects our
00:26:40
health
00:26:42
now generally asian intellectual
00:26:45
revolution has made a margin
00:26:47
on the large contribution of ancient
00:26:50
asian civilization
00:26:52
the large continents has contributed a
00:26:54
lot in the field of science and
00:26:55
technology
00:26:56
engineering culture arts and religion
00:27:00
so the ancient asian ancient asian
00:27:03
civilization did not only focus on
00:27:06
uh religion no but or culture or
00:27:10
arts but ancient asian civilization
00:27:14
has a very big contribution when it
00:27:19
comes to science
00:27:20
and technology now if you're wondering
00:27:24
i only limited again my discussion on
00:27:27
ancient
00:27:27
asian civilization asia is a very large
00:27:30
continent if we're going to discuss
00:27:33
each country it will take a lot
00:27:36
of years to discuss that
00:27:39
i only chose uh china and
00:27:42
in india because these are the countries
00:27:45
that has actually also
00:27:46
influence and has exchanged culture
00:27:49
evident exchange
00:27:50
culture with other neighboring asian
00:27:52
countries like
00:27:54
uh china's influence japan and
00:27:57
south japan japan and korea and has also
00:28:01
direct uh trading with other
00:28:04
southeast asian countries which we have
00:28:06
these certain cultures as well
00:28:09
and india has also done uh trading
00:28:13
of knowledge with the middle eastern
00:28:14
civilization with other neighboring
00:28:16
countries
00:28:17
around it also now if you also notice i
00:28:20
did not discuss
00:28:22
modern scientific revolutions
00:28:26
i only discuss ancient scientific
00:28:29
revolution because if we're going to
00:28:31
discuss
00:28:32
modern modern scientific revolutions
00:28:37
it will take us a lot of years to
00:28:39
discuss that
00:28:40
asian intellectual revolution has
00:28:42
revolutionized the world
00:28:44
by its inventions rich culture and
00:28:46
tradition
00:28:47
mathematical contributions and largely
00:28:51
an oriental medicine
00:28:52
which until now not even the modern
00:28:54
western medicine can explain
00:28:56
its effectivity madaming ancient
00:28:59
scientific practices
00:29:01
and ancient practices
00:29:04
uh scientific and technological
00:29:06
practices
00:29:10
until today that worked before
00:29:13
that still works today okay
00:29:17
so that's all of it
00:29:20
that's the end of my discussion on the
00:29:23
chapter two
00:29:24
of uh chapter two of science technology
00:29:29
and society and that is
00:29:31
intellectual and scientific revolution
00:29:34
so
00:29:37
um we already done discuss we're already
00:29:39
done discussing about the copernican
00:29:42
intellectual revolution
00:29:43
where it actually changed the way how we
00:29:46
view the world
00:29:47
the universe rather uh and the darwinian
00:29:50
intellectual revolution
00:29:52
where it actually tinkled our
00:29:55
uh triggered our mind on the thoughts
00:29:57
about life
00:29:59
and then the freudian intellectual
00:30:00
revolution where we discussed
00:30:02
about um where we discuss
00:30:05
about uh humans
00:30:08
about understanding the human behavior
00:30:12
and human attitude or human personality
00:30:24
and then after discussing these specific
00:30:27
scientific revolutions and intellectual
00:30:29
revolutions
00:30:30
we went to discussing society again
00:30:34
the the reason why i showed you i made
00:30:37
i showed you uh clips of a movie
00:30:41
i showed you clips of songs because
00:30:44
these songs and movies that we have now
00:30:48
are influenced by the culture and
00:30:50
society
00:30:51
that was before no like some ancient
00:30:54
african civilization
00:30:57
by shakira apart from doing the zumba
00:31:00
you realize that we're all african
00:31:02
because the
00:31:02
oldest ancient civilization started
00:31:05
along the nile river
00:31:07
and then we also discussed about the
00:31:09
mesoamerican intellectual revolution the
00:31:12
um 2012 song by jason
00:31:17
uh talking about the end or the
00:31:20
importance of time
00:31:22
or the importance or relevance of time
00:31:24
and then
00:31:26
we also discuss thirdly discuss about
00:31:29
the uh middle eastern civilization
00:31:32
the middle middle eastern civilization
00:31:35
is about
00:31:36
um i showed to you the clip of the
00:31:39
prince of persia okay
00:31:41
so the prince of persia actually depicts
00:31:44
a portion of understanding on the
00:31:47
middle eastern civilization and then
00:31:50
lastly is the great wall
00:31:52
uh which is a fantasy also
00:31:56
no but i want you to realize that
00:31:59
technology
00:32:00
that asia has actually if you're also
00:32:02
going to watch
00:32:03
the movie mortal engine engines this
00:32:06
zhang guo no that's that's a sci-fi
00:32:10
uh film talking about the ancient
00:32:14
uh uh talking about the futuristic sorry
00:32:17
futuristic
00:32:18
civilization where the a uh asian
00:32:20
civilization
00:32:22
flourished so just to
00:32:25
clarify something though yumanda
00:32:33
because intellectual and scientific
00:32:35
revolutions
00:32:36
is compounding and continuous as
00:32:40
what i have mentioned before that the
00:32:42
knowledge that we have now
00:32:45
your knowledge
00:32:54
of
00:33:04
revolution happens intellectual and
00:33:06
scientific revolution happens
00:33:08
arising knowledge would question an
00:33:11
existing knowledge
00:33:12
and if it's more rational no if it's
00:33:15
more rational
00:33:17
it will be accepted because if you
00:33:19
remember our previous discussion
00:33:22
about the copernican intellectual
00:33:23
revolution the pinner post natalie
00:33:25
aristar kuspero
00:33:26
walang naniwala because it was not
00:33:29
logical
00:33:30
and rational to the society at that time
00:33:33
and gained
00:33:41
okay because that is intellectual and
00:33:44
scientific revolution
00:33:45
because knowledge the direction of
00:33:47
knowledge is going up
00:33:48
knowledge is increasing okay
00:33:52
so that will be our discussion on
00:33:54
intellectual
00:33:56
and scientific revolutions should you
00:33:59
have any questions or clarifications
00:34:02
uh please feel free to email me so
00:34:04
that's the last
00:34:06
uh lesson for the chapter two
00:34:09
of the science technology and society
00:34:11
intellectual
00:34:12
and scientific revolutions is that uh
00:34:14
this is the last lesson of the chapter
00:34:16
two
00:34:17
the uh asian intellectual revolution so
00:34:20
we're done discussing
00:34:22
seven intellectual revolutions but these
00:34:24
are not the only intellectual
00:34:25
revolutions that we have
00:34:27
okay so i hope you learned a lot thank
00:34:29
you very much and we'll proceed to the
00:34:32
next chapter thank you