Sistem Pencernaan Manusia: Proses Pencernaan Pada Tubuh Manusia

00:05:28
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gvvB9POcVQ

Resumen

TLDRVideo ini menjelaskan proses pencernaan makanan dalam tubuh manusia, dimulai dari mulut hingga anus. Pipo dan Bol membahas setiap tahap pencernaan, termasuk peran esofagus, lambung, usus kecil, dan usus besar. Mereka menjelaskan bagaimana makanan dicerna secara mekanik dan kimiawi, serta peran enzim dan jus pencernaan. Setelah makanan dicerna, nutrisi diserap di usus kecil, sementara sisa makanan masuk ke usus besar untuk diolah menjadi feses. Di akhir video, mereka juga menyentuh tentang sakit perut dan berencana untuk membahasnya di video berikutnya.

Para llevar

  • 👄 Makanan masuk ke mulut dan kemudian ke esofagus.
  • 📏 Esofagus adalah saluran 20 cm yang menghubungkan mulut dan lambung.
  • 👜 Lambung adalah bagian paling elastis dari organ pencernaan.
  • 🔬 Pencernaan di lambung melibatkan enzim seperti pepsin dan HCl.
  • 📏 Usus kecil panjangnya 6-7 meter dan terdiri dari tiga bagian.
  • 🧪 Duodenum membantu pencernaan dengan bantuan enzim dari pankreas.
  • 💧 Bile membantu mencerna lemak di usus kecil.
  • 🦠 E. coli di usus besar membantu proses pembusukan sisa makanan.
  • 🚽 Rektum menyimpan feses sebelum dikeluarkan.
  • 🤔 Sakit perut bisa disebabkan oleh berbagai masalah pencernaan.

Cronología

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:28

    Pipo dan Bol membincangkan proses pencernaan makanan. Makanan memasuki esofagus, yang merupakan saluran 20 cm yang menghubungkan mulut ke perut. Di esofagus, peristalsis berlaku untuk mendorong makanan ke perut. Perut adalah bahagian paling elastik dalam sistem pencernaan, di mana pencernaan mekanikal dan kimia berlaku. Pencernaan mekanikal dilakukan oleh dinding perut, manakala pencernaan kimia dilakukan oleh jus gastrik yang mengandungi enzim seperti pepsin, renin, dan asid hidroklorik. Selepas perut, makanan bergerak ke usus kecil, yang merupakan usus terpanjang dalam sistem pencernaan, dengan panjang 6 hingga 7 meter. Usus kecil terdiri daripada tiga bahagian: duodenum, jejunum, dan ileum, yang masing-masing mempunyai fungsi tertentu dalam pencernaan dan penyerapan nutrien.

Mapa mental

Vídeo de preguntas y respuestas

  • Apa itu esofagus?

    Esofagus adalah saluran berbentuk tabung sepanjang 20 cm yang menghubungkan rongga mulut dengan lambung.

  • Apa fungsi lambung dalam pencernaan?

    Lambung melakukan pencernaan secara mekanik dan kimiawi, menggunakan enzim dan jus lambung.

  • Apa itu usus kecil?

    Usus kecil adalah bagian terpanjang dari saluran pencernaan, panjangnya mencapai 6 hingga 7 meter.

  • Apa peran enzim dalam pencernaan?

    Enzim membantu memecah makanan menjadi nutrisi yang dapat diserap oleh tubuh.

  • Apa yang terjadi setelah makanan dicerna?

    Makanan yang telah dicerna akan diserap di usus kecil dan sisa-sisa akan masuk ke usus besar.

  • Apa itu E. coli?

    E. coli adalah bakteri yang membantu proses pembusukan sisa makanan di usus besar.

  • Apa yang terjadi di rektum?

    Rektum berfungsi sebagai tempat penyimpanan sementara untuk feses sebelum dikeluarkan.

  • Apa penyebab sakit perut?

    Sakit perut dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk masalah pencernaan.

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Subtítulos
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Desplazamiento automático:
  • 00:00:00
    Hi, friends!
  • 00:00:02
    Pipo: Yesterday we already discussed the digestion of food from the mouth, right?
  • 00:00:06
    After the [food enters the] mouth,
  • 00:00:08
    our food is going to the esophagus
  • 00:00:10
    The esophagus is a tube-like channel 20 cm long that is connected between the oral cavity and the stomach
  • 00:00:19
    In the esophagus, peristalsis occurs
  • 00:00:23
    Which is the squeezing motion carried out by the esophagus to make the food be pushed into the stomach
  • 00:00:32
    Bol:That means the next destination is the stomach, right, Pipo?
  • 00:00:36
    Pipo: That's right, Bol
  • 00:00:37
    The stomach is the most elastic part of the human digestive organ
  • 00:00:42
    The stomach is shaped like a bag and is located in the upper left abdominal cavity
  • 00:00:48
    In the stomach, food undergoes digestion mechanically and chemically
  • 00:00:54
    Mechanical digestion is carried out by the stomach wall or muscles that squeeze and stir food
  • 00:01:01
    Chemical digestion is carried out by gastric juices produced by the gastric glands
  • 00:01:07
    Gastric juices contains 3 enzymes: pepsin, renin, hydrochloric acid (HCl)
  • 00:01:13
    Pepsin's function is to break down proteins into peptons
  • 00:01:18
    Renin's function is to precipitate milk protein into casein
  • 00:01:23
    Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is to acidify food and kill germs that comes with the food
  • 00:01:31
    Bol: After this, our food goes to toilet, huh? Hehe
  • 00:01:37
    Pipo: Ah... not yet, Bol
  • 00:01:39
    The food is digested in the small intestine first
  • 00:01:43
    The small intestine is the longest intestine in the digestive tract
  • 00:01:48
    because the length reaches 6 to 7 meters
  • 00:01:52
    In the small intestine there is a special fluid that helps improve food digestion
  • 00:01:58
    Oh yeah, small intestine consists of 3 parts, namely: the duodenum (12-finger intestine), jejunum (empty intestine) and ileum (absorption intestine) [the other terms in the bracket are rarely used in English]
  • 00:02:07
    Bol: What are their functions?
  • 00:02:09
    12-finger intestine or also called duodenum has a length of approximately 25 cm
  • 00:02:16
    The duodenum digests food with the help of pancreas and bile latex
  • 00:02:24
    Pancreatic acid is produced by the pancreas gland
  • 00:02:28
    Pancreatic acid contains the following enzymes:
  • 00:02:31
    Amylase converts starch (amilum) into sugar or glucose
  • 00:02:39
    Trypsin converts pepton into amino acids
  • 00:02:46
    Lipase converts fat into fatty acids (glycerol)
  • 00:02:52
    Meanwhile, bile is produced by the liver and gallbladder
  • 00:02:58
    Bile is for digesting fat
  • 00:03:02
    Next, the jejunum is located between the duodenum and ileum
  • 00:03:09
    Jejunum has a length of about 2.5 m and serves to digest food from the duodenum
  • 00:03:18
    Finally, the ileum is the place for absorbing food juices
  • 00:03:25
    On the entire surface of the wall, there are ends of blood vessels that absorb food juices,
  • 00:03:31
    then the juice is circulated through the bloodstream to all parts of the body
  • 00:03:38
    Bol: So the food we eat goes back into our body, huh?
  • 00:03:42
    Pipo: Yes, Bol!
  • 00:03:43
    After that, the remaining digested food continues into the large intestine
  • 00:03:48
    The large intestine's function is to absorb fluids, vitamins and minerals from the remnants of food that has been absorbed by the small intestine
  • 00:03:58
    In the large intestine, there are bacteria that are useful for the body called E. coli (Escherichia coli) which serves to help the process of spoilage of food scraps
  • 00:04:07
    The process of spoilage of food scraps will produce feces or feces which are then taken out through the anus
  • 00:04:15
    Bol: Oh, I see
  • 00:04:17
    What about heartburn? What caused it, Pipo?
  • 00:04:22
    Pipo: The last organ called the rectum is the tip of the estuary of the large intestine which functions as a temporary storage area for feces
  • 00:04:31
    When the rectum is filled with feces, the nerve will send a response to the brain that causes a feeling of defecation
  • 00:04:40
    The anus is the hole under the buttocks as the place where the feces comes out of the body
  • 00:04:47
    Bol: So that's how the digestion process in our body
  • 00:04:51
    Pipo: Yeah, Bol!
  • 00:04:53
    Bol: As delicious as the food I ate,
  • 00:04:56
    it will be thrown out again at the end
  • 00:04:59
    Pipo: Remember that there are also juices that spread the food into energy for our bodies though
  • 00:05:05
    Bol: That's true
  • 00:05:07
    Oh yeah, Pipo
  • 00:05:08
    Speaking of digestion, have you ever had a stomachache?
  • 00:05:11
    Pipo: Of course, Bol!
  • 00:05:13
    Bol: Why does our stomach hurt?
  • 00:05:15
    We'll discuss it together in our next video, okay, Bol?
Etiquetas
  • pencernaan
  • makanan
  • esofagus
  • lambung
  • usus kecil
  • usus besar
  • enzim
  • E. coli
  • rektum
  • sakit perut