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[Music]
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if you have all of these
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problems if you have no jobs for the
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filipinos because you don't have
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industries if you don't have
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positions for researchers scientists to
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stay
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and if you don't have good future what
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do you do
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just try and sit down in a corner no
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we are more positive than that
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now if you don't have those industries
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then the best way is to build those
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industries
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rather than importing technology all the
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time
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we can actually build the technologies
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here we can actually make the things
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here
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we can actually be starting filipino
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industries
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why are we not doing it
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but in the first place what is
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industrialization
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and what is national industrialization
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for that
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industrialization is actually about
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building the capability to make things
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okay essentially in more technical terms
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is having self-sufficiency
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in building capital goods now capital
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goods
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if there are economies around are
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really about having factories that will
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allow you to build other factories
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machines that will build
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other machines we don't have that
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we just import the machines if they
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break down we then we buy another one
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that's more often what happens in our
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industries
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and we don't have trains we import the
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trains they break down
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we buy new trains right we don't build
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the trains
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there are researchers that are actually
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building the trains but they're not
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connected together because there's no
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train
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building industry why don't we have
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training building industries
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because we don't have steel making
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industry
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etc and therefore that's the whole point
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of having
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industries here in the country one is
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not just
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because it will give you a modern and
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diversified
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industrial economy industrial meaning
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you can produce the things that you
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would be needing
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you will also secure livelihood because
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if you build the factories then
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you will need people to people to go
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into the factories and work
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they don't have to go to saudi anymore
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then you can satisfy basic needs
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probably not your ipad yet
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but if you ever would need a tractor if
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you're a
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farmer if you ever would need a small
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transportation truck if you would ever
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would need your clothes etc
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then we can produce those basic needs
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probably in the next few cycles we can
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build better products that's where your
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marketing people will come that's where
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your business people will come
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right and that's why we would need
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not just the scientists and engineers
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but all the other allied
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um professions that would fit into
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a healthy and diversified economy
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but the national world there is very
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important
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because right now china and the us is in
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a trade war
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u.s does not want anything from china
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the
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and would rather produce on their own
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china would
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ban u.s products and would want to
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produce in their own
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okay the whole
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context of producing for national needs
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or producing primarily
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for domestic production is the whole
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crux
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of the word national international
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industrialization
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but we can actually build for ourselves
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primarily
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it doesn't preclude any export but
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you produce primarily for your domestic
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consumption
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and the whole real uh way of
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trying to address what we need would be
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the whole
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context of this industrialization
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it's not just building your industries
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for industry safe
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it's building your industries for
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filipinos
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but you have we have to look into
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a longer term um
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valuation because that's how you would
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actually
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give um economic sense
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into what we're building
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now the best way to appreciate national
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industrialization
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is to look at what's happening right now
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we're exporting agricultural
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and agricultural and extractive raw
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materials
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we're just exporting raw and yet
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importing steel
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or exporting grains and yet you're
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buying
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bread meat processed for
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bread we we import a lot of
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things okay at the expense of cheaper
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exports
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and whenever you need something to buy
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usually you buy it finished already you
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buy a computer you buy
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a projector you buy a lcd screen you buy
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well not the chair probably they're
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making the chairs here
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but you buy the saw for the jet for
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making the chair
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even the hammer actually for the chairs
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will probably be important and therefore
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your finished goods already are coming
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in
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agricultural commodities and even
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capital is coming in
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as import zones
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plastics expert cool okay
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plastic covering why would you need
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those experts when you're already
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importing
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finished goods that's the reason why you
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don't have
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places for scientists why would a
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company hire somebody who's an expert
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in science or engineering when all the
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things that they would buy
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are already finished and need no
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research anymore
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and kung merun is
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that we will be just assembling or
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reassembling these things
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and probably this might have been
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assembled here in the philippines
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okay but export it as a whole not exp
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not
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sell it to you as a finished product
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do we really have basis for
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industrialization
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uh can we still make it well the
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nice thing about the philippines is that
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we have we really do have a
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comprehensive um
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natural resource space we have metals we
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have
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minerals we have energy and the
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mapa is all blue all there we have
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marine resources
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we're the center of the center of
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biodiversity we have
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all a lot we have a lot of those
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resources here but resources are just
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one part of the equation
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the other part is your forces of
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production your forces of production
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include your workers
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your patents professionals like you okay
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that includes scientists and
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technologies and if you have both of
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them
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we actually do have forces of production
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but we export it to saudi hong kong
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europe the u.s
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they don't have reason to go out anymore
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then
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probably we can actually build the
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industries here in the country
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if we ever do build a industrial policy
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how will it look like well one
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we have to have a public sector control
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of vital industries now the reason that
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medical industries include
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the basic industries that you would be
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needing like electricity water serve and
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other services transportation
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distribution etc
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now the reason here is this very simple
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suppose you have a production plant in
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methane for
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copper and you have a
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industrial plant somewhere in
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mindoro for copper tubing
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now how how would you transport
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okay those raw metal
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to your copper tubing plant if you do
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not really have control
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over the lines of transportation
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now does it mean you have to own it no
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not really
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you just have to have control let me
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give you a reason
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why control is important the best
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example is the mrt
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the mrt as you would know go from along
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edsa
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okay is a privately owned company the
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government sold its
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control and even if
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you have trains running with open doors
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and
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trains shutting down every station
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the government cannot force the company
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to operate
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correctly because it does not have
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control
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in 2007 there was a very big
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typhoon somewhere in marinduque and
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romblon and envy princess of the stars
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actually uh sat
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carrying it within several hundreds of
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people
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now the next day the marine authority
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actually shut down
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the owners
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all the ships of the owner of that of
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the every princess of the stars
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30 of all inter-island trading stock
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that means the control of that company
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is already one third of all inter island
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trade
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now we don't want such a situation
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that well that the owners of the
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shipping company
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would refuse to do industrial production
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so that's why you have to have control
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it doesn't have to be ownership
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you just have to have control and we
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don't really want big monopoly
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operations because it will be
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detrimental in the national interest
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the other one is an active or biased
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support for filipino
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firms this has been there since the
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1950s and nobody really
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seriously gave support for filipino
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firms always the mantra of neo-liberal
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thinkers in the government would be to
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invite
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more foreign um investment
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wait for china wait for the us wait for
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japan
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etc but nowhere do you hear
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i will give support for him or her
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filipino firms is that
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we cannot have industrial policy
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that will always be dependent from
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foreign
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investors they will never try to
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industrialize
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the country they have their industries
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at home
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they want to sell to you finished
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products and they will
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avoid doing this and if we want to have
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industrial filipino industrial
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companies then we have to give them
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tariff protection
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give them accessible credit that's
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exemptions
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government procurement would give
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priority to filipino firms
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and even build state enterprises the
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government itself built
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these enterprises we don't have that
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for 40 years we're always waiting for
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foreign investment even the build-build
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bid program
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of the government is waiting for foreign
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investment
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and foreign loans to do it we don't do
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it
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ourselves does that mean we don't want
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people
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i mean foreigners no not really what we
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don't want
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is the situation where we don't
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we're not at par with each other because
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right now
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even if the constitution 1987
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actually prohibits anything larger than
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60 percent ownership
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is being violated in the proposed
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federal constitution
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we don't see these limits anymore okay
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now what we want is real technology
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transfer if we have investors it doesn't
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really
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it's not bad to have foreign investors
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but
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we cannot depend on them to
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industrialize our country
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but if we do have foreign investors they
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have to leave their technology with us
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or else they can do what intel did the
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the chip maker
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they were here 1970s up to 1990s
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when they left they actually brought all
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their plants
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and my classmates with them so
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uh in malaysia so they did not leave any
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production
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chip production here they were producing
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chips in the country
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but when they left it and did not give
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anything
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okay
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can you still find these things
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in fact the nice thing of nice if you
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would want to call it nice
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thing about the the the
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the pork barrel issue is that we find
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some suddenly that we the government
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really have
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has money and in fact even right now we
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can see that
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the government the president can
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actually command several billions of
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pesos
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at his fingertips and therefore they can
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really
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if they just wanted to build
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the industries themselves the money is
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there
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right but
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well this was a um a
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research that you can find in the
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philippine journal of science
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but the guts there here are
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ngos some of the dots are also the
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congressmen and senators
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the thickness of the lines is the money
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that was given
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from one ngo to a congressman
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and the colors were automatically
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generated
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to find who gives to whom regularly
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so the community so the red ones well
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not the pink
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in this color the pink ones are the ones
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that were jailed okay some of them are
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out already
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but you know the yellow the blue the
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green
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the brighter yellow and even the red
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ones are still there and probably
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running
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this 2019.
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yeah okay
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well if you look at it how does how much
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is one
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power plant to produce 600 megawatts
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now 600 megawatts one unit cost is 45
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billion
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vessels okay we
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are actually using around 15 000
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gigawatt megawatts i'm sorry of
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electricity for the whole country
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okay now steel plant costs like that etc
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if you want to make chips computer chips
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then you would need around 46
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465 billion pesos
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now with the whole
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2017 budget you can actually build that
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of course you won't use
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your whole budget for it you can
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allocate five percent of your
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annual budget now if you look at it
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you can actually build these ones home
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making etc now
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five percent of your budget annual
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budget can build already around four
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uh power plants four power plant that's
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600 megawatts times four that's 1.2
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gigawatts you already have added 10
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to electricity capacity in the country
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you build steel plants the next year six
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years in
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then you can build around 2.8 or three
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steel plants
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that will produce five million tons per
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year
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about luzon could have one
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and then lrt you can actually have 56
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kilometers of line for five percent of
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your annual budget
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that will bring you lrt from here to the
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gupa
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santa 12 20 pesos dinner from assad
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a chipmaking company of course is very
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costly um
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you can wait several years to do it and
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other plants you can actually build
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tractors trucks etc
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with five percent three of those plants
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and you can build two of the largest
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two of equivalently of hanjin
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which is supposedly the largest asia uh
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ship making company in asia which is in
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subi
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which only gave around 80 billion pesos
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that's really quote unquote cheap for a
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3.7 trillion peso
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budget and therefore with 60 years you
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can actually build
00:19:22
build build and industrialize the
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country
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we don't see those things why because
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the policy is not there
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but what kind of industrialization do we
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need
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what do we prioritize the first one of
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course is to address the needs of the 70
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percent
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you have 70 of your people right now
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engaged in agriculture and
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they have a problem of course if they
00:19:51
don't have land so you have to have land
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reform
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okay not the land reforming morocco but
00:19:56
the land reform
00:19:58
that would really address the problem
00:20:01
of the monopoly of land the monopoly of
00:20:03
land meaning
00:20:04
the only a few people would actually own
00:20:08
hundreds of hectares of land holdings
00:20:11
in that are productive and therefore you
00:20:14
have to give or empower
00:20:17
the farmers to actually have to own
00:20:19
their land
00:20:21
now it's not just land ownership of
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course it's also agricultural
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development
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you have to provide them trackers you
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have to provide them
00:20:30
fertilizers you have to provide them
00:20:31
support you have to provide them credit
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and to ensure that they will pay you
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have to make them productive
00:20:39
right and therefore you have to improve
00:20:41
their farming technologies
00:20:43
break all those cartels that will try to
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import
00:20:46
rather than to produce locally okay and
00:20:49
therefore
00:20:50
that's why we call agriculture as the
00:20:52
base
00:20:53
once you build the base you will
00:20:56
actually have a lot of people
00:20:58
who would be having their lives better
00:21:11
my productive increase
00:21:14
my things and even to um
00:21:18
find work now the problem with this if
00:21:21
you industrialize
00:21:22
and modernize your agriculture
00:21:26
then in that example
00:21:42
what will happen to the line well
00:21:45
that's why you should not actually
00:21:48
divorce
00:21:49
agricultural in investments and um
00:21:53
modernization to the whole
00:21:56
industrialization policy
00:21:58
because agriculture will do provide it
00:22:01
will provide subsistence again
00:22:04
it will also be a source of industrial
00:22:06
raw materials
00:22:08
um biogas fibers etc
00:22:12
it's also a market for industrial
00:22:14
products so if you
00:22:16
can make tractors then you have people
00:22:18
who will buy tractors
00:22:20
if you can make chemical inputs they are
00:22:22
people with biochemical inputs etc
00:22:25
and it's also a reservoir of labor power
00:22:27
in other words if you free them
00:22:29
from doing artisanal
00:22:33
agricultural work then you can actually
00:22:36
have them
00:22:38
go to your factories instead as long as
00:22:41
you build the tactics
00:22:42
it's also a sorts of accumulation funds
00:22:45
and
00:22:45
um the reason for that is of course
00:22:48
if you invest in agriculture everybody
00:22:50
is still going to eat anyway
00:22:52
so you're you'll sure to have some
00:22:55
people who would actually be at the
00:22:57
receiving end
00:22:58
of agricultural products
00:23:06
but on the other side of the equation
00:23:09
you have to build your industries as
00:23:11
well
00:23:12
you cannot industrialize agriculture
00:23:15
and leave it at that because we will
00:23:18
provide the
00:23:18
tractors who will provide the machines
00:23:22
who will provide the things that they
00:23:23
will need
00:23:24
for industrial agriculture you have to
00:23:27
have a
00:23:30
part that produces those industrial
00:23:32
products
00:23:33
modern machinery motor power chemical
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fertilizers
00:23:37
pesticides and even all the modern
00:23:40
production needs of agriculture
00:23:43
you can also produce of course light
00:23:45
industrial machines
00:23:48
for in light industry but this is
00:23:51
where scientists engineers
00:23:55
would have to discover newer processes
00:23:58
better ways to make things newer
00:24:01
products etc
00:24:03
because that's where innovation is
00:24:05
needed
00:24:06
agriculture has been there for 11 000
00:24:09
years okay
00:24:10
um we can do a lot of
00:24:13
with it but here in the country with
00:24:16
linda with the resources that we have
00:24:19
with the elect energy that we have what
00:24:21
can we do
00:24:22
in terms of industry and since everybody
00:24:25
now knows
00:24:26
how to avoid dirty industries how can we
00:24:29
make industries clean
00:24:31
this is also a problem that's why you
00:24:33
would need scientists that's why when
00:24:34
you need
00:24:35
chemist physics engineers etc
00:24:40
of course
00:24:49
and that's where your um light
00:24:52
industries that
00:24:53
will be coming in now it's it will raise
00:24:56
our living standards because we have
00:24:58
available stuff already to buy we don't
00:25:01
have to wait for imports to come in
00:25:03
it's it requires smaller investments
00:25:05
quick returns because everybody's going
00:25:07
to use it every day
00:25:09
and that's where you can actually
00:25:10
accumulate fun for
00:25:12
industrial development now why is it
00:25:14
what is the
00:25:15
leading factor called the heavy
00:25:17
industries called the leading factor
00:25:20
now let me just go back a bit now
00:25:23
it includes base metals chemical
00:25:25
production petrochemicals from
00:25:27
precision instruments machinery
00:25:29
electronics consumer durables
00:25:31
etc and the reason why it's called the
00:25:33
leading factor is because
00:25:35
once you have say basic chemical
00:25:38
production
00:25:39
you can produce the chemicals that you
00:25:40
need then you can produce a lot more
00:25:43
with those chemicals it leads the way to
00:25:47
new products new processes if you have
00:25:49
you can produce steel
00:25:51
then you can produce a lot of things
00:25:53
other that will be using steel
00:25:55
it will open the way to steal production
00:25:59
the steel production and turret will
00:26:00
open the way to other machineries
00:26:03
etc so if you have electronic production
00:26:05
that you
00:26:06
need not to import a lot of things then
00:26:08
you can make a lot of things like
00:26:10
computers
00:26:11
high-end id etc
00:26:19
diving prospects you have to really
00:26:21
check whether it's going to
00:26:23
happen there was a talk
00:26:27
with the india for example to
00:26:31
to to supposedly address agreement
00:26:35
before
00:26:35
national industrialization and even
00:26:37
environmental production
00:26:38
but it has been stopped already but
00:26:42
what can we do okay we have to find
00:26:45
science and technology
00:26:47
that is tuned to the needs of the people
00:26:49
and
00:26:50
taking into account the whole economy
00:26:53
this means that we have to really
00:26:55
push for national industries okay
00:26:58
we have to find ways to
00:27:01
have this industrialization plan
00:27:04
and demand it from the government we
00:27:07
cannot just
00:27:07
sit idly because sitting idly will just
00:27:10
produce
00:27:11
the same things that have been happening
00:27:13
for 40 years
00:27:16
for example in terms of science and math
00:27:19
education
00:27:20
we should actually do our part
00:27:23
well i have a project for example
00:27:25
advisor
00:27:26
that creates science kits for high
00:27:28
schools to address the lack of science
00:27:33
science laboratories in the country 35
00:27:37
of our high schools would not have any
00:27:40
modern science
00:27:41
equipment and those who said that they
00:27:43
are modern quote unquote
00:27:45
actually are just pointing to their
00:27:47
laptop and their projector as modern lab
00:27:49
equipment
00:27:50
but even with this project for example
00:27:52
it has been very difficult because you
00:27:54
cannot find any
00:27:56
local production here
00:27:59
full 100 we do have a local producer
00:28:03
we're talking to one but they're also
00:28:05
importing all of their
00:28:07
um parts from abroad so it's not really
00:28:10
technically
00:28:11
100 filipino
00:28:15
prada it's filipino made it's filipino
00:28:17
created
00:28:18
is filipino um produced but all the
00:28:21
parts are
00:28:22
still from the outside
00:28:27
with with i've been doing a lot of
00:28:29
research for example on this
00:28:31
and um we have been trying to produce
00:28:35
low cost equipment for science education
00:28:38
for i am internet of things for sensors
00:28:42
etc
00:28:44
by actually trying to use available
00:28:47
software and available hardware designs
00:28:50
and implementing them ourselves
00:28:52
okay and we don't really do
00:28:56
we do a lot of um ip generation
00:29:01
intellectual property generation but for
00:29:03
example the advisor project
00:29:05
all the intellectual property of that
00:29:08
has been licensed to deaf ed
00:29:12
royalty free okay we're not going to
00:29:15
earn anything
00:29:17
from that bad well i think i will earn
00:29:19
quote unquote
00:29:20
much with better students that will be
00:29:24
coming from high school
00:29:25
and that's good enough for me yeah
00:29:29
but of course for private schools
00:29:32
depending on the licensee
00:29:34
they can charge but for public schools
00:29:36
we're
00:29:37
giving it license free the problem is
00:29:39
how to translate this
00:29:41
into industrial products right
00:29:44
so really the problem of having all of
00:29:48
these
00:29:49
ideas all of these inventions if you
00:29:52
would want to call them
00:29:54
is that in the academe even
00:29:58
making startups etc it's going to be
00:30:00
very difficult
00:30:02
unless you have the policy environment
00:30:05
that will actually make you
00:30:08
make things for the filipinos
00:30:13
so we've been using this underwater
00:30:14
camera air quality sensor
00:30:17
water quality sensor
00:30:21
the incubator cost around uh half a
00:30:23
million pesos
00:30:25
but we've made one just for one
00:30:28
petri dish for our cancer research then
00:30:31
it costs around five thousand pesos
00:30:34
okay so i have a lot of research
00:30:39
but that research really would
00:30:43
be very crucial
00:30:46
in in actually building the capacity of
00:30:49
the philippines
00:30:50
but unless you have that policy
00:30:53
environment that national industrial
00:30:55
course
00:30:56
of building things for the filipinos
00:30:58
then
00:30:59
this will actually just be papers
00:31:02
inventions etc that will be
00:31:05
very far from the experience of the
00:31:09
ordinary filipinos unless you actually
00:31:13
go and bring it to them that's where
00:31:16
that's why we have an organization
00:31:19
called the gram
00:31:20
or the advocates of science and
00:31:22
technology for the people
00:31:24
where we actually bring all of these
00:31:26
technologies
00:31:27
to communities that will be needing them
00:31:30
um
00:31:32
for example you have the those who were
00:31:36
the kadama people in pandi who did not
00:31:40
who who did not have any electricity
00:31:43
once they were given the the their
00:31:45
houses
00:31:46
then we're trying to figure out how to
00:31:48
use solar power for them
00:31:50
okay or a mining affected com
00:31:54
community that has been um under the
00:31:58
the under a
00:32:02
a mining company that might have spills
00:32:05
so they wanted to have
00:32:06
um monitoring for the river so that they
00:32:10
can be
00:32:11
assured that they can drink the water or
00:32:13
use it for agriculture
00:32:15
a lot of these things do take time
00:32:19
and because you have to go
00:32:22
to the communities and ask them what
00:32:25
they actually need
00:32:27
they probably would need not meet my
00:32:30
paramission robots yet
00:32:32
but at least when they need it they will
00:32:35
have it
00:32:37
the best um code for probably to
00:32:41
end the discussion is that it comes from
00:32:45
uh einstein and he was saying here that
00:32:48
man can find meaning in life short and
00:32:51
perilous as it is
00:32:52
only if he devote himself to society and
00:32:55
this is
00:32:56
how we could actually be more
00:32:59
meaningful if we actually devote our
00:33:02
science and technology
00:33:03
to society thank you very much
00:33:29
you
