Secrets Of The Sexes (1/3 Brainsex)

00:50:04
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FtSq0IhfuLo

Resumen

TLDRThis program explores the differences between the genders through a series of psychological and experimental tests conducted on five men and five women. Tests and surveys revealed insights into how men and women differ in terms of empathy, competitiveness, promiscuity, memory, and emotional response. Eye-opening findings include the discovery that men and women have the same average number of sexual partners when surveyed anonymously, men's fixation on facts versus women's on emotions, and the role of prenatal testosterone exposure affecting individuals in unexpected ways. By utilizing brain scans, lie detectors, and real-world scenarios, the study scrutinizes gender stereotypes, ultimately uncovering that while there are average tendencies, individual differences abound and often contradict conventional gender expectations.

Para llevar

  • 🧠 Understanding brain differences can help in relationships and communication.
  • 🔍 Men and women admitted to similar numbers of sexual partners anonymously.
  • 💡 Testosterone exposure before birth influences traits and abilities.
  • 😢 Women generally have stronger emotional and empathy responses.
  • 👫 Gender stereotypes can be misleading; individual differences matter.
  • 🚗 Men's testosterone fluctuations affect competitiveness noticeably.
  • 👶 Men struggle with emotional tasks like childcare more than women.
  • 📊 Both physical and behavioral traits are complex and overlapping.
  • 🚹🚺 Cultural and historical biases influence perceptions of gender.
  • 🤔 Some women excel in tasks typically dominated by male characteristics.

Cronología

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    The video discusses the perceptions and stereotypes between men and women, highlighting the differences in emotional understanding and competitiveness. There's a focus on a survey exploring gender differences, showcasing how men and women relate differently to facts, emotions, and interpersonal relations. Studies show men have less empathy and are more fact-oriented, while women are people-oriented. Cait explores these differences through a series of experiments in the world's largest sex survey.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    The participants, a group of men and women, are subjected to tests examining their ability to recall emotional versus factual details from a simulated conversation in a taxi. Results show that women typically remember emotional aspects more readily than men, who focus more on physical and factual elements. This supports theories that women are more empathetic while men are more object-focused.

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    A unique TV experiment reveals that men concentrate more on factual details when informed by a male presenter and tend to become distracted or less attentive when the presenter is female. This suggests men process information differently based on gender-related cues, pointing again to a lesser focus on emotional or relational content.

  • 00:15:00 - 00:20:00

    An exploration of sexual behavior uncovers that men often report higher numbers of sexual partners than women, contradicting face-to-face survey results. A lie detector test reveals women underreport and men overstate their sexual histories, aligning with societal constructs and examples of dishonesty in perceived promiscuity. However, both genders show similar levels of infidelity and expected future partners.

  • 00:20:00 - 00:25:00

    An empathy test finds that men generally show less immediate concern in empathetic situations, particularly when fear of being perceived as inappropriate deters them from responding to a lost child scenario. Women, being higher in empathy, are more likely to intervene. Test results reaffirm that females consistently outperform males in empathy across different contexts.

  • 00:25:00 - 00:30:00

    The experiment involving scans and tests on a couple reveals anatomical differences in how emotions are processed in male and female brains. Women tend to engage the emotional centers of their brains more actively, leading to better emotion recognition, which impacts interpersonal conflicts in relationships, showing deep-seated biological underpinnings.

  • 00:30:00 - 00:35:00

    The video details how historical biases against gender in scientific studies have led to underacknowledgment of sex differences. However, modern research, including finger length studies, indicates innate differences shaped by prenatal testosterone levels, which impact abilities like spatial awareness and language processing differently in men and women.

  • 00:35:00 - 00:40:00

    A driving competition illustrates how testosterone influences competitiveness, with men showing elevated testosterone leading to risky behavior. Women, with stable testosterone levels, show less aggression. The results depict testosterone's role in forecasting risk-taking and competitiveness, illustrating hormonal influences on gender behavior during stressful scenarios.

  • 00:40:00 - 00:50:04

    The concluding part ties together findings on how prenatal hormonal exposure influences not only physical attributes but also behavioral patterns and cognitive talents. While testosterone affects competitive and visual-spatial skills, individuals can possess a mosaic of traits. Understanding these gender brain patterns can lead to improved self-awareness and societal interactions.

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Mapa mental

Vídeo de preguntas y respuestas

  • What was the purpose of inviting five men and five women to the study?

    To participate in a series of unique tests focusing on the differences between men and women.

  • How was empathy tested in the participants?

    Through different setups, including witnessing how men and women responded to an actress portraying a lost child and through psychological questionnaires.

  • What did testosterone levels reveal in the race experiment?

    Testosterone levels varied, affecting competitiveness and risk-taking behaviors, primarily in men.

  • What was an unexpected finding regarding the sexual behavior of men and women?

    Both men and women were found to admit to having the same number of sexual partners when surveyed anonymously.

  • How did testosterone affect the brain and physical abilities, according to the study?

    Higher testosterone levels in the womb influenced traits like empathy, competitiveness, and physical abilities like running speed.

  • What did the lie detector test reveal about participant honesty?

    Participants admitted to having more sexual partners under anonymous survey conditions compared to face-to-face interviews.

  • How are finger lengths related to testosterone levels before birth?

    The length of the ring finger relative to the index finger is said to correlate with prenatal testosterone exposure and indicates physical and behavioral abilities.

  • What did scientists find about gender stereotypes?

    The study challenged some stereotypes, revealing complexity and overlap in traits like empathy and competitiveness across genders.

  • What role does cultural bias have in perceptions of gender differences?

    Cultural expectations and historical biases have shaped understanding and stereotypes about gender differences.

  • Did men or women perform better in the visual spatial tasks in the experiment?

    On average, men performed better, but some women with higher prenatal testosterone levels, like Grace, performed exceptionally well.

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Subtítulos
en
Desplazamiento automático:
  • 00:00:01
    men will stop at nothing I'd rather die
  • 00:00:04
    than lose I
  • 00:00:05
    think you can't trust women women can
  • 00:00:08
    get away with everything I think in life
  • 00:00:11
    just by smiling men and women can't get
  • 00:00:14
    along I don't feel Craig understands me
  • 00:00:17
    hardly at
  • 00:00:19
    all are we different
  • 00:00:22
    species five men five women I found it
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    really really difficult men have no
  • 00:00:28
    empathy
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    the world's biggest sex
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    survey secret
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    experiments right
  • 00:00:38
    swe and in a world first brain changing
  • 00:00:42
    drugs it's totally changed my life you
  • 00:00:45
    know right mate how you doing prepare to
  • 00:00:48
    discover what really separates the sexes
  • 00:00:52
    [Music]
  • 00:01:00
    hello there we've invited five women and
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    five men to take part in a series of
  • 00:01:05
    unique tests good morning good morning
  • 00:01:07
    could you tell me your name please yes
  • 00:01:09
    Jamie
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    henah our test group has been chosen to
  • 00:01:12
    represent as broad a range of people as
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    possible and what's your occupation I'm
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    a housewife uh investment banker
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    engineer teaching assistant and how many
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    sexual partners have you had um three I
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    can count on both hands h
  • 00:01:30
    God I can't answer that um a number less
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    than my wife I
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    think the volunteers know they're taking
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    part in a program about the differences
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    between men and women we need to take a
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    saliva sample what they don't know is
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    that by the end of the program some of
  • 00:01:47
    them will have totally changed their
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    view of who they really
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    are first they need to complete the
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    BBC's on online sex survey they'll be
  • 00:02:02
    tested on everything from language to
  • 00:02:04
    love geometry to Greed on your laptop
  • 00:02:07
    computers there a series of programs
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    that assess a whole range of traits and
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    abilities what we want to see is how the
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    brains of men and women
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    [Music]
  • 00:02:19
    differ Professor Richard lier and his
  • 00:02:21
    colleagues designed the survey for us
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    and since it went online nearly half a
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    million people worldwide have taken part
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    this is the single largest gender survey
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    that's ever been
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    conducted we've never been able to
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    assess such a variety of people in so
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    many different
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    areas what we want to know is how
  • 00:02:44
    different are men and women are and how
  • 00:02:47
    they measure up to the
  • 00:02:55
    nation I'd rather die than lose I think
  • 00:03:00
    I'm more interested in engineering than
  • 00:03:02
    having in people I'm a fighter I think
  • 00:03:04
    that's a masculine quality that I
  • 00:03:06
    definitely have I'm a man in a
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    traditionally female role I like to say
  • 00:03:12
    how I feel if that gets me into trouble
  • 00:03:14
    so be it but that's me he sees me a bit
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    like a rock Vier or something and I
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    always wear something that's quite low
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    cut and quite you know in my job we deal
  • 00:03:25
    with um hundreds of millions of pounds
  • 00:03:28
    they're just numbers on screen they're
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    just
  • 00:03:30
    eyes I wouldn't really say I was a girly
  • 00:03:32
    girl at
  • 00:03:34
    [Music]
  • 00:03:38
    all we'll be testing our volunteers
  • 00:03:41
    whatever they do even the cab they
  • 00:03:43
    arrived in was rigged with hidden
  • 00:03:46
    cameras you and driven by an actor
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    BBC L ofs is
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    it what's going on they're doing a
  • 00:03:55
    science program difference between men
  • 00:03:57
    and women the D the way we think
  • 00:04:00
    differently yeah yeah as in men do women
  • 00:04:03
    don't you
  • 00:04:05
    know I love documentaries so much
  • 00:04:09
    rubbish on the actor makes sure that all
  • 00:04:11
    of our passengers hear the same
  • 00:04:13
    conversation well they was saying that
  • 00:04:15
    the square mile down here if if it was
  • 00:04:16
    an independent country it would be the
  • 00:04:18
    20th richest in the world yeah that's
  • 00:04:20
    what they was saying
  • 00:04:22
    amazing but you think after 29 years of
  • 00:04:25
    marriage you know someone pretty well
  • 00:04:27
    you will do you not she just run off
  • 00:04:30
    another like I'm single I think that's
  • 00:04:33
    why I'm on the show I just [ __ ] party
  • 00:04:35
    my ass off around the
  • 00:04:36
    world I just can't believe I that
  • 00:04:43
    stupid but will the men and women
  • 00:04:45
    remember different bits of what they've
  • 00:04:49
    heard can the next person come in
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    please psychiatrist Dr Sandra Scott
  • 00:04:56
    Springs a surprise interrogation
  • 00:04:59
    what kind of a car did you come here in
  • 00:05:01
    uh it a silver
  • 00:05:03
    Mercedes anything else uh silver leather
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    seats um GPS system on the
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    dashboard that it well I notice the
  • 00:05:16
    central locking switch a chrome handle
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    for opening the door of the central
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    locking did you talk to the cab
  • 00:05:22
    driver uh yeah we talked uh about um the
  • 00:05:27
    sort of financial center of uh London
  • 00:05:30
    yeah they going on about the square mile
  • 00:05:32
    which is you might have heard of it just
  • 00:05:34
    down here is where all the banks are in
  • 00:05:36
    London
  • 00:05:37
    yeah they WR that if it was an
  • 00:05:39
    independent country it'd be the 20th
  • 00:05:42
    richest in the world unbelievable
  • 00:05:47
    yeah can you recall three facts or
  • 00:05:50
    possibly more of what he told you about
  • 00:05:52
    the city of
  • 00:05:54
    London um
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    I can't remember it
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    um
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    um
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    no do you remember him talking about his
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    marriage yes I do yeah so that was
  • 00:06:14
    another topic covered it was yeah the
  • 00:06:17
    car was automatic by the way sorry the
  • 00:06:19
    car was automatic by the way okay yeah
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    had a walnut trim so were you actually
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    listening to him uh yes uh um uh
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    connecting but rather than
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    wishing to store information so what did
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    interest you talking about his marriage
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    problems he was really quite open which
  • 00:06:37
    quite surprised me really cuz men are
  • 00:06:39
    quite normally hide their feelings but
  • 00:06:40
    he was quite
  • 00:06:41
    forthcoming you know he's glad that the
  • 00:06:43
    kids are older and they've moved out but
  • 00:06:46
    it just means that he's alone now really
  • 00:06:48
    and he said if it had been the other way
  • 00:06:50
    around um she would have found out
  • 00:06:52
    really early on you know woman's
  • 00:06:54
    Instinct and all that how did you catch
  • 00:06:56
    her out you didn't find her come home
  • 00:06:58
    early did you that'd be
  • 00:07:01
    awful generally speaking all of the
  • 00:07:03
    women had a much better memory for the
  • 00:07:06
    emotional facts men were more thing
  • 00:07:09
    oriented and women were more people
  • 00:07:15
    oriented women like relationships men
  • 00:07:18
    like facts but according to Italian
  • 00:07:21
    scientists it's not quite so
  • 00:07:24
    simple okay guys take a seat make
  • 00:07:27
    yourselves comfortable we're just going
  • 00:07:29
    to get to watch a few minutes of
  • 00:07:31
    TV if the Italians are right you're
  • 00:07:34
    about to witness something very
  • 00:07:36
    [Music]
  • 00:07:47
    revealing a high streak bank has warned
  • 00:07:50
    that the number of new buyers has
  • 00:07:52
    plunged to its lowest level for 20 years
  • 00:07:55
    the problem of when we asked our viewers
  • 00:07:57
    what they'd seen and heard we discovered
  • 00:07:59
    an extraordinary thing when 24-hour
  • 00:08:02
    drinking becomes legal in England and
  • 00:08:04
    Wales later this year the men remembered
  • 00:08:07
    some of what our male news reader had
  • 00:08:09
    said licenses had been applied for six
  • 00:08:12
    from London none from other places if
  • 00:08:15
    they didn't uh curb it within 8 weeks
  • 00:08:17
    they were going to receive a fine
  • 00:08:19
    scientists are warning that a recent
  • 00:08:20
    outbreak of bird but when they were
  • 00:08:22
    watching his female colleague they
  • 00:08:24
    appeared to have gone deaf the S
  • 00:08:27
    outbreak in 2002
  • 00:08:30
    she did two
  • 00:08:32
    stories uh she was quite attractive for
  • 00:08:35
    a start the girl at a pink CHP with
  • 00:08:37
    black trim that's better off
  • 00:08:40
    remember and she had nose
  • 00:08:43
    presss we found that men are indeed
  • 00:08:46
    interested in facts but one thing
  • 00:08:48
    they're more interested in is
  • 00:08:52
    sex which stands to reason men are after
  • 00:08:55
    all much more promiscuous than
  • 00:08:58
    women aren't
  • 00:09:00
    [Music]
  • 00:09:03
    they how many partners have you had
  • 00:09:05
    sexual intercourse with in the past 5
  • 00:09:07
    years how old were you when you lost
  • 00:09:09
    your
  • 00:09:11
    virginity we sent our researchers to
  • 00:09:13
    find out just how much more promiscuous
  • 00:09:16
    men really
  • 00:09:18
    are our street survey found that on
  • 00:09:21
    average men reported 13 sexual partners
  • 00:09:24
    while women only managed seven in line
  • 00:09:27
    with other sex surveys
  • 00:09:30
    but hold on who are all the men sleeping
  • 00:09:32
    with and the survey is about sexual
  • 00:09:35
    behaviors and attitudes the trouble with
  • 00:09:37
    asking personal questions face to face
  • 00:09:40
    is that you rarely get honest
  • 00:09:43
    answers how many sexual partners have
  • 00:09:45
    you had I don't 25 or something like
  • 00:09:48
    that 20 25 yeah yeah I can count on both
  • 00:09:51
    hands you can
  • 00:09:55
    so either men are exaggerating or women
  • 00:09:58
    are being economical with the
  • 00:10:01
    truth to find out what's going on we
  • 00:10:04
    asked our volunteers to take a lie
  • 00:10:06
    detector
  • 00:10:08
    test I'm going to put a one around your
  • 00:10:10
    stomach and I'm going to put one around
  • 00:10:12
    your chest can take a reading from one
  • 00:10:14
    of them try breathe normally without
  • 00:10:17
    taking any deep breaths or holding your
  • 00:10:19
    breath okay try not to nod or shake your
  • 00:10:21
    head just say yes or no okay I am the
  • 00:10:26
    owner of a financial and accounting
  • 00:10:28
    recruitment
  • 00:10:31
    [Music]
  • 00:10:34
    F I'm very money driven It Be Jack I
  • 00:10:38
    want to have nice holidays you know I
  • 00:10:40
    want to get my convertible sports car
  • 00:10:44
    and in the next 6 months there're my
  • 00:10:45
    goals so I'm going to achieve them and
  • 00:10:47
    to make sure it
  • 00:10:49
    happens all right I'm about to start the
  • 00:10:52
    test okay what I want to hear from you
  • 00:10:54
    is a yes or a no okay is your first name
  • 00:10:58
    Lucy yes
  • 00:11:03
    have you had around 10 sexual partners
  • 00:11:05
    in your
  • 00:11:06
    lifetime
  • 00:11:08
    no have you had more than 10 sexual
  • 00:11:11
    partners in your
  • 00:11:12
    lifetime
  • 00:11:19
    yes I have had more sexual partners than
  • 00:11:22
    I mitted to you know the reasons as to
  • 00:11:24
    probably why I didn't want to sort of
  • 00:11:26
    announce it but yes I have well what are
  • 00:11:28
    the reasons well I think the main
  • 00:11:30
    reasons is is sort of you know the
  • 00:11:31
    reputation side of it um you know I want
  • 00:11:34
    to attract a nice man I think the man
  • 00:11:36
    out there is still old fashioned in his
  • 00:11:37
    views and points um I think that you
  • 00:11:39
    know he still likes a very sort of
  • 00:11:41
    feminine type of girl who and the
  • 00:11:43
    thought of him uh her sorry have slept
  • 00:11:45
    with a lot of men you know discuss
  • 00:11:49
    him when they filled in our anonymous
  • 00:11:52
    online survey men and women did admit to
  • 00:11:55
    having the same numbers of sexual
  • 00:11:57
    partners
  • 00:11:59
    and what's more nearly a quarter of both
  • 00:12:01
    sexes admitted to having been unfaithful
  • 00:12:04
    to a long-term
  • 00:12:05
    partner we also found that whatever
  • 00:12:08
    their past experience men predicted more
  • 00:12:11
    than twice as many sexual partners in
  • 00:12:13
    the future than women
  • 00:12:16
    did so even though men are distracted by
  • 00:12:19
    the idea of sex they aren't more
  • 00:12:21
    promiscuous than women after
  • 00:12:24
    all it's just that they'd like to be
  • 00:12:30
    so one myth busted what about the other
  • 00:12:33
    stereotypes women are more emotional
  • 00:12:36
    we're more understanding friendlier
  • 00:12:39
    sensitive
  • 00:12:41
    [Music]
  • 00:12:43
    caring but are women really more
  • 00:12:47
    caring we hired an 8-year-old
  • 00:12:50
    actress fitted her with a secret
  • 00:12:54
    camera and abandoned her on a London
  • 00:12:56
    Street
  • 00:13:00
    this is what happened
  • 00:13:05
    [Music]
  • 00:13:14
    [Applause]
  • 00:13:18
    next this test is a measure of empathy
  • 00:13:22
    the ability to put yourself in someone
  • 00:13:24
    else's shoes and to act appropriately
  • 00:13:32
    Hello darling you right sweetheart yeah
  • 00:13:35
    you're waiting for someone P yeah my
  • 00:13:37
    mommy's just gone inside
  • 00:13:42
    spr how long has she been don't
  • 00:13:49
    know you want some
  • 00:13:51
    company well I think it was shocked to
  • 00:13:53
    both of us to see a little girl sitting
  • 00:13:56
    all on her own up again a cement wall
  • 00:13:59
    yes and you just wanted to go in and
  • 00:14:01
    protect her and yeah that's make sure
  • 00:14:04
    that she was okay but it was just common
  • 00:14:07
    since when you see a little girl on her
  • 00:14:10
    own you don't walk past her I saw her
  • 00:14:12
    twice actually going down and coming
  • 00:14:14
    back up I thought she was probably
  • 00:14:16
    waiting for somebody in the
  • 00:14:18
    hairdresses I know she actually did have
  • 00:14:20
    quite a Brand New Pair of Shoes on so I
  • 00:14:23
    thought she doesn't look as if she's in
  • 00:14:25
    a large amount of trouble
  • 00:14:29
    I'm a male on the own aren't I and if I
  • 00:14:32
    if I'm seen talking to little girls like
  • 00:14:34
    that what's the
  • 00:14:36
    reaction of all the excuses given for
  • 00:14:39
    doing nothing concern about being seen
  • 00:14:41
    as a pedophile seems the most
  • 00:14:44
    plausible but note that none of the men
  • 00:14:47
    alerted the authorities or asked a woman
  • 00:14:49
    to help on their
  • 00:14:51
    behalf what are you doing there during
  • 00:14:53
    the hour we filmed 41 women stopped to
  • 00:14:57
    help some of them were so concerned that
  • 00:15:00
    they came back several
  • 00:15:03
    times but only two men stopped and one
  • 00:15:07
    of them was with a woman you're
  • 00:15:10
    right 22% of women offered help as
  • 00:15:13
    opposed to just 1% of
  • 00:15:19
    men but this is just one test and one
  • 00:15:22
    way of measuring
  • 00:15:26
    empathy our volunteers are about to try
  • 00:15:30
    [Music]
  • 00:15:38
    another former par Patty Doyle runs a
  • 00:15:41
    boxing gym if it wasn't for Fitness it
  • 00:15:44
    would be be be in prison you know I
  • 00:15:46
    would be Patty holds 130 world records
  • 00:15:50
    for fitness and
  • 00:15:52
    endurance he is officially the world's
  • 00:15:55
    fittest athlete
  • 00:15:59
    of of I to be selfish uh while doing my
  • 00:16:02
    Sport and it's affected my relationships
  • 00:16:05
    because women couldn't take that it was
  • 00:16:07
    either the world records or them and
  • 00:16:09
    unfortunately I went for the world
  • 00:16:12
    records like the others Paddy has filled
  • 00:16:15
    in a detailed psychological
  • 00:16:17
    questionnaire designed to measure
  • 00:16:21
    [Music]
  • 00:16:24
    empathy of the half a million people who
  • 00:16:26
    took part in our online survey over 90%
  • 00:16:30
    of the top scorers were women men were
  • 00:16:33
    very much in second
  • 00:16:39
    place how do you think your husband were
  • 00:16:41
    doing this how his score you're having a
  • 00:16:43
    laugh right at Boton men have no empathy
  • 00:16:47
    no okay well let's talk to man see how
  • 00:16:49
    he feels about that for empathizing I
  • 00:16:52
    got 12 out of 20 oh are we surprised yes
  • 00:16:56
    I thought it would have been um
  • 00:16:59
    a bit less mhm yeah so that has
  • 00:17:02
    surprised
  • 00:17:05
    me in the empathy test Paddy actually
  • 00:17:08
    outscored all the other men and all but
  • 00:17:11
    two of the
  • 00:17:13
    women pad's breaking the mold and show
  • 00:17:15
    that some man can be very empathic what
  • 00:17:17
    about you um definitely not the case
  • 00:17:19
    apparently according to this test I got
  • 00:17:22
    three out of 20 apparently I've been
  • 00:17:24
    told I do lack a bit of empathy and uh I
  • 00:17:27
    I have tried using it in a sentence like
  • 00:17:29
    saying I empathize with you but
  • 00:17:31
    apparently that's not empathy can I
  • 00:17:33
    suggest you go to PTY for some lessons I
  • 00:17:36
    [Music]
  • 00:17:40
    will Liz and Craig Watson have a
  • 00:17:43
    personal interest in empathy everyone
  • 00:17:45
    looks so happy don't they it seemed very
  • 00:17:49
    idyllic really I remember just feeling
  • 00:17:51
    very comfortable with you
  • 00:17:55
    then Craig is very calculating
  • 00:17:59
    he's very stubborn incredibly stubborn
  • 00:18:01
    Liz is is the opposite of myself uh
  • 00:18:05
    she's almost too fiery to almost out of
  • 00:18:08
    control at times I don't feel Craig
  • 00:18:11
    understands me hardly at all and we've
  • 00:18:14
    gone out sometimes and Craig's had a
  • 00:18:15
    book and he's reading the book when
  • 00:18:17
    we're out you know that that that really
  • 00:18:19
    upsets me to fair I probably haven't
  • 00:18:20
    done that for several years it you've
  • 00:18:22
    done it recently Craig is living the
  • 00:18:25
    life of a bachelor actually and he you
  • 00:18:28
    know he's a great
  • 00:18:30
    [Music]
  • 00:18:33
    Bachelor Liz and Craig blame each other
  • 00:18:36
    for their failure to
  • 00:18:37
    communicate so in an unusual move we've
  • 00:18:40
    asked neurologist Ruben G to examine
  • 00:18:43
    their brains so um here is uh the
  • 00:18:46
    scanner and uh what we will get is an
  • 00:18:50
    image of your brain anatomy but more
  • 00:18:52
    importantly will get images of what
  • 00:18:54
    parts of the brain become active when
  • 00:18:56
    you have to solve specific kinds of
  • 00:18:58
    problems
  • 00:18:58
    [Music]
  • 00:19:01
    a key part of empathy is recognizing how
  • 00:19:03
    other people
  • 00:19:05
    feel we'll start doing the test and the
  • 00:19:08
    first test is the test of emotion
  • 00:19:12
    recognition and you'll have to answer
  • 00:19:15
    whether the face looks to you like a
  • 00:19:17
    positive or A negative emotion to me
  • 00:19:21
    communication is mostly about the
  • 00:19:22
    non-verbal not what you actually say but
  • 00:19:24
    what you're feeling and I think Craig's
  • 00:19:26
    not that in touch with his feelings
  • 00:19:28
    enough actually maybe I've got perhaps
  • 00:19:30
    more sensitivity in that area than I'm
  • 00:19:31
    given credit for and and vice versa that
  • 00:19:34
    Lizzie hasn't got quite as much strength
  • 00:19:35
    in that area she gives herself credit
  • 00:19:37
    for well that's interesting I just
  • 00:19:40
    learned something
  • 00:19:43
    else if the scan reveals that Liz and
  • 00:19:46
    Craig read other people's emotion
  • 00:19:48
    differently then some of their
  • 00:19:50
    misunderstandings might be instantly
  • 00:19:54
    explained the part of the brain that
  • 00:19:56
    deals with emotions is right in the
  • 00:19:58
    center center of the brain right here
  • 00:20:00
    Liz shows uh a hefty activation whereas
  • 00:20:04
    Craig's brain shows no activation at all
  • 00:20:07
    in this emotional part of the brain
  • 00:20:10
    whereas you went straight to the
  • 00:20:12
    emotional part and you say how would I
  • 00:20:15
    have felt if I were looking like that
  • 00:20:17
    you immediately invoke the that
  • 00:20:19
    emotional part of your
  • 00:20:21
    brain Liz is 40% more accurate than
  • 00:20:25
    Craig at reading emotion in others
  • 00:20:27
    because she is using the emotional part
  • 00:20:29
    of her own
  • 00:20:30
    brain and the scans reveal that in this
  • 00:20:33
    test Craig shows no emotional response
  • 00:20:36
    at all Liz are you surprised at Craig's
  • 00:20:40
    result what surprised me most was the
  • 00:20:42
    fact that it was completely devoid of
  • 00:20:45
    any emotional response in the center
  • 00:20:47
    part of the brain I mean that actually
  • 00:20:49
    has given me a big insight into why um
  • 00:20:53
    I've often felt I wish he would show
  • 00:20:56
    some emotion yeah but also switching
  • 00:20:58
    back in terms our relationship and in
  • 00:20:59
    terms of just our understanding I
  • 00:21:01
    sometimes need things to be spelled out
  • 00:21:02
    more you know actually don't just don't
  • 00:21:04
    think I'm just going to take it on
  • 00:21:06
    telepathically or so just you actually
  • 00:21:07
    got to tell me and also I mean in
  • 00:21:09
    situations where there's potential
  • 00:21:11
    conflict and so I'm trying to calm
  • 00:21:13
    things down actually I guess I just want
  • 00:21:14
    to avoid conflict whereas you're more
  • 00:21:17
    able to or more willing to sort of
  • 00:21:18
    embrace well I just think it's it's a
  • 00:21:20
    much more interesting level to operate
  • 00:21:23
    on if you can get into your emotional
  • 00:21:24
    response a bit more if women assume that
  • 00:21:27
    men are just like them and vice versa
  • 00:21:29
    that's when you get into difficulties as
  • 00:21:31
    far as you're concerned you're sending
  • 00:21:32
    out all these signals it's entirely
  • 00:21:34
    obvious that you are upset so then when
  • 00:21:36
    the bloke doesn't respond you up the
  • 00:21:38
    anti some more because you determined to
  • 00:21:39
    get the emotional response you introduce
  • 00:21:41
    emotive you know emotive topics so he
  • 00:21:43
    has to respond he can't ignore it and
  • 00:21:46
    then what do you do you end up hang a
  • 00:21:47
    dind off it's a shame for it to have to
  • 00:21:49
    degenerate into a row just in order to
  • 00:21:52
    activate the emotional response the only
  • 00:21:54
    real way forward is to realize we are
  • 00:21:56
    different we process this sort of
  • 00:21:58
    information differently and how we going
  • 00:21:59
    to make that
  • 00:22:04
    [Music]
  • 00:22:06
    work until recently scientists were
  • 00:22:09
    reluctant to acknowledge any sex
  • 00:22:11
    differences partly because of
  • 00:22:14
    history in
  • 00:22:16
    1879 Gustav Leon a founding father of
  • 00:22:20
    psychology announced that intelligent
  • 00:22:22
    women are so rare that they are as
  • 00:22:25
    exceptional as the birth of any
  • 00:22:27
    monstrosity as for example of a gorilla
  • 00:22:30
    with two heads consequently we may
  • 00:22:33
    neglect them
  • 00:22:37
    entirely and that 125 years ago was
  • 00:22:41
    medical
  • 00:22:46
    fact if I bring out a male brain and put
  • 00:22:49
    it next to a female brain you can see uh
  • 00:22:52
    there's very little difference in any of
  • 00:22:54
    the structures on the surface of the
  • 00:22:55
    brain the only difference really between
  • 00:22:57
    these two is there
  • 00:22:59
    size and um in general female brains are
  • 00:23:02
    a little bit smaller the uh explanation
  • 00:23:05
    for this is men tend to be bigger and so
  • 00:23:08
    this is in proportion to that difference
  • 00:23:10
    in body size I don't think anyone's
  • 00:23:12
    going to suggest that a small man is any
  • 00:23:14
    less intelligent than a large man having
  • 00:23:16
    said that there have been a number of uh
  • 00:23:18
    studies to suggest that certain areas of
  • 00:23:20
    the brain might be slightly different in
  • 00:23:22
    size and the biggest areas of difference
  • 00:23:25
    appear to be in language processing
  • 00:23:28
    and also in this part of the frontal
  • 00:23:30
    lobe which is important in Visos spatial
  • 00:23:34
    processing and this might be the basis
  • 00:23:36
    for some of the uh functional
  • 00:23:38
    differences we see between men and women
  • 00:23:41
    uh they may just be wired up
  • 00:23:43
    differently
  • 00:23:45
    D in this test Tim is listening to
  • 00:23:48
    madeup
  • 00:23:50
    words B different sounds are played to
  • 00:23:53
    each ear at the same time B but Tim only
  • 00:23:58
    hears one of them G when CLA listens to
  • 00:24:02
    the same test this is what she hears gab
  • 00:24:06
    and Gad because women use both sides of
  • 00:24:10
    the brain to process speech CLA can hear
  • 00:24:12
    both sounds Todd and
  • 00:24:15
    top dot but Tim Who as a man only uses
  • 00:24:19
    the right side of his brain get can only
  • 00:24:23
    hear
  • 00:24:24
    one
  • 00:24:27
    b i found it really really difficult it
  • 00:24:30
    almost come over as one word in both
  • 00:24:33
    ears at the same
  • 00:24:35
    [Music]
  • 00:24:38
    time things aren't looking very good for
  • 00:24:41
    men go was automatic by the way object
  • 00:24:44
    centered partially deaf unempathic sex
  • 00:24:48
    obsessed fantasists is not how most of
  • 00:24:50
    them would like to be
  • 00:24:53
    remembered men are supposed to be
  • 00:24:55
    go-getting thrusting successful
  • 00:24:59
    so we're giving them a chance to
  • 00:25:02
    shine after all men love competition and
  • 00:25:05
    they're great at
  • 00:25:08
    driving aren they I want women to win
  • 00:25:12
    badly I'm going to really try and win
  • 00:25:15
    this I'm in I almost feel it in the pit
  • 00:25:18
    of my stomach that's I just want to be
  • 00:25:21
    better than everybody
  • 00:25:24
    else the hormone testosterone plays an
  • 00:25:27
    important part in
  • 00:25:29
    competitiveness testosterone the
  • 00:25:31
    so-called male hormone is actually
  • 00:25:34
    produced by both men and
  • 00:25:36
    [Music]
  • 00:25:49
    women we're analyzing our volunteers
  • 00:25:52
    hormone levels throughout the
  • 00:25:53
    competition to see how their
  • 00:25:55
    testosterone responds
  • 00:26:06
    it seems that men um the kind of
  • 00:26:09
    biological response to a competition is
  • 00:26:11
    very different than that in
  • 00:26:14
    women in the man we see large
  • 00:26:16
    fluctuations which is consistent with
  • 00:26:18
    what one expects in the sponsor
  • 00:26:20
    competition but we see virtually zero
  • 00:26:23
    fluctuation in the woman
  • 00:26:26
    [Music]
  • 00:26:28
    men are more likely um as a result of
  • 00:26:30
    this increase in testosterone to take
  • 00:26:32
    risks and risks might in an encounter
  • 00:26:35
    and competitive encounter might be
  • 00:26:37
    beneficial the testosterone powered men
  • 00:26:40
    quickly Take the
  • 00:26:43
    Lead Lucy in cart 6 the woman who wanted
  • 00:26:46
    to win is languishing in seventh
  • 00:26:50
    place but right at the very front is
  • 00:26:53
    Lloyd hotly pursued by Jamie driving
  • 00:26:56
    cart number eight
  • 00:27:00
    but there's individual who's very much
  • 00:27:01
    worth uh pointing out to you and that is
  • 00:27:04
    number two uh if we look at his tea
  • 00:27:07
    levels um and compare them with his
  • 00:27:09
    pre-race levels there's a substantial
  • 00:27:12
    increase he's uh likely to be a very
  • 00:27:15
    competitive highly highly strong
  • 00:27:17
    individual who takes it very
  • 00:27:22
    seriously I'm more interested in
  • 00:27:24
    engineering than I'm in people if if it
  • 00:27:27
    came a choice between separating me from
  • 00:27:29
    me lathe and separating me from Oliver I
  • 00:27:32
    would let go of the lathe but I wouldn't
  • 00:27:35
    give it up
  • 00:27:39
    easily you want me to go first I can't
  • 00:27:42
    just secretly let him win like his mom
  • 00:27:45
    can I just don't feel it it's honest
  • 00:27:48
    right are you ready you ready for this
  • 00:27:50
    no jump
  • 00:27:55
    jump honest I don't really feel bad that
  • 00:27:57
    he's crying
  • 00:27:58
    [Music]
  • 00:27:59
    to me he's just displaying what I would
  • 00:28:02
    feel if I lost I'd want to be doing the
  • 00:28:04
    same thing
  • 00:28:08
    really how old is he
  • 00:28:13
    six I'm not a
  • 00:28:19
    monster but monstrous things are
  • 00:28:21
    happening to Lloyd Jaime's taken the
  • 00:28:24
    lead and he's not showing any signs of
  • 00:28:26
    giving it back
  • 00:28:29
    but as Lloyd tries to regain the lead
  • 00:28:32
    his testosterone skyrockets and things
  • 00:28:34
    go from bad to
  • 00:28:37
    [Music]
  • 00:28:39
    worse yet more testosterone and more
  • 00:28:42
    stupid
  • 00:28:44
    risks Lloyd's race position is in
  • 00:28:47
    [Music]
  • 00:28:49
    freeall as Jamie strolls past the
  • 00:28:51
    checker
  • 00:28:53
    flag Lloyd's world has disintegrated
  • 00:28:58
    the former race leader finishes
  • 00:29:02
    fifth there's an extraordinary finding
  • 00:29:04
    here where number two's testosterone
  • 00:29:07
    levels decline rapidly to nearly that of
  • 00:29:11
    his pre-race levels which suggests to me
  • 00:29:14
    that something unusual has happened
  • 00:29:16
    something has something's gone wrong
  • 00:29:17
    here and I suspect he's not very happy
  • 00:29:19
    about
  • 00:29:23
    it I feel absolutely enraged not with
  • 00:29:27
    anybody else what say
  • 00:29:30
    5 minutes ago when you were up there I
  • 00:29:33
    could have got out smashed on H somebody
  • 00:29:37
    that's how I felt I wouldn't have done
  • 00:29:38
    because you know you can't do that in
  • 00:29:40
    public but I felt good but I mean I
  • 00:29:42
    wanted I did actually aim to win I
  • 00:29:45
    wasn't going into well I wanted to have
  • 00:29:46
    a good time but I wanted to win as
  • 00:29:48
    [Music]
  • 00:29:50
    well Jam's testosterone levels during
  • 00:29:53
    the race reveal the secret of his
  • 00:29:56
    success while Lo levels went through the
  • 00:29:59
    roof Jam were much more subtle allowing
  • 00:30:02
    him to become more competitive and take
  • 00:30:04
    informed
  • 00:30:05
    [Music]
  • 00:30:06
    risks his modest Rises were useful where
  • 00:30:10
    Lloyds were
  • 00:30:13
    catastrophic but if we look at the women
  • 00:30:16
    there's no rise in testosterone levels
  • 00:30:18
    at all there's no doubt that women can
  • 00:30:21
    be competitive but they don't have the
  • 00:30:23
    edge that testosterone can give
  • 00:30:25
    men I a very competitive person and I
  • 00:30:28
    was trying to do my best um I think I
  • 00:30:30
    just you know break and then when I see
  • 00:30:32
    somebody in front of me instead of
  • 00:30:34
    trying to swerve around them I
  • 00:30:37
    hesitate the men's rise in testosterone
  • 00:30:40
    turbocharges their competitive Instinct
  • 00:30:43
    though it can be a very mixed
  • 00:30:46
    blessing I did Cheers it's not by chance
  • 00:30:50
    that women are less prone to road
  • 00:30:53
    rage quite bit
  • 00:30:55
    actually testosterone is incredibly
  • 00:30:58
    powerful hormone it affects us all men
  • 00:31:01
    and women and it affects us well before
  • 00:31:05
    we are even
  • 00:31:07
    [Music]
  • 00:31:10
    born for the first few weeks of
  • 00:31:12
    development it's impossible to tell if
  • 00:31:15
    the tiny embryo floating in its amniotic
  • 00:31:17
    fluid is a boy or a
  • 00:31:19
    girl they all appear to be
  • 00:31:23
    female but in week eight the males start
  • 00:31:26
    to produce testosterone drone in huge
  • 00:31:28
    quantities and their bodies
  • 00:31:33
    change and it's recently been discovered
  • 00:31:36
    that from the very start they seem to
  • 00:31:38
    behave differently as
  • 00:31:42
    well at just a few hours old girls
  • 00:31:45
    prefer to look at a human face while
  • 00:31:49
    boys will look at well anything
  • 00:31:55
    really barely born and yet girls like
  • 00:31:59
    people and boys like
  • 00:32:02
    [Music]
  • 00:32:12
    things Professor Simon Baron Cohen had a
  • 00:32:15
    hunch that the differences in Behavior
  • 00:32:17
    were down to
  • 00:32:19
    testosterone he just needed
  • 00:32:21
    proof I was very surprised to discover
  • 00:32:24
    that hospitals routinely store the
  • 00:32:27
    amniotic fluid after they carry out an
  • 00:32:32
    amniocentesis this was the opportunity
  • 00:32:34
    that we were looking for here was the
  • 00:32:36
    fluid that if you like allowed us to go
  • 00:32:38
    back in time to make any link between
  • 00:32:42
    the hormone levels in the womb and the
  • 00:32:44
    child's current
  • 00:32:47
    behavior well finding the amniocentesis
  • 00:32:50
    test was tremendously exciting because
  • 00:32:52
    it's never before were you able to
  • 00:32:54
    measure testosterone levels produced by
  • 00:32:57
    the child and look at later behavior in
  • 00:32:59
    relation to that oh look at that there
  • 00:33:02
    why do you think the big triangle is
  • 00:33:04
    pushing the little
  • 00:33:06
    one I you don't know well all the
  • 00:33:09
    cartoons are designed to make people
  • 00:33:11
    think about the two triangles as people
  • 00:33:14
    and what we want to look at is whether
  • 00:33:16
    there's any difference between the ones
  • 00:33:18
    with high testosterone and low
  • 00:33:22
    testosterone the kids with high
  • 00:33:24
    testosterone are more likely to behave
  • 00:33:26
    in a masculine way than the kids with
  • 00:33:28
    low
  • 00:33:29
    testosterone the mommy and the baby and
  • 00:33:32
    the mommy's pushing the baby out of the
  • 00:33:34
    F so she could watch tell the baby to
  • 00:33:38
    noisy yeah that's great if the big
  • 00:33:41
    triangle was a person what kind of
  • 00:33:44
    person would it
  • 00:33:45
    be a triangle person a triangle person
  • 00:33:49
    what about the little triangle what kind
  • 00:33:51
    of person would they be yeah but they're
  • 00:33:54
    not cuz they haven't got any legs and
  • 00:33:57
    we've been able to show that the
  • 00:33:59
    testosterone levels week 16 of your life
  • 00:34:03
    are related to the eye contact you make
  • 00:34:06
    the social relationships you have the
  • 00:34:08
    interests you have how fast you learn to
  • 00:34:10
    talk all these things that could be very
  • 00:34:12
    very important in the long term for who
  • 00:34:15
    you
  • 00:34:21
    are most of us will never have the
  • 00:34:23
    opportunity to have our amniotic fluid
  • 00:34:26
    analyzed
  • 00:34:28
    but there is a scientist whose
  • 00:34:30
    controversial Theory could mean that we
  • 00:34:32
    can all tell how much testosterone we've
  • 00:34:34
    been exposed to in the womb right
  • 00:34:39
    now our fingers have information about
  • 00:34:42
    how much testosterone how much estrogen
  • 00:34:44
    we've been exposed to in the womb so the
  • 00:34:47
    longer one's ring finger relative to
  • 00:34:49
    one's index finger the more testosterone
  • 00:34:51
    you've had and that testosterone has an
  • 00:34:53
    effect on the brain and on the body
  • 00:34:58
    if a boy has a large amount of
  • 00:34:59
    testosterone before birth he's likely to
  • 00:35:02
    be born with a very efficient heart and
  • 00:35:04
    vascular
  • 00:35:07
    system so the longer one's ring finger
  • 00:35:10
    relative to one's index finger the
  • 00:35:12
    faster one can
  • 00:35:13
    run these athletes are 5,000 m
  • 00:35:17
    Specialists Professor Manning has never
  • 00:35:19
    met them or seen them race but if his
  • 00:35:22
    theory is correct he'll be able to tell
  • 00:35:25
    us all about them well I should don't do
  • 00:35:28
    is look at the differences between the
  • 00:35:29
    ring finger and the index finger and on
  • 00:35:32
    that basis rank these Runners first
  • 00:35:34
    second third fourth and so
  • 00:35:36
    [Music]
  • 00:35:37
    on in theory that should
  • 00:35:40
    work in practice we're providing
  • 00:35:43
    Professor Manning with photocopies of
  • 00:35:45
    the athletes hands and in return he's
  • 00:35:47
    risking his reputation by providing us
  • 00:35:50
    with the results of a race that has yet
  • 00:35:52
    to be
  • 00:35:54
    run I'm I'm looking at a kind of living
  • 00:35:56
    fossil in the finger fingers something
  • 00:35:58
    which tells us about an event a long
  • 00:36:02
    time ago in the development of this
  • 00:36:03
    particular
  • 00:36:06
    [Music]
  • 00:36:08
    individual each of these cards has got a
  • 00:36:10
    number on the number's obscured so don't
  • 00:36:12
    take the front off uh and the number is
  • 00:36:14
    my prediction as to where you're going
  • 00:36:16
    to end up at the end of the
  • 00:36:18
    race on your
  • 00:36:21
    marks there are other variables that I
  • 00:36:23
    just have no knowledge of whatsoever how
  • 00:36:25
    many times are these Runners trained for
  • 00:36:27
    example uh are they feeling okay today
  • 00:36:30
    have they had a around with their
  • 00:36:31
    girlfriend you know I don't know these
  • 00:36:33
    men and all I've seen are their
  • 00:36:36
    hands you know I'm quite nervous about
  • 00:36:39
    this um I hope I'm right and uh I'm
  • 00:36:41
    willing to give it a
  • 00:36:44
    [Music]
  • 00:36:53
    go in most people the difference between
  • 00:36:56
    ring and index fingers is small but the
  • 00:37:00
    ring finger of one of our Runners is a
  • 00:37:02
    whopping 6 mm longer than his index
  • 00:37:05
    finger and Professor Manning is certain
  • 00:37:08
    that he's found his
  • 00:37:11
    [Music]
  • 00:37:20
    winner that was absolutely magnificent
  • 00:37:23
    thank you what I'd like you to do is to
  • 00:37:25
    line up in your finishing off order and
  • 00:37:28
    we'll work down the line and I'll rip
  • 00:37:31
    your numbers off starting with
  • 00:37:34
    Russell oh my God that is amazing luck
  • 00:37:38
    so
  • 00:37:40
    far no
  • 00:37:49
    wayover where he comes six we've got
  • 00:37:53
    four out of six right but the two that
  • 00:37:55
    were wrong were kind of quite close oh
  • 00:37:58
    yeah I thought the finger thing was
  • 00:38:00
    bollocks because there's so many
  • 00:38:01
    variables I'm very
  • 00:38:03
    [Music]
  • 00:38:04
    impressed Professor Manning has agreed
  • 00:38:07
    to do one further more radical
  • 00:38:10
    test to see if finger length can be used
  • 00:38:13
    to determine our volunteers brain sex
  • 00:38:16
    how male or female their brains
  • 00:38:19
    are if I arrange you along this line in
  • 00:38:24
    terms of the amount of testosterone
  • 00:38:26
    you've had before birth that has no
  • 00:38:29
    implications for
  • 00:38:30
    sexuality but it has some implications
  • 00:38:33
    about your very very early brain
  • 00:38:36
    [Music]
  • 00:38:38
    organization our fingers May provide a
  • 00:38:40
    record of testosterone in the womb
  • 00:38:43
    because the genes that trigger its
  • 00:38:45
    production also determine finger
  • 00:38:47
    [Music]
  • 00:38:51
    growth in general the men and women
  • 00:38:53
    perform to type the men are at the male
  • 00:38:57
    end
  • 00:38:58
    and the women are at the female end Liz
  • 00:39:01
    and Craig are at opposite
  • 00:39:03
    [Music]
  • 00:39:05
    [Applause]
  • 00:39:06
    ends but there's one
  • 00:39:09
    exception Grace's fingers put her well
  • 00:39:12
    into the male
  • 00:39:14
    domain in our survey of half a million
  • 00:39:17
    people the biggest difference between
  • 00:39:20
    men and women was in visual spatial
  • 00:39:24
    tasks on average men scored 40% higher
  • 00:39:28
    than
  • 00:39:32
    women but some women did outstandingly
  • 00:39:36
    well and Professor Manning thinks that's
  • 00:39:39
    partly down to
  • 00:39:40
    [Music]
  • 00:39:47
    testosterone if Professor Manning is
  • 00:39:49
    Right Grace should do rather well at our
  • 00:39:52
    very own visual spatial
  • 00:39:54
    task hi everybody hi
  • 00:39:58
    good morning I'm here today to teach you
  • 00:39:59
    on the cat 432 Bako
  • 00:40:04
    loader operating a digger requires a lot
  • 00:40:07
    of hand ey
  • 00:40:09
    coordination and visual spatial skills
  • 00:40:12
    okay is if you're holding a fine
  • 00:40:14
    lady and according to our survey most
  • 00:40:18
    women aren't that great at visual
  • 00:40:20
    spatial
  • 00:40:21
    skills put the bucket flat but bucket
  • 00:40:24
    which one's bucket don't don't dig it in
  • 00:40:27
    there
  • 00:40:29
    just got to be gentle say we're win cuz
  • 00:40:32
    we're gentle these little
  • 00:40:37
    like that's
  • 00:40:39
    brilliant all our volunteers have to do
  • 00:40:42
    is copy
  • 00:40:43
    Tony oh got to be kidding
  • 00:40:46
    me and try not to break too many
  • 00:40:52
    eggs according to Professor
  • 00:40:55
    Manning Grace is the only woman who'll
  • 00:40:58
    be any good at
  • 00:41:01
    this good
  • 00:41:04
    [Music]
  • 00:41:10
    luck oh
  • 00:41:12
    [ __ ] oh
  • 00:41:17
    [Music]
  • 00:41:19
    no as expected the women were
  • 00:41:22
    comprehensively outclassed by the men
  • 00:41:24
    I've breaking my bucket
  • 00:41:34
    but there was one exception Grace was
  • 00:41:37
    joint winner with
  • 00:41:39
    Lloyd scoring three times higher than
  • 00:41:42
    the rest of the
  • 00:41:43
    [Music]
  • 00:41:47
    women I think most of the the girls the
  • 00:41:50
    other four girls are living up to the
  • 00:41:51
    social expectations of being woman likee
  • 00:41:54
    whereas Grace hasn't fallen into that
  • 00:41:56
    trap
  • 00:42:01
    I'm a flight test engineer on the ight
  • 00:42:04
    typhoon I assess the aircraft systems
  • 00:42:08
    whilst it's being flown by one of our
  • 00:42:10
    test
  • 00:42:11
    pilots I wouldn't really say I was a
  • 00:42:14
    girly girl at
  • 00:42:15
    all I've always found boy toys far more
  • 00:42:18
    interesting than
  • 00:42:21
    girls you might think that Grace has
  • 00:42:23
    simply acquired 3D skills by becoming an
  • 00:42:25
    engineer
  • 00:42:27
    but her fingers tell a different
  • 00:42:29
    [Music]
  • 00:42:32
    story even before she was born
  • 00:42:34
    testosterone gave Grace a more male
  • 00:42:37
    brain with better visual spatial
  • 00:42:41
    [Music]
  • 00:42:45
    skills testosterone is an incredibly
  • 00:42:48
    powerful hormone that affects us all men
  • 00:42:51
    and women a triangle person a triangle
  • 00:42:55
    person it shapes our body
  • 00:42:58
    oh my God and affects our
  • 00:43:01
    [Music]
  • 00:43:02
    minds and it even seems to be at the
  • 00:43:05
    heart of why on average women are better
  • 00:43:07
    at language and emotional
  • 00:43:10
    skills while men are better at visual
  • 00:43:12
    spatial
  • 00:43:14
    skills but of course it's not quite that
  • 00:43:19
    simple averages conceal individual
  • 00:43:23
    differences we've got nine months in the
  • 00:43:25
    room to consider and testosterone is not
  • 00:43:29
    produced in the same amounts throughout
  • 00:43:31
    those nine
  • 00:43:32
    months so that this possible to have a
  • 00:43:36
    kind of Mosaic
  • 00:43:38
    brain different levels of testosterone
  • 00:43:41
    at different times in development might
  • 00:43:44
    explain apparently contradictory brain
  • 00:43:46
    skills in the same
  • 00:43:49
    person so although Pat's verbal skills
  • 00:43:52
    put him firmly in the male
  • 00:43:54
    Camp he was as sensitive as most women
  • 00:43:58
    when it came to some tests of
  • 00:44:01
    empathy previously um I perceived it as
  • 00:44:04
    a weakness but as the days have gone by
  • 00:44:08
    and going through all the tests I'm
  • 00:44:10
    quite happy that I've got another side
  • 00:44:12
    to
  • 00:44:13
    me but I was also happy that most of the
  • 00:44:16
    times I was standing on the 100 100%
  • 00:44:18
    mile brain
  • 00:44:21
    [Music]
  • 00:44:23
    size time for one last test
  • 00:44:28
    a this task is going to be about
  • 00:44:31
    changing
  • 00:44:32
    nappies and one of you lucky ladies is
  • 00:44:35
    going to have to be with this while
  • 00:44:36
    crying
  • 00:44:39
    baby on the face of it simply a question
  • 00:44:42
    of who's best at child
  • 00:44:44
    care but in fact it has a deeper purpose
  • 00:44:48
    you're a good boy for Auntie Lulu aren
  • 00:44:50
    you cuz you didn't do any any any
  • 00:44:52
    naughtiness for Lulu
  • 00:44:57
    as we might expect most of the women do
  • 00:44:59
    the task
  • 00:45:05
    well here you go right mate how you
  • 00:45:09
    doing while most of the
  • 00:45:11
    men
  • 00:45:13
    [Music]
  • 00:45:16
    struggle and see how this thing
  • 00:45:19
    works
  • 00:45:21
    okay I think I've got it wrong already
  • 00:45:24
    try
  • 00:45:25
    again okay m
  • 00:45:27
    this will be
  • 00:45:29
    interesting and you might expect
  • 00:45:31
    testosterone fueled Ultra male brained
  • 00:45:34
    Lloyd to struggle more than
  • 00:45:39
    most I don't think I did a a
  • 00:45:41
    particularly good job with connecting
  • 00:45:43
    with a
  • 00:45:44
    child there was a task to do and I just
  • 00:45:46
    had to get on with it and do
  • 00:45:48
    it you know I could be changing the tyon
  • 00:45:50
    a car it's a little bit to one
  • 00:45:53
    side even we own some I find it quite
  • 00:45:56
    alen connect with him I only made a
  • 00:45:58
    connection with my son as he grew older
  • 00:46:00
    and the connection got stronger and
  • 00:46:01
    stronger wasn't instinctive uh immediate
  • 00:46:04
    Bond it was something that grew very
  • 00:46:07
    very gradually with my
  • 00:46:09
    sun here can you see just just hit there
  • 00:46:12
    back a bit
  • 00:46:15
    sh I don't connect too easily with
  • 00:46:17
    people that's actually making me quite
  • 00:46:18
    emotional actually want to cry
  • 00:46:29
    I feel like there's something
  • 00:46:40
    missing many men find making emotional
  • 00:46:43
    connections
  • 00:46:46
    difficult once the women had changed the
  • 00:46:48
    nappy they picked the baby up in stark
  • 00:46:52
    contrast most of the men simply stepped
  • 00:46:55
    away
  • 00:46:57
    what doing
  • 00:46:59
    here do you want me to return her or
  • 00:47:03
    everything's fine nappy
  • 00:47:04
    changed baby spoken
  • 00:47:07
    to task
  • 00:47:12
    done Ki you going to be a footballer
  • 00:47:16
    look yet despite Lloyd's fear that he
  • 00:47:17
    doesn't readily connect when it came to
  • 00:47:20
    the end of the baby test he surprised
  • 00:47:23
    everyone oh there's a real the real
  • 00:47:26
    connection
  • 00:47:28
    he's enjoying that feels looks natural
  • 00:47:30
    to him it feels
  • 00:47:32
    naturaliss you I see we're talking now
  • 00:47:36
    aren
  • 00:47:37
    we Lloyd is aware that he's not
  • 00:47:39
    naturally
  • 00:47:41
    empathic so he's made more of an effort
  • 00:47:44
    working his brain
  • 00:47:46
    harder the result is that his behavior
  • 00:47:49
    is indistinguishable from the
  • 00:47:54
    women I feel really quite emotion
  • 00:47:58
    that's
  • 00:47:59
    lovely lovely it's almost like he does
  • 00:48:02
    all these empathic things but in his
  • 00:48:03
    mind these things don't add add up to
  • 00:48:05
    empathy for some reason I'm not quite
  • 00:48:07
    sure I'm not quite sure how he would
  • 00:48:09
    describe these
  • 00:48:11
    [Music]
  • 00:48:14
    things the sex of our brain is not as
  • 00:48:17
    clearcut as the sex of our body I'm much
  • 00:48:20
    more feminine than I
  • 00:48:22
    realized while women tend to have female
  • 00:48:25
    brain sex and Men usually have male
  • 00:48:27
    brain sex as individuals we are a mosaic
  • 00:48:31
    a unique mixture of both as a
  • 00:48:33
    childminder looking after kids I'd have
  • 00:48:36
    hoped my empathy score would be a bit
  • 00:48:40
    better I have got a hard exterior but
  • 00:48:43
    it's ni I've got a soft interior I can
  • 00:48:45
    learn a lot from Patty uh and Patty has
  • 00:48:47
    has learned me a lot
  • 00:48:49
    already they're saying that guys have
  • 00:48:51
    these skills and girls have these but I
  • 00:48:53
    think you'd be more successful if you
  • 00:48:54
    were a guy who had all these female
  • 00:48:55
    skills cuz you have something different
  • 00:48:57
    to offer I perhaps assumed that I had
  • 00:49:00
    more of a male brain than a female brain
  • 00:49:03
    but I think that I have got quite a lot
  • 00:49:05
    of my female aspects as well and then
  • 00:49:07
    hopefully become a better person for IT
  • 00:49:11
    and knowing about our brain sex and
  • 00:49:12
    where our strengths and weaknesses lie
  • 00:49:15
    has to mean a better understanding of
  • 00:49:17
    ourselves and each other I think it's a
  • 00:49:20
    two-way street and actually that we both
  • 00:49:23
    actually have to take a little bit more
  • 00:49:24
    time and effort to understand where the
  • 00:49:25
    other person is is coming
  • 00:49:29
    from yeah
  • 00:49:35
    [Music]
  • 00:49:41
    [Music]
  • 00:49:55
    [Music]
Etiquetas
  • gender differences
  • psychology
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  • empathy
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  • brain study
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  • sex survey