Television Production Process

00:45:10
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ivfVt6wyPA

Résumé

TLDRIn this video, the speaker discusses the television production process, starting with the setup and components of a TV studio. Key elements such as cameras, teleprompters, clocks, and program monitors are explained, highlighting their roles in creating a broadcast. The lecture goes into detailed descriptions of a basic television system's audio and video components, including cameras and VTRs (video tape recorders). The terminology of ENG (Electronic News Gathering) and EFP (Electronic Field Production) is introduced, emphasizing their unique purposes in broadcasting. Acronyms like CCU (Camera Control Unit) and GX (graphics) are detailed explaining their roles in production. Different systems, such as basic and expanded EFP, are compared, with the latter allowing for improved live broadcast capabilities through multiple synced cameras and a switcher to manage video inputs. The lecturer emphasizes the importance of understanding control room equipment, such as switchers and mixers, for managing visual and audio feeds. Lastly, the video touches on editing software options and encourages students to engage actively in learning by asking questions and utilizing teaching resources.

A retenir

  • 🎥 Television production involves various equipment and terminology to create and broadcast content.
  • 📹 A basic television system includes a camera system with both audio and video components.
  • 🖥️ ENG and EFP have distinct roles; ENG is for news, while EFP is typically for non-news field production.
  • 🔄 Switchers are key for controlling video sources, important in live broadcast environments.
  • 🎛️ Audio mixing is as crucial as video switching, handled by mixers in production.
  • 📝 Acronyms like VTR, CCU, and GX are integral to understanding industry lingo.
  • 🔍 Understanding equipment like teleprompters, program monitors, and cameras is essential for communication in the field.
  • 💡 Mastery of terminology and equipment enables smoother professional collaboration.
  • 📺 Different production systems (basic vs expanded) cater to varying budget and broadcasting needs.
  • 🎓 Learning the TV production vocabulary is key to succeeding in the industry.

Chronologie

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    The first segment introduces the different components of a television production studio, including cameras, teleprompters, program monitors, and lighting systems. It emphasizes the significance of understanding the terminology and equipment used in a studio setup. The initial setup includes the explanation of basic equipment like cameras, microphones, and video display systems.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    The speaker explains the basic components and terminologies in a television system, focusing on the importance of cameras for video capture and microphones for audio. He introduces a videotape recorder (VTR) and a transmitter's roles in recording or broadcasting audio and video content. Additionally, the differences between live broadcasting and recorded content are discussed.

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    This part elaborates further on television production terminology, introducing Electronic News Gathering (ENG) and Electronic Field Production (EFP). The speaker explains the concept of jam syncing cameras for synchronized editing purposes, highlighting the operational dynamics of multiple camera setups and how audio is managed with such systems.

  • 00:15:00 - 00:20:00

    An expanded EFP system is described in this segment, including additional components like switchers which help manage multiple video inputs. The speaker uses examples of sports and news broadcasting to illustrate the practical application of an expanded EFP setup. The introduction of a control room and program monitor as crucial parts of a broadcast setup is also mentioned.

  • 00:20:00 - 00:25:00

    Focus shifts to the practicalities of television production and its economic considerations. The speaker contrasts basic and expanded EFP systems, pointing out cost constraints and operational complexities. He explains why not all broadcast scenarios require an expanded system and provides insight into the cost-related decision-making process in TV production.

  • 00:25:00 - 00:30:00

    This section explains ENG setups, detailing a typical one-camera structure useful for news reporting. It covers camera components like lenses and viewfinders, power sources, and recording mechanisms. The speaker elaborates on handheld camera challenges and alternative supporting equipment like tripods, and various microphone types used in production.

  • 00:30:00 - 00:35:00

    The speaker introduces analog vs. digital media formats, explaining why digital is preferable in modern productions. He describes various digital video formats and mentions the transition towards tapeless formats, which have become standard due to their enhanced efficiency. This segment also addresses the storage and recording technology in television.

  • 00:35:00 - 00:40:00

    Switchers and mixers are introduced, highlighting their roles in controlling video and audio inputs during production. The segment includes a basic explanation of program buses and master controls, with practical demonstrations on how these devices are used to manage live broadcasts. The speaker provides examples of large and small mixers and their applications.

  • 00:40:00 - 00:45:10

    The lecture concludes by touching upon graphics creation, replay systems, and editing in television production. It emphasizes the importance of editing software, mentioning options like Adobe Premiere and Final Cut Pro. The session wraps up by encouraging students to approach the instructor with questions, emphasizing the interactive learning experience offered in the course.

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Carte mentale

Vidéo Q&R

  • What is a VTR?

    VTR stands for videotape recorder, used in television production to record video for playback or editing.

  • What is a teleprompter?

    A teleprompter is a device mounted on cameras to display text for the announcer or host to read while looking into the camera.

  • What does ENG stand for?

    ENG stands for Electronic News Gathering, focusing on news coverage with typically one camera.

  • What does EFP stand for?

    EFP stands for Electronic Field Production, usually for non-news events happening outside the studio with multiple cameras.

  • What is the difference between a switcher and a mixer?

    A switcher is used to select and route video sources, while a mixer is used to mix audio sources.

  • What is the function of a program monitor?

    A program monitor displays the final video output that is being transmitted or recorded.

  • What does GX stand for in television production?

    GX stands for graphics, referring to the text or images superimposed on a video.

  • What is a CCU?

    CCU stands for Camera Control Unit, which allows operators to control the camera settings remotely.

  • What is the primary difference between analog and digital formats?

    Analog formats use continuous signals, while digital formats use discrete signals, making digital generally superior.

  • Why might a basic EFP system be chosen over an expanded one?

    A basic EFP system is more cost-effective, though less flexible for live editing and switching.

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  • 00:00:00
    today we're going to talk about the
  • 00:00:01
    television production process I lifted
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    this photo off of the internet it shows
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    a beautiful set with a few cameras they
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    look like kind of small cameras but uh I
  • 00:00:13
    think you get the idea in fact let me
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    point out a few things to
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    you we've got oh there I am one camera
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    here one camera here and one camera here
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    what's on top of the camera here this is
  • 00:00:25
    called a teleprompter in any good Studio
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    you'll also have this clock uh m clock
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    is a little bit different it comes off
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    an iPhone it's not quite as cool as this
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    but every Studio would have a good clock
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    also a program monitor we're going to
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    discuss what we mean by program here in
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    the next couple of lectures but this is
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    a monitor that displays to the person
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    what's actually going on and in fact I'm
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    actually looking at a monitor just like
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    this so that I can see what it is I'm
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    actually pointing at uh and then we have
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    a set here we talked about the set that
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    I was using uh here in this studio uh
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    and then we'll also have lighting these
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    are soft lights that are here up in this
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    area and then a couple of hard lights
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    and then a couple of technicians who are
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    working on those lights we're going to
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    discuss over the course of this semester
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    what all of these things mean and by the
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    end of the semester you're going to be
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    an expert in the lingo this class is at
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    least the theoretical portion of it is
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    really all about what I call the
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    doctrine the lingo of Television
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    production and there's a lot of
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    vocabulary that you'll need to learn but
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    just like anything that you're becoming
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    an expert in it's all about
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    understanding the vocabulary so that you
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    can communicate with other people who
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    are working in the profession and that's
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    what we're going to talk about today
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    we're going to discuss some of the basic
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    terminology and I want to get right into
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    this basic television system any basic
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    television system is going to include a
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    camera you're always going to have that
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    camera here's an example of a camera you
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    can see the camera here this this is
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    called a viewfinder this is the battery
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    pack here's a monitor that shows the
  • 00:02:04
    camera operator what they're seeing on
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    the camera there's another little LCD
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    screen just right down here and then we
  • 00:02:09
    also see this teleprompter which we'll
  • 00:02:11
    discuss that's kind of difficult to see
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    because the camera is facing away from
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    it but this is the view that you would
  • 00:02:17
    get of a camera as a camera operator
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    you'll have a camera that's the source
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    of video in a basic television system
  • 00:02:25
    and then you'll also have a microphone
  • 00:02:27
    which is the source of audio in theele
  • 00:02:29
    ision system now I want to go ahead and
  • 00:02:32
    discuss some aspects of this vocabulary
  • 00:02:35
    that we've already talked about uh we've
  • 00:02:38
    talked about video and we've talked
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    about audio video is the visual
  • 00:02:43
    representation of what you're seeing on
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    television what you are actually viewing
  • 00:02:48
    that's the video the audio is what
  • 00:02:51
    you're hearing uh I've got a wonderful
  • 00:02:53
    little microphone if I tap it yeah I
  • 00:02:55
    know that's horrible probably made the
  • 00:02:56
    guys in the control room mad when I
  • 00:02:58
    tapped it but that's the source of audio
  • 00:03:00
    I'm looking into a camera I'm talking
  • 00:03:02
    into a microphone that's the video and
  • 00:03:05
    the audio now in a basic television
  • 00:03:08
    system you're going to have the element
  • 00:03:11
    of the video coming from the camera and
  • 00:03:13
    the element of audio being fed into
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    either a VTR or a transmitter here we go
  • 00:03:20
    more vocabulary Dave what's a VTR VTR
  • 00:03:25
    stands for videotape recorder and I'll
  • 00:03:28
    tell you what you are going to see
  • 00:03:30
    acronyms all the time in television
  • 00:03:32
    production VTR it's not a VHS machine or
  • 00:03:36
    a VCR or something like that it's a VTR
  • 00:03:39
    videotape recorder what's interesting
  • 00:03:41
    about it too is that even though we're
  • 00:03:43
    not necessarily using videotape you will
  • 00:03:46
    still hear it called a VTR I know it's
  • 00:03:48
    kind of crazy but that's the way the
  • 00:03:50
    business Works a VTR is essentially just
  • 00:03:52
    a recorder makes it so that it can be
  • 00:03:54
    played back at a later time or edited in
  • 00:03:57
    an editing system a transmitter would be
  • 00:04:00
    if the uh video and audio is being
  • 00:04:03
    broadcast to a larger area a transmitter
  • 00:04:06
    is what actually does the broadcasting
  • 00:04:08
    when you're watching live news you'll
  • 00:04:10
    see uh what's being fed in the studio
  • 00:04:13
    from the camera and what's being
  • 00:04:14
    recorded via the microphone being
  • 00:04:17
    broadcast to a wide area live news live
  • 00:04:20
    sports those are things that utilize
  • 00:04:21
    this transmitter now just because we
  • 00:04:24
    record something doesn't mean we can't
  • 00:04:26
    later broadcast it via a transmitter and
  • 00:04:29
    that happens all the time in television
  • 00:04:30
    production but this V basic system is
  • 00:04:33
    going to have some sort of video device
  • 00:04:35
    some sort of audio device and then it's
  • 00:04:38
    going to either be recorded or it's
  • 00:04:39
    going to be broadcast immediately or
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    it's going to be recorded and then
  • 00:04:44
    broadcast later on you can see down here
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    now we have EG or
  • 00:04:50
    efp ah yes I've said there are acronyms
  • 00:04:54
    and indeed there are many
  • 00:04:56
    acronyms stands for elect electronic
  • 00:05:00
    news Gathering and efp stands for
  • 00:05:03
    electronic field production these are
  • 00:05:06
    important ones you'll hear them
  • 00:05:07
    throughout the rest of the lecture and
  • 00:05:09
    we'll use them quite often as we
  • 00:05:11
    continue in the semester EG is
  • 00:05:13
    electronic news production efp is
  • 00:05:17
    electronic field production electronic
  • 00:05:20
    news Gathering electronic field
  • 00:05:21
    production maybe they're in there I hope
  • 00:05:23
    so if not study those because you'll
  • 00:05:25
    need to know those let's go ahead and
  • 00:05:27
    look at a basic efp key system or an
  • 00:05:31
    electronic field production system with
  • 00:05:33
    no switcher now you may not completely
  • 00:05:36
    understand what a switcher is at this
  • 00:05:38
    point but we will talk about it in just
  • 00:05:40
    a little bit but this is an efp system
  • 00:05:42
    that does not include a
  • 00:05:44
    switcher you would have one or more
  • 00:05:47
    cameras here and then the cameras are
  • 00:05:50
    going to be hooked up to each other in
  • 00:05:52
    the business we call this being Jam
  • 00:05:54
    synced when I see they're hooked up
  • 00:05:56
    together the timing is hooked up they
  • 00:05:59
    have clocks that are associated with
  • 00:06:01
    them you'll connect them up with a cable
  • 00:06:03
    the clocks will be synchronized so that
  • 00:06:05
    when we go back to edit that particular
  • 00:06:08
    footage that we found that we have at a
  • 00:06:10
    specific point in time on One camera
  • 00:06:13
    being the exact same point in time on a
  • 00:06:15
    different camera we Jam sync the two
  • 00:06:18
    clocks together and then we know that
  • 00:06:20
    the timing on One camera is the same as
  • 00:06:22
    the timing on the other which allows us
  • 00:06:24
    then to edit the program without any
  • 00:06:27
    issues Jam synced now that when we have
  • 00:06:30
    we could have more than two cameras
  • 00:06:32
    there may be six cameras there may be 10
  • 00:06:34
    cameras and they're all Jam sync
  • 00:06:36
    together now we will also have audio in
  • 00:06:39
    one of these cameras meaning that we
  • 00:06:41
    have audio being recorded by one of the
  • 00:06:44
    cameras not all of the cameras have to
  • 00:06:46
    record audio but one does I have a
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    microphone here I can connect this to
  • 00:06:51
    One camera I can have one or more other
  • 00:06:54
    cameras and we could just use the same
  • 00:06:57
    audio that's being recorded by the one
  • 00:06:59
    camera camera as necessary so anytime
  • 00:07:01
    you have efp or electronic field
  • 00:07:03
    production with no switcher you'll have
  • 00:07:05
    one or more cameras that are syned
  • 00:07:07
    together in some way so that we know
  • 00:07:09
    that the timing on one is the same as
  • 00:07:11
    the timing on the others and we'll be
  • 00:07:12
    recording audio on at least one of those
  • 00:07:15
    cameras there's a I don't know you find
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    stuff on the internet uh you all know
  • 00:07:20
    the Internet it's a crazy place you'll
  • 00:07:21
    find stuff why you know Jam sync the
  • 00:07:25
    camera this I don't know orange this is
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    maybe uh Annoying Orange before he
  • 00:07:31
    became orange so you could see he's
  • 00:07:33
    annoying but anyway I don't know what
  • 00:07:35
    that means maybe you don't even know
  • 00:07:36
    what Annoying Orange is who
  • 00:07:38
    knows now we're going to contrast that
  • 00:07:41
    with the expanded efp
  • 00:07:45
    system the simple efp system or the
  • 00:07:49
    basic efp system would include one or
  • 00:07:52
    more
  • 00:07:53
    cameras but none of them are hooked
  • 00:07:56
    together they're all independent from
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    each other except for that timing
  • 00:07:59
    that's hooked together in other words
  • 00:08:01
    there's no means for us to get one video
  • 00:08:04
    from one source and mix that with video
  • 00:08:06
    from another source I'm going to go
  • 00:08:07
    ahead and ask the guys in the control
  • 00:08:09
    room Cory go ahead and give me just a
  • 00:08:11
    cross dissolve between this camera and
  • 00:08:12
    this camera and stop it halfway through
  • 00:08:14
    so that we can show that we can actually
  • 00:08:16
    see both of these cameras that are on
  • 00:08:18
    set at the exact same time the reason
  • 00:08:20
    why Corey in the control room is able to
  • 00:08:22
    do this is because he has what's called
  • 00:08:24
    a switcher we're going to go ahead and
  • 00:08:26
    talk about that let's go ahead and go
  • 00:08:27
    back here to camera 2 Cory thank you
  • 00:08:29
    take a look at this expanded efp system
  • 00:08:32
    in the expanded efp system you're going
  • 00:08:34
    to have more than one camera generally
  • 00:08:37
    it doesn't really make sense for us to
  • 00:08:39
    have just one camera in this expanded
  • 00:08:42
    efp system because we're going to want
  • 00:08:44
    to mix the outputs of these various
  • 00:08:46
    cameras now think of this as being
  • 00:08:48
    something like a football game or a
  • 00:08:50
    newscast or this particular video that
  • 00:08:52
    I'm working on there's three cameras in
  • 00:08:55
    the room right now and I'm addressing
  • 00:08:56
    any of those three and at any time uh my
  • 00:08:59
    technical director/ director Corey can
  • 00:09:02
    use this piece of equipment called a
  • 00:09:03
    switcher to switch it's got a clever
  • 00:09:06
    name switch between the camera inputs he
  • 00:09:08
    can go to this particular camera that
  • 00:09:11
    has the graphics that allows me to
  • 00:09:12
    actually step into the graphics and
  • 00:09:13
    point at things or he can go to one of
  • 00:09:15
    the other two cameras where I'm actually
  • 00:09:17
    able to address cameras right on the set
  • 00:09:20
    I'm actually able to look at you and uh
  • 00:09:23
    not be in front of the graphics if that
  • 00:09:25
    makes
  • 00:09:25
    sense so Cory has this switcher he has
  • 00:09:29
    the ability to switch between the
  • 00:09:31
    cameras this then feeds to a program
  • 00:09:34
    Monitor and I have a picture here of a
  • 00:09:37
    bunch of different monitors in a control
  • 00:09:39
    room where all of the St the cool stuff
  • 00:09:42
    happens that's called a control room
  • 00:09:44
    lots of lots of lingo I know it over
  • 00:09:47
    here this one right here this monitor
  • 00:09:48
    right here is the program monitor the
  • 00:09:50
    program monitor if you want the
  • 00:09:52
    definition which I'm sure you do the
  • 00:09:54
    program monitor is what displays the
  • 00:09:57
    video portion of what what's actually
  • 00:09:59
    going out to air if it's in being
  • 00:10:01
    transmitted or broadcast or what's going
  • 00:10:04
    to videotape or to the recording if it's
  • 00:10:07
    being recorded using a VTR or some other
  • 00:10:10
    sort of recording device so the program
  • 00:10:12
    monitor shows what is actually happening
  • 00:10:15
    at the current
  • 00:10:17
    time that's the video portion of things
  • 00:10:19
    you have camera maybe three cameras here
  • 00:10:23
    camera 1 camera 2 camera 3 and then you
  • 00:10:25
    also have other video sources uh which
  • 00:10:29
    could be W oh there's another one
  • 00:10:31
    another acronym Dave what does the
  • 00:10:33
    acronym WX stand for well it stands for
  • 00:10:38
    weather I'm giving you just a second to
  • 00:10:40
    think about that WX stands for weather I
  • 00:10:42
    know it's funky but that's what it is WX
  • 00:10:45
    stands for weather so you may have
  • 00:10:47
    noticed that I could have weather
  • 00:10:50
    Graphics behind me and I could be
  • 00:10:51
    pointing out a warmfront coming through
  • 00:10:54
    and there's clouds all over Utah those
  • 00:10:56
    would be coming from weather Graphics
  • 00:10:58
    now I happen to just have a computer
  • 00:11:00
    that's displaying another source of
  • 00:11:02
    graphics and those Graphics are this
  • 00:11:05
    particular PowerPoint which you would
  • 00:11:07
    see on a projector if I was in a
  • 00:11:09
    classroom but I can still walk in front
  • 00:11:12
    of them and point things out to you just
  • 00:11:13
    the same you can also have things from
  • 00:11:16
    Tower cameras if you're watching the
  • 00:11:18
    news you'll see shots of St George
  • 00:11:21
    overall or shots of Salt Lake City that
  • 00:11:23
    show different things going on uh these
  • 00:11:25
    other sources could be uh feeds coming
  • 00:11:28
    in from other places uh reporters that
  • 00:11:31
    are out on the scene broadcasting live
  • 00:11:33
    there could be all kinds of things that
  • 00:11:34
    are being fed into this one switch this
  • 00:11:37
    one switcher and then the person
  • 00:11:39
    operating the switcher can push buttons
  • 00:11:41
    on that switcher to choose which source
  • 00:11:44
    is currently being
  • 00:11:45
    shown that's the video portion of things
  • 00:11:48
    the audio portion of things you'll have
  • 00:11:52
    a handful of microphones or audio that's
  • 00:11:55
    coming out of other video sources for
  • 00:11:59
    example if I have a recording that I
  • 00:12:01
    want to play back for you I'll play the
  • 00:12:03
    video for you and with that video will
  • 00:12:05
    also be some audio and that audio will
  • 00:12:08
    also be part of these inputs or sources
  • 00:12:11
    of audio now those sources of audio are
  • 00:12:15
    fed into what's called a mixer switchers
  • 00:12:19
    switch
  • 00:12:20
    video mixers mix audio switchers switch
  • 00:12:27
    mixers mix switchers are for video
  • 00:12:31
    mixers are for audio I have a couple of
  • 00:12:34
    pictures of a switcher or two and a
  • 00:12:35
    mixer or two that I'll talk to you in
  • 00:12:37
    just a second but switchers handle the
  • 00:12:39
    video mixers handle the audio the
  • 00:12:41
    program monitor displays the video the
  • 00:12:44
    audio is fed from the mixer the program
  • 00:12:46
    monitor or switcher output shows the
  • 00:12:48
    video and then those things are recorded
  • 00:12:50
    either to a VTR or broadcast through a
  • 00:12:53
    transmitter so you can see that the
  • 00:12:55
    expanded efp system has a lot more
  • 00:12:59
    capabilities as far as inputs and you'll
  • 00:13:02
    find that with things like football
  • 00:13:04
    games and uh other things like news
  • 00:13:07
    where you've got a lot going on now I
  • 00:13:09
    want to spend just a little bit of time
  • 00:13:11
    explaining something that is extremely
  • 00:13:13
    important and something that a lot of
  • 00:13:16
    people at least from what I've seen just
  • 00:13:18
    don't
  • 00:13:19
    understand stuff in television
  • 00:13:22
    production equipment in television
  • 00:13:23
    production is very expensive so you
  • 00:13:25
    might say hey Dave why not just use the
  • 00:13:29
    expanded efp system and and use that for
  • 00:13:31
    everything you want well because cameras
  • 00:13:33
    cost a lot of money and switchers cost a
  • 00:13:35
    lot of money and mixers cost a lot of
  • 00:13:37
    money and so forth so yeah it would be
  • 00:13:39
    nice to go out there with 25 cameras
  • 00:13:42
    with an expanded efp system and just
  • 00:13:44
    shoot whatever we want and have a camera
  • 00:13:46
    on everything but every time you add a
  • 00:13:48
    camera it requires another camera
  • 00:13:50
    operator it requires more equipment it
  • 00:13:52
    requires a larger switcher to be able to
  • 00:13:54
    handle all those inputs in short it
  • 00:13:56
    requires a ton of money
  • 00:13:59
    so what are the pros and cons of the
  • 00:14:01
    basic over the expanded efp system basic
  • 00:14:04
    efp system is inexpensive compared to
  • 00:14:08
    the expanded system however it's also
  • 00:14:10
    simpler it's more difficult in the
  • 00:14:12
    editing process because you're not able
  • 00:14:14
    to just select things live uh but it
  • 00:14:17
    it's cheaper and that's a lot of reasons
  • 00:14:19
    why that type of system would be used
  • 00:14:21
    over the expanded
  • 00:14:23
    system so let's go ahead and get to
  • 00:14:27
    now what is
  • 00:14:30
    EMG yeah think about it we just went
  • 00:14:32
    over this you're thinking back in your
  • 00:14:34
    mind I can I can feel it I can feel it
  • 00:14:37
    over The Ether what is that electronic
  • 00:14:40
    news Gathering I heard someone say it
  • 00:14:41
    good job EG is electronic news Gathering
  • 00:14:45
    and when we look at electronic news
  • 00:14:46
    Gathering we're generally only going to
  • 00:14:49
    see one camera in an EG setup generally
  • 00:14:53
    you'll have a reporter either handling
  • 00:14:55
    their own camera or going with a camera
  • 00:14:57
    operator with with only one camera and
  • 00:15:00
    taking that one camera to record
  • 00:15:02
    everything they want here's a very basic
  • 00:15:04
    EG setup this just looks like a camera
  • 00:15:06
    doesn't it well yeah that's what it is
  • 00:15:08
    it's on this tripod we'll talk about
  • 00:15:10
    that in a couple of lectures from now
  • 00:15:12
    different ways of supporting the camera
  • 00:15:14
    this one happens to be on a tripod but
  • 00:15:17
    with a basic EG setup you're going to
  • 00:15:19
    have that camera on the front of the
  • 00:15:23
    camera and you can see it here right
  • 00:15:25
    there this is called the lens the lens
  • 00:15:28
    is what takes light
  • 00:15:32
    and and focuses that light onto the
  • 00:15:35
    front of the camera onto the actual
  • 00:15:36
    pickup device the element that actually
  • 00:15:39
    changes that light into an electronic
  • 00:15:41
    signal so the lens takes that and
  • 00:15:43
    focuses that light right into the camera
  • 00:15:45
    so if we had light coming in from the
  • 00:15:47
    outside it would come in here through
  • 00:15:49
    the lens the lens would then focus it
  • 00:15:51
    right into this area of the camera right
  • 00:15:53
    about here where that camera would then
  • 00:15:55
    take that light and convert it into
  • 00:15:58
    electronic signals we would also have
  • 00:16:01
    the body or the head now I I don't
  • 00:16:04
    understand television sometimes I I
  • 00:16:06
    don't get it all the time but I have
  • 00:16:09
    seen people call the actual camera
  • 00:16:11
    itself not the lens here but the actual
  • 00:16:14
    thing that actually does the recording
  • 00:16:16
    I've heard it called a body and I've
  • 00:16:18
    also called heard it called a head I
  • 00:16:21
    don't get it here's my head here's my
  • 00:16:23
    body they're two different things but in
  • 00:16:24
    television you'll hear them called the
  • 00:16:25
    same thing so you have a body your head
  • 00:16:27
    anytime you hear or see these terms they
  • 00:16:31
    may be referring to the actual camera
  • 00:16:33
    itself now when I say may you you're
  • 00:16:36
    going to go crazy you're going to hurt
  • 00:16:37
    me I I can tell that's why I'm doing
  • 00:16:39
    this by videos so that you can't hurt me
  • 00:16:41
    because that body or head the head
  • 00:16:44
    especially is used to call other things
  • 00:16:47
    like this is also called a head we'll
  • 00:16:49
    get to that in just a second but yeah
  • 00:16:51
    the terminology is kind of thrown around
  • 00:16:52
    all over the place that's why I want to
  • 00:16:54
    make sure that you understand all the
  • 00:16:55
    different terms so the body or the head
  • 00:16:58
    is the actual camera itself the lens is
  • 00:17:00
    on the front of that body or head which
  • 00:17:03
    focuses the light into the body or head
  • 00:17:05
    and allows it to be converted into
  • 00:17:06
    electronic signal then you also have the
  • 00:17:08
    eyepiece or the viewfinder on this
  • 00:17:11
    camera this is an eyepiece up here the
  • 00:17:14
    eyepiece is what allows the camera
  • 00:17:16
    operator to see what the camera is
  • 00:17:18
    currently recording or there may be a
  • 00:17:20
    viewfinder which would be a larger
  • 00:17:22
    screen that allows them just to look at
  • 00:17:24
    it eyepiece is actually directed right
  • 00:17:26
    on the eye the viewfinder is a larger
  • 00:17:28
    screen that they can stand behind and
  • 00:17:29
    actually look at it that's the IP store
  • 00:17:31
    the viewfinder then we have a CCU or a
  • 00:17:37
    VTR yes another acronym
  • 00:17:41
    CCU CCU stands for camera control unit
  • 00:17:46
    camera control unit if you have an egg
  • 00:17:50
    setup with a single camera you may have
  • 00:17:52
    a control unit or a camera control unit
  • 00:17:54
    located somewhere else the camera
  • 00:17:56
    control unit allows operators to adjust
  • 00:18:00
    elements of the camera independently of
  • 00:18:02
    the camera head itself they can adjust
  • 00:18:05
    things like the exposure the iris the
  • 00:18:07
    color balance things like that we'll
  • 00:18:10
    talk about what all those things do in
  • 00:18:12
    the next few lectures but allow yourself
  • 00:18:15
    to understand that a CCU is a separate
  • 00:18:18
    piece of equipment that's connected to
  • 00:18:20
    the camera that helps to
  • 00:18:22
    control the visual aspects and elements
  • 00:18:25
    of that camera we have already talked
  • 00:18:27
    about a VTR by now you should know that
  • 00:18:29
    means videotape
  • 00:18:32
    recorder and the camera may be hooked up
  • 00:18:34
    to that videotape recorder then we as in
  • 00:18:37
    anything we need some sort of
  • 00:18:39
    electricity either coming from a battery
  • 00:18:41
    or from an AC adapter meaning that it's
  • 00:18:44
    plugged into the wall so you'll have
  • 00:18:46
    these elements as far as the camera is
  • 00:18:49
    concerned the lens the body or the head
  • 00:18:52
    the eyepiece of the viewfinder the CCU
  • 00:18:54
    or the VTR or the battery or the AC
  • 00:18:56
    adapter so you'll have lens
  • 00:18:58
    you have the camera itself some means of
  • 00:19:01
    seeing what the camera is currently
  • 00:19:03
    recording some way of actually having it
  • 00:19:05
    record whether it's a CCU or VTR or and
  • 00:19:09
    some way of having power either through
  • 00:19:11
    a battery or through an AC
  • 00:19:13
    adapter then next on the list on the
  • 00:19:16
    basic EG setup is a tripod we're going
  • 00:19:19
    to discuss tripods quite extensively in
  • 00:19:21
    the next lecture or two but understand
  • 00:19:25
    that a tripod is a means of
  • 00:19:29
    holding the camera there are a number of
  • 00:19:32
    ways of holding the camera up and I've
  • 00:19:34
    listed a few of them here another one's
  • 00:19:36
    called a pedestal a crane a jib a dolly
  • 00:19:39
    a steady cam a high hat sandbag just a
  • 00:19:43
    simple bag of sand or you can simply
  • 00:19:47
    handhold the camera handhold the camera
  • 00:19:50
    H we should discuss this further I
  • 00:19:54
    think you all I'm sure have had your
  • 00:20:00
    your your your your dad or your mom or
  • 00:20:04
    your grandfather or something like that
  • 00:20:07
    record Christmas or some other holiday
  • 00:20:10
    that your family may may celebrate and
  • 00:20:13
    they say yes let me just grab the camera
  • 00:20:15
    I'm just going to hold it just like this
  • 00:20:17
    hey Billy oh you got that looks good hey
  • 00:20:19
    Cynthia where are you at oh there's
  • 00:20:21
    Cynthia she got that gift right there is
  • 00:20:23
    everything okay is dinner almost ready
  • 00:20:25
    the pot roast is on is everything good
  • 00:20:28
    right you get the point right
  • 00:20:29
    handholding the camera is extremely
  • 00:20:31
    difficult even me a very muscular guy I
  • 00:20:34
    have a hard time keeping the camera
  • 00:20:36
    still when I'm handholding a camera so
  • 00:20:38
    you need to be extremely careful if you
  • 00:20:42
    choose to handhold a camera and I will
  • 00:20:44
    tell you generally you will not choose
  • 00:20:46
    to handhold a camera you've got to have
  • 00:20:48
    a really good reason to go handheld on a
  • 00:20:51
    camera generally you're going to use
  • 00:20:53
    some of those other things that I listed
  • 00:20:54
    in fact Cory go ahead and bring those up
  • 00:20:56
    you're going to have the tri OD the
  • 00:20:59
    pedestal the crane the jib the dolly the
  • 00:21:01
    steady cam the high hat sandbag or yes
  • 00:21:04
    you could go handheld be extremely
  • 00:21:07
    careful if you decide to go handheld
  • 00:21:10
    otherwise it's going to be like the
  • 00:21:12
    family Christmas video that is not very
  • 00:21:15
    professional looking now having said
  • 00:21:18
    that there may be a good reason to go
  • 00:21:19
    handheld I don't want to say never go
  • 00:21:22
    handheld but if you do you're going to
  • 00:21:24
    need to have a very good
  • 00:21:26
    reason so C basic EG setup you got the
  • 00:21:30
    camera you've got a way of supporting
  • 00:21:31
    the camera or holding that camera we're
  • 00:21:33
    going to talk extensively about these
  • 00:21:35
    things in a little little bit later
  • 00:21:37
    lecture then you'll also need to have
  • 00:21:39
    some form of audio you're going to maybe
  • 00:21:41
    have a portable mixer meaning that
  • 00:21:43
    you've got one of those tiny little
  • 00:21:44
    mixers that allows you to to adjust
  • 00:21:46
    things like volume but you may also just
  • 00:21:48
    feed the microphone right directly into
  • 00:21:50
    the back of the camera you're also
  • 00:21:52
    certainly going to need to have a
  • 00:21:54
    microphone now there's a few different
  • 00:21:56
    types of microphones that I've listed
  • 00:21:57
    here you got a stick microphone which is
  • 00:21:59
    just a regular microphone like you're
  • 00:22:01
    used to seeing hey how you doing my
  • 00:22:02
    name's Dave that's a stick microphone
  • 00:22:05
    you've also have a lavalier that's how
  • 00:22:07
    you pronounce that not lavalier I've
  • 00:22:09
    heard people try and pronounce it
  • 00:22:11
    lavalier but it's actually lavalier a
  • 00:22:14
    lavalier is the kind of microphone that
  • 00:22:16
    I have here a lapel mic just a tiny
  • 00:22:19
    microphone that is clipped to the
  • 00:22:21
    person's shirt uh and then has another
  • 00:22:23
    transmitter which I have in my pocket
  • 00:22:25
    that's called a lavalier and then you
  • 00:22:28
    will also have a shotgun microphone a
  • 00:22:30
    shotgun microphone again we're going to
  • 00:22:32
    talk more about this as the semester
  • 00:22:33
    rolls on but it's a microphone that
  • 00:22:35
    allows you to pick up audio from far
  • 00:22:37
    away allow you to pick up sound from far
  • 00:22:39
    away that's a shotgun microphone and
  • 00:22:42
    some audio components like the mixer if
  • 00:22:46
    you've got one or some types of
  • 00:22:49
    microphones which we'll discuss in a
  • 00:22:50
    little bit later lecture require
  • 00:22:53
    batteries and so you'll always want to
  • 00:22:55
    make sure that you have extra batteries
  • 00:22:58
    now this brings up something that I want
  • 00:23:00
    to discuss with you
  • 00:23:03
    batteries I have heard so many times
  • 00:23:06
    from
  • 00:23:08
    professionals not to mention students
  • 00:23:11
    well I went out there and I went to
  • 00:23:15
    shoot and I only had one little bar of
  • 00:23:18
    battery power and so I just shot
  • 00:23:19
    whatever I
  • 00:23:21
    could and I say okay did you bring extra
  • 00:23:25
    batteries and they may say well I didn't
  • 00:23:27
    know we had those and I might say did
  • 00:23:30
    you make sure the camera was fully
  • 00:23:32
    charged before you took it out well I
  • 00:23:34
    didn't know where to check right those
  • 00:23:36
    are the things you need to make sure you
  • 00:23:38
    have batteries are cheap compared to
  • 00:23:41
    studio time or compared to having a
  • 00:23:44
    bunch of people working for you that
  • 00:23:45
    you're trying to put onto video
  • 00:23:48
    batteries are a few dollars uh and it
  • 00:23:50
    doesn't take long for you to determine
  • 00:23:52
    whether a camera has a full battery and
  • 00:23:55
    if it doesn't to plug it into the wall
  • 00:23:56
    for a few hours to make sure that it
  • 00:23:57
    does you must not ever allow yourself to
  • 00:24:01
    have a camera and not have batteries to
  • 00:24:03
    power that camera or have a microphone
  • 00:24:06
    that requires batteries and not have
  • 00:24:08
    batteries that will work in that
  • 00:24:09
    microphone it's just not an excuse and
  • 00:24:11
    in the professional World you'll get
  • 00:24:13
    laughed at not to mention lose your job
  • 00:24:15
    possibly because you don't have
  • 00:24:16
    batteries so batteries are one of those
  • 00:24:18
    things that you want to always make sure
  • 00:24:19
    that you have so that is the basic EG
  • 00:24:23
    system we've talked about now the basic
  • 00:24:27
    efp system the advanced or more or less
  • 00:24:30
    basic I guess you could say efb system
  • 00:24:33
    and a basic EG system I want to talk
  • 00:24:35
    just a little bit now about
  • 00:24:38
    tape in tape you're going to see
  • 00:24:43
    sometimes this word although this word
  • 00:24:45
    is being replaced quite a bit in today's
  • 00:24:47
    world the word is analog it's not used
  • 00:24:51
    Much Anymore many of you I'm sure will
  • 00:24:53
    be familiar with some of these analog
  • 00:24:55
    tape formats VH h s is probably a
  • 00:24:59
    familiar one to you uh beta for those of
  • 00:25:02
    you who grew up in the early 80s uh in
  • 00:25:05
    the consumer world at least is still a
  • 00:25:07
    popular one that or was at that time a
  • 00:25:09
    very popular format and high8 which many
  • 00:25:12
    of you who may have grown up in the late
  • 00:25:14
    80s or early 90s may be familiar with
  • 00:25:16
    that high8 these analog tape formats are
  • 00:25:19
    rarely used but I have heard people who
  • 00:25:22
    are in the video industry still have a
  • 00:25:24
    desire to use them for some reason or
  • 00:25:26
    another what you see more often are the
  • 00:25:29
    digital tapee formats here or the
  • 00:25:31
    tapeless which we'll talk about in just
  • 00:25:33
    a second the digital formats now analog
  • 00:25:36
    and digital are another set of terms
  • 00:25:39
    that I want you to understand analog
  • 00:25:42
    means that it's recording with
  • 00:25:44
    continuously varying levels so if we
  • 00:25:47
    have a certain amount of light in here
  • 00:25:49
    then that that certain level of light is
  • 00:25:51
    being represented in the camera with a
  • 00:25:54
    certain level of electricity we could
  • 00:25:56
    say so analog means that the level of
  • 00:25:59
    light is the same as the level of
  • 00:26:01
    electricity as the level of light goes
  • 00:26:03
    up so ises the level of electricity they
  • 00:26:06
    basically vary one with another and you
  • 00:26:08
    would be able to see that one is an
  • 00:26:09
    analog of the other it's analogist to
  • 00:26:11
    the other one with digital you actually
  • 00:26:13
    have either high or low signals either
  • 00:26:16
    the lights on or the lights off it may
  • 00:26:18
    not be completely familiar to you you
  • 00:26:20
    may not completely understand in this
  • 00:26:22
    class what I want you to understand is
  • 00:26:25
    that digital is better than analog
  • 00:26:28
    understand that we'll get you through
  • 00:26:30
    this class in other classes here in the
  • 00:26:32
    department of communication at Dixie
  • 00:26:34
    State University we will discuss more
  • 00:26:36
    fully what the difference between analog
  • 00:26:38
    and digital is but for this basic
  • 00:26:40
    introduction to television class I want
  • 00:26:43
    you to understand that digital is better
  • 00:26:45
    there are a few digital formats D1
  • 00:26:48
    through
  • 00:26:49
    D5 dvcam DVC Pro uh DVC Pro HD or hdv
  • 00:26:56
    those are some specific digital tape
  • 00:26:58
    formats they still use a tape like this
  • 00:27:01
    but they record the signals differently
  • 00:27:04
    with digital they're recording either
  • 00:27:06
    signal that's there or signal that's not
  • 00:27:07
    there with analog it's continuously
  • 00:27:09
    changing digital is better yes and then
  • 00:27:12
    we'll also see some of these tapeless
  • 00:27:14
    formats and when I say tapeless format
  • 00:27:16
    what I mean is that the video signal is
  • 00:27:19
    being recorded directly to a hard drive
  • 00:27:22
    and it does not use a tape whatsoever in
  • 00:27:25
    a tapeless format it will always be a
  • 00:27:28
    digital format here at Dixie State
  • 00:27:30
    University at least at the present time
  • 00:27:32
    we have digital tapeless recorders at
  • 00:27:36
    least in the department and over at the
  • 00:27:38
    C the Community Education Channel they
  • 00:27:41
    have some that require digital videotape
  • 00:27:43
    and others that are tapeless formats and
  • 00:27:45
    so you'll see both of those as you
  • 00:27:47
    interact with the different cameras that
  • 00:27:48
    we have available to us here in the
  • 00:27:50
    department all right let's move on and
  • 00:27:54
    let's talk about these switchers I've
  • 00:27:57
    got the this beautiful photograph of a
  • 00:28:00
    beautiful switcher even just looking at
  • 00:28:02
    it makes me drool with with happiness
  • 00:28:06
    that it's such a large switcher because
  • 00:28:08
    it allows a lot of flexibility in what
  • 00:28:11
    can be produced this is a really big
  • 00:28:13
    switcher I'll show you a smaller one in
  • 00:28:15
    just a second this is the switcher the
  • 00:28:18
    person who operates the switcher is
  • 00:28:20
    called the technical director the te
  • 00:28:24
    technical director we're going to talk
  • 00:28:25
    about positions later on down the road
  • 00:28:27
    but the person who operates the switcher
  • 00:28:29
    who who pushes the buttons to choose
  • 00:28:31
    specific video inputs is called a
  • 00:28:33
    technical director the technical
  • 00:28:35
    director will sit at the switcher and
  • 00:28:37
    make decisions as to which of these many
  • 00:28:40
    many buttons he or she will push and by
  • 00:28:43
    selecting certain buttons the technical
  • 00:28:46
    director can choose to show different
  • 00:28:49
    outputs to the screen now Corey is the
  • 00:28:51
    current technical director on this
  • 00:28:53
    particular video and I'm going to
  • 00:28:54
    totally spring something on Corey I hope
  • 00:28:56
    he's okay with this Cory I want you to
  • 00:28:58
    go ahead and remove the graphics and
  • 00:29:00
    let's just show the green screen that's
  • 00:29:01
    behind me so Cory has now selected
  • 00:29:04
    specific buttons on the switcher that
  • 00:29:07
    have allowed you now to actually just
  • 00:29:08
    see the green screen that I'm actually
  • 00:29:10
    standing in behind so he set that up on
  • 00:29:13
    the switcher and now I can ask him to
  • 00:29:14
    bring the graphics right back up and
  • 00:29:16
    he'll just bring those Graphics right
  • 00:29:18
    back up he pushes specific buttons on
  • 00:29:20
    the switcher to choose what is being
  • 00:29:23
    shown on the screen now he's using a
  • 00:29:25
    switcher that is not quite as cool as
  • 00:29:27
    this one but it's pretty darn cool
  • 00:29:30
    that's for sure we will talk about the
  • 00:29:31
    switcher the actual one he's using as we
  • 00:29:34
    continue in the class here at in intro
  • 00:29:36
    to TV production now I want to show you
  • 00:29:38
    a small switcher this is a small
  • 00:29:42
    switcher in fact this is a relatively
  • 00:29:45
    simple
  • 00:29:46
    switcher but uh it does have a lot of
  • 00:29:49
    power even though it's relatively simple
  • 00:29:51
    this is actually a lot like the switcher
  • 00:29:53
    I used when I worked at kcsg television
  • 00:29:56
    uh for the ear early years when they
  • 00:29:58
    were first using live news with a
  • 00:30:00
    switcher you're going to have rows of
  • 00:30:04
    buttons the rows of buttons at this
  • 00:30:07
    point I'm going to tell you they're
  • 00:30:08
    called buses but you don't have to worry
  • 00:30:10
    about that just yet but we have this
  • 00:30:13
    particular bus or a row of buttons which
  • 00:30:16
    is called the program bus you've heard
  • 00:30:19
    that term before I've used the word
  • 00:30:21
    program but I was referring to a program
  • 00:30:23
    monitor with a program bus this this is
  • 00:30:28
    the actual buttons you can push to
  • 00:30:31
    select what video input is going to
  • 00:30:35
    airor by the transmitter or to the
  • 00:30:38
    recorder now each column on here would
  • 00:30:42
    represent a video input so for example
  • 00:30:45
    on this switcher we might have black on
  • 00:30:47
    this one Cory go ahead and show them
  • 00:30:49
    black if you don't mind there's black
  • 00:30:51
    you can still hear me because the audio
  • 00:30:53
    is coming from a separate Source but you
  • 00:30:55
    can't see me anymore because Cory is has
  • 00:30:58
    pushed black on that first one all right
  • 00:31:00
    go ahead and bring me back up that's
  • 00:31:01
    black let's say this is camera one Cory
  • 00:31:04
    go ahead and hit camera one for me
  • 00:31:05
    there's camera one let's go ahead and
  • 00:31:07
    hit camera two there's camera two and
  • 00:31:09
    then back to camera three and this is
  • 00:31:11
    camera three with the green wall and
  • 00:31:13
    then he's going to go ahead and bring
  • 00:31:14
    the graphics up and he had to he has to
  • 00:31:16
    do that with other buttons on the
  • 00:31:18
    switcher which we certainly are not
  • 00:31:19
    going to talk about today because that's
  • 00:31:21
    much more advanced but you can see that
  • 00:31:23
    he can choose different buttons which
  • 00:31:25
    will then allow different things to be
  • 00:31:27
    shown on screen there are other elements
  • 00:31:30
    of the switcher other buttons which
  • 00:31:31
    we're not going to talk about today that
  • 00:31:33
    gives us the video portion the audio
  • 00:31:37
    portion before I change this graphic
  • 00:31:39
    those of you who have been paying
  • 00:31:40
    attention what is that thing that allows
  • 00:31:43
    us to choose specific things in
  • 00:31:45
    audio yes you got it it's the mixer this
  • 00:31:49
    is an example of a really big mixer
  • 00:31:52
    again I just can't help but think how
  • 00:31:55
    much money this particular mixer cost
  • 00:31:57
    now it may not cost that much anymore
  • 00:31:59
    because stuff gets like loses value just
  • 00:32:01
    like a car but yeah this is an expensive
  • 00:32:03
    one so just like on the switcher you're
  • 00:32:05
    going to have different columns that
  • 00:32:08
    represent different inputs so this might
  • 00:32:11
    be a microphone here where this is the
  • 00:32:14
    volume control for a microphone this is
  • 00:32:17
    another microphone this is another one
  • 00:32:19
    another one another one you can have on
  • 00:32:20
    this mixer quite a few different inputs
  • 00:32:22
    probably I would say maybe 32 I haven't
  • 00:32:24
    looked at it but it looks like to me
  • 00:32:25
    there might be 16 here and 16 over here
  • 00:32:28
    for a total of 32 then you'll have some
  • 00:32:31
    master volume control levels here notice
  • 00:32:33
    that these are red now I'll give you
  • 00:32:36
    guys a treat if you can tell me what you
  • 00:32:39
    think the main signal of audio would be
  • 00:32:42
    called if it's called program in video
  • 00:32:45
    what do you think it's called in audio
  • 00:32:47
    this master audio
  • 00:32:51
    signal program you got it it's the same
  • 00:32:54
    thing you've got program video which
  • 00:32:56
    represents the actual video that's going
  • 00:32:58
    out to air you've got program audio
  • 00:33:00
    which is the program audio what people
  • 00:33:02
    will hear when it goes out to air you've
  • 00:33:04
    got different sources of audio here
  • 00:33:07
    you've got control over the master audio
  • 00:33:09
    here which would be the program audio I
  • 00:33:12
    will also tell you that I have heard it
  • 00:33:14
    called the main mix and in some mixers
  • 00:33:16
    you'll have it labeled as main mix what
  • 00:33:19
    that means is program audio so you've
  • 00:33:22
    got now this very big mixer which we
  • 00:33:25
    will discuss in future lectures and
  • 00:33:28
    here's a smaller mixer
  • 00:33:31
    here has the same idea though we've got
  • 00:33:34
    a column this represents one input this
  • 00:33:38
    is another column represents 2 3 four
  • 00:33:40
    this particular mixer has four inputs
  • 00:33:42
    one 2 3 4 this one has knobs for its
  • 00:33:46
    volume control instead of Sliders you
  • 00:33:48
    got four and then you also have the
  • 00:33:51
    program audio or the main mix control
  • 00:33:54
    here along with other controls and
  • 00:33:56
    inputs throughout here we're going to
  • 00:33:57
    spend an entire day talking about these
  • 00:33:59
    things but there you have an example of
  • 00:34:01
    a really small
  • 00:34:04
    mixer all right another acronym another
  • 00:34:10
    acronym
  • 00:34:11
    GX what does this GX mean GX stands for
  • 00:34:18
    graphics now that one makes a little bit
  • 00:34:20
    more sense compared to weather because
  • 00:34:22
    weather doesn't have any sound in it at
  • 00:34:25
    all at least Graphics has at least a
  • 00:34:27
    hint of an X sound in it Graphics right
  • 00:34:31
    but GX stands for graphics you'll also
  • 00:34:34
    see see one that I want you to write
  • 00:34:36
    down that isn't on this particular
  • 00:34:38
    lecture but it's SX s is in Sam SX and
  • 00:34:42
    that stands for sports so you have
  • 00:34:44
    weather is WX GX stands for graphics and
  • 00:34:48
    SX stands for sports GX let's go ahead
  • 00:34:51
    and look at these different Graphics you
  • 00:34:54
    have a reporter here on C camera must be
  • 00:34:58
    Stephanie Brown because and she where is
  • 00:35:01
    she at she's the lambow Field Green Bay
  • 00:35:03
    something like that it's hard for me to
  • 00:35:04
    read on this little screen and then you
  • 00:35:06
    have looks like a CBS channel looks like
  • 00:35:09
    Channel 56 58 maybe 58 news and then you
  • 00:35:13
    have these little things up here this
  • 00:35:14
    one says live and this one says
  • 00:35:15
    something else I can't read it from here
  • 00:35:17
    all of these elements here including
  • 00:35:19
    this Stripe Right Here those are
  • 00:35:22
    Graphics anything that's superimposed on
  • 00:35:25
    top of the screen like this would be a
  • 00:35:27
    graphic it's a still image that's
  • 00:35:30
    superimposed on top of the video image
  • 00:35:33
    now I say superimposed but it doesn't
  • 00:35:36
    necessarily have to be superimposed for
  • 00:35:39
    example right here these are weather
  • 00:35:41
    Graphics now I don't want you to be
  • 00:35:43
    confused and say wait a second Dave you
  • 00:35:46
    said weather was WX why are you calling
  • 00:35:48
    it GX now GX refers to the actual
  • 00:35:52
    Graphics weather or WX refers to the use
  • 00:35:55
    of those in a weather report so you have
  • 00:35:58
    weather and you can just picture me
  • 00:35:59
    saying yeah Monday it's going to be
  • 00:36:01
    28° don't you wish I'll tell you what
  • 00:36:03
    when I recorded this we're right in the
  • 00:36:05
    middle of early August and it's hot
  • 00:36:08
    outside so okay maybe 28's not any
  • 00:36:10
    better but uh it's hot and it makes me
  • 00:36:12
    feel like I would like an Arctic Blast
  • 00:36:14
    for about maybe a day and then let's go
  • 00:36:16
    back to the hotter
  • 00:36:17
    weather here's another one this is
  • 00:36:19
    called
  • 00:36:21
    CG this particular set of Graphics is
  • 00:36:25
    generated by what's called called a
  • 00:36:27
    character generator or a CG another
  • 00:36:30
    acronym add it to the list CG is a
  • 00:36:33
    character generator character generator
  • 00:36:36
    would be these specific types of
  • 00:36:39
    Graphics the ones that have these
  • 00:36:41
    text-based elements that show up on top
  • 00:36:45
    so Graphics would be a general term
  • 00:36:47
    meaning any of these still images that
  • 00:36:49
    show up a specific type of those
  • 00:36:53
    Graphics would be CGS like these that
  • 00:36:56
    have Stephanie Brown's name on there and
  • 00:36:59
    where she's at so those are CGS then you
  • 00:37:03
    also have the specific type of graphic
  • 00:37:05
    the weather Graphics which are the ones
  • 00:37:06
    down here and then you also have what
  • 00:37:08
    would be called a still store a still
  • 00:37:11
    store would be a place where a variety
  • 00:37:14
    of Graphics are kept and it would be if
  • 00:37:17
    you could imagine like a videotape
  • 00:37:18
    recorder for graphics that would be the
  • 00:37:21
    still store we've talked about cameras
  • 00:37:24
    we've talked about audio we've talked
  • 00:37:25
    about graphics
  • 00:37:27
    I want to talk about another aspect of
  • 00:37:29
    Television production this is replay or
  • 00:37:33
    playback now there are a lot of jobs in
  • 00:37:37
    television production tons of jobs and
  • 00:37:40
    some of them require a certain level of
  • 00:37:42
    ability and one of those is this replay
  • 00:37:45
    or playback especially replay replay
  • 00:37:47
    operators in the industry can actually
  • 00:37:49
    bring in large paychecks and if you
  • 00:37:52
    decide you want to become a replay
  • 00:37:53
    operator that might be a good way to go
  • 00:37:55
    because those people can get paid quite
  • 00:37:57
    a bit of money when they go out on
  • 00:37:58
    shoots the reason why is because these
  • 00:38:01
    replay machines are semi difficult to
  • 00:38:05
    operate I told you about those switchers
  • 00:38:07
    and those mixers those are also other
  • 00:38:09
    elements of things that are difficult to
  • 00:38:10
    operate and those people will get paid
  • 00:38:12
    quite a bit of money as well relatively
  • 00:38:15
    speaking with replay or playback you
  • 00:38:17
    would be running a VTR one or more
  • 00:38:20
    vtrs you would also be sometimes playing
  • 00:38:24
    back and recording simultaneously for
  • 00:38:27
    example this particular replay machine
  • 00:38:30
    would be recording looks like three
  • 00:38:32
    cameras one two three cameras down here
  • 00:38:34
    it would be recording those all the time
  • 00:38:37
    even while the replay operator is
  • 00:38:39
    choosing to play back one of those three
  • 00:38:42
    cameras so maybe these screens are
  • 00:38:44
    showing what's happening live these are
  • 00:38:46
    what's happening on the playback and
  • 00:38:48
    this is the current output of the replay
  • 00:38:50
    machine this over here would be a list
  • 00:38:52
    of things that can be recalled at any
  • 00:38:55
    time so maybe this particular particular
  • 00:38:56
    one is when the quarterback got sacked
  • 00:38:58
    and this is another one where the
  • 00:39:00
    quarterback got sacked and this is
  • 00:39:01
    another one where there's a touchdown
  • 00:39:03
    and this is some cool play cool play
  • 00:39:04
    cool play they could all be double
  • 00:39:05
    clicked on and played back later the
  • 00:39:08
    replay operator can also build montages
  • 00:39:11
    of cool replays it requires somebody
  • 00:39:14
    who's Adept at not only controlling the
  • 00:39:18
    machine controlling the software but
  • 00:39:20
    also understanding what's important and
  • 00:39:22
    then also working with the person in
  • 00:39:23
    charge the producer to ensure that they
  • 00:39:26
    understand what's important at that
  • 00:39:27
    particular time A lot of times these
  • 00:39:30
    playback machines are recorded on what's
  • 00:39:32
    called a media server a media server
  • 00:39:34
    being a network computer that records
  • 00:39:38
    video that can be served or played back
  • 00:39:41
    to a variety of different
  • 00:39:48
    devices all of these elements are
  • 00:39:51
    elements that are geared toward
  • 00:39:54
    acquisition of video the actual ual
  • 00:39:57
    Gathering of video whether it be through
  • 00:39:58
    sports or news or any other type of
  • 00:40:02
    video type element so it's all about the
  • 00:40:04
    acquisition we're going to move now and
  • 00:40:07
    shift to once we've already got the
  • 00:40:10
    footage acquired once we've gathered
  • 00:40:12
    that video footage what do we do with it
  • 00:40:14
    to make it more meaningful to make it
  • 00:40:15
    easier for people to watch to make it
  • 00:40:17
    more exciting and so forth and we are
  • 00:40:19
    going to then turn to editing editing is
  • 00:40:23
    the taking of the acquired video footage
  • 00:40:26
    and shifting it around cutting it
  • 00:40:29
    shorter uh mixing it around into
  • 00:40:31
    different areas uh taking L uh wider
  • 00:40:35
    shots and and then cutting to tighter
  • 00:40:38
    shots things like that editing is about
  • 00:40:41
    taking that footage and assembling it
  • 00:40:43
    into an into a finished program I've
  • 00:40:46
    listed a number of editing software
  • 00:40:48
    programs that are out there Final Cut
  • 00:40:50
    Pro is one of them Adobe Premiere is
  • 00:40:53
    another editing software system Avid
  • 00:40:56
    makes a number of editing software
  • 00:40:59
    programs one thing they all have in
  • 00:41:01
    common though they all do the same thing
  • 00:41:04
    different they all do the same thing
  • 00:41:06
    different this is something that you're
  • 00:41:07
    going to hear me say a number of times
  • 00:41:10
    it's like Coke and Pepsi you're going to
  • 00:41:12
    hear me say that it's like Coke and
  • 00:41:13
    Pepsi they all do the same thing
  • 00:41:14
    different you may be a Pepsi Drinker you
  • 00:41:18
    may have a specific flavor of cola that
  • 00:41:21
    suits your fancy that fills you with joy
  • 00:41:23
    another person might be a Coke drinker I
  • 00:41:25
    love cocaa Cola other people might say
  • 00:41:28
    you know I don't like Cola at all I like
  • 00:41:30
    Sprite I like 7 Up I like orange Miranda
  • 00:41:32
    whatever the heck you want they all do
  • 00:41:34
    the same thing different right in the
  • 00:41:35
    case of soda pop and things like that
  • 00:41:37
    they taste a little bit different and it
  • 00:41:38
    all depends on the flavor that people
  • 00:41:41
    enjoy the same is true with these
  • 00:41:43
    editing software programs they all do
  • 00:41:45
    the same thing different and it really
  • 00:41:46
    just depends on how you like to operate
  • 00:41:50
    the software here at Dixie State
  • 00:41:52
    University at least at the current time
  • 00:41:54
    we have at our disposal Adobe Premiere
  • 00:41:57
    as well as Final Cut Pro and I must
  • 00:42:00
    admit I'm more familiar with Final Cut
  • 00:42:01
    Pro but I'm coming up to speed on Adobe
  • 00:42:03
    Premiere if you talk to other people
  • 00:42:05
    they'll have a specific preference what
  • 00:42:07
    you need to do is you'll need to find
  • 00:42:09
    what your preference is also you'll need
  • 00:42:11
    to understand what you can afford
  • 00:42:13
    software programs just like any other
  • 00:42:15
    type of software programs in the case of
  • 00:42:17
    editing programs they are a little bit
  • 00:42:20
    differently priced the case of Final Cut
  • 00:42:22
    Pro it only runs on a Mac and so you
  • 00:42:23
    have to have a Mac which I would Rec
  • 00:42:26
    commend okay I'm not going to push Apple
  • 00:42:28
    products I'm not going to do that but uh
  • 00:42:30
    they all do the same thing different it
  • 00:42:31
    depends on your price point it depends
  • 00:42:33
    on what you're into so that's what we
  • 00:42:35
    talk about when we talk about
  • 00:42:37
    editing that brings us now to the end of
  • 00:42:40
    today's lecture we've talked about how
  • 00:42:42
    to acquire footage we've talked about EG
  • 00:42:45
    setups we've talked about efp setups
  • 00:42:47
    we've talked just a little bit about
  • 00:42:50
    switchers and mixers and we're going to
  • 00:42:52
    go go into much more detail on those on
  • 00:42:54
    those uh ideas those elements as the
  • 00:42:57
    semester progresses and we've talked
  • 00:42:59
    little bit about a couple of other jobs
  • 00:43:01
    that are available in the industry one
  • 00:43:03
    of them being Graphics the other one
  • 00:43:04
    being replay there are a number of other
  • 00:43:07
    positions that we're going to talk about
  • 00:43:08
    over the course of the next uh few weeks
  • 00:43:11
    and over the course of the next few
  • 00:43:13
    videos as well and then we finished
  • 00:43:15
    today's lecture talking about editing
  • 00:43:17
    and I gave you just a little bit of an
  • 00:43:18
    idea of what editing is all about and a
  • 00:43:20
    handful of different software packages
  • 00:43:22
    that are available to you when it comes
  • 00:43:24
    to editing I recommend that you
  • 00:43:25
    understand these things and that you ask
  • 00:43:27
    many many questions and that brings to
  • 00:43:30
    mind something I want to drive home to
  • 00:43:33
    you ask me questions just because I'm
  • 00:43:37
    recording lectures on video doesn't mean
  • 00:43:38
    I'm not just a text away or an email
  • 00:43:43
    away or a canvas message away I implore
  • 00:43:47
    you if you do not understand anything
  • 00:43:49
    that we're talking about today what
  • 00:43:51
    would you do if we were in a normal
  • 00:43:52
    classroom you would raise your hand in
  • 00:43:54
    this class the the way you raise your
  • 00:43:56
    hand at least when it comes to this
  • 00:43:58
    theoretical portion you type out those
  • 00:44:00
    words you send me a message in canvas I
  • 00:44:03
    promise you I will get back to you just
  • 00:44:04
    like in a normal classroom it just is a
  • 00:44:06
    little bit more delayed I can tell you
  • 00:44:08
    though it's not delayed by much ask
  • 00:44:10
    other students who have taken me for a
  • 00:44:12
    professor I enjoy getting back to people
  • 00:44:15
    as quickly as possible I thrive on that
  • 00:44:18
    so don't hesitate and think well good
  • 00:44:20
    Heck if I put this stuff out there it's
  • 00:44:22
    going to he's going to answer it like 3
  • 00:44:23
    days from now no I try and answer things
  • 00:44:26
    as quickly as I possibly can understand
  • 00:44:28
    though that I do sleep and I do have
  • 00:44:30
    other things that I have going on so
  • 00:44:31
    it's not always going to be within 30
  • 00:44:33
    seconds but I do try and answer things
  • 00:44:35
    very quickly so by all means send me
  • 00:44:37
    messages in canvas or some of the other
  • 00:44:40
    things we talked about in the syllabus
  • 00:44:41
    and if you have questions let me know we
  • 00:44:44
    will talk about these things more
  • 00:44:46
    thoroughly as we practice on some of
  • 00:44:47
    these elements and some of these pieces
  • 00:44:49
    of equipment so it will be more clear as
  • 00:44:51
    the semester semester goes on this is
  • 00:44:54
    just a little bit of an overview
  • 00:44:56
    so I invite you to watch the things that
  • 00:44:59
    you want to go over again and if you
  • 00:45:01
    have any questions let me know and I
  • 00:45:03
    look forward to seeing you in class or
  • 00:45:05
    by a video on the next
  • 00:45:08
    lecture
Tags
  • television production
  • ENG
  • EFP
  • teleprompter
  • VTR
  • program monitor
  • television terminology