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hey there and welcome to yet another
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amazing class with us by jews i'm
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aishwarya and in today's video we are
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going to be learning about the nervous
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tissue which is one among the important
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subtopics from the chapter tissues
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so now that i've taken two minutes of
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let's get started with our class on
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nervous tissue
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now of course in our class today we are
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going to be covering some important
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concepts so we are going to start off
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with understanding what is the nervous
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system and why we need a nervous system
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in our body
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then we will go on to understanding
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about the structure of the neuron and
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the function and we will learn about
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nerve impulses as well
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now with this brief understanding i have
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a small question for you
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i'm sure that there are few things that
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we do without really thinking right
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for example
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we don't think when we breathe we just
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breathe and we know that breathing is
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essential for us right
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at the same time let's say that there's
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a ball coming your way right so
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somebody's hit us six and there's a ball
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coming you're just walking by on the
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side and it's coming in your direction
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and you know that if you don't dodge the
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ball might hit you and you don't really
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think much about it you just dodge and
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you go ahead right at the same time if
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you touch something hot as well you
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immediately know that you have to
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withdraw your hand
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or when you are feeling hungry you just
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know what to do you just need to go and
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eat
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so in all these cases we don't really
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think much about it but we kind of end
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up doing it whether it's breathing
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reacting to something or when we feel
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hungry right we just do it without
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putting too much thought
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but what you don't realize that you are
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doing is that you are coordinating with
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your surroundings right very important
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word
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we are coordinating with our
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surroundings and apart from that if you
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see within our body we are coordinating
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with the different systems right so if
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our some part of our body requires
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energy we know that our body will be
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able to do that it's coordinating with
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one another
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but at the same time for all this
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coordination to happen someone must be
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overlooking it right someone should be
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making sure that everything is working
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right and everything is going you know
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properly
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so this is done by the nervous system so
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the nervous system is what controls and
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regulates all of these activities
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and it will coordinate it as well
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so it has two things to do and this
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coordination is not just internally but
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with our external surroundings
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and we see that this nervous system is
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made up by the important kind of animal
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tissue that is the nervous tissue
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so let's understand what all is there in
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a nervous system right because when you
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say it's a system it is made up of
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different things put together
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now we see that the nervous system
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mainly includes the brain and the spinal
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cord now we know that the brain is a
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structure that rests in our head and it
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is the control center that controls and
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coordinates all of these activities
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along with the spinal cord and we see
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that this brain will pass on so it will
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relay messages or it will transmit
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information to different parts of our
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body and it also receives information
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from different parts it's not just the
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brain even the spinal cord will receive
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and transmit information and this
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information is passed on through nerves
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right there tubular structures that run
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throughout the body transmitting this
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information
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but what makes it all up right that's
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what we want to know so you see we say
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that there is something which is the
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structural
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and functional unit
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of the nervous system
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and this structural and functional unit
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of the nervous system is nothing but the
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neurons so the neurons are the ones that
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primarily make up the nervous system and
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we also find another kind of cell that
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is the glial cells now glial cells
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provide support and they bind all these
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neurons together right their main
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function is to provide support
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so now next up let us understand about
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neurons now neurons are also often known
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as nerve cells right
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so if you if i use this interchangeably
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you don't need to worry they're more or
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less the same thing and as you can see
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they have an elongated structure and
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these neurons make up the nervous tissue
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that is there now if you see the neurons
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have a primary structure here which is
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known as the cell body
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or the cyto
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and we see that the cyton here has a
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prominent nucleus and of course we see
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that surrounding it we have the
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cytoplasm and sometimes in the cytoplasm
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we find certain granules known as the
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nissel's granules now we see here that
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from the cell body or the cyton we
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observe some cytoplasmic projections
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that are there now these cytoplasmic
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projections are known as dendrites or
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the singular form is dendron
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and one such long cytoplasmic projection
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that is there is called as the axon
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now this axon is surrounded by an
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insulating sheath right so what i'm
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drawing above this is what you need to
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focus on it is surrounded by an
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insulating sheath known as the myelin
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sheath
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and this axon will then end in terminal
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bulb like structures known as the axonal
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ends or the axon terminals
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and we see that these neurons are
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arranged end to end right which means
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that they are arranged one after the
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other in this manner and they are
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responsible for
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relaying the information or transmitting
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the information to and fro different
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parts
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and we see that this information
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that is transmitted is in the form of
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electric impulses or electric signals
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and we call them as nerve impulses yes
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so this is important to understand
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information is related through
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electrical signals signals or nerve
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impulses
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so how exactly does a nerve impulse go
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throughout the nervous system
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so for that you need to understand this
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so here as you can see we have two
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structures that is one neuron and we
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have neuron two here
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yes
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now we see that neuron one and neuron
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two are attached are arranged one after
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the other but they are not attached we
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see that between neuron one and two we
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see that there's a fine gap that exists
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which is known as a synapse so this
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right here is a small
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gap that is present between both the
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neurons now we see that nerve impulses
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are received by the dendrons so we see
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that the dendrites i'm sorry dendrites
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of neuron one will receive
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the impulses right and then it will pass
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it on to the cyton and through the cyto
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it will go to the axon and reach the
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axon terminal
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and from here we see that a chemical
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reaction takes place and then it will
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get passed on to neuron number two and
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same thing dendrite will receive go to
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cell body and then it will go through
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the axon and that is exactly why we have
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a myelin sheath or a sheath that acts as
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an insulating structure so that there is
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no inter mixing of signals when it's
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getting passed on from one to the other
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because our nervous system has many many
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neurons right so this is how the
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electrical signals are transmitted
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now don't get worried about seeing the
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term nerve fiber it is just another name
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for axon
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and we see that when many axons come
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together and they get bundled up in a
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tubular medullary sheath we call this as
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a nerve and we see that this will also
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be insulated to prevent inter mixing of
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signals
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so with this if you see we have learnt
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about the structure of the neuron the
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neuron that makes up the nervous tissue
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and how nerves are formed so before we
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wind up here's a quick question for all
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of you describe the structure of the
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neuron in the comments section below and
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state its function so this right here is
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a very simple question and i request all
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of you to give me the answers in the
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comment section and of course we will be
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again bye bye
