No.1 Harvard Doctor: The Shocking Link Between Your Diet ADHD & Autism!

01:46:37
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3GVInaBCn_c

Sintesi

TLDRIn the video, Dr. Chris Palmer, a Harvard psychiatrist, discusses the connection between metabolic health and mental disorders, suggesting that many mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia, could be linked to metabolic dysregulation. He challenges the conventional understanding of mental health as solely genetic or chemical imbalance issues, proposing that the skyrocketing rates of obesity, diabetes, and mental disorders indicate a shared metabolic dysfunction at the core. Dr. Palmer emphasizes the potential of dietary interventions, specifically low-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets, in treating mental illnesses by improving mitochondrial function. He shares personal experiences of struggling with mental illness and the inadequacies of the mental health field, which drove him to explore metabolic health as a critical factor in managing mental disorders. Through the lens of metabolism, he explores the broader implications for conditions like autism, ADHD, and PTSD, highlighting the role of mitochondria in various mental health symptoms. Dr. Palmer addresses the societal increase in mental health conditions and the shift towards labeling some as terminal illnesses, expressing concern over the high rate of treatment-resistant cases. He advocates for hope and better understanding of metabolic health as paths to effective treatment, urging individuals not to give up on finding solutions.

Punti di forza

  • 🚨 Obesity and diabetes significantly increase the risk of having autistic children.
  • 🧠 Mental disorders may be linked to metabolic dysfunction, especially mitochondrial issues.
  • 🌿 Dietary changes, such as ketogenic diets, may improve mental health.
  • 🔬 Emphasis on metabolic health could reshape mental health treatment strategies.
  • 📈 Rising obesity and diabetes rates coincide with increasing mental health issues.
  • 🧬 Genetic and environmental factors both play roles in mental illnesses.
  • ⚕️ Many current treatments fail to address core metabolic issues.
  • ❌ Trauma can lead to metabolic imbalances, impacting mental health.
  • ⚖️ Mitochondrial dysfunction can manifest as various mental disorders.
  • 🍽️ Diet is a crucial component in managing metabolic health and mental well-being.

Linea temporale

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    A Harvard psychiatrist, Dr. Chris Palmer, discusses the link between obesity, diabetes, and autism risk, noting rising mental health issues globally. Current mental health treatments often fail, leading to assisted suicide legislation. Dr. Palmer argues metabolic health could improve outcomes, rooted in his personal struggles with mental illness.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    Dr. Palmer shares his motivation from personal experience with mental illness, highlighting systemic failures in mental health treatment. Angered by the field's incompetence, his mother's lifelong psychotic disorder fuels his mission to improve treatment options, believing many suffer unnecessarily from inadequate mental health care.

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    Dr. Palmer aims to assist those diagnosed with mental illnesses, critiquing current psychiatric classifications. Many don't benefit from labeled treatments like psychotherapy or medication. Despite some success stories, a significant portion remains untreated or ineffectively treated, destined for terminal labeling under failing health systems.

  • 00:15:00 - 00:20:00

    Highlighting the severity of mental health issues, some governments allow assisted suicide for treatment-resistant patients. Dr. Palmer urges those struggling to not give up, promising better understanding and outcomes using metabolic science. Mental illness has grown alarmingly in recent decades, underscoring the need for innovative approaches.

  • 00:20:00 - 00:25:00

    Mental health problems have escalated, with autism, ADHD, bipolar, and depression rates increasing worldwide. Despite new treatments, traditional medication shows limited success. More severe disorders like schizophrenia receive presidential care. New insights into treatments are essential as Dr. Palmer reviews systemic challenges in mental health treatment.

  • 00:25:00 - 00:30:00

    Dr. Palmer discusses treatment effectiveness, using depression studies to highlight disparities in care success. Treatments help some but fail many. Raising awareness of such failures, he stresses the urgency for improved, individualized treatment plans. His insights focus on metabolic health as a potential avenue for addressing these disorders.

  • 00:30:00 - 00:35:00

    Contrary to some beliefs, mental illness increase is factual. School observations and emergency room data reflect this rise, not just acknowledgment. Suicide rates are up, reinforcing the need to understand underlying causes. Dr. Palmer seeks to address those causes, particularly looking at metabolic connections and increased societal stress.

  • 00:35:00 - 00:40:00

    Environmental factors, rather than pure genetic disposition, may contribute to rising mental health issues, argues Dr. Palmer. Metabolic dysregulation affecting brain functions points to shared pathways with physical health problems like diabetes and obesity. The connection suggests simultaneous rises in these conditions can have shared origins.

  • 00:40:00 - 00:45:00

    Defining metabolism as the energy conversion from food and oxygen in cells, Dr. Palmer links mental health to metabolic efficiency in cells, particularly in mitochondria. Cellular health affects brain performance, influencing mental health outcomes. Disruptions in cellular functions reflect metabolic and mental health disorders interconnectedly.

  • 00:45:00 - 00:50:00

    Dr. Palmer elaborates on mitochondria's role in cellular energy dynamics, linking mitochondrial health to mental disorders. Stress and trauma can cause metabolic dysfunction, impacting cellular repair and brain function. Understanding these connections offers insight into broader mental health strategies, emphasizing metabolic health.

  • 00:50:00 - 00:55:00

    Stressing that mitochondria significantly influence mental health, Dr. Palmer highlights stress as a metabolic disruptor. These disruptions might lead to lingering mental disorders if unmanaged. Addressing the metabolic impact of trauma through various healing strategies can aid mental health recovery, highlighting metabolism's importance.

  • 00:55:00 - 01:00:00

    Metabolic dysfunction, particularly in mitochondria, can create sustained negative responses, risking mental disorders. Normal survival reactions to trauma, if prolonged, harm cellular health. Proper understanding and addressing of these reactions through metabolic and mitochondrial health improvements offer potential relief and prevention.

  • 01:00:00 - 01:05:00

    Long-term metabolic distress following trauma can lead to mental health disorders due to cellular disrepair. Dr. Palmer emphasizes the need to restore proper energy use in these cases, advocating a focus on cellular and mitochondrial repair to overcome mental health issues. He challenges the notion of irreversible genetic predispositions.

  • 01:05:00 - 01:10:00

    Metabolism's role in mental health challenges calls for an understanding beyond genetic fatalism. Diet, a significant metabolic factor, intersects with mental health outcomes. Redirecting dietary habits to optimize mitochondrial function proves beneficial. Addressing cellular dysfunction provides a path to healing mental health through metabolism.

  • 01:10:00 - 01:15:00

    Focusing on dietary impacts on mitochondria, Dr. Palmer underscores the interaction of processed foods with cellular health. Diet changes can enhance mitochondrial performance, supporting mental health improvements. By connecting nutrition to mental wellness, he highlights the pivotal role of metabolic health in therapeutic strategies.

  • 01:15:00 - 01:20:00

    Addressing his personal experiences, Dr. Palmer illustrates dietary control's unexpected mental health benefits, advocating for broader dietary awareness. His improved health following a low-carb diet suggests diet's powerful impact. This evidence fortifies his argument for integrating metabolic perspectives in mental health treatment.

  • 01:20:00 - 01:25:00

    Dr. Palmer advocates individualized dietary interventions based on personal mental health profiles. Recognizing everyone's unique metabolic needs, he discusses processed foods' potential harms and the benefits of healthier eating patterns. Empirical studies and personal testimonies support dietary reform as a complementary mental health strategy.

  • 01:25:00 - 01:30:00

    Citing extreme case studies, Dr. Palmer shows dietary interventions like the ketogenic diet dramatically benefit mental health. While typically treated with skepticism, metabolic-based diets can offer transformative changes for severe mental disorders. This underscores the potential of dietary modulation in psychiatric care, beyond traditional methods.

  • 01:30:00 - 01:35:00

    The ketogenic diet's historical role in seizure treatment exemplifies its broader potential for mental health, impacting inflammation, gene expression, and mitochondrial function. These effects substantiate its use beyond conventional epilepsy management, suggesting transformative implications for broader psychiatric applications and mental wellness.

  • 01:35:00 - 01:46:37

    Fasting, mimicking ketogenic effects, also shifts metabolism favorably but needs careful application. While not universally suitable, fasting can support mitochondrial health and mental wellness. Dr. Palmer recommends balanced use, cautioning against calorie overloads, illustrating dietary and lifestyle interventions' complex but pivotal roles in health.

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Mind Map

Domande frequenti

  • How do obesity and diabetes affect autism risk?

    Women with obesity and diabetes have quadruple the risk of having an autistic child.

  • What is Dr. Chris Palmer's main argument about mental disorders?

    He argues that mental disorders are metabolic disorders affecting the brain and suggests that addressing metabolic health can alleviate symptoms.

  • Why are mental illnesses increasing, according to Dr. Palmer?

    He believes the rise in obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders is linked to increased rates of mental illnesses.

  • What role does mitochondrial dysfunction play in mental health?

    Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to metabolic dysregulation, leading to mental health symptoms.

  • Can diet impact mental health?

    Yes, Dr. Palmer asserts that diet has a significant impact on metabolism and consequently mental health.

  • What treatments does Dr. Palmer suggest for mental disorders?

    He emphasizes metabolic health interventions, such as dietary changes, particularly ketogenic diets, to improve mental health.

  • What is the relationship between trauma and mental health disorders?

    Trauma affects metabolism and mitochondrial function, potentially leading to long-term mental health disorders if not resolved.

  • Are mental health disorders genetic?

    Genetic predisposition plays a role, but environmental factors and metabolic health are also significant influences.

  • What is the state of mental health globally?

    Mental disorders are the leading cause of disease and disability worldwide, with increasing prevalence.

  • How does fasting relate to mental health?

    Fasting can mimic the effects of ketogenic diets, potentially improving mitochondrial function and mental health.

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Scorrimento automatico:
  • 00:00:00
    if a woman has obesity and diabetes she
  • 00:00:03
    has quadruple the risk of having an
  • 00:00:06
    autistic child but I want to go deeper
  • 00:00:10
    and most people don't know this
  • 00:00:12
    something horrible has happened Dr Chris
  • 00:00:15
    Palmer the Harvard psychiatrist whose
  • 00:00:17
    groundbreaking new research could be the
  • 00:00:19
    missing piece to cure the mental health
  • 00:00:21
    epidemic mental disorders are the
  • 00:00:23
    leading cause of disease and disability
  • 00:00:26
    worldwide governments are actually
  • 00:00:28
    labeling them as terminal illnesses and
  • 00:00:30
    to allow people to die by assisted
  • 00:00:33
    suicide and they're going to allow them
  • 00:00:34
    to die because they know what I'm saying
  • 00:00:36
    is true they know that our treatments
  • 00:00:39
    fail people year after year after year
  • 00:00:43
    and what I'm here to say is you can in
  • 00:00:45
    fact get better how I struggled with
  • 00:00:48
    mental illness myself for 20 years I
  • 00:00:51
    tried to kill myself several times there
  • 00:00:54
    was no hope for me
  • 00:00:57
    whatsoever and I was furious with the
  • 00:01:01
    mental health field for being so
  • 00:01:03
    incompetent and I wanted to try to help
  • 00:01:06
    and the thing that people have not open
  • 00:01:08
    their eyes to is the science of
  • 00:01:10
    metabolic health and there's tiny things
  • 00:01:12
    in our cells that can heal and recover
  • 00:01:15
    people who have had chronic horrible
  • 00:01:17
    mental illnesses really yes and if
  • 00:01:19
    autism is genetic it shouldn't quadruple
  • 00:01:22
    in 20 years these are facts and we can
  • 00:01:24
    do something about it today but the
  • 00:01:26
    easiest way to understand it is that
  • 00:01:30
    quick one this is really really
  • 00:01:31
    fascinating to me on the back end of our
  • 00:01:33
    YouTube channel it says that
  • 00:01:36
    69.9% of you that watch this channel
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    frequently over the lifetime of this
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    channel haven't yet hit the Subscribe
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    choose to subscribe helps us scale the
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    guest helps us scale the production and
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    currently watching could you please hit
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    the Subscribe button thank you so much
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    and I will pay that gesture by making
  • 00:02:01
    sure that everything we do here gets
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    better and better and better and better
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    that is a promise I'm willing to make
  • 00:02:06
    you do we have a
  • 00:02:07
    [Music]
  • 00:02:13
    deal Chris when you
  • 00:02:15
    speak before we started recording you
  • 00:02:18
    speak with a deep authentic sense of
  • 00:02:24
    mission and that underneath there is a
  • 00:02:28
    personal driver that is
  • 00:02:31
    unimat and that is getting you out of
  • 00:02:33
    bed every day because I could see it in
  • 00:02:35
    your eyes I could see it in the way that
  • 00:02:37
    you said the words that you said to me
  • 00:02:39
    where does that drive begin for you what
  • 00:02:41
    was the Catalyst moment in your life
  • 00:02:43
    that inspired you and gave you that fire
  • 00:02:45
    that seems to be unquenchable to pursue
  • 00:02:48
    the path that you've pursued you know I
  • 00:02:50
    struggled with mental illness myself
  • 00:02:53
    starting in
  • 00:02:55
    childhood nobody recognized it nobody
  • 00:02:58
    diagnosed it I didn't know what it was
  • 00:03:00
    nobody knew what it was I just knew I
  • 00:03:02
    was different and
  • 00:03:04
    somehow ostracized for who I was and it
  • 00:03:08
    just felt like part of who I am and then
  • 00:03:13
    a series of horrible tragic events
  • 00:03:15
    happened in my extended
  • 00:03:18
    family when I was about 12 years
  • 00:03:22
    old and my mother ended up having a
  • 00:03:26
    nervous breakdown she called it a
  • 00:03:29
    nervous break break down it started with
  • 00:03:31
    what we would call major depression
  • 00:03:34
    quickly escalated to depression with
  • 00:03:38
    suicidality and then she developed
  • 00:03:40
    psychotic symptoms she became very
  • 00:03:44
    delusional she got mental health
  • 00:03:47
    treatment but the treatment didn't
  • 00:03:50
    work they basically were just kind of in
  • 00:03:54
    my 12-year-old mind the psychiatrists
  • 00:03:58
    were just drugging her
  • 00:04:01
    and those drugs weren't making her
  • 00:04:03
    symptoms better they weren't restoring
  • 00:04:05
    her
  • 00:04:06
    health she went on to live the rest of
  • 00:04:10
    her life with a chronic psychotic
  • 00:04:12
    disorder and that disorder completely
  • 00:04:15
    ruined and devastated her life in so
  • 00:04:19
    many ways she lost everything she lost
  • 00:04:23
    custody of her eight kids she lost all
  • 00:04:27
    of her money everything that courts
  • 00:04:30
    didn't give her any support or any money
  • 00:04:34
    I had my own
  • 00:04:37
    struggles even worse with mental illness
  • 00:04:41
    after all of that I ended up leaving
  • 00:04:43
    home before I finished high school I had
  • 00:04:45
    chronic depression and suicidality and
  • 00:04:48
    OCD and other things and the mental
  • 00:04:51
    health field was worthless for me and
  • 00:04:54
    probably caused a lot of harm for
  • 00:04:56
    me and so the the end of the day the
  • 00:05:00
    reason I'm a
  • 00:05:01
    psychiatrist is because I recognize how
  • 00:05:04
    horrible and
  • 00:05:06
    devastating mental illness can
  • 00:05:09
    be and I came to the field
  • 00:05:13
    really angry with the mental health
  • 00:05:16
    field for being so
  • 00:05:18
    incompetent and I wanted to try to help
  • 00:05:21
    I wanted to try to maybe contribute to
  • 00:05:23
    better solutions for
  • 00:05:25
    people my futile attempts to save you
  • 00:05:28
    from the ravages of mental illness lit a
  • 00:05:30
    fire in me that burns to this day I'm
  • 00:05:33
    sorry I didn't figure this out in time
  • 00:05:35
    to help you may you rest in
  • 00:05:40
    peace that's my mom and that's the
  • 00:05:44
    dedication of the book her story and the
  • 00:05:49
    devastation to her
  • 00:05:51
    life is the thing that drives me to this
  • 00:05:55
    day um and I just know that there are
  • 00:05:58
    hundreds of Millions millions of
  • 00:06:01
    people just like her with different
  • 00:06:04
    diagnoses with different
  • 00:06:07
    symptoms but the devastation to their
  • 00:06:11
    lives is the same and those people
  • 00:06:14
    deserve
  • 00:06:15
    better and I want to help them I want to
  • 00:06:18
    get them better
  • 00:06:20
    treatment those people those people
  • 00:06:23
    exist on some kind of I guess multiple
  • 00:06:25
    different spectrums of disorder what are
  • 00:06:28
    those spectrums of disorder
  • 00:06:30
    and what are what are those disorders
  • 00:06:31
    that you're referring to when you say
  • 00:06:33
    those people are the people that I want
  • 00:06:34
    to
  • 00:06:35
    help people who are diagnosed with a
  • 00:06:38
    mental
  • 00:06:39
    illness and
  • 00:06:42
    so you know the
  • 00:06:45
    diagnoses are all over the map we have
  • 00:06:49
    all of these different diagnoses and the
  • 00:06:53
    DSM
  • 00:06:55
    5tr the diagnostic and statistical
  • 00:06:58
    Manual of Psych patry which is kind of
  • 00:07:00
    considered the Bible of Psychiatry and
  • 00:07:03
    it has all of these labels in it um
  • 00:07:06
    schizophrenia bipolar disorder major
  • 00:07:09
    depressive
  • 00:07:11
    disorder alcohol use disorder which most
  • 00:07:14
    people know as
  • 00:07:17
    alcoholism other
  • 00:07:19
    addictions uh anorexia
  • 00:07:22
    nervosa but
  • 00:07:24
    also autism autism spectrum disorder or
  • 00:07:29
    dementia that most people know as
  • 00:07:32
    Alzheimer's
  • 00:07:33
    disease that those are all of the labels
  • 00:07:38
    in our um in our kind of Bible of
  • 00:07:43
    Psychiatry and the reality is that when
  • 00:07:46
    you look at the treatment
  • 00:07:50
    outcomes for people who are getting
  • 00:07:53
    treatment for those diagnostic
  • 00:07:56
    labels there is no doubt that our
  • 00:07:59
    treatments do work for a lot of people
  • 00:08:03
    millions of
  • 00:08:04
    people and so millions of people are
  • 00:08:07
    helped their lives can be saved by the
  • 00:08:10
    current treatments that we have and I'm
  • 00:08:13
    not here to take that away from anyone
  • 00:08:16
    so for people who are getting treatment
  • 00:08:18
    and those treatments are working keep
  • 00:08:20
    getting that treatment I don't want to
  • 00:08:22
    interfere with anyone's access to those
  • 00:08:26
    medications or
  • 00:08:27
    psychotherapies or electr convulsive
  • 00:08:30
    therapy or whatever treatment they're
  • 00:08:31
    getting I don't want to stand in the way
  • 00:08:35
    but there are far too many people just
  • 00:08:37
    like my mother who did everything they
  • 00:08:40
    were asked to do who took all of the
  • 00:08:42
    pills who showed up for their therapy
  • 00:08:44
    appointments who did everything they
  • 00:08:46
    were asked to do and they're not getting
  • 00:08:49
    better you know mental disorders as an
  • 00:08:52
    as a whole are now the leading cause of
  • 00:08:56
    disease burden and disability worldwide
  • 00:09:00
    and it's not because those people aren't
  • 00:09:02
    getting treatment many of them are
  • 00:09:04
    getting treatment yes there are people
  • 00:09:06
    who can't afford treatment or can't get
  • 00:09:08
    access to
  • 00:09:10
    care but a lot of people are getting
  • 00:09:13
    treatment I work at one of the best
  • 00:09:15
    psychiatric hospitals in the world I
  • 00:09:19
    have the privilege of doing that and we
  • 00:09:22
    see patients that aren't getting better
  • 00:09:25
    we see them all the time day in and day
  • 00:09:28
    out
  • 00:09:31
    and the crisis the tragedy is that some
  • 00:09:34
    governments are actually now moving to
  • 00:09:38
    labeling mental illnesses as terminal
  • 00:09:42
    illnesses the Canadian
  • 00:09:45
    government in March of
  • 00:09:47
    2024 is going to allow people to die by
  • 00:09:51
    assisted
  • 00:09:52
    suicide because of a treatment resistant
  • 00:09:55
    mental illness really yes they're going
  • 00:09:59
    to allow them to die and they're going
  • 00:10:01
    to allow them to die because they know
  • 00:10:03
    what I'm saying is true they know that
  • 00:10:05
    our treatments fail people year after
  • 00:10:08
    year after year and those people become
  • 00:10:11
    desperate and
  • 00:10:13
    hopeless and they give up on treatment
  • 00:10:16
    for good reason because they've
  • 00:10:18
    participated in treatment for decades
  • 00:10:21
    and it hasn't helped them and the
  • 00:10:24
    Canadian government has now made the
  • 00:10:26
    decision that they should be allowed to
  • 00:10:28
    die with the help of a
  • 00:10:30
    physician who can prescribe deadly
  • 00:10:34
    medications and make it easy for them to
  • 00:10:36
    die by
  • 00:10:38
    Suicide the UK is now labeling some
  • 00:10:42
    people with eating disorders as terminal
  • 00:10:45
    eating
  • 00:10:47
    disorders and that maybe you know if
  • 00:10:49
    they've exhausted treatment if they've
  • 00:10:51
    had treatment for several years or more
  • 00:10:53
    than a decade well treatment's just not
  • 00:10:56
    going to work for them so let's call
  • 00:10:58
    them terminally ill with an eating
  • 00:11:03
    disorder people are frustrated and
  • 00:11:06
    hopeless again I'm not talking about the
  • 00:11:10
    people for whom treatment's working if
  • 00:11:12
    treatment is working for someone if
  • 00:11:14
    they're taking a pill and it's working
  • 00:11:16
    fantastic you're lucky keep doing it and
  • 00:11:20
    I don't want to interfere with anyone's
  • 00:11:21
    access to that
  • 00:11:23
    treatment but we can't hide from the
  • 00:11:27
    tragic realities of the the
  • 00:11:30
    world for all of those people that are
  • 00:11:33
    they might have extreme anxiety
  • 00:11:35
    depression schizophren osity these
  • 00:11:36
    extreme sort of mental health
  • 00:11:38
    disorders what is it that you want to
  • 00:11:40
    put into their hearts and Minds with
  • 00:11:43
    your work with the message that you're
  • 00:11:44
    spreading what is it that those people
  • 00:11:46
    need to know and I I say that not as all
  • 00:11:48
    of the details which we're going to go
  • 00:11:50
    into but the very Topline message that
  • 00:11:53
    you know maybe in a sentence you want
  • 00:11:55
    those people to
  • 00:11:56
    have if you have been trying treatment
  • 00:11:59
    and those treatments aren't working for
  • 00:12:01
    you please don't give up there is hope
  • 00:12:05
    you can in fact get better if you
  • 00:12:08
    understand the science you can get
  • 00:12:11
    better the mental health conversation
  • 00:12:15
    the uh prevalence of mental
  • 00:12:19
    health lots of these things seem to have
  • 00:12:21
    changed in the last 28 years what is the
  • 00:12:24
    state of mental
  • 00:12:26
    health as we sit here today and how has
  • 00:12:29
    that changed in the 28 years that you've
  • 00:12:31
    been at Harvard and working in this
  • 00:12:34
    field I think I have a slightly
  • 00:12:37
    different perspective yours sounded more
  • 00:12:39
    hopeful than
  • 00:12:41
    mine you kind of said things have
  • 00:12:43
    changed in 28 years and tragically I
  • 00:12:47
    actually feel like they haven't changed
  • 00:12:49
    a whole
  • 00:12:50
    lot if you look at if you look globally
  • 00:12:54
    at the
  • 00:12:55
    problem the problem of mental illness is
  • 00:12:58
    increasing
  • 00:12:59
    it is not stagnant and is not decreasing
  • 00:13:02
    it is increasing in prevalence
  • 00:13:04
    throughout the
  • 00:13:05
    world prior to the pandemic about 1
  • 00:13:08
    billion people had a mental or substance
  • 00:13:11
    use disorder representing about 133% of
  • 00:13:14
    the world's population and that was just
  • 00:13:17
    in one given year
  • 00:13:20
    2017 the pandemic added insult to injury
  • 00:13:24
    and rates are much higher now and the
  • 00:13:27
    rates of mental illness have been in
  • 00:13:28
    increasing across a wide range of
  • 00:13:30
    diagnostic categories rates of autism in
  • 00:13:34
    the United States over the last 20 years
  • 00:13:37
    have
  • 00:13:39
    quadrupled a four-fold increase rates of
  • 00:13:43
    ADHD are up and through the roof rates
  • 00:13:47
    of bipolar disorder in adults a lot of
  • 00:13:50
    people think bipolar disorder that's
  • 00:13:52
    genetic well in adults in the United
  • 00:13:55
    States over the last 20 years rates have
  • 00:13:57
    doubled in children and Adolescence
  • 00:14:00
    rates are through the roof up
  • 00:14:02
    exponentially thousandfold percent rates
  • 00:14:06
    of plain old bread and butter depression
  • 00:14:09
    major depressive
  • 00:14:12
    disorder the Gallup pole does an annual
  • 00:14:15
    survey in the United States of current
  • 00:14:18
    and lifetime prevalence of depression
  • 00:14:21
    and just this year in
  • 00:14:23
    2023 rates of both both current
  • 00:14:27
    prevalence and lifetime prevalence
  • 00:14:28
    reached alltime ever recorded highs so
  • 00:14:32
    we have a catastrophe we have an
  • 00:14:36
    epidemic mental illness is a growing
  • 00:14:39
    escalating
  • 00:14:41
    problem and I wish that I could say our
  • 00:14:44
    treatments were dramatically better
  • 00:14:47
    there is no doubt we do have new
  • 00:14:50
    treatment options we have ketamine and
  • 00:14:53
    psychedelics we've got transcranial
  • 00:14:56
    magnetic stimulation which wasn't around
  • 00:14:58
    when I first
  • 00:15:00
    started we have some new
  • 00:15:03
    medications but the real answer is the
  • 00:15:05
    medications that we have are no better
  • 00:15:07
    than the old medications because they're
  • 00:15:10
    all based on the same
  • 00:15:13
    mechanisms so companies are simply
  • 00:15:16
    repeating what we already know kind of
  • 00:15:19
    sort of works and they're just making
  • 00:15:22
    new molecules that kind of sort of do
  • 00:15:24
    the same thing and so they still just
  • 00:15:27
    kind of sort of work they don't work for
  • 00:15:30
    everyone and they even fail to work for
  • 00:15:33
    most people in the largest study ever
  • 00:15:37
    done of
  • 00:15:38
    depression when people come in the very
  • 00:15:42
    first anti-depressant treatment they get
  • 00:15:44
    over 4,000 people treated at the best
  • 00:15:46
    academic centers that we have in the
  • 00:15:49
    United
  • 00:15:50
    States the first antidepressant
  • 00:15:53
    treatment only about 30% get a
  • 00:15:56
    remission that means 70% % still have
  • 00:16:00
    major depressive disorder they have
  • 00:16:02
    enough symptoms to still be labeled
  • 00:16:05
    clinically
  • 00:16:07
    depressed even if the pill helped them a
  • 00:16:09
    little bit it didn't help them enough to
  • 00:16:12
    make their symptoms enough of their
  • 00:16:14
    symptoms go away now even those 30% who
  • 00:16:17
    got a remission many of them are still
  • 00:16:20
    having low-grade symptoms like all of
  • 00:16:22
    their symptoms didn't go away and after
  • 00:16:26
    four levels of treatment
  • 00:16:29
    the original published report said that
  • 00:16:33
    67% got a remission after four different
  • 00:16:36
    types of treatment for major depressive
  • 00:16:40
    disorder if we take that at face value
  • 00:16:44
    that means onethird of patients are
  • 00:16:46
    still clinically depressed after four
  • 00:16:50
    levels of
  • 00:16:52
    treatment other researchers have
  • 00:16:54
    challenged that 67% figure because the
  • 00:16:57
    reality is half of the people in that
  • 00:16:59
    study dropped out because it just wasn't
  • 00:17:02
    working out for them so we got a problem
  • 00:17:06
    there like this this protocol clearly
  • 00:17:08
    isn't working out well for people when
  • 00:17:10
    half of the people are dropping out of
  • 00:17:12
    your
  • 00:17:12
    study and the second problem is that
  • 00:17:16
    there are some researchers who point out
  • 00:17:19
    that they changed the criteria for
  • 00:17:23
    remission during the study they
  • 00:17:27
    prospectively said they were going to
  • 00:17:29
    Define remission in a very certain way
  • 00:17:32
    using certain
  • 00:17:35
    metrics those researchers said if they
  • 00:17:39
    stuck to their
  • 00:17:40
    protocol only about 35% got a remission
  • 00:17:45
    after four treatment
  • 00:17:48
    levels that would mean two-thirds of
  • 00:17:50
    people after getting four levels of
  • 00:17:53
    treatment are still clinically
  • 00:17:56
    depressed and that is the current state
  • 00:17:59
    of affairs for
  • 00:18:01
    depression something that we all know
  • 00:18:04
    something that we've got so many
  • 00:18:05
    treatments for if we look at more quote
  • 00:18:09
    unquote serious mental disorders like
  • 00:18:11
    bipolar disorder and
  • 00:18:13
    schizophrenia the results are
  • 00:18:16
    abysmal the one large study of 6,000
  • 00:18:20
    patients with
  • 00:18:22
    schizophrenia only 4% of the patients
  • 00:18:26
    got a recovery meaning that their
  • 00:18:29
    symptomss were in full and complete
  • 00:18:32
    remission they were they had a decent
  • 00:18:34
    quality of life and that they were able
  • 00:18:36
    to function in the world they were able
  • 00:18:39
    to have a job or go to school only 4% of
  • 00:18:43
    people with schizophrenia got that using
  • 00:18:47
    our best treatments available
  • 00:18:51
    today those statistics aren't a lot
  • 00:18:54
    better than they
  • 00:18:55
    were 50 years ago tra
  • 00:18:59
    magically Chris when people say to you
  • 00:19:01
    or when people say the quite common
  • 00:19:03
    rebuttal that the reason we're seeing
  • 00:19:05
    this rise in mental health disorders is
  • 00:19:07
    just because there's more of a
  • 00:19:08
    conversation about it so more people are
  • 00:19:09
    stepping forward we now have a word for
  • 00:19:11
    it so there's just more labeling and
  • 00:19:14
    these mental health disorders like the
  • 00:19:15
    ones you've named and even things like
  • 00:19:17
    ADHD and autism um it's just because
  • 00:19:20
    there's more conversation going on and
  • 00:19:22
    these things aren't in fact
  • 00:19:24
    increasing that is a common argument and
  • 00:19:30
    I would
  • 00:19:32
    argue
  • 00:19:33
    that it's like just putting your head in
  • 00:19:36
    the
  • 00:19:37
    sand the easiest place to get an
  • 00:19:40
    accurate
  • 00:19:42
    read on the true prevalence of mental
  • 00:19:47
    illness and not just the recognition of
  • 00:19:50
    it but the true prevalence of it is to
  • 00:19:53
    talk to school teachers who've been
  • 00:19:55
    teaching for more than 30 years if you
  • 00:19:58
    ask
  • 00:20:00
    them were you just not recognizing the
  • 00:20:03
    children 30 years ago who are screaming
  • 00:20:06
    and tantruming in your classroom were
  • 00:20:09
    you just not recognizing the children
  • 00:20:13
    who were melting down when they got bad
  • 00:20:15
    grades and injuring themselves in class
  • 00:20:19
    were you just not recognizing the level
  • 00:20:21
    of Despair that you and anxiety that you
  • 00:20:25
    see in
  • 00:20:26
    children did you just have your head in
  • 00:20:28
    the sand back then and now since
  • 00:20:31
    everybody's talking about it you see
  • 00:20:32
    those behaviors you see those symptoms
  • 00:20:35
    the school teachers and the guidance
  • 00:20:37
    counselors will laugh at you and say no
  • 00:20:41
    no
  • 00:20:42
    no something has
  • 00:20:45
    happened something horrible has
  • 00:20:50
    happened I wasn't ignoring mental health
  • 00:20:53
    30 years ago I wasn't ignoring despair
  • 00:20:57
    30 years years ago I wasn't ignoring
  • 00:20:59
    extremee anxiety and panic I wasn't
  • 00:21:02
    ignoring Tantrums in my classroom 30
  • 00:21:04
    years
  • 00:21:06
    ago they are skyrocketing in
  • 00:21:10
    prevalence if we look at emergency
  • 00:21:13
    rooms so emergency rooms in the United
  • 00:21:17
    States that's I can speak best about
  • 00:21:20
    statistics here in the United
  • 00:21:22
    States um but I think in most Western
  • 00:21:26
    countries these statistics
  • 00:21:29
    are similar we have a
  • 00:21:31
    crisis in mental health in emergency
  • 00:21:35
    rooms in particular youth mental health
  • 00:21:38
    but it's across the board we have all of
  • 00:21:41
    these children and adolescents showing
  • 00:21:44
    up to emergency rooms having attempted
  • 00:21:47
    suicide or they're becoming
  • 00:21:50
    psychotic and they're diagnosed with
  • 00:21:52
    bipolar
  • 00:21:54
    disorder at skyrocketing
  • 00:21:57
    rates
  • 00:21:58
    and and we don't have enough services to
  • 00:22:01
    treat these people these kids these
  • 00:22:04
    adolescents our children we don't have
  • 00:22:07
    places to put them so they sit in
  • 00:22:10
    emergency rooms not getting Optimal Care
  • 00:22:14
    simply getting medicated sometimes
  • 00:22:16
    restrained to a hospital gurnie so that
  • 00:22:19
    they don't try to run away or hurt
  • 00:22:23
    themselves talk to anybody in an
  • 00:22:26
    emergency room we're see
  • 00:22:28
    that those people weren't hiding in
  • 00:22:31
    their
  • 00:22:32
    homes 30 years
  • 00:22:34
    ago something's
  • 00:22:37
    happening they are actively acting on
  • 00:22:41
    mental health symptoms they are acting
  • 00:22:44
    out of
  • 00:22:45
    Despair the suicide rate has gone up if
  • 00:22:50
    you in the United States or the last 20
  • 00:22:52
    years total suicide rate has gone up by
  • 00:22:55
    about
  • 00:22:56
    30% but if you look at a different
  • 00:22:59
    statistic called deaths of
  • 00:23:03
    Despair it has doubled in 20 years
  • 00:23:07
    deaths of Despair includes not only
  • 00:23:10
    suicides but also deaths from alcohol
  • 00:23:13
    use drug overdoses and others those are
  • 00:23:17
    mental health problems those are
  • 00:23:19
    addictions they are mental health
  • 00:23:22
    disorders they are in
  • 00:23:25
    DSM rates have doubled
  • 00:23:28
    in 20 years people weren't dying 30
  • 00:23:32
    years ago and we just didn't recognize
  • 00:23:34
    it and now we're recognizing death now
  • 00:23:38
    we're recognizing suicide we didn't
  • 00:23:40
    really recognize it 30 years ago but now
  • 00:23:42
    we recogniz no no no we we know we know
  • 00:23:46
    what death is morticians know how to
  • 00:23:49
    recognize it and diagnose it and the
  • 00:23:52
    rates are skyrocketing a doubling in 20
  • 00:23:56
    years that is nothing to
  • 00:24:01
    ignore that begs the
  • 00:24:03
    question what do you believe is causing
  • 00:24:05
    it because clearly you know when I've
  • 00:24:08
    heard people when I say people I mean
  • 00:24:10
    just the you know the things you see in
  • 00:24:12
    culture and media or maybe on Instagram
  • 00:24:14
    that say you know there's a chemical
  • 00:24:16
    imbalance in people's brains I've always
  • 00:24:18
    struggled with that I understand there
  • 00:24:19
    might be sometimes but I've struggled
  • 00:24:20
    with that as a broad answer to a very
  • 00:24:23
    complicated Nuance set of issues because
  • 00:24:25
    I just have a a bias to believing that
  • 00:24:27
    hum aren't born broken you know I
  • 00:24:29
    believe that you know my ancestors go
  • 00:24:32
    back very I've got a lot of ancestors
  • 00:24:34
    that um I understand how natural you
  • 00:24:37
    know natural selection and evolution
  • 00:24:39
    works I don't think that I was born
  • 00:24:41
    broken so I think maybe there's an
  • 00:24:42
    environmental factor maybe something I'm
  • 00:24:44
    I'm doing or something we're doing as a
  • 00:24:46
    society is increasing these rates of
  • 00:24:47
    suicidality that you talk
  • 00:24:49
    about what you believe is the answer
  • 00:24:51
    that we're missing or not talking about
  • 00:24:54
    enough the root causes which we can can
  • 00:24:58
    get to and and I have lots of ideas and
  • 00:25:01
    thoughts on it if you want to get into
  • 00:25:02
    the weeds of like what are the exact
  • 00:25:04
    causes we can talk about that but the
  • 00:25:08
    thing that people have not opened their
  • 00:25:10
    eyes
  • 00:25:11
    to is the science of what we call
  • 00:25:15
    metabolism or metabolic
  • 00:25:18
    health and what I ultimately am arguing
  • 00:25:21
    the easiest way for me to put it is that
  • 00:25:24
    what I'm arguing is that mental health
  • 00:25:27
    condition The Chronic serious ones in
  • 00:25:30
    which the brain isn't functioning
  • 00:25:34
    properly brain disorders that are
  • 00:25:36
    causing mental health symptoms those are
  • 00:25:38
    the things I'm talking about now that
  • 00:25:40
    we're all susceptible to you believe I
  • 00:25:42
    think we're all susceptible to it those
  • 00:25:45
    in fact are metabolic disorders
  • 00:25:48
    affecting the
  • 00:25:50
    brain and so the easiest way to
  • 00:25:52
    understand why do we see skyrocketing
  • 00:25:54
    rates of mental illness
  • 00:25:58
    it's not a
  • 00:26:00
    coincidence that we're seeing those
  • 00:26:02
    skyrocketing rates at the same time that
  • 00:26:04
    we see skyrocketing rates of obesity
  • 00:26:08
    overweight diabetes and pre-diabetes
  • 00:26:11
    which are also
  • 00:26:13
    metabolic
  • 00:26:15
    conditions that all of those things are
  • 00:26:18
    rising
  • 00:26:20
    simultaneously and that the brain is an
  • 00:26:23
    organ and so some people can have
  • 00:26:26
    metabolic problems
  • 00:26:28
    and some people can be thin and still
  • 00:26:31
    have a metabolic problem so it's I'm not
  • 00:26:35
    at all saying that obesity is the only
  • 00:26:38
    driver because a lot of times people
  • 00:26:40
    think about it in that way so are you
  • 00:26:41
    saying obesity comes first and then
  • 00:26:43
    everybody gets a mental illness no I'm
  • 00:26:44
    not saying it that way sometimes the
  • 00:26:47
    mental illness starts
  • 00:26:49
    first because it's a manifestation of
  • 00:26:52
    metabolic dysfunction in the
  • 00:26:54
    brain and it basically means the brain
  • 00:26:57
    isn't working working right and so
  • 00:26:58
    somebody might have unrelenting
  • 00:27:01
    depression or unexplainable anxiety or
  • 00:27:05
    psychotic symptoms or bipolar symptoms
  • 00:27:09
    or eating disorder symptoms or substance
  • 00:27:12
    use disorder
  • 00:27:14
    symptoms that they may
  • 00:27:17
    have symptoms but all of those things
  • 00:27:20
    are a manifestation of metabolic
  • 00:27:22
    dysfunction in the brain can you explain
  • 00:27:25
    metabolic dysfunction to me like I'm a
  • 00:27:27
    10-year-old
  • 00:27:28
    the easiest way to explain it is that
  • 00:27:31
    our bodies and our brains are made up of
  • 00:27:34
    cells and all of our cells need two
  • 00:27:38
    essential things to function properly
  • 00:27:42
    they need food
  • 00:27:44
    oxygen those are the big ones that most
  • 00:27:46
    people know it gets more much more
  • 00:27:49
    complicated fast because food contains
  • 00:27:51
    all sorts of nutrients so we need
  • 00:27:53
    certain vitamins and nutrients and
  • 00:27:55
    hormones are playing a role all sorts of
  • 00:27:56
    things are playing a role
  • 00:27:58
    but at the end of the day that's what
  • 00:28:00
    metabolism is metabolism is taking food
  • 00:28:02
    and oxygen and keeping us
  • 00:28:05
    alive they are
  • 00:28:07
    fundamental to our health but also the
  • 00:28:11
    function of our cells and when something
  • 00:28:15
    goes wrong in that process and there are
  • 00:28:18
    lots of things that can go
  • 00:28:20
    wrong when something goes wrong with
  • 00:28:22
    taking food and oxygen and turning it
  • 00:28:25
    into
  • 00:28:26
    energy
  • 00:28:28
    the cell can
  • 00:28:31
    malfunction and when it happens in your
  • 00:28:33
    brain it means that your brain can
  • 00:28:37
    malfunction and the way that we know the
  • 00:28:39
    brain is
  • 00:28:40
    malfunctioning are all of the symptoms
  • 00:28:43
    of mental
  • 00:28:44
    illness when
  • 00:28:46
    somebody has depression for no good
  • 00:28:50
    reason when somebody has anxiety for no
  • 00:28:54
    good
  • 00:28:55
    reason when somebody
  • 00:28:58
    just has experiences like hallucinations
  • 00:29:01
    or delusions for no good reason that all
  • 00:29:05
    of those things represent the brain
  • 00:29:07
    malfunctioning if you could take me one
  • 00:29:09
    step deeper into this idea of you know
  • 00:29:11
    food and oxygen being converted into
  • 00:29:14
    energy in the cell um something goes
  • 00:29:18
    wrong
  • 00:29:19
    there what goes wrong why does it go
  • 00:29:23
    wrong so the real answer is it's
  • 00:29:26
    extraordinarily comp licated there are
  • 00:29:28
    many Pathways in metabolism there are
  • 00:29:30
    many things that play a role but the
  • 00:29:33
    easiest way to understand it and the way
  • 00:29:35
    to unify it the helpful insight the
  • 00:29:39
    immensely helpful
  • 00:29:41
    insight and this is new Cutting Edge
  • 00:29:45
    information most people don't know
  • 00:29:51
    this but there are these tiny things in
  • 00:29:53
    our cells called
  • 00:29:56
    mitochondria and
  • 00:29:57
    they are actually the primary sites in
  • 00:30:02
    our cells that food and oxygen are
  • 00:30:06
    getting converted into energy or
  • 00:30:09
    building blocks for our
  • 00:30:11
    cells when you do a deep dive into the
  • 00:30:14
    science of
  • 00:30:16
    mitochondria you can actually begin to
  • 00:30:21
    understand what's happening in the
  • 00:30:23
    brains and bodies of people with mental
  • 00:30:26
    illness
  • 00:30:27
    and you can begin to understand all of
  • 00:30:29
    these very complicated things like why
  • 00:30:32
    would neurotransmitters become
  • 00:30:35
    imbalanced that's what what's causing a
  • 00:30:37
    neurotransmitter imbalance if there even
  • 00:30:40
    is one what's causing a hormone
  • 00:30:43
    imbalance what's causing higher levels
  • 00:30:45
    of inflammation in the brains and bodies
  • 00:30:48
    of people with metabolic and mental
  • 00:30:51
    disorders um what about the gut
  • 00:30:53
    microbiome how does that play a role but
  • 00:30:57
    what about stress and Trauma
  • 00:31:01
    psychological stress trauma how do those
  • 00:31:05
    things fit
  • 00:31:07
    in mitochondria are actually the
  • 00:31:10
    scientific way to begin to connect all
  • 00:31:14
    of those dots and help us
  • 00:31:17
    understand why the brains of some people
  • 00:31:21
    quote unquote malfunction or why they
  • 00:31:24
    are
  • 00:31:25
    disregulated might be a better way to
  • 00:31:28
    put it or why some people can't seem to
  • 00:31:32
    quote unquote get over it get over a
  • 00:31:35
    trauma or get over a breakup with
  • 00:31:37
    someone what's going on why aren't they
  • 00:31:40
    more resilient why can't they pull it
  • 00:31:43
    together mitochondrial dysfunction as
  • 00:31:47
    nerdy and sciency as that is can help us
  • 00:31:51
    connect the dots what do I need to know
  • 00:31:53
    about the mitochondria what it is I know
  • 00:31:55
    it's in every cell in my body um is is
  • 00:31:57
    there anything else I need to know about
  • 00:31:58
    it before we explore these through lines
  • 00:32:01
    and how all these other things come back
  • 00:32:02
    and connect to the
  • 00:32:04
    mitochondria so mitochondria are present
  • 00:32:07
    in most cells in the body not not every
  • 00:32:10
    single human the the glaring example are
  • 00:32:13
    red blood cells which actually lose
  • 00:32:15
    their mitochondria they have them when
  • 00:32:17
    they are first forming but then they
  • 00:32:19
    lose their mitochondria so red blood
  • 00:32:21
    cells interestingly don't live all that
  • 00:32:23
    long um we're constantly creating new
  • 00:32:25
    ones and turning them over so most
  • 00:32:27
    people know mitochondria as the
  • 00:32:29
    PowerHouse of the cell which means they
  • 00:32:31
    take food and oxygen and turn it into
  • 00:32:33
    ATP and that's what most people learn in
  • 00:32:35
    school they're the PowerHouse of the
  • 00:32:37
    cell but I'm here to tell you they are
  • 00:32:39
    so so much more than that there are
  • 00:32:42
    hundreds or thousands of them in most
  • 00:32:45
    cells they are highly
  • 00:32:49
    Dynamic at one point you know the the
  • 00:32:52
    theory of
  • 00:32:54
    multicellular life on planet
  • 00:32:58
    Earth is that mitochondria were once
  • 00:33:01
    Independent Living
  • 00:33:05
    bacteria and that another single cell
  • 00:33:08
    organism engulfed that very first
  • 00:33:13
    bacterium and the two of
  • 00:33:16
    those organisms lived they stayed alive
  • 00:33:19
    usually when you get engulfed by another
  • 00:33:21
    organism that means getting eaten and
  • 00:33:24
    you you die for whatever reason
  • 00:33:27
    these two stayed alive and they became
  • 00:33:30
    symbiotic with each
  • 00:33:32
    other and actually that event is thought
  • 00:33:37
    to maybe have only happened
  • 00:33:39
    once on Earth and that single
  • 00:33:44
    organism evolved into all multicellular
  • 00:33:47
    life that we know today so all living
  • 00:33:50
    organisms that we can see with our eyes
  • 00:33:53
    plants all animals are
  • 00:33:57
    evolved from that same organism so
  • 00:34:02
    mitochondria divide and replicate they
  • 00:34:05
    actually move around cells they fuse
  • 00:34:08
    with each other they Bud off from each
  • 00:34:10
    other they they form patterns around the
  • 00:34:15
    nucle cell nucleus which plays a role in
  • 00:34:19
    which genes get expressed or don't get
  • 00:34:21
    expressed they do all sorts of things
  • 00:34:24
    when people say that we have a
  • 00:34:26
    predisposition a genetic predisposition
  • 00:34:28
    to mental health disorders and that you
  • 00:34:30
    know you'll have depression if
  • 00:34:31
    depression runs in your family Etc is
  • 00:34:33
    there Merit in that in your view is
  • 00:34:35
    there evidence to support that
  • 00:34:37
    absolutely so we know that we know that
  • 00:34:39
    mental illness runs in
  • 00:34:41
    families genes explain some of that but
  • 00:34:45
    not all of that the environment actually
  • 00:34:49
    can influence things called epigenetic
  • 00:34:53
    factors which are factors
  • 00:34:58
    that control the expression of genes
  • 00:35:01
    they turn genes on or off and those
  • 00:35:05
    epigenetic factors are actually
  • 00:35:07
    inheritable you can inherit them from
  • 00:35:10
    your parents and so it's not all
  • 00:35:13
    strictly
  • 00:35:15
    genetics um some of it is epigenetic so
  • 00:35:19
    first and foremost there are no genes
  • 00:35:22
    that are specific to specific disorders
  • 00:35:25
    most people think well you know if
  • 00:35:26
    bipolar disorder runs in my family there
  • 00:35:28
    must be a bipolar disorder
  • 00:35:31
    Gene and in fact there isn't a bipolar
  • 00:35:34
    disorder Gene there are genes that
  • 00:35:36
    increase risk for bipolar disorder but
  • 00:35:38
    at the same time they also increase risk
  • 00:35:40
    for schizophrenia and epilepsy and
  • 00:35:44
    autism and depression and other types of
  • 00:35:48
    mental and neurological
  • 00:35:50
    disorders and if you look at the
  • 00:35:52
    unifying theme like is there a theme for
  • 00:35:57
    these genes is there a common pathway
  • 00:36:01
    that can help us better understand
  • 00:36:02
    mental illness the common pathway is
  • 00:36:05
    that most of the genes are affecting
  • 00:36:07
    metabolism and
  • 00:36:09
    mitochondria one research study that
  • 00:36:12
    came out a couple years ago researchers
  • 00:36:14
    have been looking for years at a a
  • 00:36:17
    high-risk Gene for
  • 00:36:20
    schizophrenia um and we know that people
  • 00:36:22
    who have this very very rare genes so
  • 00:36:24
    almost nobody has it but if you do have
  • 00:36:27
    it you're at high risk for developing
  • 00:36:28
    schizophrenia along with lots of other
  • 00:36:30
    mental illnesses but schizophrenia is
  • 00:36:32
    the big one and the researchers did this
  • 00:36:35
    deep dive into trying to understand what
  • 00:36:38
    exactly is this Gene doing and at the
  • 00:36:40
    end of the day they said it's affecting
  • 00:36:43
    mitochondria and that is probably how it
  • 00:36:46
    is causing schizophrenia metabolism that
  • 00:36:49
    happens as a result of the work of the
  • 00:36:50
    mitochondria is that accurate so want to
  • 00:36:52
    make sure I've I'm clear on them before
  • 00:36:54
    we proceed 90% of of metabolism at least
  • 00:36:58
    is occurring in mitochondria so
  • 00:37:01
    it's that definition as a scientist I
  • 00:37:04
    have to say isn't 100% accurate because
  • 00:37:06
    there is a thing called
  • 00:37:08
    glycolysis that can happen in cells
  • 00:37:11
    where you can actually produce ATP
  • 00:37:14
    without using mitochondria what's that
  • 00:37:17
    so ATP is usually known as the energy
  • 00:37:20
    currency of living organisms of cells
  • 00:37:24
    and so um and that that ATP ends up
  • 00:37:28
    making cells work it is the energy
  • 00:37:31
    that's flowing around cells or the
  • 00:37:33
    molecule that's flowing around cells to
  • 00:37:35
    make receptors work to to make all of
  • 00:37:38
    the Machinery of cells work and that
  • 00:37:43
    becomes relevant maybe some of your
  • 00:37:45
    listeners will know this if you exercise
  • 00:37:48
    really hard like you're running a
  • 00:37:50
    marathon or you're running as far as you
  • 00:37:52
    can get with a marathon before you
  • 00:37:54
    absolutely are exhausted and you just
  • 00:37:56
    have to stop your mitochondria will
  • 00:37:59
    actually become maxed out that is what's
  • 00:38:01
    preventing you from running is your
  • 00:38:03
    mitochondria max out and they they're
  • 00:38:05
    it's like you don't have enough of them
  • 00:38:07
    or they're not healthy enough and so
  • 00:38:09
    they just they can't keep you going they
  • 00:38:11
    can't keep your muscles going and so you
  • 00:38:13
    Peter out and when you Peter out you
  • 00:38:16
    start you turn to this process called
  • 00:38:18
    glycolysis which actually ends up
  • 00:38:20
    producing lactic acid or lactate and so
  • 00:38:24
    Runners will get higher levels of LA
  • 00:38:26
    lactate and and then that can create
  • 00:38:28
    soreness and all sorts of things um but
  • 00:38:33
    uh yeah that's so metabolism is really
  • 00:38:36
    the process of taking food and energy
  • 00:38:38
    food and oxygen I'm sorry and turning it
  • 00:38:40
    into energy or building blocks and that
  • 00:38:43
    can occur on a small scale outside of
  • 00:38:47
    mitochondria but as soon as the
  • 00:38:49
    mitochondria in most of your cells are
  • 00:38:51
    dysfunctional or dead you you die
  • 00:38:55
    there's no way around it
  • 00:38:57
    so let's use some of those examples that
  • 00:38:58
    you gave earlier you talked about stress
  • 00:39:00
    and Trauma and these kinds of things I'm
  • 00:39:02
    really Keen to know how a traumatic
  • 00:39:04
    event can have an impact on your
  • 00:39:07
    metabolism your mitochondria which then
  • 00:39:09
    manifests as a mental illness um so if
  • 00:39:12
    we take trauma for example people go
  • 00:39:13
    through early trauma in their life I
  • 00:39:15
    don't know there's a I mean you had a
  • 00:39:16
    very traumatic upbringing how do you
  • 00:39:18
    think that maybe even in your case if
  • 00:39:21
    you were able to see inside of your body
  • 00:39:22
    and what was happening that external um
  • 00:39:25
    traumatic event came into your body in
  • 00:39:27
    some way caused a physiological reaction
  • 00:39:30
    had an impact on your metabolism which
  • 00:39:31
    results in a mental health disorder of
  • 00:39:34
    source it gets a little complicated
  • 00:39:37
    because it it goes through a couple of
  • 00:39:39
    stages so I'll try to walk you through
  • 00:39:41
    it in the simplest way I
  • 00:39:43
    can when somebody is first
  • 00:39:47
    traumatized everybody if they are normal
  • 00:39:51
    will have
  • 00:39:52
    symptoms if you get traumatized you will
  • 00:39:54
    experience fear
  • 00:39:56
    you will experience
  • 00:39:58
    hypervigilance you will want to fight or
  • 00:40:01
    flee or you might freeze or you might
  • 00:40:03
    surrender you might beg for forgiveness
  • 00:40:06
    or Mercy or what
  • 00:40:08
    you everybody is going to have those
  • 00:40:12
    reactions in my mind those reactions are
  • 00:40:15
    not disorders they are not
  • 00:40:17
    malfunctioning brains or malfunctioning
  • 00:40:21
    anything
  • 00:40:23
    um so everybody will have that
  • 00:40:27
    however when that
  • 00:40:29
    happens it immediately changes your
  • 00:40:33
    metabolism your metabolis the easiest
  • 00:40:35
    way to understand it is the sympathetic
  • 00:40:38
    nervous system gets turned on fiercely
  • 00:40:43
    if the trauma is really
  • 00:40:44
    bad because you have to defend
  • 00:40:48
    yourself your life is threatened your
  • 00:40:53
    safety is
  • 00:40:55
    threatened traumas can even be less
  • 00:40:59
    extreme than that you can have highly
  • 00:41:01
    stressful events in which maybe even
  • 00:41:04
    though your physical life isn't
  • 00:41:05
    threatened maybe all your money is
  • 00:41:07
    threatened the stock market crashes and
  • 00:41:09
    you lose
  • 00:41:11
    everything and you now think I'm
  • 00:41:15
    worthless I'm
  • 00:41:20
    penniless I'm losing my status in
  • 00:41:23
    society I'm going to have to live a very
  • 00:41:25
    different life I've just disappointed
  • 00:41:28
    everybody who depends on
  • 00:41:30
    me that could be a trauma even though by
  • 00:41:34
    definition because it doesn't threaten
  • 00:41:36
    your life it's not technically
  • 00:41:38
    considered a trauma so for those people
  • 00:41:41
    that are you know they've been through a
  • 00:41:42
    traumatic event what then is going on in
  • 00:41:45
    their body as it relates to metabolism
  • 00:41:48
    based on that traumatic event trauma
  • 00:41:51
    immediately changes
  • 00:41:53
    metabolism so trauma puts us
  • 00:41:57
    into
  • 00:42:01
    this you know most people know it as
  • 00:42:03
    fight ORF flight
  • 00:42:04
    mode um and again there are other
  • 00:42:07
    responses that one can have you can
  • 00:42:09
    surrender you can freeze you can do
  • 00:42:11
    other things but um when people feel
  • 00:42:17
    threatened either physically or their
  • 00:42:19
    reputation is threatened or their
  • 00:42:21
    identity is
  • 00:42:23
    threatened immediately they're nervous
  • 00:42:26
    system and hormones are
  • 00:42:28
    changing and the reason they're changing
  • 00:42:31
    is because your our bodies are hardwired
  • 00:42:35
    to protect us and in order to protect us
  • 00:42:38
    it means that we need more energy and we
  • 00:42:41
    need it now we need more energy in order
  • 00:42:44
    to be able to run or fight or whatever
  • 00:42:46
    we need to do and that means that our
  • 00:42:49
    heart rate goes up our blood glucose
  • 00:42:52
    goes up cortisol is flowing
  • 00:42:56
    [Music]
  • 00:42:57
    adrenaline is flowing through the
  • 00:43:01
    body inflammation is actually
  • 00:43:05
    occurring and epigenetic changes are
  • 00:43:08
    occurring memory formation is occurring
  • 00:43:11
    in a powerful way during a trauma
  • 00:43:17
    memory our brains are hardwiring this
  • 00:43:21
    event so that we remember it we remember
  • 00:43:25
    this threatened us and you cannot forget
  • 00:43:28
    this this is not a trivial moment you
  • 00:43:32
    must remember this for the rest of your
  • 00:43:34
    life because it's threatening your
  • 00:43:36
    survival and you must remember how to
  • 00:43:38
    respond to this again not necessarily
  • 00:43:41
    because our responses can be all over
  • 00:43:43
    the map sometimes our responses can be
  • 00:43:45
    quite effective and other times
  • 00:43:48
    people can
  • 00:43:50
    die they don't respond effectively and
  • 00:43:53
    they are killed I mean that would be the
  • 00:43:55
    worst case scenario and then there's
  • 00:43:56
    everything in between where you you get
  • 00:43:58
    a suboptimal outcome you end up homeless
  • 00:44:00
    with your psychotic mother that's not a
  • 00:44:03
    very effective response when I asked
  • 00:44:05
    that question I was asking as we see
  • 00:44:07
    patterns in trauma like a trauma pattern
  • 00:44:08
    there's a trigger there's a response and
  • 00:44:10
    then you know I even think about some of
  • 00:44:12
    the low you small te traumas that I had
  • 00:44:15
    in my life that meant that I would run
  • 00:44:17
    from romantic commitment for the rest of
  • 00:44:19
    my life for example and it was like a
  • 00:44:21
    pattern I was going through the same
  • 00:44:22
    Loop over and over again trigger Steve's
  • 00:44:25
    response is like this causes this
  • 00:44:26
    outcome
  • 00:44:27
    trigger so I was wondering if I learned
  • 00:44:30
    at that very young age that cycle
  • 00:44:32
    somewhere in my like neurons in my brain
  • 00:44:35
    so that's why I said do we then learn
  • 00:44:37
    the response to that trauma at that
  • 00:44:39
    point as well we we learn the response
  • 00:44:43
    we remember the response that we did MH
  • 00:44:46
    and as long as we've survived that is
  • 00:44:49
    the ingrained memory the ingrained
  • 00:44:52
    memory is when this happens do this
  • 00:44:56
    because this is what I did and I
  • 00:44:58
    survived it and so that becomes the
  • 00:45:02
    default and then that becomes a default
  • 00:45:05
    pattern for many people MH at some point
  • 00:45:08
    in
  • 00:45:11
    life it can be act actually be quite
  • 00:45:14
    useful to look at that response okay so
  • 00:45:17
    when I was 5 years old or 20 years old
  • 00:45:20
    or whatever and that thing happened I
  • 00:45:23
    responded this way and I survived it
  • 00:45:28
    great but how's this working out for me
  • 00:45:32
    now is that the optimal
  • 00:45:36
    response it's not about beating yourself
  • 00:45:38
    up for I should have done something
  • 00:45:40
    different back then it's simply about
  • 00:45:43
    recognizing and honoring I I did what I
  • 00:45:47
    thought I was the right thing to do I
  • 00:45:48
    did my best back then but I'm smarter
  • 00:45:52
    now I'm older now I'm Wiser now
  • 00:45:57
    if I could do it again if I could go
  • 00:46:00
    back in time as my smarter wiser
  • 00:46:04
    self would I do it differently and what
  • 00:46:07
    would the outcome be if I did it
  • 00:46:10
    differently and then that becomes highly
  • 00:46:13
    relevant to today so when I'm in this
  • 00:46:16
    romantic relationship
  • 00:46:19
    now I keep having this urge to break
  • 00:46:23
    up because this person is disappointing
  • 00:46:26
    ing me in this way and I feel like she
  • 00:46:29
    or he is going to threaten me or betray
  • 00:46:33
    me or
  • 00:46:35
    whatever and is that the right approach
  • 00:46:41
    is it true that this person is going to
  • 00:46:43
    betray me like the person in the past
  • 00:46:46
    did or am I hyp sensitive to that am I
  • 00:46:51
    again we're wired to look for any clue
  • 00:46:55
    that a trauma might happen again so
  • 00:46:58
    we're we're going to over
  • 00:46:59
    interpret things
  • 00:47:02
    sometimes in an in a in an erroneous way
  • 00:47:07
    so that early trauma or that trauma I
  • 00:47:09
    experienced made my body go into that
  • 00:47:11
    survival mode fired all kinds of ways
  • 00:47:13
    and my glucose levels went out my all of
  • 00:47:16
    these things all metabolism related
  • 00:47:17
    stuff happened how does that then cause
  • 00:47:21
    a mental health disorder at some point
  • 00:47:22
    down the line if that trauma is not
  • 00:47:26
    resolved so for some
  • 00:47:29
    people they can experience a trauma they
  • 00:47:32
    can be quite
  • 00:47:34
    effective at mitigating it and move on
  • 00:47:38
    with their
  • 00:47:39
    life somebody could get into a fight
  • 00:47:42
    somebody could get mugged on the street
  • 00:47:45
    they're just walking down the street
  • 00:47:46
    somebody pulls a knife on them or a gun
  • 00:47:48
    on them and wants to Rob them if
  • 00:47:51
    somebody manages that trauma highly
  • 00:47:54
    effectively let's say you happen to have
  • 00:47:57
    a black belt in karate and you disarm
  • 00:48:02
    your as salent very quickly and
  • 00:48:05
    rapidly you may not think twice about
  • 00:48:08
    the trauma you may actually be
  • 00:48:09
    emboldened after that traumatic event
  • 00:48:11
    and think I'm quite effective and
  • 00:48:13
    skilled wow those karate classes really
  • 00:48:16
    came in handy and um I'm quite powerful
  • 00:48:19
    and maybe even feel a little more
  • 00:48:21
    confident than you normally would and
  • 00:48:23
    that's the interpretation element right
  • 00:48:24
    of the situation so two people could be
  • 00:48:26
    in the same situation but have so that
  • 00:48:28
    person still had the same physiological
  • 00:48:32
    reactions a gun in your face or or
  • 00:48:37
    wherever that person's glucose was going
  • 00:48:39
    up their heart rate was going up all of
  • 00:48:42
    those metabolic changes were
  • 00:48:45
    occurring but so that's a success story
  • 00:48:48
    and that's probably a resilient person
  • 00:48:50
    who moves on and never thinks twice
  • 00:48:53
    about that trauma or rarely think thinks
  • 00:48:55
    about it and thinks about it with pride
  • 00:48:57
    if they do think about it in the case
  • 00:49:00
    where it doesn't go well at all let's
  • 00:49:04
    leave the extreme out where the person
  • 00:49:06
    is
  • 00:49:07
    murdered let's leave something less
  • 00:49:10
    severe than that but the person is
  • 00:49:16
    beaten they are injured
  • 00:49:22
    severely they are terrified to go out in
  • 00:49:24
    public
  • 00:49:26
    for fear that there could be another one
  • 00:49:28
    just like that that
  • 00:49:31
    person their fighter flight system is
  • 00:49:35
    not turning
  • 00:49:36
    off their fighter flight system is now
  • 00:49:40
    on at least at a low level possibly a
  • 00:49:44
    very high level for a very prolonged
  • 00:49:47
    period of
  • 00:49:48
    time they are now afraid of the world
  • 00:49:51
    immediately after that type of horrific
  • 00:49:54
    assault they are now afraid of the world
  • 00:49:58
    they probably aren't sleeping as well
  • 00:50:01
    and what's happening physiologically and
  • 00:50:04
    we know this is that those higher
  • 00:50:07
    cortisol levels are actually causing
  • 00:50:10
    something called hyper metabolism their
  • 00:50:13
    mitochondria are actually working on
  • 00:50:17
    overtime because the body is still
  • 00:50:19
    primed for the world is
  • 00:50:22
    unsafe everything is unsafe Maybe that
  • 00:50:25
    person who assaulted me is going to
  • 00:50:27
    somehow figure out where I live and come
  • 00:50:29
    through that door any minute so you're
  • 00:50:31
    sleeping at night and you hear a sound
  • 00:50:34
    or you hear a
  • 00:50:35
    creek and you panic and you wake up and
  • 00:50:38
    you're startled and you're terrified or
  • 00:50:40
    you sleep at night and you have a
  • 00:50:42
    nightmare and you wake up and you're
  • 00:50:44
    reliving that experience and just you're
  • 00:50:46
    horrified and overwhelmed again is it is
  • 00:50:50
    this conscious because you know often
  • 00:50:52
    you speak to people with severe anxiety
  • 00:50:54
    and they have panic attacks and they
  • 00:50:55
    don't know what why they're having panic
  • 00:50:56
    attacks they can't name something that
  • 00:50:58
    they're scared of or a fear they have no
  • 00:51:01
    this is not at all conscious so at this
  • 00:51:04
    point in the week or two after a
  • 00:51:06
    horrific trauma like I've
  • 00:51:08
    described I would argue this is not a
  • 00:51:12
    disorder this is not the brain
  • 00:51:14
    malfunctioning this isn't the body
  • 00:51:16
    malfunctioning the brain and body are
  • 00:51:18
    doing precisely what they are programmed
  • 00:51:20
    to do protect
  • 00:51:22
    you your life is in
  • 00:51:26
    danger why because somebody just tried
  • 00:51:29
    to take it and they were close they came
  • 00:51:32
    close to taking your life they could
  • 00:51:35
    have killed you and so your body and
  • 00:51:38
    brain are trying to protect you
  • 00:51:40
    unfortunately that comes at a
  • 00:51:43
    cost all of this energy going toward the
  • 00:51:46
    defense system means that
  • 00:51:51
    energy that should be going toward
  • 00:51:53
    maintaining your cells
  • 00:51:56
    is actually being bypassed
  • 00:51:59
    sometimes so we know this so for example
  • 00:52:03
    there are these things called stress
  • 00:52:06
    granules where cells that are trying to
  • 00:52:10
    just do basic ho hum everyday repair
  • 00:52:13
    work create some new proteins or new
  • 00:52:17
    receptors or you know do some cleanup
  • 00:52:21
    work the code for those which are called
  • 00:52:24
    messenger RNA
  • 00:52:25
    actually get sequestered in these little
  • 00:52:27
    bubbles called stress
  • 00:52:29
    granules and what that means is that
  • 00:52:31
    they're not getting done the the
  • 00:52:34
    messages are starting from your DNA
  • 00:52:38
    because the cell is saying hey I need
  • 00:52:40
    some repair work over here send some new
  • 00:52:43
    proteins over here to do some repair
  • 00:52:46
    work when your body is in fighter flight
  • 00:52:50
    mode those messages actually get
  • 00:52:53
    interrupted and that means means bottom
  • 00:52:56
    line it means that when you feel
  • 00:52:59
    threatened your body is diverting
  • 00:53:02
    metabolic resources toward your
  • 00:53:04
    self-defense system hypervigilance be
  • 00:53:08
    ready to run at any minute be ready to
  • 00:53:10
    fight off the offender at any minute you
  • 00:53:13
    cannot feel safe don't feel
  • 00:53:16
    safe when that goes on for a prolong
  • 00:53:19
    period of time your cells can fall into
  • 00:53:22
    a state of disrepair because metabolic
  • 00:53:25
    resources are not going towards cell
  • 00:53:28
    maintenance if that occurs long enough
  • 00:53:32
    or in a severe enough way it means that
  • 00:53:36
    some of your cells can now fall into a
  • 00:53:39
    state of
  • 00:53:40
    disrepair and they can begin to
  • 00:53:44
    malfunction when that happens if it's
  • 00:53:47
    happening in brain
  • 00:53:49
    cells that's when I would say the person
  • 00:53:52
    has crossed the line from a normal
  • 00:53:57
    survival reaction to
  • 00:54:00
    trauma if their cells in their brain
  • 00:54:03
    begin to malfunction now because they
  • 00:54:06
    are on a state of
  • 00:54:08
    disrepair they that can turn into what
  • 00:54:11
    we call a mental illness and that means
  • 00:54:14
    that maybe they can't remember like they
  • 00:54:16
    used to it means that maybe and and now
  • 00:54:21
    they're they can't pay attention like
  • 00:54:22
    they used to now somebody might say hey
  • 00:54:25
    maybe you've got some ADHD going on or
  • 00:54:30
    they their anxiety Pathways become
  • 00:54:33
    what's called hyper
  • 00:54:36
    excitable and now their anxiety pathways
  • 00:54:40
    are being triggered even when they
  • 00:54:42
    shouldn't be triggered and out of the
  • 00:54:44
    blue they're having panic attacks or
  • 00:54:47
    anxiety symptoms they can be sitting in
  • 00:54:49
    the comfort of their own home not
  • 00:54:52
    thinking any scary thoughts not having
  • 00:54:56
    any not watching anything on television
  • 00:54:58
    or anything that's really disturbing and
  • 00:55:01
    out of the blue they can just be
  • 00:55:02
    overwhelmed with a panic attack and that
  • 00:55:07
    person I would say if they have a panic
  • 00:55:09
    attack for no reason that person's brain
  • 00:55:11
    is now malfunctioning it is
  • 00:55:15
    disregulated and I would say that that
  • 00:55:18
    person has now crossed over into what I
  • 00:55:21
    would call a mental disorder where their
  • 00:55:24
    brain is in fact malfunctioning
  • 00:55:27
    now the great news the
  • 00:55:30
    hope and we can get to more of it is
  • 00:55:34
    that that those cells can be
  • 00:55:36
    repaired we can fix that we can do
  • 00:55:39
    something about
  • 00:55:41
    that the person does not need to be like
  • 00:55:44
    that
  • 00:55:45
    forever this notion that they now have a
  • 00:55:48
    chemical imbalance that they were
  • 00:55:50
    probably genetically predisposed to and
  • 00:55:53
    now we've got to just medicate them for
  • 00:55:56
    the rest of their
  • 00:55:58
    life I don't agree with that I'm not at
  • 00:56:01
    all opposed to medication if medications
  • 00:56:03
    can be helpful to that person 100% let's
  • 00:56:06
    use them Let's help that person heal and
  • 00:56:10
    recover but I want to go deeper I want
  • 00:56:14
    to understand what is happening in that
  • 00:56:16
    person's brain and body using this kind
  • 00:56:21
    of information about metabolism and
  • 00:56:25
    mitochondria and how can we effectively
  • 00:56:28
    help them heal and repair and and
  • 00:56:32
    recover you know we talk a lot about
  • 00:56:34
    diet and food on this show um as it
  • 00:56:37
    relates to metabolism and mental
  • 00:56:41
    health
  • 00:56:42
    diet so diet is
  • 00:56:46
    huge and most people have no clue that
  • 00:56:50
    diet plays any role in mental illness or
  • 00:56:54
    mental health
  • 00:56:57
    95% of mental health clinicians think
  • 00:57:00
    it's
  • 00:57:01
    laughable that anybody would suggest
  • 00:57:04
    that diet can play a role in mental
  • 00:57:07
    illness I think it's laughable what do
  • 00:57:10
    you think I
  • 00:57:12
    think if you do a deep dive into the
  • 00:57:17
    science all of the science that we have
  • 00:57:19
    accumulated over the last 100 years and
  • 00:57:23
    longer sometimes
  • 00:57:25
    that if you do a deep dive into all of
  • 00:57:27
    those neuroimaging studies that we've
  • 00:57:29
    been doing all of the genetic studies
  • 00:57:31
    we've been doing all of the
  • 00:57:33
    neurotransmitter and hormone studies and
  • 00:57:36
    Trauma studies and adverse childhood
  • 00:57:38
    experiences studies if you do a deep
  • 00:57:41
    dive into the
  • 00:57:43
    science and you understand what is
  • 00:57:46
    happening in the brains and bodies of
  • 00:57:47
    people as a consequence of those things
  • 00:57:51
    or what could be causing those things if
  • 00:57:54
    you put it all together you come to this
  • 00:57:59
    sound bite that mental disorders are
  • 00:58:02
    metabolic in nature and there is
  • 00:58:07
    no questioning whatsoever it is
  • 00:58:10
    incontrovertible that diet plays a
  • 00:58:13
    massive huge role in
  • 00:58:19
    metabolism and therefore I believe very
  • 00:58:23
    strongly that
  • 00:58:25
    diet might be playing a role in the
  • 00:58:28
    mental health epidemic that we are
  • 00:58:31
    seeing and it also might provide an
  • 00:58:35
    Avenue of Hope and healing and
  • 00:58:40
    recovery and I use the word might is the
  • 00:58:43
    scientist in
  • 00:58:45
    me is the clinician in me I know without
  • 00:58:51
    certainty it can heal and recover people
  • 00:58:54
    who have have had chronic horrible
  • 00:58:56
    debilitating mental
  • 00:58:59
    illnesses and I know from my own
  • 00:59:01
    personal
  • 00:59:02
    story when I was in medical school and
  • 00:59:05
    residency I'm still suffering from
  • 00:59:07
    lowgrade depression OCD other symptoms
  • 00:59:11
    but I also developed what's called
  • 00:59:12
    metabolic syndrome I developed high
  • 00:59:15
    blood pressure high
  • 00:59:17
    cholesterol um pre-diabetes and I wasn't
  • 00:59:22
    really overweight I was EX exercising I
  • 00:59:25
    was following a lowfat diet mostly a
  • 00:59:27
    processed foods because they're cheaper
  • 00:59:31
    but that was the diet that was touted as
  • 00:59:34
    a health a healthy diet it was low in
  • 00:59:36
    fat and as long as it was low in fat
  • 00:59:38
    that was supposed to be good for us and
  • 00:59:41
    my metabolic syndrome just kept getting
  • 00:59:43
    worse and worse and so at some
  • 00:59:46
    point in order to treat my metabolic
  • 00:59:49
    syndrome I changed my diet to
  • 00:59:52
    essentially a low carbohydrate diet
  • 00:59:56
    and
  • 00:59:58
    within 3
  • 01:00:00
    months my metabolic syndrome was
  • 01:00:03
    completely
  • 01:00:05
    gone but the thing that just dumbfounded
  • 01:00:10
    me was that my mental
  • 01:00:14
    health was better than it had ever been
  • 01:00:17
    in my entire life and I just couldn't
  • 01:00:21
    believe what I was experiencing I didn't
  • 01:00:23
    know that I could be that kind of a
  • 01:00:25
    person I didn't know that I could be
  • 01:00:27
    happy and positive and energetic and
  • 01:00:31
    confident I had no idea I I didn't think
  • 01:00:34
    that was in
  • 01:00:36
    me and by changing my diet all of those
  • 01:00:39
    things
  • 01:00:40
    happened at the level of the
  • 01:00:42
    mitochondria are you saying do you
  • 01:00:44
    believe that because you changed your
  • 01:00:46
    diet
  • 01:00:47
    to more sort of natural healthier foods
  • 01:00:53
    at the level of the mitochondria the
  • 01:00:55
    mitochondria were able to function more
  • 01:00:57
    more naturally themselves and in a in a
  • 01:00:59
    more um yeah functional way which meant
  • 01:01:03
    that they released the chemicals they
  • 01:01:05
    released in the processes they go
  • 01:01:07
    through were more consistent with
  • 01:01:11
    positive mental health is that like the
  • 01:01:12
    simpleton's way of understanding it and
  • 01:01:15
    before then you talked about man-made
  • 01:01:17
    compounds in the foods Etc I'm assuming
  • 01:01:19
    you're saying that some of the modern
  • 01:01:22
    foods that we eat the ultr processed
  • 01:01:24
    food that have all these random named
  • 01:01:26
    chemicals inside them that we see on the
  • 01:01:27
    labels the mitochondria don't know how
  • 01:01:29
    to deal with that so it's causing the
  • 01:01:31
    same sort of disregulation and
  • 01:01:32
    dysfunction that they might see if we'd
  • 01:01:34
    gone through like an extreme trauma or
  • 01:01:36
    something else or some other adverse
  • 01:01:37
    environmental situation it's just this
  • 01:01:40
    dysfunction of the mitochondria which is
  • 01:01:42
    causing the KnockOn effects we see but
  • 01:01:45
    there's many things that can cause
  • 01:01:46
    dysfunction in the mitochondria and we
  • 01:01:48
    name we went through a bunch of them
  • 01:01:49
    earlier is that like a simple way of
  • 01:01:51
    understanding it 100% okay great it's
  • 01:01:53
    perfect so super
  • 01:01:55
    interesting okay so on that point then
  • 01:01:57
    we have to zoom in on this thing of
  • 01:01:59
    diet if you wanted my mitochondria to be
  • 01:02:03
    perfect and maybe even give me a case
  • 01:02:05
    that of I don't know patients you've
  • 01:02:06
    worked with that you've you you've
  • 01:02:08
    prescribed a certain diet to what diet
  • 01:02:11
    what food would you tell me to eat and
  • 01:02:14
    what would you tell me not to
  • 01:02:15
    eat so I actually don't have a one siiz
  • 01:02:19
    fits all
  • 01:02:22
    prescription and so I to say that up
  • 01:02:25
    front so I would want to know who am I
  • 01:02:28
    working
  • 01:02:29
    with and how is their mental and
  • 01:02:33
    metabolic Health now me so you yeah so I
  • 01:02:37
    would want more details are you having
  • 01:02:40
    symtoms of any mental health condition I
  • 01:02:43
    would say no however I can I can have
  • 01:02:47
    moments where I feel a little bit
  • 01:02:49
    anxious so you know I've been through a
  • 01:02:53
    lot of I'd say like stressful events in
  • 01:02:55
    my life because I was running a big
  • 01:02:56
    business we had hundreds of employees
  • 01:02:58
    paydays all the time so I had this at
  • 01:03:00
    one point I had this constant subtle
  • 01:03:03
    stress and so I would want to know do
  • 01:03:06
    you feel like you have
  • 01:03:08
    anxiety For No Good Reason sometimes
  • 01:03:11
    sometimes it can feel a little bit like
  • 01:03:14
    that um it's very infrequent I'd
  • 01:03:19
    say but I can also have moments where I
  • 01:03:21
    just think of something and then I get
  • 01:03:22
    the same kind of like it's almost like
  • 01:03:24
    the fal FL response has just kicked in
  • 01:03:27
    but you think of something adverse or
  • 01:03:29
    stressful yeah yeah yeah so so the so
  • 01:03:32
    the one thing I would say about
  • 01:03:34
    that
  • 01:03:36
    and we could get into a lot more details
  • 01:03:39
    which we probably don't want to do Now
  • 01:03:42
    podcast but my my strong guess based on
  • 01:03:45
    just what you've said is that that level
  • 01:03:48
    of Stress and
  • 01:03:50
    Anxiety is quote unquote normal okay
  • 01:03:54
    because you you are sensing I have to go
  • 01:03:57
    do something that's really scary right
  • 01:03:59
    now or I have to go do something that's
  • 01:04:02
    going to ruin someone's life or that
  • 01:04:06
    that might threaten My
  • 01:04:09
    Success it is normal and actually
  • 01:04:12
    healthy to have anxiety and stress in
  • 01:04:16
    those
  • 01:04:17
    situations the anxiety and stress can
  • 01:04:20
    sometimes be quite helpful and adaptive
  • 01:04:23
    because it can make you pause and
  • 01:04:26
    reflect on is this really what I want to
  • 01:04:28
    do as opposed to being overly confident
  • 01:04:31
    and just
  • 01:04:32
    [Music]
  • 01:04:34
    proceeding your own personal history
  • 01:04:38
    almost certainly informs your level of
  • 01:04:41
    stress
  • 01:04:42
    response and again so if you go back to
  • 01:04:45
    your own
  • 01:04:47
    traumas you're going to remember when
  • 01:04:49
    I'm facing a situation like this it's
  • 01:04:51
    helpful to be on hyper alert it's
  • 01:04:54
    helpful to be
  • 01:04:56
    hypervigilant and your body and brain
  • 01:04:59
    will remember that helped you navigate
  • 01:05:02
    this safely and effectively but if I
  • 01:05:05
    have that profile if I have that sort of
  • 01:05:07
    mental health profile now as I sit here
  • 01:05:09
    and then for the next decade I
  • 01:05:12
    ate processed junk
  • 01:05:15
    food am I going to send my mitochondria
  • 01:05:18
    into disarray which is going to increase
  • 01:05:20
    the probability that I have a mental
  • 01:05:22
    health disorder yes I think yes we've
  • 01:05:26
    got you know we there's no way we will
  • 01:05:29
    ever be able to do a human randomized
  • 01:05:31
    controlled trial to test that precise
  • 01:05:34
    unethical
  • 01:05:35
    hypothesis but we have large
  • 01:05:37
    epidemiological studies that strongly
  • 01:05:40
    suggest that people who eat a lot of
  • 01:05:43
    ultra processed food have
  • 01:05:46
    higher risk for developing depression
  • 01:05:50
    anxiety and other mental
  • 01:05:52
    disorders and based on the science the
  • 01:05:56
    granular
  • 01:05:58
    science based on animal models so we can
  • 01:06:02
    do that to mice and rats and in fact
  • 01:06:04
    that's exactly what we see in mice and
  • 01:06:07
    rats we feed them an obesogenic
  • 01:06:12
    diet which is usually high in fat high
  • 01:06:15
    in
  • 01:06:16
    carbohydrates Ultra processed foods some
  • 01:06:19
    researchers have C fed rats and mice
  • 01:06:23
    cafeteria Di diets where they feed them
  • 01:06:25
    a lot of delicious junk food and those
  • 01:06:28
    mice develop higher rates of obesity but
  • 01:06:33
    also higher rates of diabetes and
  • 01:06:37
    pre-diabetes and oh by the way also
  • 01:06:40
    higher rates of depression and anxiety
  • 01:06:44
    because those are the two things that we
  • 01:06:45
    can kind of measure in M rats we can't
  • 01:06:48
    necessarily measure ADHD symptoms it's
  • 01:06:51
    really hard to actually measure
  • 01:06:53
    psychotic symptoms
  • 01:06:55
    um but we can measure depression and
  • 01:06:57
    anxiety symptoms pretty well in animals
  • 01:06:59
    and so in animal models we know that
  • 01:07:01
    that's unequivocally
  • 01:07:02
    true and we see the same in humans
  • 01:07:04
    though because I was reading your book
  • 01:07:05
    and in chapter 4 you say people with
  • 01:07:07
    ADHD are more likely to develop obesity
  • 01:07:09
    people are who are obese are 50% more
  • 01:07:12
    likely to develop bipolar and 25% more
  • 01:07:14
    likely to develop anxiety or depression
  • 01:07:16
    and weight gain around the time of
  • 01:07:18
    puberty leads to a
  • 01:07:19
    400% increase in the chance of
  • 01:07:21
    depression by the age of 24
  • 01:07:24
    yes and insulin resistance at age
  • 01:07:29
    nine makes increases your chances of
  • 01:07:32
    developing a psychotic at risk mental
  • 01:07:35
    state which is like meaning you're at
  • 01:07:37
    high risk for developing schizophrenia
  • 01:07:39
    or bipolar disorder 500% and
  • 01:07:42
    Alzheimer's all mental disorders are
  • 01:07:45
    associated with an increased risk of
  • 01:07:48
    Alzheimer's disease anywhere from the
  • 01:07:51
    lowest is 50% increase risk and the
  • 01:07:55
    highest is 2,000% increased risk and the
  • 01:07:59
    thread that unites all of these problems
  • 01:08:01
    is metabolism
  • 01:08:04
    metabolism and at the end of the day you
  • 01:08:08
    have to talk about mitochondria in order
  • 01:08:10
    to understand
  • 01:08:12
    metabolism um only 7% of
  • 01:08:17
    US
  • 01:08:18
    citizens have no signs of metabolic
  • 01:08:22
    health problem
  • 01:08:25
    meaning
  • 01:08:27
    93% or so of us residents will have at
  • 01:08:31
    least one of the biomarkers of metabolic
  • 01:08:35
    syndrome meaning they have pre-diabetes
  • 01:08:39
    or abnormal lipids or high blood
  • 01:08:42
    pressure or abdominal obesity or
  • 01:08:46
    abdominal fat excessive abdominal fat so
  • 01:08:49
    what do we offer those
  • 01:08:51
    93% so those people
  • 01:08:54
    diet interventions would absolutely be a
  • 01:08:58
    part of a healing
  • 01:09:00
    strategy a part of it not the only
  • 01:09:03
    strategy I would want to know about
  • 01:09:05
    their sleep I would want to know about
  • 01:09:07
    substance use I would want to know about
  • 01:09:09
    medications lots of things but for
  • 01:09:12
    dietary interventions I would want to
  • 01:09:14
    meet them where they're at and just find
  • 01:09:16
    out well where are you at what are you
  • 01:09:18
    eating do you have preferences or
  • 01:09:22
    demands for what your diet should be
  • 01:09:25
    could you give me a case study then
  • 01:09:27
    maybe a more extreme case study from
  • 01:09:28
    your practice that you've
  • 01:09:31
    seen I could I can give you the simple
  • 01:09:35
    cases
  • 01:09:38
    where which probably apply to the
  • 01:09:41
    majority of human beings on the
  • 01:09:44
    planet but if it's okay I'd rather give
  • 01:09:47
    you the extreme
  • 01:09:49
    case because a lot of people are
  • 01:09:51
    skeptical they they probably hear me
  • 01:09:53
    saying this and they think well you're
  • 01:09:54
    just talking about General Health and
  • 01:09:57
    Wellness what about people with real
  • 01:09:59
    mental illness what about people like
  • 01:10:02
    your mother whose lives were decimated
  • 01:10:04
    by mental illness this doesn't have
  • 01:10:06
    anything to do with
  • 01:10:08
    them and what I'm here to say is no
  • 01:10:11
    actually this has everything to do with
  • 01:10:13
    them
  • 01:10:14
    too but yes it applies to just common
  • 01:10:17
    everyday people
  • 01:10:19
    but you know probably so one story
  • 01:10:25
    that I will just share to just because
  • 01:10:27
    it's probably one of the most powerful
  • 01:10:29
    stories I know it was a
  • 01:10:34
    woman whose real name was
  • 01:10:36
    Doris and um in the book I called her
  • 01:10:39
    Mildred because I changed everybody's
  • 01:10:41
    names but she actually gave me
  • 01:10:43
    permission to use her real name so in
  • 01:10:45
    honor of her I want to use her real
  • 01:10:47
    name so she was a woman who actually had
  • 01:10:50
    a horrible abuse of childhood lots of
  • 01:10:53
    trauma
  • 01:10:54
    and by the time she turned 17 she
  • 01:10:57
    started having daily hallucinations and
  • 01:10:59
    delusions and was diagnosed with
  • 01:11:03
    schizophrenia over the ensuing
  • 01:11:05
    decades she tried numerous antipsychotic
  • 01:11:09
    mood
  • 01:11:11
    stabilizers um anti-depressants and
  • 01:11:14
    other medicines but none of them stopped
  • 01:11:17
    her symptoms she remained with all of
  • 01:11:20
    the symptoms of
  • 01:11:21
    schizophrenia she ended up gaining a
  • 01:11:23
    massive amount of
  • 01:11:25
    weight she ended up weighing about 330
  • 01:11:29
    lb by the time she was
  • 01:11:33
    70 her life was devastated by this
  • 01:11:37
    diagnosis she had a cour appointed
  • 01:11:40
    Guardian to manage her financial affairs
  • 01:11:43
    and other Affairs she had professionals
  • 01:11:45
    coming into her home to help her with
  • 01:11:47
    paying bills and grocery shopping and
  • 01:11:49
    stuff like that because she couldn't do
  • 01:11:50
    it for herself which is not at all unus
  • 01:11:53
    usual for people with schizophrenia and
  • 01:11:56
    between the ages of 68 and
  • 01:11:58
    70 she tried to kill herself at least
  • 01:12:01
    six times and was hospitalized for those
  • 01:12:04
    suicide attempts she hated herself and
  • 01:12:07
    she hated her
  • 01:12:08
    life when she was 70 years old her
  • 01:12:12
    doctor told her you're overweight and
  • 01:12:14
    you need to go lose some weight and she
  • 01:12:17
    was she was referred to a weight loss
  • 01:12:20
    clinic at Duke University where they
  • 01:12:22
    just so happened to be using the
  • 01:12:24
    ketogenic diet as a dietary inter as a
  • 01:12:27
    weight loss
  • 01:12:29
    tool and for whatever reason she decided
  • 01:12:31
    to give it a try and so she tries the
  • 01:12:33
    ketogenic
  • 01:12:36
    diet and within two weeks not only does
  • 01:12:39
    she start losing weight but she notices
  • 01:12:41
    dramatic reduction in her hallucinations
  • 01:12:45
    and
  • 01:12:46
    delusions within months all of her
  • 01:12:49
    symptoms of schizophrenia were in full
  • 01:12:51
    and complete remission
  • 01:12:54
    she starts tapering off her psychiatric
  • 01:12:56
    meds within about six months she was off
  • 01:13:00
    all of her psychiatric meds and her
  • 01:13:02
    symptoms of schizophrenia remained in
  • 01:13:05
    [Music]
  • 01:13:06
    remission Doris went on to live for
  • 01:13:09
    another 15
  • 01:13:11
    years symptom free medication
  • 01:13:15
    free out of psychiatric hospitals no
  • 01:13:19
    more suicide attempts she stopped saying
  • 01:13:23
    mental health professionals pretty
  • 01:13:24
    quickly because they were kind of
  • 01:13:26
    worthless in their mind they hadn't
  • 01:13:28
    really helped all that
  • 01:13:30
    much she lost 150 lbs and kept it off
  • 01:13:35
    until the day she died she ended up
  • 01:13:38
    dying at the age of 85 of Co
  • 01:13:42
    pneumonia and
  • 01:13:44
    um but her
  • 01:13:48
    story tells
  • 01:13:50
    us like we could get if if you want we
  • 01:13:53
    don't have to we could get into the
  • 01:13:55
    science of the ketogenic diet and what
  • 01:13:57
    it's doing to metabolism and
  • 01:13:58
    mitochondria I love to know but there's
  • 01:14:00
    an entire story that helps us understand
  • 01:14:02
    what happened to her and how
  • 01:14:05
    exactly that resulted in her really
  • 01:14:09
    spectacular and almost miraculous
  • 01:14:12
    recovery so so unbeknownst to most
  • 01:14:15
    people most people know that ketogenic
  • 01:14:17
    diet is a fad diet and a lot of people
  • 01:14:19
    are really worried about it they they've
  • 01:14:21
    heard that it's dangerous you know it'll
  • 01:14:23
    give you a heart attack you'll
  • 01:14:25
    die unbeknownst to most people the
  • 01:14:28
    ketogenic diet was developed over a
  • 01:14:30
    hundred years ago now by a physician for
  • 01:14:32
    one and only one purpose it was
  • 01:14:35
    developed to stop
  • 01:14:38
    seizures and in fact the ketogenic diet
  • 01:14:41
    has been studied
  • 01:14:43
    extensively for its effects on the brain
  • 01:14:47
    over the past 100 years and it is an
  • 01:14:50
    evidence-based
  • 01:14:52
    treatment for
  • 01:14:54
    epilepsy and the reason that is so
  • 01:14:57
    important is
  • 01:14:59
    because we use epilepsy treatments in
  • 01:15:02
    Psychiatry all the time lots of the
  • 01:15:04
    medications that we prescribe to
  • 01:15:06
    psychiatric patients are in fact
  • 01:15:07
    epilepsy
  • 01:15:09
    treatments and so we know that there's a
  • 01:15:11
    lot of overlap between epilepsy and
  • 01:15:13
    mental illness and that treatments that
  • 01:15:16
    help with epilepsy can also help with
  • 01:15:19
    mental
  • 01:15:20
    illness and so we actually know more
  • 01:15:25
    about the biology of the ketogenic diet
  • 01:15:27
    and its effects on the brain than we do
  • 01:15:28
    any other dietary
  • 01:15:30
    intervention it changes neurotransmitter
  • 01:15:32
    systems it decreases brain inflammation
  • 01:15:36
    it changes the gut microbiome in
  • 01:15:38
    beneficial ways it actually changes gene
  • 01:15:41
    expression or
  • 01:15:43
    epigenetics but most important and
  • 01:15:45
    relevant to my theory is it improves
  • 01:15:48
    mitochondria and mitochondrial
  • 01:15:52
    function and and if you do it long
  • 01:15:55
    enough over a long enough period of time
  • 01:15:58
    you can actually
  • 01:16:00
    repair mitochondrial dysfunction in
  • 01:16:03
    cells at least for some
  • 01:16:05
    people and and then you can actually
  • 01:16:09
    stop the diet so in the epilepsy world
  • 01:16:12
    when neurologists use this diet to stop
  • 01:16:14
    seizures it's usually not a lifetime
  • 01:16:17
    treatment they usually only need to do
  • 01:16:19
    the diet for anywhere from two to 5
  • 01:16:22
    years
  • 01:16:23
    many people about a third of people who
  • 01:16:26
    have treatment resistant seizures will
  • 01:16:27
    become
  • 01:16:28
    seizure-free and another third so 2/3
  • 01:16:32
    total another third will have a dramatic
  • 01:16:34
    reduction in seizure
  • 01:16:36
    frequency so that leaves a third for
  • 01:16:38
    whom it's not really working but these
  • 01:16:40
    are people with treatment resistant
  • 01:16:42
    epilepsy and there's no treatment that's
  • 01:16:44
    going to work for everybody because we
  • 01:16:46
    need to look at all the other things
  • 01:16:48
    involved if say somebody has seizure
  • 01:16:52
    sensation they get rid of their seizures
  • 01:16:54
    on a ketogenic diet usually they have to
  • 01:16:56
    do it for two to five years somewhere in
  • 01:16:58
    there and their clinician will help them
  • 01:17:00
    decide how long they should do it and
  • 01:17:03
    then they can stop the diet and most
  • 01:17:07
    often the seizures don't come back it
  • 01:17:10
    seems to actually heal the brain what is
  • 01:17:13
    that diet adding or subtracting from the
  • 01:17:16
    body that's causing that pretty
  • 01:17:17
    phenomenal effect do people know the
  • 01:17:20
    real answer is we don't entirely
  • 01:17:23
    understand we don't know I mean the
  • 01:17:25
    ketogenic diet removes sugar for example
  • 01:17:29
    it
  • 01:17:30
    does um pretty much EX entirely I mean
  • 01:17:33
    I've been on that diet for about was on
  • 01:17:35
    the diet for about eight weeks or so
  • 01:17:37
    just a
  • 01:17:38
    try and I could I couldn't have anything
  • 01:17:40
    with sugar in it pretty much no sugar no
  • 01:17:43
    carbohydrates very few
  • 01:17:45
    carbohydrates
  • 01:17:47
    the so some people will argue well the
  • 01:17:50
    diet is getting rid of gluten and gluten
  • 01:17:52
    is is maybe the toxic thing other people
  • 01:17:55
    will argue oh the diet is adding like
  • 01:17:57
    some extra protein or meat and maybe
  • 01:18:01
    that's replacing a nutrient deficiency
  • 01:18:03
    like vitamin B12 deficiency or something
  • 01:18:06
    like that or iron deficiency and all of
  • 01:18:09
    those things might be true for some
  • 01:18:13
    people I don't think those are the
  • 01:18:15
    primary
  • 01:18:17
    explanation I mean obviously if somebody
  • 01:18:19
    has vitamin B12 deficiency replacing
  • 01:18:21
    vitamin B12 is essential somebody has
  • 01:18:23
    iron deficiency yes recognizing that and
  • 01:18:26
    replacing it but most people don't have
  • 01:18:30
    those deficiencies and they can still
  • 01:18:32
    have mental symptoms or mental health
  • 01:18:34
    problems I believe what the diet is
  • 01:18:36
    doing is it it forces a transition in
  • 01:18:40
    brain and body metabolism essentially
  • 01:18:44
    and that act that transition is actually
  • 01:18:46
    mediated through mitochondria so the
  • 01:18:49
    ketogenic diet forces your liver to
  • 01:18:52
    start producing Ketone bodies so it
  • 01:18:54
    forces your liver to break down fat so
  • 01:18:57
    you're you're losing fat from your fat
  • 01:18:59
    stores but that fat is being shuttled to
  • 01:19:03
    the liver and then the liver takes that
  • 01:19:05
    fat and breaks it down um and I mean I
  • 01:19:10
    shouldn't say all of the fat is being
  • 01:19:12
    shuttled to the liver some of the fat is
  • 01:19:13
    going to muscles and other tissues and
  • 01:19:15
    just being used
  • 01:19:16
    directly but a fair amount of the fat is
  • 01:19:19
    actually being shuttled to the liver and
  • 01:19:21
    then that fat is being converted into
  • 01:19:24
    Ketone bodies some of it is being
  • 01:19:27
    converted into glucose so that you
  • 01:19:29
    maintain normal glucose levels through
  • 01:19:31
    this those Ketone bodies are then going
  • 01:19:34
    up to the brain and fueling brain cells
  • 01:19:38
    but those Ketone bodies are actually
  • 01:19:39
    doing so much more they're they're
  • 01:19:41
    changing mitochondrial function they're
  • 01:19:44
    changing epigenetics they're changing
  • 01:19:46
    neurotransmitters and inflammation and
  • 01:19:48
    all sorts of things but at the end of
  • 01:19:51
    the day I'm convinced that it's really
  • 01:19:54
    the metabolic changes and the
  • 01:19:56
    mitochondrial changes that are
  • 01:19:59
    so important and that are so
  • 01:20:02
    instrumental in these dramatic
  • 01:20:04
    improvements and things like stopping
  • 01:20:06
    seizures or stopping hallucinations and
  • 01:20:09
    delusions what about F fasting there's
  • 01:20:11
    been a lot of talk especially recently
  • 01:20:13
    about fasting and the impact that that
  • 01:20:14
    can have on our mental health do you
  • 01:20:17
    think
  • 01:20:18
    fasting is a positive for our mental
  • 01:20:21
    health I so it depends on the person
  • 01:20:24
    okay and so the ketogenic diet actually
  • 01:20:28
    mimics the fasting State that's what
  • 01:20:30
    that's why it was produced all right the
  • 01:20:32
    ketogenic diet was actually developed by
  • 01:20:34
    a
  • 01:20:36
    physician recognizing that fasting can
  • 01:20:39
    have really powerful brain effects
  • 01:20:41
    including stopping seizures if you if
  • 01:20:43
    you're out on an island and Your Friends
  • 01:20:45
    start seizing uncontrollably the best
  • 01:20:48
    thing to do is to fast them even if the
  • 01:20:50
    seizures stop intermittently you would
  • 01:20:53
    think oh let's feed you to you know keep
  • 01:20:56
    up your sustenance and you know take
  • 01:20:58
    care of you the best thing to do for
  • 01:21:00
    your friend if they are seizing
  • 01:21:03
    repetitively over days or months the
  • 01:21:07
    best thing to do is to fast your friend
  • 01:21:10
    and to tell them let's have you go
  • 01:21:12
    without food for a few days and that can
  • 01:21:15
    stop the seizures wow the the challenge
  • 01:21:18
    with fasting is that you could starve to
  • 01:21:20
    death if you do it long that's not a
  • 01:21:23
    that's not a very good treatment for
  • 01:21:25
    your friend on the island and this
  • 01:21:27
    physician who developed the ketogenic
  • 01:21:29
    diet recognized that and so that's why
  • 01:21:32
    he developed the ketogenic diet was
  • 01:21:35
    really looking to see can we mimic the
  • 01:21:38
    fasting state with a
  • 01:21:40
    diet and um and get these longer term
  • 01:21:44
    benefits so back to your question can
  • 01:21:46
    fasting play a role 100% yes fasting can
  • 01:21:49
    play a
  • 01:21:51
    role and fasting is doing pretty much
  • 01:21:54
    the same thing that the ketogenic diet
  • 01:21:55
    is doing it's changing mitochondrial
  • 01:21:57
    biology it's improving mitochondrial
  • 01:22:00
    function changing neurotransmitters
  • 01:22:02
    changing the gut microbiome improving
  • 01:22:04
    insulin signaling and insulin resistance
  • 01:22:07
    it's doing all sorts of beneficial
  • 01:22:09
    things there are a couple of caveats
  • 01:22:12
    with fasting though one is that people
  • 01:22:16
    who are underweight should not fast so
  • 01:22:20
    that includes people with eating
  • 01:22:22
    disorder ERS who are emaciated or
  • 01:22:25
    underweight but it also includes people
  • 01:22:27
    like who have had severe
  • 01:22:29
    depression and lost weight as a result
  • 01:22:32
    of their severe depression or people
  • 01:22:34
    with cancer who have lost a significant
  • 01:22:36
    amount of
  • 01:22:38
    weight fasting is not good for them
  • 01:22:41
    fasting mimicking diets like ketogenic
  • 01:22:44
    diets May in fact be very powerful for
  • 01:22:46
    those people but it but they it needs to
  • 01:22:49
    be done in a safe supervised Medical Way
  • 01:22:52
    sugar what impact does that have on the
  • 01:22:54
    mitochondria if I've got a super high
  • 01:22:56
    sugar diet is that impacting my
  • 01:22:58
    mitochondria in some way and therefore
  • 01:23:00
    my metabolism it is um so
  • 01:23:05
    low low intake of
  • 01:23:08
    sugar in people who are otherwise
  • 01:23:11
    healthy is perfectly fine and
  • 01:23:14
    acceptable so you
  • 01:23:16
    know lots of people can
  • 01:23:19
    consume treats every now and then or
  • 01:23:22
    desserts a few times a week or you know
  • 01:23:26
    special holiday they can maybe even
  • 01:23:28
    binge on sugar over the
  • 01:23:31
    holidays and they don't have any
  • 01:23:33
    problems as a result of it and that is
  • 01:23:36
    fine if that's the way it's working out
  • 01:23:40
    again only 7% of the
  • 01:23:42
    population is metabolically healthy so
  • 01:23:46
    the majority of people that's not the
  • 01:23:48
    way it's working out so high levels of
  • 01:23:51
    sugar over
  • 01:23:54
    time we
  • 01:23:56
    know can impair mitochondrial function
  • 01:24:01
    so there's this term called oxidative
  • 01:24:04
    stress and oxidative stress is primarily
  • 01:24:08
    it's directly related to mitochondria
  • 01:24:10
    because mitochondria are producing the
  • 01:24:13
    energy and then that energy production
  • 01:24:16
    results in oxidative stress and and
  • 01:24:19
    oxidative stress we've known for decades
  • 01:24:22
    is bad for
  • 01:24:23
    cells and it is highly correlated with
  • 01:24:27
    all of the metabolic disorders and all
  • 01:24:29
    of the mental disorders high levels of
  • 01:24:31
    oxidative stress at in different cells
  • 01:24:33
    and different people with different
  • 01:24:35
    diagnoses high levels of oxidative
  • 01:24:38
    stress are a unifying theme but that is
  • 01:24:41
    a reflection of mitochondrial
  • 01:24:42
    dysfunction so we know that if you eat
  • 01:24:45
    if you eat a lot of sugar over
  • 01:24:47
    time it can
  • 01:24:49
    disregulated glucose levels and then
  • 01:24:52
    those high glucose levels can cause
  • 01:24:55
    mitochondrial dysfunction and you can
  • 01:24:58
    end up kind of on the downward spiral
  • 01:25:01
    what about caffeine and these stimulants
  • 01:25:04
    there's like pre-workout stimulants and
  • 01:25:06
    you know before you do a workout you
  • 01:25:07
    have a big dose of this pre-workout and
  • 01:25:09
    it kind of makes you go like you
  • 01:25:12
    know do you have a view on caffeine in
  • 01:25:14
    these sort of energy
  • 01:25:17
    stimulants I do so so so caffeine gets
  • 01:25:21
    complicated because we have to talk
  • 01:25:22
    about whether it's in tea or coffee or
  • 01:25:24
    not cuz tea and coffee are are different
  • 01:25:28
    stories and they have other compounds
  • 01:25:30
    that almost certainly are beneficial to
  • 01:25:33
    human health um and whether it's the
  • 01:25:36
    caffeine itself or not is still kind of
  • 01:25:39
    a question an open
  • 01:25:41
    question caffeine stimulates metabolism
  • 01:25:45
    in cells we know that so it it blocks
  • 01:25:50
    the adenosine recept
  • 01:25:52
    ctor and the adenosine recept the
  • 01:25:55
    function of the adenosine receptor and
  • 01:25:57
    adenosine on it is to slow a cell down
  • 01:26:01
    it's basically a a feedback loop that
  • 01:26:03
    slows cells down it it inhibits their
  • 01:26:06
    function so when we block a Denine we
  • 01:26:09
    basically stimulate the system and we
  • 01:26:12
    stimulate our
  • 01:26:14
    brains and if you have low
  • 01:26:18
    metabolic brain function that can
  • 01:26:21
    actually be really good if you are
  • 01:26:24
    feeling tired and sluggish it can make
  • 01:26:28
    you feel energized and clear
  • 01:26:32
    thinking the challenge is that you can
  • 01:26:34
    overdo it so when you stimulate it too
  • 01:26:39
    fast that in and of itself can end up
  • 01:26:42
    causing oxidative stress or
  • 01:26:44
    mitochondrial
  • 01:26:46
    dysfunction maybe the easiest way to
  • 01:26:48
    think about it is this if you think
  • 01:26:50
    about a car you have a an accelerator
  • 01:26:54
    and a
  • 01:26:56
    break if you're going to maximize the
  • 01:26:59
    cars
  • 01:27:01
    function there's a right balance for all
  • 01:27:04
    of
  • 01:27:06
    that you don't want to floor the
  • 01:27:08
    accelerator and you don't want to
  • 01:27:10
    underdo the accelerator likewise you
  • 01:27:13
    want to determine like you don't want to
  • 01:27:15
    be pushing on the accelerator and The
  • 01:27:16
    Brak at the same time so when we think
  • 01:27:20
    about metabolism and mitochondria when
  • 01:27:22
    we think about caffeine or even
  • 01:27:26
    glucose caffeine and glucose are
  • 01:27:29
    stimulating the system they are through
  • 01:27:33
    different mechanisms but they are both
  • 01:27:35
    stimulating energy
  • 01:27:37
    production but when you overdo it it
  • 01:27:39
    would be like flooring the
  • 01:27:43
    accelerator and then possibly putting on
  • 01:27:46
    the break at the same time because you
  • 01:27:48
    don't want to be going that fast because
  • 01:27:50
    you're going to crash so either you're
  • 01:27:52
    going to floor the accelerator crash and
  • 01:27:54
    burn or you're going to floor the
  • 01:27:56
    accelerator and slam on the brake at the
  • 01:27:58
    same time you're not serving your car
  • 01:28:01
    well by doing that by flooring the
  • 01:28:05
    accelerator and pushing on the brake and
  • 01:28:07
    when we use
  • 01:28:09
    substances like caffeine or alcohol or
  • 01:28:13
    marijuana which are all working at the
  • 01:28:16
    level of metabolism and mitochondria
  • 01:28:18
    when we use those substances in essence
  • 01:28:21
    we're using accelerators or brakes for
  • 01:28:25
    cells and we can overshoot or undershoot
  • 01:28:29
    so it's not that I'm against the use of
  • 01:28:31
    those things if you use reasonable small
  • 01:28:35
    to moderate amounts of those on a
  • 01:28:38
    regular basis I'm all for it so I drink
  • 01:28:41
    coffee every day every morning to
  • 01:28:44
    disclose my
  • 01:28:46
    bias to disclose my bias I drink coffee
  • 01:28:50
    every morning um about two cups of
  • 01:28:52
    coffee every morning but that's my
  • 01:28:54
    routine I don't go beyond that I don't
  • 01:28:56
    drink coffee in the afternoon um when I
  • 01:28:59
    do drink coffee in the afternoon I
  • 01:29:02
    notice it starts to interfere with my
  • 01:29:04
    sleep and then that throws me off I have
  • 01:29:06
    to ask you as well I've had so many
  • 01:29:08
    parents messag me about autism and ADHD
  • 01:29:11
    so many you know I've had so many
  • 01:29:14
    concerned parents message me
  • 01:29:15
    specifically on Instagram saying please
  • 01:29:18
    Steve you know I've had a child
  • 01:29:20
    diagnosed with um ISM they're trying to
  • 01:29:23
    understand it they're trying to get good
  • 01:29:24
    information on it you've used the word
  • 01:29:26
    autism and ADHD as we've been speaking
  • 01:29:28
    about metabolism what is the link in
  • 01:29:31
    your view everything the link is
  • 01:29:34
    everything so the really the
  • 01:29:36
    mitochondrial theory of autism actually
  • 01:29:39
    was first proposed in
  • 01:29:41
    1985 and since then we have had an
  • 01:29:44
    explosion of research linking
  • 01:29:46
    mitochondria and mitochondrial
  • 01:29:48
    dysfunction to autism
  • 01:29:50
    specifically as I've mentioned to you
  • 01:29:53
    the rates of autism have gone through
  • 01:29:55
    the roof in the United States they've
  • 01:29:57
    quadrupled in the last 20 years and
  • 01:30:00
    people think well what does that have to
  • 01:30:03
    do with diet those kids haven't eaten a
  • 01:30:05
    diet yet well their parents have and let
  • 01:30:09
    me share a couple of Statistics so
  • 01:30:12
    people are scratching their heads
  • 01:30:14
    where's all this autism coming from I
  • 01:30:16
    thought autism was
  • 01:30:18
    genetic and if autism is genetic it
  • 01:30:20
    shouldn't quadruple in 20
  • 01:30:24
    years quadrupling in 20 years means
  • 01:30:27
    something in the environment is causing
  • 01:30:29
    it and to to provide just
  • 01:30:32
    one piece of evidence to support what
  • 01:30:36
    I'm saying if a
  • 01:30:39
    woman has
  • 01:30:42
    obesity she has doubled the risk of
  • 01:30:45
    having an autistic
  • 01:30:48
    child if a woman has diabetes she has
  • 01:30:53
    double the risk of having an autistic
  • 01:30:56
    child if a woman has both obesity and
  • 01:31:01
    diabetes she has quadruple the risk of
  • 01:31:06
    having an autistic
  • 01:31:08
    child if a man is
  • 01:31:11
    obese he has double the risk of having
  • 01:31:15
    an autistic
  • 01:31:17
    child so people are scratching their
  • 01:31:19
    heads trying to figure out where is all
  • 01:31:21
    this a ISM coming from well look around
  • 01:31:24
    in the
  • 01:31:25
    population are the rates of obesity
  • 01:31:27
    going up are the rates of diabetes going
  • 01:31:30
    up the answer is unequivocally
  • 01:31:35
    yes and that is a reflection it's not
  • 01:31:40
    about fat shaming I don't want anybody
  • 01:31:42
    to hear that and wag their finger at fat
  • 01:31:46
    people and say oh you're causing autism
  • 01:31:48
    because you're overeating it's not that
  • 01:31:51
    simple that's not the way it
  • 01:31:53
    goes people with obesity have a
  • 01:31:56
    metabolic or mitochondrial problem that
  • 01:31:59
    is why they have
  • 01:32:01
    obesity now that might be caused by the
  • 01:32:03
    foods they're
  • 01:32:05
    eating but they don't know any better
  • 01:32:07
    usually they think it's just about
  • 01:32:09
    calories and what I'm here to say is no
  • 01:32:12
    there's more to food than just calories
  • 01:32:14
    it might be those chemicals in the food
  • 01:32:16
    that you're eating or something else or
  • 01:32:18
    it might be chemicals in our environment
  • 01:32:22
    it might be
  • 01:32:23
    pesticides or microplastics the forever
  • 01:32:27
    chemicals that are becoming more and
  • 01:32:28
    more ubiquitous all of these things
  • 01:32:31
    disrupt metabolism and mitochondrial
  • 01:32:34
    function and so when I talk about
  • 01:32:38
    obesity and
  • 01:32:39
    diabetes increasing risk for autism it's
  • 01:32:44
    not about fat shaming it's about
  • 01:32:46
    understanding it's about understanding
  • 01:32:48
    that the parents have a metabolic
  • 01:32:51
    problem already that means that they
  • 01:32:53
    have a problem in their cells with their
  • 01:32:57
    mitochondria and they then pass those on
  • 01:33:00
    to their children and in some
  • 01:33:04
    cases it may not show itself immediately
  • 01:33:08
    as obesity or diabetes it might show
  • 01:33:10
    itself as a brain
  • 01:33:12
    condition because lots of other things
  • 01:33:16
    can play a
  • 01:33:17
    role and if an obese woman for instance
  • 01:33:20
    also has an infection during
  • 01:33:23
    pregnancy that's going to increase her
  • 01:33:25
    risk for having an autistic child even
  • 01:33:28
    more so she couldn't help whether she
  • 01:33:30
    got an infection or
  • 01:33:32
    not tragically we just had an
  • 01:33:36
    epidemic called
  • 01:33:38
    covid and the early signs are telling
  • 01:33:42
    us that in fact neurodevelopmental
  • 01:33:45
    disorders are going to increase as a
  • 01:33:47
    result of that we already had a
  • 01:33:50
    quadrupling of the rates of autism we
  • 01:33:53
    are likely to see
  • 01:33:56
    even worse statistics going
  • 01:34:01
    forward the
  • 01:34:04
    hope is that if we understand that
  • 01:34:08
    science we can do something about it now
  • 01:34:12
    today if you understand if you see signs
  • 01:34:15
    of autism in your child if you s see
  • 01:34:19
    signs of metabolic or mental health
  • 01:34:22
    conditions in your children if we
  • 01:34:25
    intervene early enough we can probably
  • 01:34:27
    do something about it
  • 01:34:30
    how number one by
  • 01:34:33
    recognizing the problem and then two for
  • 01:34:37
    some people it could be as simple as
  • 01:34:39
    dietary
  • 01:34:40
    interventions or just hyperfocusing on
  • 01:34:45
    good clean living so that means
  • 01:34:48
    prioritizing sleep little less screen
  • 01:34:51
    time
  • 01:34:52
    little more human contact purpose and
  • 01:34:55
    life you know family connection no
  • 01:34:58
    alcohol no alcohol no marijuana no
  • 01:35:02
    CBD try to avoid pills try to avoid
  • 01:35:06
    pills for everything that ails you if
  • 01:35:08
    your child's
  • 01:35:09
    sleeping please try methods other than
  • 01:35:13
    pills including melatonin and
  • 01:35:14
    over-the-counter pills don't just whip
  • 01:35:17
    out a pill for your child not being able
  • 01:35:20
    to sleep at least try some other
  • 01:35:23
    interventions like let's get you off the
  • 01:35:25
    screen two hours before bed let's
  • 01:35:28
    develop a routine in our household that
  • 01:35:31
    we're all going to wind down we're all
  • 01:35:33
    going to turn off the electronics maybe
  • 01:35:35
    I'm going to read you a bedtime story or
  • 01:35:38
    we're going to play a game or we're
  • 01:35:40
    going to do something really boring that
  • 01:35:42
    everybody's going to say this is so
  • 01:35:44
    boring I'm getting sleepy and I'm going
  • 01:35:47
    to say great you're it's so boring that
  • 01:35:50
    you're getting sleepy that means you're
  • 01:35:51
    going to go to sleep because it's
  • 01:35:54
    bedtime want to talk to you about our
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    uncomparable and you'll know if you
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    follow me on LinkedIn how prolific I am
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    on LinkedIn LinkedIn to me is actually
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    get started now the link is in the
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    description below if you listen to this
  • 01:36:55
    podcast frequently there's something I
  • 01:36:56
    talk about very often and that is the
  • 01:36:58
    subject of sleep and so I dug down a
  • 01:37:01
    pretty deep sleep Rabbit Hole to figure
  • 01:37:03
    out how I could sleep better one of the
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    things that I found is a brand called
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    Eight sleep that sponsor this podcast
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    and that is the cover that I have on my
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    bed I saw the variance in my performance
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    my ability to talk my mood and
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    everything that matters to me when I'm
  • 01:37:17
    unslept it regulates the temperature of
  • 01:37:20
    both sides of my bed individually so my
  • 01:37:22
    partner can have cold I can have a
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    little bit warmer and it learns about my
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    body and sets my bed to the temperature
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    that I need to have optimal sleep the
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    brands that I talk about on this this
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    show the podcast sponsors that I have
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    are brands that I love and use and eight
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    sleep is one of them they've made that
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    piece of foam that we all sleep on for
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    eight hours a day smart I've put a link
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    in the description below but you can go
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    to 8sleep.com
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    stepen for exclus exive holiday
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    savings I have to ask you mentioned that
  • 01:37:55
    you moved in with your mother to try and
  • 01:37:56
    save
  • 01:37:57
    her um when she had was suffering with a
  • 01:38:01
    multitude of sort of mental health
  • 01:38:03
    disorders what is that like as a child I
  • 01:38:07
    I was trying to imagine if I moved in
  • 01:38:10
    with my mother when she was you use the
  • 01:38:13
    word delusional right what is that like
  • 01:38:17
    I've heard people speak to me about a
  • 01:38:18
    parent with dementia and that kind of
  • 01:38:21
    that loss but what is the loss like that
  • 01:38:23
    you experienced if I was a fly on the
  • 01:38:25
    wall in those moments what would I have
  • 01:38:26
    seen and if I was a fly inside of your
  • 01:38:28
    heart what would I have
  • 01:38:32
    felt it was actually
  • 01:38:34
    really horrendously
  • 01:38:38
    awful
  • 01:38:41
    um when I first moved in with her we had
  • 01:38:45
    a little bit of money still and so we
  • 01:38:48
    were living in a rooming house we were
  • 01:38:50
    renting rooms
  • 01:38:52
    at some point the money ran out and the
  • 01:38:55
    support that we were getting wasn't
  • 01:38:58
    enough and that's when we became
  • 01:39:03
    homeless but almost from day
  • 01:39:07
    one living with someone who is severely
  • 01:39:10
    depressed and
  • 01:39:13
    suicidal and
  • 01:39:17
    psychotic it's hard to not feel that
  • 01:39:20
    your
  • 01:39:22
    self it's like you're living in
  • 01:39:27
    this just
  • 01:39:29
    oppressive cloud of
  • 01:39:33
    Despair and it's everywhere it's in the
  • 01:39:36
    air like when you're in the home with
  • 01:39:39
    that person it's in the air that you're
  • 01:39:42
    breathing it it's hard to describe
  • 01:39:47
    it but that hopelessness just overwhelms
  • 01:39:52
    I mean you try to cheer the person up
  • 01:39:55
    and it's just
  • 01:39:57
    feudal and I
  • 01:40:01
    remember I think the first like three or
  • 01:40:04
    four months I lived with
  • 01:40:06
    her I like cried myself to sleep every
  • 01:40:10
    night like just sobbing
  • 01:40:14
    crying crying into my pillow so that she
  • 01:40:16
    wouldn't hear me CU I didn't want to
  • 01:40:18
    burden
  • 01:40:19
    her but I did know what to do I was just
  • 01:40:23
    I was it was just
  • 01:40:27
    overwhelming and after about four months
  • 01:40:30
    I actually I couldn't cry
  • 01:40:33
    anymore I just lost the ability to cry I
  • 01:40:36
    became
  • 01:40:38
    numb I just I I couldn't
  • 01:40:42
    tolerate those emotions that just
  • 01:40:45
    despair I couldn't I couldn't manage it
  • 01:40:48
    that actually persisted with me for
  • 01:40:50
    probably like like 20
  • 01:40:53
    years I wasn't able to cry for like 20
  • 01:40:58
    years there was a part of me that just
  • 01:41:00
    felt like you know crying is weakness
  • 01:41:02
    and crying is feudal it doesn't do
  • 01:41:06
    anything it doesn't solve any
  • 01:41:10
    problems
  • 01:41:14
    um it's interesting CU When I was with
  • 01:41:19
    her I hadn't gotten to the point of
  • 01:41:22
    suicidality myself I was desperately
  • 01:41:26
    wanting to stay alive to see if I could
  • 01:41:29
    help her and keep her
  • 01:41:31
    alive within about a year of that
  • 01:41:34
    though I started developing my own
  • 01:41:37
    suicidality
  • 01:41:39
    and
  • 01:41:41
    um and that persisted in me for years
  • 01:41:46
    after um I tried to kill myself several
  • 01:41:49
    times I was injuring myself I was doing
  • 01:41:53
    all sorts of
  • 01:41:54
    [Music]
  • 01:41:56
    things I was very I was actually
  • 01:42:00
    convinced if you asked me at the time I
  • 01:42:02
    would have said I was 100% certain that
  • 01:42:05
    I wouldn't be alive to the age of
  • 01:42:08
    20 I I knew with certainty that I would
  • 01:42:11
    be dead and I knew that I just couldn't
  • 01:42:14
    tolerate living and that there was no
  • 01:42:16
    hope for me
  • 01:42:19
    whatsoever Chris thank you your um book
  • 01:42:22
    is full of solutions and it's full of
  • 01:42:23
    Hope and I think that's why it's such an
  • 01:42:26
    incredibly important book and it's a a
  • 01:42:28
    book that has The Bravery
  • 01:42:31
    to illuminate another set of answers and
  • 01:42:34
    another path forward out of the Despair
  • 01:42:37
    and the epidemic of mental health um
  • 01:42:39
    illness that we're unfortunately I agree
  • 01:42:42
    we're heading we are in and increasingly
  • 01:42:45
    heading towards if that makes sense it's
  • 01:42:47
    certainly increasing in prevalence a
  • 01:42:50
    revolutionary breakthrough and
  • 01:42:51
    understanding mental health and
  • 01:42:53
    improving treatment for anxiety
  • 01:42:54
    depression OCD PTSD and much more brain
  • 01:42:58
    energy really really remarkable book and
  • 01:43:01
    Once upon once in a while books come
  • 01:43:02
    along that challenge the status quo in
  • 01:43:05
    the most necessary way and your book is
  • 01:43:06
    certainly one of them we have a closing
  • 01:43:08
    tradition on this podcast where the last
  • 01:43:10
    guest leaves a question for the next
  • 01:43:11
    guest not knowing who they're leaving it
  • 01:43:12
    for and the question that's been left
  • 01:43:14
    for you is you were known for your work
  • 01:43:18
    Chris but what would you like to be
  • 01:43:20
    known for
  • 01:43:21
    as the human that you
  • 01:43:25
    are I think I would like people to
  • 01:43:29
    know like I've shared with you
  • 01:43:34
    today that I was
  • 01:43:36
    somebody who had given up on
  • 01:43:39
    myself who actually thought there's no
  • 01:43:43
    possible way I could ever have a future
  • 01:43:47
    I could ever live a meaningful or even
  • 01:43:50
    tolerable
  • 01:43:53
    life and that all has
  • 01:43:57
    changed and if it can change for me and
  • 01:44:00
    you happen to be one of those people in
  • 01:44:02
    a similar state right now it can change
  • 01:44:05
    for you
  • 01:44:08
    too Chris thank you thank you so much
  • 01:44:11
    you know there's this
  • 01:44:13
    um there's this wonderful quote that I
  • 01:44:16
    read earlier from the start of your book
  • 01:44:18
    where you send that message to your
  • 01:44:19
    mother my fure T attempts to save you
  • 01:44:21
    from the ravages of mental illness lit a
  • 01:44:23
    fire in me that burns to this day I'm
  • 01:44:26
    sorry I didn't figure this out in time
  • 01:44:28
    to help you may you rest in peace but I
  • 01:44:31
    have to point out the fact that the work
  • 01:44:34
    you're doing the passion you're bringing
  • 01:44:36
    to it the wisdom and the 28 years of
  • 01:44:38
    study and Care you've put into all of
  • 01:44:41
    the work that exists in your book and
  • 01:44:42
    your wider work is saving many people's
  • 01:44:47
    mothers thousands of people's of their
  • 01:44:50
    mothers their fathers their daughters
  • 01:44:52
    their
  • 01:44:53
    sons and that I think is an absolutely
  • 01:44:58
    incredible thing so be on behalf of all
  • 01:44:59
    of those people that you'll absolutely
  • 01:45:01
    never meet you'll meet many of them sure
  • 01:45:03
    many of them messages you message you
  • 01:45:05
    but all of the ones that aren't able to
  • 01:45:07
    or haven't yet I just want to extend a
  • 01:45:09
    big thank you for the work you've done
  • 01:45:11
    in your life for those mothers for those
  • 01:45:13
    fathers for those daughters and for
  • 01:45:14
    those
  • 01:45:15
    Sons thank you
  • 01:45:19
    Steve
  • 01:45:20
    [Music]
  • 01:45:22
    as you'll know if you've listened to
  • 01:45:23
    this podcast before I'm an investor in a
  • 01:45:24
    company called hu I'm on their board and
  • 01:45:26
    they sponsor this podcast and I have a
  • 01:45:28
    very exciting announcement to make this
  • 01:45:30
    product called Daily Greens is one of
  • 01:45:32
    the most highly requested products at hu
  • 01:45:34
    but it's never been sold in the UK
  • 01:45:36
    before
  • 01:45:37
    until now it's often difficult to get
  • 01:45:40
    all of the greens into our diet that we
  • 01:45:42
    need to have a healthy gut microbiome
  • 01:45:44
    and a healthy body and with Hues Daily
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  • 01:45:50
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    most important Point here is I genuinely
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    believe it tastes delicious it's May my
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    favorite heel product ever for all the
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    reasons I've described so if you want
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    access to this product the link is in
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    the description below it launches in the
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    UK in January because of the demand I'm
  • 01:46:11
    pretty sure it's going to sell
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    out do you need a podcast to listen to
  • 01:46:16
    next we've discovered that people who
  • 01:46:18
    liked this episode also t absolutely
  • 01:46:21
    love another recent episode we've done
  • 01:46:23
    so I've linked that episode in the
  • 01:46:25
    description below I know you'll enjoy
  • 01:46:33
    [Music]
  • 01:46:35
    it
Tag
  • mental health
  • metabolic health
  • diet
  • schizophrenia
  • diabetes
  • obesity
  • autism
  • ADHD
  • mitochondria
  • trauma