A Revolta da Vacina

00:05:06
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6i6v9f_aWjg

Sintesi

TLDROswaldo Cruz, a young doctor, played a crucial role in combating epidemics in early 20th century Brazil. He began by addressing the bubonic plague in Rio de Janeiro, offering payment for dead mice to control the rodent population. After studying microbiology in Paris, he returned to Brazil to tackle various diseases. His significant challenge was yellow fever, which he learned was transmitted by mosquitoes, not air or water. Despite facing public resistance to smallpox vaccination, he enforced compulsory vaccination, leading to unrest but ultimately reducing infection rates. Cruz's efforts earned him national recognition and awards for his contributions to public health.

Punti di forza

  • 🦠 Oswaldo Cruz fought the bubonic plague in Rio.
  • 💰 He paid for dead mice to control the outbreak.
  • 🌍 Studied microbiology in Paris before returning to Brazil.
  • 🦟 Discovered yellow fever was transmitted by mosquitoes.
  • 💉 Faced public resistance to smallpox vaccination.
  • ⚖️ Enforced compulsory vaccination despite unrest.
  • 🏛️ Government declared a state of siege during the revolt.
  • 🏆 Received a prestigious health award in Germany in 1907.
  • 👨‍⚕️ Eventually recognized as a national hero.
  • 📉 Smallpox cases significantly decreased after vaccination.

Linea temporale

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:06

    Oswaldo Cruz, a young doctor, successfully combats the bubonic plague in early 20th century Rio de Janeiro by offering 310 reis for dead mice. After studying microbiology in Paris, he returns to Brazil to tackle various diseases. His efforts lead to a significant reduction in plague cases, earning him fame. In 1903, he becomes the general director of public health and confronts yellow fever, learning from Cuban methods that the disease is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. He organizes health brigades to combat the mosquito outbreak, leading to a decrease in infections. However, the challenge of smallpox arises, and despite public resistance to vaccination, a law is passed making it compulsory. This leads to widespread unrest, with protests and violence erupting in the city. The government responds with force, but eventually repeals the mandatory vaccination law due to public pressure. Over time, vaccination efforts succeed, and smallpox cases decline significantly, leading to Cruz being recognized as a national hero and receiving international accolades for his contributions to public health.

Mappa mentale

Video Domande e Risposte

  • Who was Oswaldo Cruz?

    A young doctor who fought epidemics in early 20th century Brazil.

  • What disease did Oswaldo Cruz combat first?

    The bubonic plague.

  • What was the main vector of yellow fever discovered by Carlos Finley?

    The mosquito Aedes aegypti.

  • What was the public's reaction to the smallpox vaccination?

    There was significant resistance and unrest.

  • What did the government do in response to the vaccination revolt?

    They declared a state of siege and repealed the mandatory vaccination law.

  • What recognition did Oswaldo Cruz receive in 1907?

    He received the highest health award in Germany.

  • How did Oswaldo Cruz's approach to public health change over time?

    He shifted from traditional sanitation methods to more effective measures like vaccination.

  • What was the outcome of the smallpox vaccination campaign?

    The number of smallpox cases decreased significantly.

  • What did the press eventually call Oswaldo Cruz?

    A genius and a national hero.

  • What was the economic impact of the epidemics on Brazil?

    Foreign ships refused to stop at Brazilian ports due to the outbreaks.

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Sottotitoli
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Scorrimento automatico:
  • 00:00:12
    310 reis per 1 mouse, preferably dead. This is how
  • 00:00:17
    early 20th century the young doctor Oswaldo Cruz ended the epidemic of
  • 00:00:22
    bubonic plague in Rio de Janeiro. The experience was a success
  • 00:00:28
    although some profiteers created rats in their backyards just to earn some change ...
  • 00:00:40
    but his trajectory was easy. In 1899 after studying microbiology
  • 00:00:47
    in Paris, at the Pasteur Institute, he returns to Brazil determined to fight
  • 00:00:52
    a series of diseases that killed thousands of people every year.
  • 00:01:00
    The situation is complicated, including the economy. Some ships
  • 00:01:05
    foreigners refuse to stop at our ports.
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    After the cruiser's crew Italian Lombardy was almost all
  • 00:01:13
    decimated. Oswaldo starts his fight and rodents in the ports of
  • 00:01:19
    Santos and Rio and controlling the outbreak of bubonic plague. Your fame spreads.
  • 00:01:27
    In 1903, he assumed the position of general director of public health with the challenge of
  • 00:01:34
    with another epidemic, that of fever Yellow.
  • 00:01:38
    A few days later, he took the attitude controversy.
  • 00:01:42
    Displeased with traditional methods of sanitation, he
  • 00:01:47
    Havana, capital of Cuba, to study with a city had ended the outbreak of the disease.
  • 00:01:53
    At that time, it was believed that the virus was transmitted by air or
  • 00:01:58
    by the water, until the Cuban doctor Carlos Finley discovered that the enemy
  • 00:02:03
    was another: the mosquito aedes aegypti.
  • 00:02:09
    Oswaldo returns to Rio and begins to fight with what he has. It organizes a brigade of
  • 00:02:15
    carts to clean outbreaks of mosquitoes, isolates patients in
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    cubicles. The press catches your foot but the number of people infected
  • 00:02:27
    decreases rapidly.
  • 00:02:29
    There was still one major challenge: to beat smallpox and the only remedy
  • 00:02:36
    was the vaccine, still a novelty for the but already made in France
  • 00:02:41
    a few decades ago from the virus of cow pox.
  • 00:02:48
    The repercussion is negative. Nobody wanted to put it inside the body.
  • 00:02:52
    the disease virus, even more than one animal. Not even the intellectual Rui Barbosa.
  • 00:02:59
    But there was no way out.
  • 00:03:03
    to contain the increasing number of dead.
  • 00:03:06
    The Congress passes a law making compulsory vaccination.
  • 00:03:10
    The health brigades entering the homes and vaccinating people
  • 00:03:15
    force. The revolt is general. Women refuse to
  • 00:03:20
    show the arm to the vaccinators and much people living in unhealthy places have
  • 00:03:25
    their houses demolished. The conflict takes on gigantic proportions
  • 00:03:30
    with shootings and break-breaking in all the parts of the city
  • 00:03:39
    The cadets of the beach military school red
  • 00:03:41
    discontented with the direction the republic had taken, seized chaos and tried to
  • 00:03:47
    overthrow President Rodrigues Alves. The government reacts with iron hand
  • 00:03:52
    and decrees state of siege and orders disgruntled and disgruntled rebels
  • 00:03:58
    some unemployed for a forced labor in the state of Acre.
  • 00:04:03
    In the face of intense popular pressure, President repeals the law of the vaccine
  • 00:04:08
    is no longer mandatory. But who I wanted to work, study or marry
  • 00:04:14
    needed to get vaccinated.
  • 00:04:18
    Over time, the number of contaminated plunges and people start looking for
  • 00:04:24
    health posts. In soon, there would be no more cases
  • 00:04:30
    of smallpox. In 1907, Oswaldo Cruz receives the highest award in Germany
  • 00:04:37
    health and public health of the time
  • 00:04:40
    competing with more than 120 competitors Worldwide. The press now
  • 00:04:46
    flame of genius and Rui himself Barbosa, who would say, salutes him as a national hero
Tag
  • Oswaldo Cruz
  • bubonic plague
  • yellow fever
  • vaccination
  • public health
  • epidemics
  • Aedes aegypti
  • Cuba
  • smallpox
  • Brazil