Neutron Interactions With Matter : Chemistry & Physics

00:04:26
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zlZoYmWAH0k

Sintesi

TLDRThe video by Walter discusses how neutrons interact with matter, specifically focusing on the interactions with the nucleus of an atom. When a high-energy neutron interacts with a nucleus, either scattering or absorption processes can occur. In scattering, there are two types: elastic, where kinetic energy is conserved, and inelastic, where the nucleus enters an excited state and later emits radiation. Absorption involves the neutron being absorbed into the nucleus, and various products may be emitted depending on the type of absorption. Absorption types include electromagnetic, charged particle, and neutral, each emitting different radiation such as photons, alpha or beta particles, or more neutrons. Furthermore, if a neutron has enough energy, it can cause fission, breaking the nucleus into smaller fragments and possibly leading to an uncontrolled reaction akin to a fission bomb. The likelihood of a neutron interacting with the nucleus is higher than with orbiting electrons due to the nucleus's larger cross-section.

Punti di forza

  • 🔍 Neutron interactions mainly involve atomic nuclei.
  • 🔄 Scattering can be elastic or inelastic.
  • 💥 Inelastic scattering excites the nucleus.
  • 🌟 Absorption leads to different emissions.
  • 🔗 Absorption types include electromagnetic and charged particles.
  • ⚡ High-energy neutrons can cause fission.
  • 💣 Uncontrolled fission leads to bombs.
  • 🔬 Nuclei have larger chances of neutron interaction.
  • ✨ Emissions include alpha, beta particles, and gamma rays.
  • 🔬 Nucleus cross-section is larger than that of electrons.

Linea temporale

  • 00:00:00 - 00:04:26

    Walter discusses neutron interactions with matter, focusing on how neutrons interact with atomic nuclei rather than electrons. He describes that interactions result in either scattering or absorption. Scattering can be elastic, where the kinetic energy is conserved, or inelastic, leading to energy release later. Absorption involves the neutron being absorbed into the nucleus, with possible emission of particles or radiation, including fission, where the nucleus splits and releases more neutrons and radiation—a process central to nuclear bombs.

Mappa mentale

Mind Map

Domande frequenti

  • What are the two types of scattering mentioned?

    The two types of scattering are elastic and inelastic scattering.

  • What happens during inelastic scattering?

    During inelastic scattering, the nucleus goes into an excited state and may later emit radiation.

  • What are the different types of absorption processes?

    The types of absorption processes include electromagnetic absorption, charged particle absorption, and neutral absorption.

  • What particles might be emitted during charged particle absorption?

    During charged particle absorption, the nucleus can emit particles like alpha particles or beta particles.

  • What could result from the absorption of a neutron?

    Absorption can lead to the emission of particles such as neutrons, alpha particles, beta particles, or high-energy photons.

  • What can cause fission in neutron interactions?

    Fission can occur if the neutron has sufficiently high energy to break apart the nucleus.

  • What can uncontrolled fission reactions lead to?

    Uncontrolled fission reactions can lead to a fission bomb.

  • Which particle interacts more with the neutron, the nucleus or the electron?

    The neutron is more likely to interact with the nucleus due to its larger cross-section compared to the electron.

  • What kind of radiation can be emitted from electromagnetic absorption?

    Electromagnetic absorption can emit photons or high-energy photons such as gamma rays.

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Sottotitoli
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Scorrimento automatico:
  • 00:00:05
    hello my name is Walter in glob and this
  • 00:00:08
    is Neutron interactions with matter when
  • 00:00:11
    we consider a neutron interacting with
  • 00:00:13
    matter what we typically consider is a
  • 00:00:16
    neutron interacting with the nucleus of
  • 00:00:20
    an atom so here I have an atom with one
  • 00:00:25
    or more electrons orbiting the nucleus
  • 00:00:27
    and I have a neutron like a high-energy
  • 00:00:30
    neutron that comes in and interacts with
  • 00:00:35
    this nucleus there's several things that
  • 00:00:37
    can happen depending on this particular
  • 00:00:40
    trajectory and the energy of the neutron
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    and this particulate nucleus that we're
  • 00:00:45
    considering we can either have
  • 00:00:48
    scattering processes or we can have
  • 00:00:55
    absorption occur
  • 00:01:01
    if we first focus on scattering there's
  • 00:01:03
    two types of scattering events that can
  • 00:01:05
    occur either the collision process will
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    be elastic meaning that the total
  • 00:01:12
    kinetic energy between the two particles
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    is conserved or we can have inelastic
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    scattering and what happens here is that
  • 00:01:25
    the nucleus will go into an excited
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    state due to the momentum the energy
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    that this incoming Neutron had and at a
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    later point in time the nucleus can emit
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    some radiation due to the D excitation
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    after the inelastic scattering event has
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    occurred if we consider absorption that
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    means that the neutron is absorbed into
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    the nucleus and there are many different
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    types of absorption processes that can
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    occur in this type of interaction for
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    one we can consider electromagnetic
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    absorption or a charged particle
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    absorption or neutral absorption and
  • 00:02:15
    each of these types of processes involve
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    the neutron being absorbed into the
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    nucleus and then some other type of
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    particle being emitted from the nucleus
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    so if it's neutral that means another
  • 00:02:30
    neutron has been emitted from the
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    nucleus for a charged particle type of
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    absorption the nucleus can emit
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    different types of radiation like alpha
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    particles or beta particles and then
  • 00:02:45
    electromagnetic radiation from the
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    absorption of the neutron can involve
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    for example photons or high in
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    high-energy photons such as gamma rays
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    so
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    here we can have a positron or an
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    electron and a final type of absorption
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    would be fission so if the neutron is of
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    high enough sufficient energy then it
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    can break apart this nucleus and the
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    nucleus will break up into daughter
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    products and not just smaller nuclei but
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    probably other radiation such as gamma
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    rays or positive positive or and even
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    another Neutron and if this continues on
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    with many nuclei then you can have an
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    uncontrolled fission reaction and that's
  • 00:03:45
    what a fission bomb is so these are the
  • 00:03:48
    different types of interactions that a
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    neutron can have with matter
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    specifically the nucleus and the nucleus
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    will have a larger cross-section
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    compared to the electron meaning that
  • 00:04:02
    the probability of the neutron hitting
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    and interacting with the nucleus is
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    larger than that of the neutron
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    interacting with the electron orbiting
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    the nucleus my name is Walter une glove
  • 00:04:14
    and this is Neutron interactions with
  • 00:04:16
    matter
Tag
  • neutron
  • nucleus
  • scattering
  • absorption
  • elastic
  • inelastic
  • fission
  • radiation
  • interaction
  • cross-section