What is an effective academic presentation?

00:08:53
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ze3IiHsHuIA

概要

TLDRThis video tutorial outlines the key components of an effective academic presentation, including the need for thorough research and proper referencing. It emphasizes the importance of a coherent structure, engaging language, body language, and practice in reducing nervousness. Additionally, it contrasts two delivery styles through a case study, showcasing how confidence and energy can transform a presentation. Viewers learn that simplicity in slides, interaction with the audience, and rehearsal are crucial for success.

収穫

  • 📚 Academic presentations require thorough research.
  • ✏️ Citing references is essential for credibility.
  • 🗂️ Good structure helps the audience follow along.
  • 👀 Body language enhances engagement.
  • 🎤 Use voice modulation for effectiveness.
  • 🤝 Interaction keeps the audience interested.
  • 📊 Keep slides simple and focused.
  • 💪 Practice reduces presentation anxiety.
  • 🌟 Confidence is key to a successful delivery.
  • 🔗 Use signposting to guide your audience.

タイムライン

  • 00:00:00 - 00:08:53

    The video discusses the key differences between academic presentations and those done in secondary school, highlighting the importance of research and citation of references to establish authority and validity in the topic presented. It emphasizes the necessity to select relevant references, cite them appropriately both on slides and verbally, and provide a full reference list in a required format like APA or IEEE. Moreover, the structure of the presentation is reviewed, introducing the concept of 'signposting' to help guide the audience through the content clearly. Key factors such as language use, body language, and audience interaction are also addressed, proposing to enhance presentations with good intonation, eye contact, and appropriate gestures while keeping slides simple. Lastly, the significance of practice in alleviating nervousness and ensuring effective delivery of presentations is stressed, suggesting rehearsal as a foolproof strategy for success.

マインドマップ

ビデオQ&A

  • What is the main difference between academic presentations and secondary school presentations?

    The main difference is the emphasis on research and the necessity to cite references in academic presentations.

  • How should references be cited in an oral presentation?

    References can be cited through slides and verbally. Ensure that you provide the source of images and mention authors when discussing their work.

  • What is signposting in presentations?

    Signposting refers to clearly organizing each section of the presentation so the audience can easily follow the content.

  • What is the importance of body language in presentations?

    Good body language, including eye contact, posture, and appropriate gestures, enhances audience engagement.

  • How can a speaker make a presentation interesting?

    A speaker can use voice modulation, body language, and create interaction with the audience to enhance interest.

  • What are some ways to deal with nervousness before a presentation?

    Techniques include visualizing a relaxing environment, deep breathing, listening to music, and practicing extensively.

  • What are some common problems speakers face?

    Lack of confidence, monotonous delivery, and poor intonation can render a presentation dull and unengaging.

  • What should presentation slides look like?

    Slides should be simple, without too many animations or sound effects, as the focus should be on the speaker.

  • Why is practice essential for presentations?

    Practicing helps reduce nervousness and increases confidence, improving the quality of the presentation.

  • What factors influence how an audience perceives a presentation?

    Factors include the speaker's confidence, energy, intonation, and overall delivery.

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  • 00:00:06
    Students often ask me, how is an academic presentation different from the ones they
  • 00:00:12
    have done in secondary school. Well, the main difference is that it includes research; you
  • 00:00:19
    need to cite references; for exactly the same reasons as Jeff already explained to you in the video
  • 00:00:28
    What is Academic Style? So, in academic style you need to prove your authority in your discipline;
  • 00:00:36
    you need to establish that what you're talking about is relevant, that it is correct, and
  • 00:00:44
    that it is valid. So, how do you do that? You do that by choosing references that are
  • 00:00:51
    relevant and that are also, that support your arguments properly; then once you have your
  • 00:00:59
    references, you need to cite them. In an oral presentation, this can be done in two ways.
  • 00:01:06
    First of all provide the reference in the slide; for instance you have a picture, so
  • 00:01:14
    first make sure that you are allowed to take that picture, you are allowed to use the picture;
  • 00:01:20
    otherwise it's just stealing. So, then you use the picture, you provide the source, where
  • 00:01:25
    has the picture come from? And then also cite it orally, verbally. So, another example could
  • 00:01:34
    be, that you have used an author called John Chan, then you would say, ... As John Chan
  • 00:01:42
    points out in his article in 2010...So, that is a way of doing referencing in the slides.
  • 00:01:52
    Also finally, you would have to have an entire list of references; you display the whole
  • 00:01:59
    list of references in the correct style; for example it could be APA or it could be IEEE
  • 00:02:06
    ; which gives the information to the audience of all the sources that you have used in the
  • 00:02:13
    presentation.
  • 00:02:14
    So, now that we have talked about referencing, the other key factor in academic presentations
  • 00:02:23
    is structure. A good structure enables the audience to follow the content very clearly,
  • 00:02:31
    so make sure that each section of your presentation is organised properly where every section
  • 00:02:39
    is linked to the other in a clear and coherent manner. This is called signposting, which
  • 00:02:47
    gives directions to the audience on which way the presentation is leading, and you will
  • 00:02:55
    learn more about it in the coming weeks.
  • 00:03:00
    Another concern for most students is language. This is tricky for some students because oral
  • 00:03:09
    presentations use spoken language and they need lots of interaction, so if a student
  • 00:03:16
    just delivers an essay, and just reads it, then it's going to be not only dull and
  • 00:03:23
    boring, it's going to end him up with a very very low grade. But at the same time,
  • 00:03:31
    we have to be careful not to use very emotional language. Then the dilemma is how do we make
  • 00:03:42
    our presentations interesting? Well, we can use our voice, we can use our
  • 00:03:48
    body language and we can make the presentation interactive. We can use good intonation. So
  • 00:03:56
    in the next video by John Jones and David Wong you will learn much more about this.
  • 00:04:05
    As far as body language is concerned, make sure that you have very good eye contact,
  • 00:04:11
    good posture, good facial expressions and appropriate gestures. And interaction, ask
  • 00:04:20
    questions, create interest, and get your audience to ask questions to you and want to know more
  • 00:04:30
    about your topic.
  • 00:04:33
    Then as far as slides are concerned, it is best to keep it simple. Try not to use too
  • 00:04:43
    many fancy animations, or sound effects, because you are the one delivering the presentation;
  • 00:04:51
    it's not the PowerPoint which is delivering the presentation.
  • 00:04:56
    So, to wrap it up, and all in all, I'd like to say that an academic presentation is one
  • 00:05:05
    which has very well researched content with reliable references; it is very clearly organised
  • 00:05:15
    so that the audience can follow it; it has good intonation; it has good body language,
  • 00:05:22
    it has appropriate language; and simple but effective slides. So there is a lot to do
  • 00:05:31
    and there is a lot to remember; and that's not easy, so it's very likely that you will
  • 00:05:37
    get nervous. Most people are nervous of public speaking, so different people use different
  • 00:05:45
    ways to relax, before their presentation, some people like to imagine themselves in
  • 00:05:53
    a very relaxing environment, other people use deep breathing techniques; some people
  • 00:06:00
    like to listen to music before their presentation; but whatever you do, I think there is one
  • 00:06:07
    sure, foolproof method to ensure that your presentation goes well; practice; so rehearse
  • 00:06:17
    your presentation with your partner, not just once, not just twice, but several times, until
  • 00:06:24
    you get it absolutely right. And this will help you reduce your nervousness, and when
  • 00:06:32
    you are delivering your presentation, you'll be calm, alert, composed and confident, and
  • 00:06:39
    trust me, your teacher will notice it right away, and know that you are well prepared.
  • 00:06:46
  • 00:06:59
    I'm going to divide my presentation into three parts; the first part I will define what is good public speaking.
  • 00:07:03
    David, this speaker has problems.
  • 00:07:06
  • 00:07:08
    A lot of problems. First of all, there appears to be a complete lack of confidence.
  • 00:07:18
    The whole presentation lacks energy as well.
  • 00:07:20
    It's flat; it's boring. She doesn't seem to understand that English has a music
  • 00:07:25
    of its own; intonation. As a result it sounds as you said; flat, boring.
  • 00:07:30
    Well previously, I found the topic very very interesting, but the delivery.
  • 00:07:34
    I agree, her English is good, but as you said, her delivery is dead.
  • 00:07:41
    Problematic.
  • 00:07:41
    Lets watch again.
  • 00:07:43
    Ok, hope this time it's better.
  • 00:07:47
    Fingers crossed.
  • 00:07:48
    I'm going to divide my presentation into three parts; And the first part I'll define what is good public speaking.
  • 00:07:56
  • 00:07:58
    Excellent.
  • 00:07:59
    Marvelous.
  • 00:07:59
    A completely different performance.
  • 00:08:02
    And that really impressed me as well. This time..
  • 00:08:05
    She was confident.
  • 00:08:06
    Energetic.
  • 00:08:07
    Lively.
  • 00:08:08
    The whole presentation is very entertaining as well.
  • 00:08:13
    I agree, and did you notice that her English, although the words are exactly the same, this
  • 00:08:17
    time it was musical, it was filled with the music of English; intonation.
  • 00:08:20
    And she's no longer a machine.
  • 00:08:23
    Absolutely, and remember that interviewers, or anybody watching this presentation, will
  • 00:08:28
    form an opinion based on these factors.
  • 00:08:31
    Right, so, how about in fact, where could we get help? Where could we develop our skills
  • 00:08:39
    so that we can become an energetic, confident, presenter?
  • 00:08:44
    That is the question.
タグ
  • academic presentations
  • public speaking
  • research
  • references
  • structure
  • body language
  • intonation
  • practice
  • audience engagement
  • presentation skills