Propulsion Systems Used in Modern Naval Vessels

00:13:42
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYHuqdV-tpU

概要

TLDRThe video outlines the significance of propulsion system selection in naval ship design, emphasizing the need for speed and fuel efficiency. It explores various propulsion types, including combined diesel and gas systems, electrical systems, and nuclear options, discussing their operational capabilities and design advantages. The shift towards electric propulsion in modern navies is spotlighted, as well as the challenges and benefits presented by each system, illustrating how advancements in technology are shaping the future of naval operations.

収穫

  • ⚓️ Naval propulsion systems are pivotal for speed and efficiency.
  • 📈 Increasing fuel costs push for more fuel-efficient solutions.
  • 🔌 Electric propulsion is becoming standard for modern naval designs.
  • 💡 Combined diesel and gas systems offer flexible power options.
  • 🚢 Newer vessels benefit from advanced electric systems and hybrid technologies.
  • 🌍 A global trend towards cleaner emissions is noticeable in naval design.
  • 🔄 Multiple engine setups improve fuel efficiency and operational capabilities.

タイムライン

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    The selection of propulsion systems in modern naval vessels is crucial for meeting speed and service power requirements while addressing rising fuel costs. Key considerations include traditional factors like speed, shock capability, and noise reduction, as well as newer demands for greater speed range, mission flexibility, and reduced emissions. A significant trend has emerged toward more electric propulsion systems to handle increasing electrical load demands and improve affordability, evident in new programs across various navies worldwide.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:13:42

    Various propulsion types have been discussed, including Combined Diesel and Gas (CDG) systems that enhance speed efficiency with both diesel engines and gas turbines, and Combined Diesel Electric and Diesel (CDED) systems using electric motors linked to diesel generators. Other systems like Combined Gas and Gas (CGG) optimize energy efficiency by allowing variable power outputs. Furthermore, advanced nuclear-steam and integrated electric propulsion systems present a shift towards greater performance and operational sustainability in naval engineering.

マインドマップ

ビデオQ&A

  • What are the primary propulsion systems for naval vessels?

    Modern naval vessels use systems like combined diesel and gas, diesel electric, and all-electric propulsion systems.

  • Why is fuel efficiency important in naval vessel design?

    Increasing fuel costs and the operational demands of modern missions make fuel efficiency a crucial factor.

  • What is the role of electric propulsion in modern navies?

    Electric propulsion systems help meet increased electrical load demands while offering better fuel efficiency.

  • How do combined diesel and gas systems work?

    These systems utilize diesel engines for cruising and gas turbines for high-speed transits, allowing for flexible and efficient power usage.

  • What are the benefits of using multiple smaller engines?

    Using two smaller engines can improve fuel consumption and provide size and weight advantages over a single larger engine.

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  • 00:00:00
    [Music]
  • 00:00:07
    propulsion systems used in modern naval
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    vessels
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    propulsion systems selection is an
  • 00:00:13
    important part of naval ship design
  • 00:00:16
    these systems have always had to satisfy
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    speed and ship service power
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    requirements
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    nowadays increasing fuel costs are
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    moving such decisions towards
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    more fuel efficient solutions unlike
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    commercial ships naval ships operate in
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    a variety of speeds
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    and electric loads making fuel
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    consumption optimization
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    challenging propulsion system choices
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    for
  • 00:00:39
    modern naval vessels depends on some
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    criteria
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    traditional criteria ship speed
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    requirements
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    shock capability noise reduction
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    infrared signature
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    additional criteria change in operation
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    requirements
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    greater range of speed added mission
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    flexibility
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    longer periods away from base with
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    smaller crews
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    and cleaner emissions an emerging global
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    macro trend in naval engineering over
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    the last 15 years
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    has been a decisive migration to more
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    electric
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    propulsion due to progressively
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    increasing electrical load demand
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    and a focus on affordability all
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    electric
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    and hybrid electromechanical
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    arrangements are routinely demonstrating
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    marriage since 1990
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    in the royal navy type 23 anti-submarine
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    buffet brigade
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    and subsequent modern frigate programs
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    these include the royal navy type 26
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    german navy f 125 spanish navy f 110
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    italian and french navy's frame republic
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    of korean navy
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    ffx 2 frigate and finnish navy ascii
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    2020 pregame programs
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    types of propulsion systems combine
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    diesel or gas combined diesel or gas is
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    a type with propulsion system for
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    ships that need a maximum speed that
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    considerably
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    faster than they cruise speed
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    particularly warp ships like modern
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    frigates or corvettes
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    for every propeller shaft there is one
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    diesel engine for cruising speed
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    and one geared gas turbine for high
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    speed dashes
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    both are connected to the shaft with
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    clutches
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    only one system is driving the ship in
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    contrast to combined diesel and gas
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    systems that can use the combined power
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    output
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    with both the advantage if combined
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    diesel or
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    gas is a similar gearing compared to
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    combined diesel
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    and gas but it needs either more
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    powerful
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    or additional gas turbines to achieve
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    the same maximum power output
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    the disadvantage of combined diesel or
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    gas
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    is that the fuel consumption at high
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    speed is
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    poor compared to the combined diesel and
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    gas
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    come back diesel and gas carbide diesel
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    and gas is a type of propulsion system
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    for ships that
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    need a maximum speed that is
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    considerably faster than their cruise
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    speed
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    particularly warships like modern
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    frigates or corvettes
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    pioneered by germany with the current
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    class free gate
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    and combined diesel and gas system
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    consists
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    of diesel engines for cruising and gas
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    turbines that can be switched
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    on for high speed transits
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    in most cases the difference of power
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    output from diesel engines
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    along to diesel and turbine power
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    combined is too large for controllable
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    pitch propellant
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    to limit the rotation so that the diesel
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    cannot continue to operate without
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    changing the gear ratios
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    of their transmissions because of that
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    special
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    mod speed gearboxes are needed this
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    contrasts
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    to combine diesel or gas systems which
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    couple the diesels with a simple
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    fixed ratio gearbox to the shop
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    but disengage the diesel engines
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    when the turbine is powered up for
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    example the new combined diesel
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    and gas purple fridge of nonsense class
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    brigades
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    of the royal norwegian navy the gear
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    right here
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    for the diesel engine is changed from
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    about 1
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    to 7.7 for diesel only to
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    1 to 5.31 in diesel and turbine mode
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    some ships even have three different
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    gear raties for
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    diesel engines one each for single
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    diesel
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    and double diesel cruises and the third
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    when the gas turbine is engaged
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    such a propulsion system has a smaller
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    footprint
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    than a diesel-only power plant with the
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    same maximal power
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    output since smaller engines can be used
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    and the gas turbine and gearbox don't
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    need that much additional space
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    still it retains the high fuel
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    efficiency of diesel
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    engines when cruising allowing greater
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    range and lower fuel costs than with gas
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    tubings alone
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    on the other hand a more complex heavy
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    and troublesome gearing is needed
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    typical cruising speed of combined
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    diesel and guest warp ships
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    on diesel power is 20 knots and
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    typical maximum speed with switched and
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    tubing
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    is 30 knots combine diesel electric and
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    diesel
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    combined diesel electric and diesel is a
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    naval propulsion system
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    in which an electric motor and a diesel
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    engine act on a single propeller
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    transmission system takes care of making
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    one or both motors act on the propeller
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    shaft
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    the combined diesel electric and diesel
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    propulsion system is based on the use of
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    electric motors directly connected to
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    the axis
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    generally two of the propellers
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    the electric motors are powered by
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    diesel generators
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    and to have higher speeds as happens in
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    kodat propulsion systems the higher
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    power diesel engine
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    is inserted which is disconnected from
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    the transmission system to return
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    to cruising speed
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    [Music]
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    this system that uses diesel engines for
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    both propulsion
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    and for the production of electricity
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    for onboard services significantly
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    reduces costs
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    the number of diesel engines for the
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    various ship services decreases
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    and electric motors need less
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    maintenance
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    furthermore since electric motors can
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    work
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    more effectively in a larger number of
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    revolutions and
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    being directly connected to the proper
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    access
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    the transmission systems for coupling
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    and decoupling the diesel electric
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    systems with the diesel engines
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    used to have higher speeds the combined
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    diesel electric and diesel system has
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    been adapted
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    in the new volcano class logistics
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    support ship
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    under construction for the italian navy
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    combine diesel electric and gas combined
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    diesel electric and gas
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    is a modification of the combined diesel
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    and gas propulsion system for ships
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    a variant called the combined diesel
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    electric or gas system
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    contains the same basic elements but
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    will not allow simultaneous use
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    of the alternative drive sources
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    a combined diesel electric and gas
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    system employs electric motors
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    which are connected to the propeller
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    shop
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    motors are powered by diesel generators
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    for higher speeds against turbine power
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    the shafts
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    via across connecting gearbox
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    for curve speed the drivetrain of the
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    turbine is disengaged with clutches
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    this arrangement combines the diesel
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    engines used for propulsion and for
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    electric power generation
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    greatly reducing service cost since it
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    reduces the number of
  • 00:08:12
    different diesel engines and electric
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    motors requiring
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    considerably less maintenance also
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    electric motors
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    work efficiently over a wide range of
  • 00:08:22
    revolutions
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    and can be connected directly to the
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    propeller shaft
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    so that simpler gearboxes can be used to
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    combine the mechanical output
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    of turbine and diesel electrical systems
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    another advantage
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    of the diesel electric transmission is
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    that without the need
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    with a mechanical connection the diesel
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    generators can be decoupled acoustically
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    from the hull
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    of the ship making it less noisy
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    this has been used extensively by
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    military
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    submarines but surface naval vessels
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    like anti-submarine vessels will benefit
  • 00:08:59
    as well
  • 00:09:02
    combine diesel and diesel
  • 00:09:05
    combined diesel and diesel is a
  • 00:09:07
    propulsion system for
  • 00:09:09
    ships using two diesel engines to power
  • 00:09:11
    a single propeller shaft
  • 00:09:13
    a gearbox and clutches enable either
  • 00:09:16
    of the engines or both of them together
  • 00:09:20
    to drive the shaft
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    two advantages over simply using a
  • 00:09:24
    single
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    larger diesel engine of the same total
  • 00:09:27
    power output
  • 00:09:28
    are that one diesel engines have
  • 00:09:32
    somewhat better specific
  • 00:09:33
    fuel consumption at 75 percent is 85
  • 00:09:37
    percent
  • 00:09:38
    maximum output than they do at only 50
  • 00:09:42
    output 2. there is a weight and size
  • 00:09:46
    advantage to
  • 00:09:47
    using two higher speed engines compared
  • 00:09:49
    to a single lower speed engine
  • 00:09:52
    even with the slightly larger gearbox
  • 00:09:54
    system
  • 00:09:56
    combined gas or gas combined gas or gas
  • 00:09:59
    is a propulsion system for ships using
  • 00:10:02
    gas trooping engines
  • 00:10:04
    a high efficiency low output tubing is
  • 00:10:07
    used for cruising speeds with a high
  • 00:10:09
    output turbine being used for high speed
  • 00:10:12
    operations
  • 00:10:13
    a clutch allows either tubing to be
  • 00:10:16
    selected
  • 00:10:17
    but there is no gearbox to allow the
  • 00:10:19
    operation of
  • 00:10:20
    both tubings at once this has the
  • 00:10:23
    advantage of
  • 00:10:24
    not requiring heavy expensive and
  • 00:10:27
    potentially unreliable gearboxes
  • 00:10:30
    the reason that a smaller turbine is
  • 00:10:32
    used for cruising
  • 00:10:34
    is that a small tubing running at 100
  • 00:10:36
    percent power
  • 00:10:37
    is more fuel efficient than a bigger
  • 00:10:39
    tribune running at 50
  • 00:10:41
    power the system is currently used in
  • 00:10:44
    the tree ships of the russian navy slava
  • 00:10:47
    class cruisers
  • 00:10:48
    the japanese maritime self-defense
  • 00:10:51
    forces
  • 00:10:52
    hatsuyuki class destroyers and the dutch
  • 00:10:55
    navy cortana class frigates
  • 00:10:57
    [Music]
  • 00:10:59
    combine gas and gas combined gas tubing
  • 00:11:03
    and gas turbine is a type of propulsion
  • 00:11:06
    system for
  • 00:11:06
    ships using two gas turbines connected
  • 00:11:09
    to a single propeller shaft
  • 00:11:11
    a gearbox and clutches along either of
  • 00:11:14
    the turbines to drive the shaft
  • 00:11:16
    of both of them combined
  • 00:11:21
    using one or two gas turbines has the
  • 00:11:23
    advantage of having two different power
  • 00:11:26
    settings
  • 00:11:30
    since the fuel efficiency of a gas
  • 00:11:32
    tubing is
  • 00:11:33
    best near its maximum power level
  • 00:11:37
    a small gas tubing running at its full
  • 00:11:39
    power is more efficient
  • 00:11:41
    compared to a device as powerful turbine
  • 00:11:44
    running
  • 00:11:44
    at half power allowing more economical
  • 00:11:48
    transit at cruise speeds compared to
  • 00:11:51
    combined diesel and gas or combined
  • 00:11:54
    diesel or gas
  • 00:11:56
    kergex systems have a smaller footprint
  • 00:11:59
    but a much lower fuel efficiency
  • 00:12:02
    at cruise speed and for combined diesel
  • 00:12:04
    and gas systems
  • 00:12:06
    it is also somewhat lower for higher
  • 00:12:08
    speed dashes
  • 00:12:10
    combined nuclear and steam propulsion
  • 00:12:14
    combined nuclear and steam propulsion
  • 00:12:16
    system is used
  • 00:12:17
    on the kiro class guided missile
  • 00:12:20
    cruisers
  • 00:12:21
    complementary to the nuclear component
  • 00:12:24
    there are two conventional boilers
  • 00:12:27
    installed as backup in case of reactor
  • 00:12:29
    failure
  • 00:12:30
    both components can drive two gear steam
  • 00:12:33
    turbines generating 120 000 horsepower
  • 00:12:38
    at two prop shafts integrated electric
  • 00:12:41
    propulsion
  • 00:12:43
    integrated electric propulsion or full
  • 00:12:46
    electric propulsion
  • 00:12:47
    or integrated full electric propulsion
  • 00:12:50
    is an
  • 00:12:51
    arrangement of marine propulsion systems
  • 00:12:53
    such that
  • 00:12:54
    gas turbines or diesel generators or
  • 00:12:57
    both generate three-phase electricity
  • 00:13:00
    which is then used to power electric
  • 00:13:03
    motors
  • 00:13:04
    turning either propellers or waterjet
  • 00:13:06
    impellers
  • 00:13:07
    it is a modification of the combat
  • 00:13:10
    diesel electric
  • 00:13:11
    and gas propulsion system full ships
  • 00:13:14
    which eliminates the need for clutches
  • 00:13:16
    and reduces or eliminates the need for
  • 00:13:19
    gearboxes
  • 00:13:20
    by using electrical transmission rather
  • 00:13:22
    than
  • 00:13:23
    the mechanical transmission of energy so
  • 00:13:26
    it is a serious hybrid electric
  • 00:13:28
    propulsion
  • 00:13:29
    instead of parallel
  • 00:13:35
    [Music]
  • 00:13:42
    you
タグ
  • naval vessels
  • propulsion systems
  • fuel efficiency
  • electric propulsion
  • combined diesel and gas
  • military ships
  • design criteria
  • speed requirements
  • modern frigates
  • nuclear propulsion