Voicing, Place & Manner of Articulation - Part 2

00:09:21
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lLWkWQvsHr8

概要

TLDRThe video, presented by Ace Linguistics, educates viewers on how consonant sounds are categorized based on voicing, place of articulation, and manner of articulation. It explains that consonants are divided into sounds like plosives, fricatives, and nasals, each defined by how the articulators interact. 'Plosive' refers to complete closure and sudden release, such as 't' or 'b'. 'Fricative' involves slight constriction allowing continuous airflow, like 'f' or 'v'. Voicing is a critical aspect, with voiced sounds causing vocal fold vibration. The video also highlights that the commonness of fricative sounds across languages makes them significant, as seen in how all fricative slots are filled in the universal consonant table. Unfilled or grayed cells depict sounds that are impossible or unattested. The layout reflects a universal account of potential human speech sounds.

収穫

  • 📚 Consonants are categorized by voicing, place, and manner of articulation.
  • 🔊 Plosive sounds involve complete closure and sudden release, like 't' and 'b'.
  • 💨 Fricative sounds allow continuous airflow through slight constriction, such as 'f' and 'v'.
  • 🎤 Voicing differentiates sounds within the same articulation cell – voiced sounds vibrate vocal folds.
  • 🌍 The discussed table applies universally, not to any specific language.
  • ✔️ Fricatives are the most common manner of articulation that fills all possible slots in the table.
  • 🔄 Voicing is shown on the table, with voiceless on the left and voiced on the right in each cell.
  • 🆓 Gray cells indicate sounds that humans cannot produce.
  • 🔍 Unique or uncommon sounds have unfilled or partially filled cells.
  • 🗣️ Nasal and trill sounds are less common in their possible articulations.

タイムライン

  • 00:00:00 - 00:09:21

    This video from Ace Linguistics begins by introducing the focus on consonants, describing how they are categorized based on voicing, place of articulation, and manner of articulation. The speaker explains that today's focus is on manner of articulation, listing the types such as plosive, nasal, trill, fricative, and others. The order of presentation in the consonant table reflects the degree of constriction between articulators, moving from plosives with complete closure to mannerisms with open articulation.

マインドマップ

Mind Map

よくある質問

  • What is the main focus of the video from Ace Linguistics?

    The video focuses on the classification of consonant sounds, including voicing, place of articulation, and manner of articulation.

  • What is 'manner of articulation'?

    Manner of articulation describes how the articulators are involved in producing a sound, ranging from total closure (plosives) to less constriction (fricatives).

  • What are plosive sounds?

    Plosive sounds involve complete closure with sudden release of airflow, like 't' or 'b'.

  • What are fricative sounds?

    Fricative sounds are produced with a narrow opening that causes friction, allowing continuous airflow, like 'f' or 'v'.

  • What role does voicing play in articulation?

    Voicing involves the vibration of vocal folds. Voiced sounds vibrate the vocal cords, whereas voiceless sounds do not.

  • Why are some cells in the consonant table gray?

    Gray cells represent sounds that are not humanly possible to produce.

  • Are all fricative cells filled in the consonant table?

    Yes, all fricative cells are filled, making fricative the most common manner of articulation across languages.

  • What distinguishes between two sounds in the same consonant cell?

    Two sounds in the same cell are distinguished by voicing; the left is voiceless and the right is voiced.

  • Do all manners of articulation have both voiced and voiceless sounds?

    No, some manners of articulation have only a voiced or voiceless variant.

  • What is unique about the table discussion in the video?

    The table is comprehensive and applies to all languages globally, not just one.

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  • 00:00:00
    [Music]
  • 00:00:09
    welcome to ace linguistics this channel
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    is about all things linguistic
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    discussing topics and phonetics
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    phonology morphology syntax semantics
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    and sociolinguistics so let's see what
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    we've got today
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    you
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    so we divided the sounds into two groups
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    consonants and vowels right and then we
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    try to focusing the consonants for the
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    time being for which we need to know
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    three features the first one is voicing
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    the second one is place of articulation
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    and this third one is manner of
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    articulation so today we are going to
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    focus on those a bit more okay for the
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    manner we have plosive nasal trill tap
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    or flap fricative lateral fricative
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    approximate latter approximate the order
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    of the manners of articulation in the
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    table of consonants it's significant the
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    order is meaningful in the sense that so
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    when you talk about manner of
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    articulation it means that to articulate
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    errs the passive and the active
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    articulator x' in what manner are they
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    involved with each other so if you have
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    to articulate errs they could be
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    touching each other in a very tight
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    manner and then totally closed and
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    suddenly letting out air through letting
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    air through which is the case for the
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    plosive sounds but as you go down the
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    column you get less and less
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    constriction
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    it means the to articulate errs are more
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    and more apart from each other
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    so the order of manners of articulation
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    in the column is from the most
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    constriction at the top to the least
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    constriction at the bottom so a plosive
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    sound like tah or bam means that the to
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    articulate errs which in this case are
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    the two lips totally constrict the air
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    they are totally blocking and suddenly
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    let the air through in applo savour
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    explosive manner it's like a sudden just
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    one moment but if you actually pay
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    attention to the way you say path you
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    would see that the total constriction
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    and the sudden release of
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    err that's why they call plosives but if
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    you look at that sound fur or van which
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    are called fricative which sounds like
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    friction the to articulate errs which is
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    the lower lip and the upper teeth they
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    are involved in a fricative manner it
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    means they have a friction but there is
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    a little opening that allows a
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    continuous outflow of the airstream so
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    that's why a fricative sound can be
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    continuously pronounced you can
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    continuously say or but you can't do
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    that for plosive sounds you can't
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    continuously say you can just say it in
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    a closest man er just one second if you
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    want to continuously say that you have
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    to produce different instances of cut so
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    there wouldn't be one sound or if you
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    look at the dental ones with those
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    symbols which you may not be familiar
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    with the one that looks like you Thera
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    which is a theta actually it indicates
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    the sound in thing like and then the
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    other one which is the sound in another
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    as in brother or father so they are also
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    fricatives it means that I can say
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    continuously I think it is continuously
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    an interesting observation about the
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    fricatives if you look at the fricative
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    row you see that all of the cells are
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    filled with sounds and in every cell you
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    get both possible symbols the both the
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    one on the left and the one on the right
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    there is no other row in the manner of
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    articulation that has all its cells full
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    but fricatives are it means it's the
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    most common manner of articulation and
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    of course this table of consonants is
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    not limited to any particular language
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    this is not about English or Spanish or
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    Russian or Persian or Turkish or
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    Japanese these sounds are all the
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    consonants in all the languages of the
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    world so it means that across languages
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    universally speaking for
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    kiff is the most common manner of
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    articulation now there is a question why
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    in every cell like if the sound fuh and
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    ver are both labia dental in terms of
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    place of articulation and if they are
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    free Kadhim in terms of manner of
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    articulation what is the difference
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    between the two how do we distinguish
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    between fur and
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    as I told you earlier to identify every
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    consonant you need to know three
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    features place of articulation manner of
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    articulation the third which I haven't
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    discussed is voicing so what is voicing
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    so for example if you look at the labial
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    dental fricatives
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    which is fun and ver they are both in
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    the same cell which means they have the
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    same place of articulation and manner of
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    articulation the difference and this is
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    true of all the cells if in any cell you
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    have two symbols the one to the left is
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    voiceless the one to the right is voiced
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    voicing means vibration of the vocal
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    folds if a sound is voiced like a varies
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    in this case while producing that do you
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    vibrate your vocal folds and if it's not
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    voiced you don't vibrate them you keep
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    them apart and you let air go through
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    there's no vibration so the difference
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    between fir and VII is that in fact you
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    don't vibrate your vocal folds and you
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    do if you look at this table again more
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    carefully you would notice that of all
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    the cells some cells are full with two
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    symbols one to the left one to the right
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    the one to the left is of course
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    voiceless the one to the right is voiced
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    some cells only have one symbol it's
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    mostly to the right like for example in
  • 00:07:09
    the case of ma it's to the right but
  • 00:07:12
    there is no symbol to the left it means
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    in this case you only have the voiced
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    version there is no voiceless version of
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    this sound
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    there's no voiceless bilabial trill or
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    vase voiceless bilabial nasal in the
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    case of the Glaros if you look at the GU
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    laurel plosive you only have a symbol to
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    the left it which means voiceless there
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    is no symbol to the right okay so it
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    means in this case you don't have the
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    voiced version and as you can also
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    you've already noticed and you might be
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    wondering why some cells are entirely or
  • 00:07:52
    partially gray so the cells that are
  • 00:07:55
    great they're not humanly possible to
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    pronounce so it means you cannot produce
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    a sound which is velar and trill at the
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    same time either voiceless or voiced in
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    two of the cells which is pharyngeal and
  • 00:08:10
    gallardo half of the cell is gray the
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    other half is not it means it is
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    possible to produce a voiceless velar
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    plosive but it's not possible to produce
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    a voiced velar elusive but in the case
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    of Ferengi Oh although the voiceless
  • 00:08:28
    version is possible there is no record
  • 00:08:31
    of it in any language and of course the
  • 00:08:35
    other blank cells or parts of cells
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    which are blank
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    they are possible to pronounce but there
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    is no record of them for example by
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    labial taps or flaps I mean no linguist
  • 00:08:49
    has encountered any of these sounds
  • 00:08:56
    [Music]
  • 00:09:00
    thanks for your time and attention see
  • 00:09:04
    you again
  • 00:09:05
    [Music]
タグ
  • Linguistics
  • Consonants
  • Phonetics
  • Articulation
  • Voicing
  • Plosive
  • Fricative
  • Vowels
  • Speech Sounds
  • Universal Phonetic Table