Introduction to Biotechnology | Don't Memorise

00:06:52
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RrTCjp2015M

概要

TLDRThe video explores the role of biotechnology in creating lactose-free products, wine, vaccines, and genetically modified organisms like Golden Rice. It explains how biotechnology utilizes organisms and biological processes to benefit humanity, with examples such as yeast in wine production, the recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, and the development of Golden Rice to address vitamin A deficiency. The advancements in biotechnology have significantly improved food safety and medical treatments, showcasing its wide-ranging applications.

収穫

  • 🧪 Biotechnology utilizes organisms for human benefit.
  • 🥛 Lactose-free products help those with lactose intolerance.
  • 🍷 Yeast is essential in wine production.
  • 💉 The hepatitis B vaccine is now recombinant and safer.
  • 🌾 Golden Rice is enriched with vitamin A to combat deficiency.
  • 🌍 Biotechnology has wide applications in food and medicine.
  • 🔬 Genetic modification helps improve staple crops.
  • 💡 Advances in biotechnology enhance food safety.
  • 🌱 Fermentation is a classical biotechnology process.
  • 📈 Biotechnology is crucial for modern health solutions.

タイムライン

  • 00:00:00 - 00:06:52

    The video discusses lactose-free products, which have gained popularity due to advancements in biotechnology. Lactose is a natural sugar in milk that some people cannot tolerate. Biotechnology utilizes organisms or biological processes for human benefit, exemplified by bread-making using yeast. Classical biotechnology includes fermentation processes that produce food, medicines, and hybrid crops. The video highlights various applications of biotechnology, including wine production, hepatitis B vaccine synthesis, and Golden Rice production, showcasing how organisms and processes can yield important products for humanity.

マインドマップ

ビデオQ&A

  • What is lactose intolerance?

    Lactose intolerance is a condition where individuals cannot properly digest lactose, a natural sugar found in milk.

  • What is biotechnology?

    Biotechnology is the utilization of organisms or biological processes for the benefit of mankind.

  • How is wine produced using biotechnology?

    Wine is produced by fermenting grape juice with yeast, which converts sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide.

  • What is the hepatitis B vaccine?

    The hepatitis B vaccine is a recombinant vaccine that protects against hepatitis B infection, developed using a part of the virus.

  • What is Golden Rice?

    Golden Rice is a genetically modified rice variety enriched with beta-carotene, which converts to vitamin A in the human body.

  • Why was Golden Rice developed?

    Golden Rice was developed to combat vitamin A deficiency in populations whose staple diet is rice.

  • What are GMOs?

    GMOs, or genetically modified organisms, are organisms whose genetic material has been altered for specific benefits.

  • What are some applications of biotechnology?

    Applications of biotechnology include food production, medicine, and the development of hybrid crops.

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  • 00:00:00
    [Music]
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    lactose-free
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    this is a comment tag which has
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    foundered many food packets these days
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    lactose as we know is a natural sugar
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    found in milk but why should we get rid
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    of lactose that's because many people
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    have a peculiar intolerance towards this
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    natural sugar
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    however lactose free products but not an
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    option until a few years back it's all
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    possible now due to the advancements in
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    the field of biotechnology that useful
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    products like lactose free consumables
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    and many more can be produced so what
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    exactly is biotechnology well it's
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    defined as the utilization of organisms
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    or a part of the organism or any
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    biological process for the benefit of
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    mankind for example we know how bread is
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    made the dough is added with the
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    organisms like yeast which help in
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    releasing certain chemicals the
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    reactions ultimately give us the soft
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    and fluffy loaf on baking here we've
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    used yeast organism to obtain the
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    product of our interest
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    so do we mean that bread making is a
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    part of biotechnology well kind of
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    processes like fermentation are
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    considered as a part of classical
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    biotechnology as they include the
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    utilization of organisms thus obtaining
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    products for human benefit like food
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    items medicines hybrid crops and so on
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    are all possible due to biotechnology
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    does there are numerous applications of
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    biotechnology now let's have a look at a
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    few examples to understand how wide the
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    field is let's also understand how an
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    organism or a part of it or some
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    processes can be used to harvest
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    important products for mankind
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    let's take examples of white production
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    hepatitis B vaccine synthesis and Golden
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    Rice production let's have a look at
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    each individually
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    now wine is usually made from the grapes
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    how can grapes which are fruits get
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    converted to a beverage like wine well
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    this is where the micro organism named
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    yeast comes into play it feeds on the
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    sugars present in the grape juice and
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    releases alcohol and carbon dioxide as
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    byproducts here a complete organism is
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    used for the processing of grape juice
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    and to convert it into wine this was the
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    first part of the definition the second
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    part of the definition states that a
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    part of the organism can be used so how
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    can that be done for this let's have a
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    look at the application of biotechnology
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    in the field of medicine well the
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    emergence of biotechnology has been
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    nothing less than a boon for the medical
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    industry everything ranging from
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    vaccines to gene therapy has raised the
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    standards of healthy living now let's
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    take hepatitis B vaccine as an example
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    this vaccine has a recombinant version
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    previously hepatitis B vaccine was
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    developed from the blood of the humans
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    who were already suffering from
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    hepatitis B but this was very painful
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    for the patients as the amount of blood
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    required for vaccine production was too
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    high so extracting some particular
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    amount of blood of the infected person
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    was very excruciating and as the vaccine
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    was derived directly from the patient's
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    body there could be negative reactions
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    in the receiving candidate with the
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    development of biotechnology newer
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    vaccines that are synthetic in nature
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    started getting produced on the similar
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    lines the commercially available
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    hepatitis B vaccine is now being
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    synthetically made by utilizing a small
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    part of the pathogenic virus it's also
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    known as recombinant hepatitis B vaccine
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    and studies have shown that getting
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    infected with hepatitis B is nearly
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    impossible
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    if a person is injected with recombinant
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    hepatitis B vaccine isn't this a miracle
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    it is equivalent this is also known as
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    the first anti-cancer vaccine and why so
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    because it's proven that the vaccine
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    helps in reducing the chances of
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    developing liver cancer this is one
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    example of how apart from any organism
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    can be used for product development
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    now that we've glanced at the two
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    examples of application of the
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    biotechnology let's move ahead to the
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    third one the last part of the
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    definition stated the use of a process
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    let's take the Golden Rice as a third
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    example is the rice made of gold
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    no absolutely not then why is it called
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    Golden Rice well the rice we usually see
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    is whitish in color
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    however the golden rice we're talking
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    about is a modified version which is
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    yellowish in color hence the name golden
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    rice but what makes this rice yellowish
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    and so important it's the presence of
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    beta-carotene in the rice and what is
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    that beta-carotene is a red orange
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    colored pigment which gets converted to
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    vitamin A in the human body we all know
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    the importance of this vitamin it is
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    most essential for the development and
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    maintenance of good vision the
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    deficiency of vitamin A causes vision
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    related issues and malnutrition
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    any idea why was only rice chosen for
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    modification that was because the staple
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    diet for a majority of the population in
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    the areas affected with vitamin A
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    deficiency was rice so to minimize the
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    deficiency this variety of rice was
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    developed the modification of rice was
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    done by exploiting a biological process
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    making it a classic example of
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    biotechnological achievements this
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    variety of rice falls under the category
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    of genetically modified organisms
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    abbreviated as GMOs and what exactly are
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    these G
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    most do watch our upcoming videos to
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    find that out till then subscribe to our
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    channel for some more amazing videos on
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    biotechnology happy learning
タグ
  • biotechnology
  • lactose-free
  • yeast
  • vaccines
  • Golden Rice
  • genetically modified organisms
  • food production
  • medicine
  • health
  • vitamin A