Master the Basics of Computer Networking in 25 MINS! CCNA Basics, Computer Networking, High Quality

00:27:02
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DYgRqIeuwVQ

概要

TLDRThe video explores the fundamentals of computer networking, detailing its significance and structure. It explains different types of networks, the OSI and TCP/IP models, and the various layers involved in data transmission. Key concepts such as IP addressing, subnetting, routing, switching, wireless networking, and network security are discussed. The video also highlights the importance of DNS, NAT, QoS, cloud networking, and the Internet of Things (IoT). Troubleshooting techniques and emerging trends in networking, such as 5G and quantum networking, are also covered, emphasizing the evolving nature of the field.

収穫

  • 🌐 Computer networks connect devices and people globally.
  • 📦 The OSI model has seven layers for data transmission.
  • 🔍 IP addresses are unique identifiers for devices.
  • 🔄 Subnetting improves network performance and security.
  • 🚦 Routers direct data packets across networks.
  • 📊 TCP is reliable; UDP is faster but less reliable.
  • 📱 IoT connects everyday objects to the internet.
  • 🔒 Network security protects data integrity and confidentiality.
  • ⚙️ QoS prioritizes critical network traffic.
  • 🚀 Emerging trends include 5G and quantum networking.

タイムライン

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    The video introduces the world of computer networking, emphasizing its importance in our daily lives. It explains how networks allow devices to share information and resources, ranging from small home networks to the vast internet. The audience is encouraged to subscribe for more insights into networking.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    The video delves into network models, specifically the OSI and TCP/IP models, which serve as blueprints for understanding data transmission. It outlines the seven layers of the OSI model and the four layers of the TCP/IP model, explaining how each layer has a specific function in the data transmission process.

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    The physical layer is discussed as the foundation of network communication, responsible for the actual physical connection between devices. It transmits raw bits over various mediums and defines specifications for cables and wireless technologies, highlighting key technologies like Ethernet and Wi-Fi.

  • 00:15:00 - 00:20:00

    The data link layer is explored next, focusing on how it organizes raw data into frames and ensures reliable delivery between directly connected devices. It emphasizes error detection and correction, flow control, and common protocols like Ethernet and Wi-Fi.

  • 00:20:00 - 00:27:02

    The network layer is examined for its role in routing data across complex networks. It assigns unique IP addresses to devices and breaks data into packets for efficient routing. The video also discusses the importance of routers and the Internet Protocol (IP) in this process.

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ビデオQ&A

  • What are the main types of computer networks?

    The main types of computer networks include Local Area Networks (LANs) and Wide Area Networks (WANs).

  • What is the OSI model?

    The OSI model is a framework that describes the layers involved in network communication, consisting of seven layers: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application.

  • What is the purpose of IP addresses?

    IP addresses are unique identifiers assigned to devices on a network, ensuring data reaches its intended destination.

  • What is subnetting?

    Subnetting is the practice of dividing a large network into smaller, manageable sub-networks to improve performance and security.

  • What is the role of routers in networking?

    Routers direct data packets across networks based on their destination IP addresses, maintaining routing tables to determine the best paths.

  • What is the difference between TCP and UDP?

    TCP is reliable and ensures data delivery, while UDP is faster but does not guarantee delivery.

  • What is the Internet of Things (IoT)?

    IoT refers to the network of physical devices embedded with electronics and software that collect and exchange data.

  • What is network security?

    Network security protects the integrity, confidentiality, and accessibility of computer networks and data.

  • What is Quality of Service (QoS)?

    QoS is a set of technologies that manage network traffic to ensure optimal performance for critical applications.

  • What are emerging trends in networking?

    Emerging trends include 5G networks, network automation, edge computing, and quantum networking.

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  • 00:00:00
    hey there internet explorers and digital
  • 00:00:02
    dreamers ready to unravel the mysteries
  • 00:00:05
    of the online World welcome to network
  • 00:00:07
    Nutters where Wi-Fi is life and
  • 00:00:10
    buffering is the enemy ever wondered how
  • 00:00:12
    your cat videos travel across the globe
  • 00:00:14
    faster than you can say
  • 00:00:16
    viral or why your Wi-Fi decides to take
  • 00:00:19
    a coffee break just when you're about to
  • 00:00:21
    win that online game well you're in for
  • 00:00:23
    a treat in the next few minutes we're
  • 00:00:26
    going to zoom through the wild world of
  • 00:00:27
    computer networking from IP addresses to
  • 00:00:30
    The Internet of Things we'll decode the
  • 00:00:32
    digital magic that keeps our modern
  • 00:00:34
    world spinning but before we dive in
  • 00:00:37
    don't forget to hit that subscribe
  • 00:00:38
    button trust me your future techsavvy
  • 00:00:41
    self will thank you plus it helps us
  • 00:00:43
    reach more curious minds like yours
  • 00:00:46
    ready to get this show on the
  • 00:00:47
    information Super Highway let's
  • 00:00:51
    go that was a fun start wasn't it now
  • 00:00:54
    let's get to the serious stuff Welcome
  • 00:00:57
    to our journey through the world of
  • 00:00:58
    computer networks in this slide we'll
  • 00:01:01
    explore the basics of what networks are
  • 00:01:03
    and why they're important computer
  • 00:01:05
    networks are systems that allow
  • 00:01:07
    computers to share information and
  • 00:01:09
    resources think of them like a group of
  • 00:01:11
    friends passing notes to each other
  • 00:01:14
    networks come in various sizes from
  • 00:01:16
    small home networks to the vast internet
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    that spans the globe we use networks
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    every day without realizing it when you
  • 00:01:23
    send an email browse a website or stream
  • 00:01:25
    a video you're using a network networks
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    make our Digital World possible possible
  • 00:01:30
    connecting devices and people across
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    vast distances there are different types
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    of networks each serving a specific
  • 00:01:37
    purpose local area networks lands
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    connect devices in a small area like
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    your home or office wide area networks
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    WS connect devices across larger
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    distances even between countries now
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    that we understand what networks are
  • 00:01:54
    let's dive deeper into how they're
  • 00:01:57
    structured in our previous slide we
  • 00:02:00
    learned what networks are now let's
  • 00:02:02
    explore how they're organized using
  • 00:02:04
    network models Network models are like
  • 00:02:06
    blueprints that show how different parts
  • 00:02:08
    of a network work together they help us
  • 00:02:11
    understand the complex process of data
  • 00:02:13
    transmission by breaking it down into
  • 00:02:15
    simpler steps or layers there are two
  • 00:02:17
    main Network models The OSI open systems
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    interconnection model and the TCP IP
  • 00:02:24
    model the OSI model has seven layers
  • 00:02:27
    while the TCP IP model has four each
  • 00:02:30
    layer in these models represents a
  • 00:02:32
    specific function in the data
  • 00:02:33
    transmission process think of these
  • 00:02:35
    layers like an assembly line in a
  • 00:02:37
    factory each station or layer has a
  • 00:02:40
    specific job to do before passing the
  • 00:02:42
    product or data to the next station this
  • 00:02:45
    organized approach helps in designing
  • 00:02:48
    troubleshooting and understanding
  • 00:02:49
    networks The OSI model's seven layers
  • 00:02:52
    are physical data link Network transport
  • 00:02:57
    session presentation and application the
  • 00:03:00
    TCP IP model simplifies this into four
  • 00:03:03
    layers network interface internet
  • 00:03:06
    transport and
  • 00:03:08
    application understanding these models
  • 00:03:10
    is crucial for anyone working with
  • 00:03:12
    networks now let's start our journey
  • 00:03:14
    through these layers beginning with the
  • 00:03:16
    physical
  • 00:03:18
    layer we've just learned about Network
  • 00:03:21
    models now let's zoom in on the
  • 00:03:23
    foundation of all network communication
  • 00:03:26
    the physical layer the physical layer is
  • 00:03:28
    the first layer in the OSI model it
  • 00:03:30
    deals with the actual physical
  • 00:03:32
    connection between devices this is where
  • 00:03:35
    electrical pulses light signals or radio
  • 00:03:38
    waves come into play when you plug an
  • 00:03:40
    ethernet cable into your computer or
  • 00:03:42
    connect to Wi-Fi you're interacting with
  • 00:03:44
    the physical layer it's responsible for
  • 00:03:46
    transmitting raw bits ones and zeros
  • 00:03:49
    from one device to another over a
  • 00:03:51
    physical medium this layer defines
  • 00:03:53
    specifications for cables network
  • 00:03:56
    interface cards and wireless
  • 00:03:58
    Technologies it handles aspects like
  • 00:04:00
    voltage levels data rates maximum
  • 00:04:03
    transmission distances and physical
  • 00:04:05
    connectors the physical layer doesn't
  • 00:04:08
    understand the meaning of the data it
  • 00:04:09
    transmits its job is simply to get the
  • 00:04:12
    raw data from one point to another
  • 00:04:14
    reliably it's like a delivery truck that
  • 00:04:16
    doesn't care what's in the packages it
  • 00:04:18
    carries key Technologies at this layer
  • 00:04:20
    include ethernet Wi-Fi Bluetooth and
  • 00:04:23
    fiber optics each of these has its own
  • 00:04:26
    set of standards for how data should be
  • 00:04:28
    physically transmitted now that we
  • 00:04:30
    understand how data is physically
  • 00:04:32
    transmitted let's move up to the next
  • 00:04:34
    layer to see how this raw data is
  • 00:04:35
    organized and checked for
  • 00:04:39
    errors we've seen how the physical layer
  • 00:04:41
    transmits raw data now let's explore how
  • 00:04:44
    the data link layer organizes and checks
  • 00:04:46
    this data the data link layer is the
  • 00:04:48
    second layer in the OSI model its main
  • 00:04:51
    job is to make sure data is delivered
  • 00:04:53
    reliably between two directly connected
  • 00:04:55
    devices it's like a careful postal
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    worker who ensures Packaging are
  • 00:05:00
    correctly addressed and undamaged this
  • 00:05:02
    layer takes the raw bits from the
  • 00:05:04
    physical layer and organizes them into
  • 00:05:06
    larger units called frames each frame
  • 00:05:09
    typically includes the senders and
  • 00:05:11
    receivers physical addresses Mac
  • 00:05:13
    addresses the data itself and error
  • 00:05:15
    checking information one of the key
  • 00:05:18
    functions of the data link layer is
  • 00:05:19
    error detection and correction it checks
  • 00:05:22
    if data has been corrupted during
  • 00:05:24
    transmission and can often correct minor
  • 00:05:26
    errors or request retransmission if
  • 00:05:28
    necessary the data link layer also
  • 00:05:31
    handles flow control ensuring that a
  • 00:05:33
    fast sender doesn't overwhelm a slow
  • 00:05:35
    receiver with too much data at once it's
  • 00:05:38
    like making sure you don't talk too fast
  • 00:05:40
    for your listener to understand common
  • 00:05:42
    protocols at this layer include ethernet
  • 00:05:44
    for Wired networks and Wi-Fi for
  • 00:05:46
    wireless networks these protocols Define
  • 00:05:49
    how devices should format data and take
  • 00:05:51
    turns using the network with data now
  • 00:05:54
    organized into frames and checked for
  • 00:05:55
    errors we're ready to move up to the
  • 00:05:57
    network layer where we'll learn how how
  • 00:05:59
    data Finds Its way through complex
  • 00:06:03
    networks we've seen how the data link
  • 00:06:05
    layer organizes data into frames now
  • 00:06:08
    let's explore how the network layer
  • 00:06:10
    helps these frames find their way across
  • 00:06:12
    complex networks the network layer is
  • 00:06:14
    the third layer in the OSI model its
  • 00:06:17
    primary function is routing determining
  • 00:06:20
    the best path for data to travel from
  • 00:06:22
    its source to its destination it's like
  • 00:06:24
    a GPS system for your data packets at
  • 00:06:27
    this layer each device is assigned a
  • 00:06:29
    unique unque logical address known as an
  • 00:06:31
    IP address these addresses are crucial
  • 00:06:34
    for routing data across different
  • 00:06:36
    networks when you send data to a website
  • 00:06:39
    it's the IP address that helps your data
  • 00:06:41
    find its way there the network layer
  • 00:06:43
    breaks data into smaller units called
  • 00:06:45
    packets each packet contains not just
  • 00:06:48
    the data but also the source and
  • 00:06:50
    destination IP addresses this allows
  • 00:06:52
    each packet to be routed independently
  • 00:06:55
    potentially taking different paths to
  • 00:06:57
    reach the same destination a key device
  • 00:06:59
    at this layer is the router routers use
  • 00:07:02
    complex algorithms to determine the best
  • 00:07:04
    path for each packet based on factors
  • 00:07:07
    like Network congestion and connection
  • 00:07:09
    speeds the most common protocol at this
  • 00:07:11
    layer is IP Internet Protocol there are
  • 00:07:15
    two versions in use ipv4 and IPv6 IPv6
  • 00:07:20
    was developed to address the shortage of
  • 00:07:22
    available ipv4 addresses as more devices
  • 00:07:25
    connect to the internet with our data
  • 00:07:27
    now packaged in address for its Journey
  • 00:07:29
    let's move up to the transport layer to
  • 00:07:31
    see how it ensures our data arrives
  • 00:07:33
    intact and in the right
  • 00:07:36
    order we've learned how the network
  • 00:07:38
    layer routes our data now let's see how
  • 00:07:40
    the transport layer ensures this data
  • 00:07:42
    arrives correctly and in order the
  • 00:07:45
    transport layer is the fourth layer of
  • 00:07:47
    the OSI model its main job is to provide
  • 00:07:50
    reliable data transfer services to the
  • 00:07:52
    upper layers think of it as a shipping
  • 00:07:54
    company that handles the logistics of
  • 00:07:56
    your data delivery this layer breaks
  • 00:07:58
    large me messages into smaller segments
  • 00:08:01
    which are easier to transmit and manage
  • 00:08:03
    it also handles reassembly of these
  • 00:08:05
    segments at the destination ensuring
  • 00:08:08
    they're put back together in the correct
  • 00:08:09
    order there are two main protocols at
  • 00:08:12
    this layer TCP transmission control
  • 00:08:15
    protocol and UDP user datagram protocol
  • 00:08:19
    TCP is like sending a package with
  • 00:08:21
    tracking and delivery confirmation it's
  • 00:08:24
    reliable but slower UDP is like regular
  • 00:08:27
    mail faster but with no guarantees TCP
  • 00:08:30
    provides features like error checking
  • 00:08:32
    acknowledgement of received data and
  • 00:08:34
    retransmission of lost data it's used
  • 00:08:37
    for applications where accuracy is
  • 00:08:39
    crucial like web browsing or file
  • 00:08:41
    transfers UDP on the other hand is
  • 00:08:44
    simpler and faster but less reliable
  • 00:08:46
    it's used for applications where speed
  • 00:08:48
    is more important than perfect accuracy
  • 00:08:51
    like online gaming or streaming video
  • 00:08:53
    the transport layer also handles flow
  • 00:08:55
    control ensuring that a fast sender
  • 00:08:58
    doesn't overwhelm a slow receiver with
  • 00:09:00
    too much data at once it's like making
  • 00:09:02
    sure a conversation is at a pace both
  • 00:09:04
    parties can handle with our data now
  • 00:09:07
    segmented ordered and ready for reliable
  • 00:09:09
    transmission let's move up to the
  • 00:09:11
    application layer to see how our
  • 00:09:13
    everyday apps interact with the
  • 00:09:16
    network we've seen how lower layers
  • 00:09:18
    handle the nitty-gritty of data
  • 00:09:20
    transmission now let's explore the
  • 00:09:22
    application layer where our everyday
  • 00:09:25
    apps interact with the network the
  • 00:09:27
    application layer is the topmost layer
  • 00:09:29
    in both the OSI and TCP IP models it's
  • 00:09:32
    the layer closest to the end user
  • 00:09:35
    providing Network Services directly to
  • 00:09:37
    Applications think of it as the user
  • 00:09:39
    interface of our networking system this
  • 00:09:42
    layer defines protocols and rules for
  • 00:09:44
    how applications should communicate
  • 00:09:47
    common protocols include HTTP for web
  • 00:09:49
    browsing SMTP for sending emails FTP for
  • 00:09:53
    file transfers and DNS for translating
  • 00:09:56
    domain names to IP addresses when you
  • 00:09:58
    open a web browser browser and type in a
  • 00:10:00
    URL you're interacting with the
  • 00:10:02
    application layer it takes your request
  • 00:10:04
    formats it according to the HTTP
  • 00:10:07
    protocol and sends it down through the
  • 00:10:09
    other layers for transmission the
  • 00:10:11
    application layer also handles things
  • 00:10:13
    like data formatting encryption and
  • 00:10:15
    session management for example when you
  • 00:10:18
    log into a website the application layer
  • 00:10:20
    manages your session to keep you logged
  • 00:10:22
    in as you navigate different pages it's
  • 00:10:25
    important to note that the application
  • 00:10:27
    layer in the network model is not the
  • 00:10:28
    same as as the applications themselves
  • 00:10:31
    rather it provides services that
  • 00:10:33
    applications can use to access the
  • 00:10:35
    network some other important protocols
  • 00:10:37
    at this layer include SSH for secure
  • 00:10:39
    remote access DHCP for automatic IP
  • 00:10:43
    address assignment and pop 3 and iMap
  • 00:10:45
    for receiving emails now that we
  • 00:10:48
    understand how data moves through the
  • 00:10:49
    network layers let's take a closer look
  • 00:10:51
    at how devices are identified on a
  • 00:10:53
    network with IP
  • 00:10:56
    addressing we've explored the layers of
  • 00:10:59
    network communication now let's focus on
  • 00:11:02
    how devices are identified on a network
  • 00:11:04
    using IP addressing IP Internet Protocol
  • 00:11:08
    addresses are unique identifiers
  • 00:11:10
    assigned to each device on a network
  • 00:11:12
    they work like postal addresses for
  • 00:11:14
    computers ensuring data reaches its
  • 00:11:16
    intended destination there are two
  • 00:11:19
    versions of Ip in use today ipv4 and
  • 00:11:22
    IPv6 ipv4 addresses are 32-bit numbers
  • 00:11:26
    usually written as four numbers
  • 00:11:27
    separated by dots like 1 192 168 uh 1
  • 00:11:33
    IPv6 addresses are 128 bit numbers
  • 00:11:36
    written in hexad decimal like example
  • 00:11:39
    given in the slide ipv4 is still widely
  • 00:11:42
    used but with the growing number of
  • 00:11:44
    Internet connected devices we're running
  • 00:11:46
    out of available addresses that's why
  • 00:11:49
    IPv6 was developed offering a vastly
  • 00:11:52
    larger address space IP addresses can be
  • 00:11:55
    static permanently assigned or dynamic
  • 00:11:58
    temporarily assigned by a DHCP server
  • 00:12:01
    most home devices use Dynamic IP
  • 00:12:03
    addresses while servers often use static
  • 00:12:06
    IPS IP addresses are divided into
  • 00:12:09
    classes a b CDE based on their first few
  • 00:12:13
    bits this classification helps an
  • 00:12:15
    efficient routing and address allocation
  • 00:12:18
    there are also special types of IP
  • 00:12:20
    addresses private IP addresses are used
  • 00:12:22
    within local networks and can't be
  • 00:12:25
    accessed directly from the internet
  • 00:12:27
    public IP addresses are global unique
  • 00:12:30
    and used for internet facing devices
  • 00:12:33
    understanding IP addressing is crucial
  • 00:12:34
    for network configuration and
  • 00:12:36
    troubleshooting it's the foundation of
  • 00:12:38
    how devices find each other on the vast
  • 00:12:41
    Network that is the internet now that we
  • 00:12:43
    know how devices are addressed let's
  • 00:12:45
    look at how large networks are divided
  • 00:12:47
    into smaller manageable Parts through
  • 00:12:51
    subnetting we've learned about IP
  • 00:12:53
    addressing now let's explore how large
  • 00:12:56
    networks are divided into smaller
  • 00:12:58
    manageable Parts through subnetting
  • 00:13:00
    subnetting is the practice of dividing a
  • 00:13:02
    large Network into smaller subnetworks
  • 00:13:05
    or subnets it's like dividing a large
  • 00:13:07
    office building into smaller departments
  • 00:13:09
    for better organization and management
  • 00:13:12
    the main reasons for subnetting include
  • 00:13:14
    improved Network performance enhanced
  • 00:13:16
    security and more efficient use of IP
  • 00:13:19
    addresses by creating smaller Network
  • 00:13:21
    segments we can reduce traffic
  • 00:13:23
    congestion and isolate potential
  • 00:13:25
    security threats subnetting works by
  • 00:13:28
    borrowing bits from the host portion of
  • 00:13:30
    an IP address to create additional
  • 00:13:32
    Network bits this is done using a subnet
  • 00:13:35
    mask which determines which part of an
  • 00:13:37
    IP address identifies the network and
  • 00:13:40
    which part identifies the host Network
  • 00:13:43
    administrators use subnetting to
  • 00:13:44
    optimize Network design improve security
  • 00:13:47
    by segregating sensitive parts of the
  • 00:13:49
    network and make more efficient use of
  • 00:13:51
    limited IP address space understanding
  • 00:13:54
    subnetting is crucial for anyone working
  • 00:13:56
    with networks especially when configur
  • 00:13:59
    ing routers and Planning Network
  • 00:14:00
    expansions now that we've seen how
  • 00:14:02
    networks are divided let's explore how
  • 00:14:05
    data Finds Its way through these complex
  • 00:14:07
    Network structures through
  • 00:14:10
    routing we've learned about subnetting
  • 00:14:13
    now let's explore how data navigates
  • 00:14:15
    through these complex Network structures
  • 00:14:17
    through routing routing is the process
  • 00:14:19
    of selecting paths for data to travel
  • 00:14:21
    across a network it's like a GPS system
  • 00:14:24
    for your data packets guiding them from
  • 00:14:27
    their source to their destination
  • 00:14:28
    through the most efficient path at the
  • 00:14:30
    heart of routing are devices called
  • 00:14:32
    routers routers are like traffic cops at
  • 00:14:35
    intersections directing data packets
  • 00:14:37
    based on their destination IP addresses
  • 00:14:40
    they maintain routing tables that list
  • 00:14:42
    available paths to different network
  • 00:14:44
    destinations there are two main types of
  • 00:14:46
    routing static and dynamic static
  • 00:14:49
    routing involves manually configuring
  • 00:14:51
    routes which is suitable for small
  • 00:14:54
    unchanging networks Dynamic routing on
  • 00:14:56
    the other hand allows routers to aut
  • 00:14:59
    automatically adjust to network changes
  • 00:15:01
    Dynamic routing protocols like rip
  • 00:15:04
    routing information protocol OPF open
  • 00:15:07
    shortest path first and bgp Border
  • 00:15:10
    Gateway protocol allow routers to share
  • 00:15:12
    information about Network topology and
  • 00:15:15
    select the best routes routers make
  • 00:15:17
    routing decisions based on various
  • 00:15:19
    factors including the number of hops
  • 00:15:21
    intermediate devices to the destination
  • 00:15:24
    line speed and network congestion the
  • 00:15:27
    goal is to find the most efficient path
  • 00:15:29
    which isn't always the most direct one
  • 00:15:32
    internet routing is particularly complex
  • 00:15:34
    involving multiple autonomous systems as
  • 00:15:38
    networks under a single Administration
  • 00:15:40
    bgp is used for routing between these
  • 00:15:42
    systems forming the backbone of internet
  • 00:15:46
    communication understanding routing is
  • 00:15:48
    crucial for Network design and
  • 00:15:49
    troubleshooting it's what makes it
  • 00:15:51
    possible for data to find its way across
  • 00:15:53
    the vast interconnected landscape of the
  • 00:15:56
    internet now that we know how data is
  • 00:15:58
    routed it let's look at how it's managed
  • 00:16:01
    within local networks through switching
  • 00:16:02
    and
  • 00:16:05
    vs we've explored how routing guides
  • 00:16:07
    data across networks now let's focus on
  • 00:16:10
    how data is managed within local
  • 00:16:12
    networks through switching and vs
  • 00:16:14
    switches are crucial devices in local
  • 00:16:16
    area networks lands unlike hubs that
  • 00:16:20
    broadcast data to all connected devices
  • 00:16:22
    switches intelligently direct data only
  • 00:16:25
    to its intended destination they do this
  • 00:16:27
    by learning and maintaining a table of
  • 00:16:29
    Mac addresses associated with each of
  • 00:16:32
    their ports when a switch receives a
  • 00:16:34
    data frame it looks at the destination
  • 00:16:36
    Mac address and forwards the frame only
  • 00:16:38
    to the port where that device is
  • 00:16:40
    connected this reduces Network traffic
  • 00:16:43
    and improves overall Network performance
  • 00:16:45
    switches operate at the data link layer
  • 00:16:47
    of the OSI model making forwarding
  • 00:16:50
    decisions based on Mac addresses rather
  • 00:16:52
    than IP addresses this makes them faster
  • 00:16:55
    and more efficient for local network
  • 00:16:57
    traffic than routers lanss or virtual
  • 00:16:59
    local area networks are a way to
  • 00:17:02
    logically segment a network without
  • 00:17:04
    changing its physical structure they
  • 00:17:06
    allow Network administrators to group
  • 00:17:08
    devices together as if they were on
  • 00:17:10
    separate physical networks even if
  • 00:17:12
    they're connected to the same switch V
  • 00:17:15
    offer several benefits improved security
  • 00:17:18
    by isolating sensitive parts of the
  • 00:17:19
    network better performance by reducing
  • 00:17:22
    unnecessary traffic between Network
  • 00:17:24
    segments more flexible Network design as
  • 00:17:28
    devices can be grouped logically rather
  • 00:17:30
    than by physical location switches that
  • 00:17:32
    support vs can tag frames with vaan IDs
  • 00:17:36
    allowing them to keep traffic from
  • 00:17:37
    different vs separate even when it's
  • 00:17:40
    traveling over the same physical links
  • 00:17:42
    understanding switching in vs is crucial
  • 00:17:44
    for Designing efficient and secure local
  • 00:17:47
    networks they form the backbone of most
  • 00:17:49
    Enterprise Network infrastructures now
  • 00:17:52
    that we've covered wired networking
  • 00:17:54
    Concepts let's move on to explore the
  • 00:17:56
    World of Wireless networking
  • 00:18:00
    we've discussed wired networking now
  • 00:18:03
    let's explore Wireless networking which
  • 00:18:05
    has revolutionized how we connect
  • 00:18:06
    devices Wireless networking allows
  • 00:18:09
    devices to communicate without physical
  • 00:18:11
    cable connections the most common form
  • 00:18:14
    is Wi-Fi which uses radio waves to
  • 00:18:16
    transmit data Wi-Fi operates on 2.4 GHz
  • 00:18:20
    and 5 GHz frequency bands standards like
  • 00:18:24
    802.11n 802.11 AC and Wi-Fi defined
  • 00:18:29
    speeds and features other Wireless
  • 00:18:31
    Technologies include Bluetooth for
  • 00:18:33
    short- range communication and cellular
  • 00:18:35
    networks 3G 4G 5G for mobile devices
  • 00:18:40
    security is crucial in wireless networks
  • 00:18:43
    with protocols like WPA2 wpa3 encrypting
  • 00:18:47
    data to prevent unauthorized access now
  • 00:18:50
    let's explore how we keep these networks
  • 00:18:52
    safe with network
  • 00:18:55
    security as we've explored networking
  • 00:18:58
    it's crucial to discuss how we keep
  • 00:18:59
    these networks safe network security
  • 00:19:02
    protects the Integrity confidentiality
  • 00:19:05
    and accessibility of computer networks
  • 00:19:07
    and data key security measures include
  • 00:19:11
    firewalls Monitor and control Network
  • 00:19:13
    traffic encryption scrambles data for
  • 00:19:16
    secure transmission virtual private
  • 00:19:19
    networks vpns create secure connections
  • 00:19:22
    over public networks intrusion detection
  • 00:19:25
    SL prevention systems monitor for and
  • 00:19:28
    block suspicious activity regular
  • 00:19:30
    security audits software updates and
  • 00:19:33
    user education are also crucial
  • 00:19:35
    components as threats evolve network
  • 00:19:38
    security remains an everchanging field
  • 00:19:41
    now let's explore how we Translate
  • 00:19:43
    website names into IP addresses with
  • 00:19:47
    DNS we've learned about securing
  • 00:19:49
    networks now let's explore the domain
  • 00:19:52
    name system DNS DNS translates human
  • 00:19:56
    readable domain names like ww w.
  • 00:19:59
    example.com into IP addresses that
  • 00:20:02
    computers use the DNS system is
  • 00:20:05
    hierarchical with root servers at the
  • 00:20:07
    top followed by top level domain servers
  • 00:20:10
    doc.org Etc then authoritative name
  • 00:20:13
    servers for specific domains when you
  • 00:20:16
    type a URL your computer checks its
  • 00:20:18
    local DNS cache then queries a DNS
  • 00:20:21
    resolver if needed DNS uses various
  • 00:20:23
    record types including a records ipv4
  • 00:20:27
    four times a records IP TV6 and MX
  • 00:20:30
    records mail servers now let's see how
  • 00:20:33
    multiple devices can share a single
  • 00:20:35
    public IP address through
  • 00:20:38
    Nat Network address translation or Nat
  • 00:20:42
    is a crucial technology that allows
  • 00:20:44
    multiple devices to share a single
  • 00:20:46
    public IP address it works by modifying
  • 00:20:49
    Network address information in the IP
  • 00:20:51
    header of packets as they pass through a
  • 00:20:53
    router there are different types of nat
  • 00:20:56
    including static Nat which Maps private
  • 00:20:58
    private IPS to public IPS 1:1 Dynamic n
  • 00:21:02
    which uses a pool of public IPS and port
  • 00:21:05
    address translation which Maps multiple
  • 00:21:07
    private IPS to a single public IP using
  • 00:21:10
    different ports net not only helps
  • 00:21:12
    conserve ipv4 addresses but also adds a
  • 00:21:15
    layer of security by hiding internal
  • 00:21:17
    Network details this technology has been
  • 00:21:20
    instrumental in extending the lifespan
  • 00:21:22
    of ipv for
  • 00:21:25
    addressing now let's explore how Network
  • 00:21:28
    prior PR ize different types of traffic
  • 00:21:30
    with quality of service quality of
  • 00:21:32
    service or qos is a set of technologies
  • 00:21:35
    that work to manage Network traffic and
  • 00:21:37
    ensure Optimal Performance for critical
  • 00:21:40
    applications it becomes especially
  • 00:21:42
    important when network capacity is
  • 00:21:44
    limited qos looks at several key
  • 00:21:46
    parameters including bandwidth the
  • 00:21:48
    maximum rate of data transfer latency
  • 00:21:51
    the delay before data transfer begins
  • 00:21:54
    Jitter variation in packet delay and
  • 00:21:56
    packet loss data that fails to reach its
  • 00:21:59
    destination Network administrators use
  • 00:22:01
    various qos techniques such as traffic
  • 00:22:04
    shaping packet scheduling and congestion
  • 00:22:06
    management to prioritize certain types
  • 00:22:08
    of data over others for instance in a
  • 00:22:11
    corporate Network video conferencing
  • 00:22:13
    data might be given priority over file
  • 00:22:15
    downloads to ensure smooth communication
  • 00:22:18
    qos is crucial for applications like
  • 00:22:21
    online gaming or streaming services that
  • 00:22:23
    require consistent Network
  • 00:22:27
    performance now let's look at how
  • 00:22:29
    networking extends Beyond physical
  • 00:22:31
    infrastructure with Cloud networking
  • 00:22:33
    Cloud networking represents a shift in
  • 00:22:35
    how we think about an Implement network
  • 00:22:37
    resources instead of owning and
  • 00:22:39
    maintaining physical Network
  • 00:22:41
    infrastructure organizations can now
  • 00:22:43
    host some or all of their Network
  • 00:22:45
    capabilities in Cloud platforms this
  • 00:22:47
    approach offers several service models
  • 00:22:50
    including infrastructure as a service
  • 00:22:52
    platform as a service and software as a
  • 00:22:54
    service Cloud networking brings benefits
  • 00:22:57
    like scalability allowing easy
  • 00:22:59
    adjustment of resources as needs change
  • 00:23:02
    cost Effectiveness through pay as youo
  • 00:23:03
    models and reduced maintenance as the
  • 00:23:06
    cloud provider handles much of the
  • 00:23:07
    upkeep key Concepts in Cloud networking
  • 00:23:10
    include virtualization where physical
  • 00:23:12
    resources are abstracted into virtual
  • 00:23:14
    ones softwar defin networking for more
  • 00:23:17
    flexible Network control and network
  • 00:23:19
    function virtualization which turns
  • 00:23:22
    Network functions into software that can
  • 00:23:24
    run on standard
  • 00:23:27
    Hardware now let's let's explore how
  • 00:23:29
    everyday objects are becoming part of
  • 00:23:31
    networks in The Internet of Things The
  • 00:23:33
    Internet of Things or iot represents a
  • 00:23:36
    significant expansion of networking
  • 00:23:38
    Concepts to everyday objects iot refers
  • 00:23:41
    to the network of physical devices
  • 00:23:43
    embedded with electronics software and
  • 00:23:45
    network connectivity allowing them to
  • 00:23:48
    collect and exchange data these can
  • 00:23:50
    range from simple sensors to complex
  • 00:23:52
    machines including items like smart home
  • 00:23:54
    devices wearable fitness trackers or
  • 00:23:57
    connected cars iot networks face unique
  • 00:24:00
    challenges including managing power
  • 00:24:02
    consumption for battery operated devices
  • 00:24:05
    ensuring security across billions of
  • 00:24:07
    connected devices and maintaining
  • 00:24:09
    interoperability between devices from
  • 00:24:11
    different manufacturers to address these
  • 00:24:14
    challenges specialized protocols like
  • 00:24:16
    mqtt and coap have been developed the
  • 00:24:19
    iot is driving Innovation across various
  • 00:24:21
    fields from Smart cities and agriculture
  • 00:24:24
    to healthcare and Manufacturing opening
  • 00:24:26
    up new possibilities for data collection
  • 00:24:29
    and Analysis if you are able to master
  • 00:24:31
    Cloud networking or iot you are most
  • 00:24:34
    likely to earn significantly more as
  • 00:24:35
    these are specialized Fields with very
  • 00:24:37
    few professionals and there is huge
  • 00:24:39
    demand in the
  • 00:24:41
    market now let's look at how we solve
  • 00:24:44
    problems when things go wrong with
  • 00:24:45
    network troubleshooting Network
  • 00:24:47
    troubleshooting is the process of
  • 00:24:49
    identifying locating and resolving
  • 00:24:51
    problems within a network it's a
  • 00:24:53
    critical skill for Network
  • 00:24:55
    administrators and involves a systematic
  • 00:24:57
    approach to problem solving common tools
  • 00:25:00
    used in troubleshooting include ping for
  • 00:25:02
    testing connectivity Trace rot for
  • 00:25:04
    showing the path data takes through the
  • 00:25:06
    network net stat for displaying network
  • 00:25:08
    connections and wire shark for detailed
  • 00:25:10
    analysis of network traffic the
  • 00:25:12
    troubleshooting process typically
  • 00:25:14
    involves steps like identifying the
  • 00:25:16
    problem establishing and testing
  • 00:25:18
    theories about the cause implementing
  • 00:25:20
    Solutions and documenting the process
  • 00:25:23
    for future reference as networks become
  • 00:25:25
    more complex automated troubleshooting
  • 00:25:28
    tools tools employing artificial
  • 00:25:29
    intelligence and machine learning are
  • 00:25:31
    becoming increasingly common helping to
  • 00:25:33
    predict and prevent issues before they
  • 00:25:35
    cause significant
  • 00:25:39
    disruptions finally let's look towards
  • 00:25:41
    the future and explore emerging Trends
  • 00:25:43
    in networking the field of networking is
  • 00:25:46
    continuously evolving with several
  • 00:25:48
    exciting Trends shaping its future the
  • 00:25:51
    roll out of 5G networks promises faster
  • 00:25:53
    speeds and lower latency Paving the way
  • 00:25:56
    for new applications in areas like a
  • 00:25:58
    autonomous vehicles and augmented
  • 00:26:00
    reality Network Automation and
  • 00:26:02
    artificial intelligence are making
  • 00:26:04
    networks more self-managing and
  • 00:26:06
    efficient intent-based networking is
  • 00:26:08
    emerging as a new paradigm where
  • 00:26:10
    networks can configure themselves based
  • 00:26:12
    on the desired outcomes specified by
  • 00:26:15
    administrators Edge Computing is gaining
  • 00:26:17
    prominence bringing data processing
  • 00:26:19
    closer to where it's generated to reduce
  • 00:26:21
    latency and bandwidth use Technologies
  • 00:26:24
    like Network function virtualization and
  • 00:26:26
    softwar defined networking are making
  • 00:26:29
    networks more flexible and easier to
  • 00:26:31
    manage looking further ahead Quantum
  • 00:26:34
    networking holds the promise of ultra
  • 00:26:36
    secure communication as our world
  • 00:26:38
    becomes increasingly connected these
  • 00:26:40
    networking technologies will play a
  • 00:26:42
    crucial role in shaping our digital
  • 00:26:44
    future enabling new Innovations and
  • 00:26:46
    transforming how we interact with the
  • 00:26:48
    world around us this concludes our
  • 00:26:50
    journey through the basics of computer
  • 00:26:52
    networking remember this field is vast
  • 00:26:55
    and constantly evolving so keep learning
  • 00:26:58
    and and exploring and don't forget to
  • 00:27:00
    like share and subscribe
タグ
  • computer networking
  • OSI model
  • TCP/IP model
  • IP addressing
  • subnetting
  • routing
  • switching
  • wireless networking
  • network security
  • Internet of Things