What is Fail Open, Fail Closed and Fail Lock in Control Valve Failure Mode

00:05:10
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qcE-ssXtRyc

概要

TLDRThis video from Hard Hat Engineer explains the three failure modes of control valves: fail open, fail close, and fail lock. Control valves, which consist of a valve and an actuator, control pressure, flow, and temperature using external energy sources like air, electricity, or hydraulic fluid. The failure mode dictates the position of the valve if this energy is lost. - **Fail Open**: If power or control signal is lost, the valve moves to the fully open position. This is crucial for systems needing continuous flow, such as cooling systems. - **Fail Close**: In the event of power or signal failure, the valve moves to the fully closed position. This mode is essential for stopping flow in systems like fuel supply to heaters. - **Fail Lock**: The valve stays in its last position upon losing power or signal, often used when neither fully open nor closed positions are safe. This mode requires additional components like a positioner with lockup valves. The video emphasizes the importance of these modes in ensuring process safety and equipment protection, illustrating their applications through P&ID diagrams.

収穫

  • 🔧 Control valves have two main components: valve and actuator.
  • 🔌 Failure modes occur when external energy sources are cut off.
  • 🚪 Fail Open mode ensures continuous flow during power loss.
  • 🔒 Fail Close mode stops flow to prevent hazards during failure.
  • ⛔ Fail Lock mode maintains the last known valve position during failure.
  • 🔍 P&ID diagrams help in understanding valve positions during failures.
  • 🔥 Fail Close is essential for fuel supply systems.
  • ❄️ Fail Open is crucial for systems requiring continuous flow, like cooling.
  • 🔐 Fail Lock requires additional components like lockup valves.
  • 🧠 Understanding failure modes is key to ensuring safety and efficiency.

タイムライン

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:10

    In this video, viewers will gain an understanding of control valves' three failure modes: fail open, fail close, and fail lock, which are vital for process safety and efficiency. Control valves, comprising a valve and actuator, regulate pressure, flow, and temperature using external energy. If this energy is lost, the valve's failure mode determines its position to ensure safety and prevent damage. The video starts by explaining 'fail open', where the valve defaults to open if power or signals are lost, beneficial in cooling systems. It then covers 'fail close', where the valve closes in power/signal loss situations, crucial for stopping hazardous flow. Finally, it discusses 'fail lock', where the valve maintains its last position amid power/signal loss, useful when neither opening nor closing is ideal during failures. P&ID symbols depict these modes, ensuring clear communication in system designs.

マインドマップ

Mind Map

ビデオQ&A

  • What are the main components of a control valve?

    A control valve consists of the valve itself and the actuator.

  • What is the purpose of failure modes in control valves?

    Failure modes maintain safety and prevent equipment damage when there's a loss of power or signal.

  • What happens in fail open mode?

    The valve moves to a fully open position upon losing power or control signal.

  • When is fail close mode used?

    Fail close mode is used in systems where stopping flow is critical, such as in fuel supplies to heaters.

  • What is fail lock mode?

    In fail lock mode, the valve stays in its last position upon losing power or signal.

  • Are additional components required for fail lock mode?

    Yes, fail lock mode typically requires components like a positioner with lock-up valves.

  • Why is understanding these modes important?

    Understanding these modes is crucial for ensuring process safety and equipment efficiency.

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  • 00:00:05
    Welcome to Hard Hat engineer in this
  • 00:00:08
    video you will learn about fail open
  • 00:00:11
    fail close and fail lock in control
  • 00:00:13
    valves by the end of this video you'll
  • 00:00:17
    have a clear understanding of these
  • 00:00:19
    three failure modes how they work and
  • 00:00:22
    where they are used understanding these
  • 00:00:24
    modes is crucial for ensuring process
  • 00:00:27
    safety and the efficiency of your plant
  • 00:00:30
    please like and share this video and
  • 00:00:32
    click the Subscribe button so you don't
  • 00:00:34
    miss the next video got a video Topic in
  • 00:00:37
    mind drop it in the comments below so
  • 00:00:40
    let's get started a control valve has
  • 00:00:43
    two main components the valve itself and
  • 00:00:46
    the actuator here you can see these
  • 00:00:49
    components together they provide
  • 00:00:51
    necessary control over pressure flow and
  • 00:00:54
    temperature control valves operate using
  • 00:00:58
    external energy sources such as air
  • 00:01:01
    electricity or hydraulic fluid now think
  • 00:01:05
    about what will happen if this energy is
  • 00:01:07
    cut off this situation is known as the
  • 00:01:10
    failure mode of the control valve in
  • 00:01:13
    simple terms it's the position a control
  • 00:01:16
    valve takes when there's a loss of
  • 00:01:19
    signal or power the purpose of these
  • 00:01:21
    failure modes is to maintain safety and
  • 00:01:25
    prevent damage to equipment when
  • 00:01:27
    something goes wrong first let's talk
  • 00:01:30
    about the fail open mode in this
  • 00:01:33
    scenario if the valve loses power or the
  • 00:01:36
    control signal it will automatically
  • 00:01:39
    move to the fully open position look at
  • 00:01:42
    this image it shows a direct acting
  • 00:01:45
    actuator with a direct acting valve in
  • 00:01:48
    this setup the spring force keeps the
  • 00:01:51
    valve open all the time when you Supply
  • 00:01:54
    Air it pushes the spring and closes the
  • 00:01:57
    valve so when there is a l of signal or
  • 00:02:01
    power the spring will return to its
  • 00:02:03
    original position and open the valve
  • 00:02:06
    this type of valve is used when it's
  • 00:02:09
    essential to maintain fluid flow in the
  • 00:02:11
    event of a power failure such as in
  • 00:02:14
    cooling systems you can also see the p
  • 00:02:17
    and id symbol for this type of control
  • 00:02:20
    in the image next is the fail close mode
  • 00:02:24
    in this case if the valve loses power or
  • 00:02:27
    the control signal it will auto aut
  • 00:02:30
    atically move to the fully closed
  • 00:02:32
    position look at this image it shows a
  • 00:02:35
    reverse acting actuator with a direct
  • 00:02:38
    acting valve in this setup the spring
  • 00:02:41
    force keeps the valve closed this is a
  • 00:02:44
    different type of actuator compared to
  • 00:02:46
    the one in the fail open slide you can
  • 00:02:49
    see the p and id symbol for this type of
  • 00:02:52
    control in the image the letters below
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    the valve indicate its position during
  • 00:02:58
    power or signal failure
  • 00:03:00
    here when you Supply Air it pushes the
  • 00:03:03
    spring and opens the valve so when there
  • 00:03:06
    is a loss of signal or power the spring
  • 00:03:09
    will push the stem and close the valve
  • 00:03:12
    this type of valve is used when it's
  • 00:03:14
    critical to stop the flow in the event
  • 00:03:16
    of system failure such as in fuel supply
  • 00:03:19
    to heaters or hazardous liquid Control
  • 00:03:22
    Systems if you want to learn about
  • 00:03:24
    operation and design of control valves
  • 00:03:26
    actuators and positioners you can check
  • 00:03:29
    my full course it is extremely
  • 00:03:31
    affordable with lifetime access and
  • 00:03:34
    comes with a 30 days no question asked
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    money back guarantee so don't forget to
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    check the link is given in the
  • 00:03:41
    description finally let's talk about the
  • 00:03:44
    fail lock mode in this case when the
  • 00:03:47
    valve loses power or signal it stays in
  • 00:03:50
    its last position whether open closed or
  • 00:03:54
    somewhere in between this mode is not
  • 00:03:56
    shown in the image because it typically
  • 00:03:59
    requires additional components like a
  • 00:04:02
    positioner with lock up valves to
  • 00:04:04
    maintain the valves position fail lock
  • 00:04:07
    is used when neither opening nor closing
  • 00:04:10
    the valve fully is desirable in the
  • 00:04:12
    event of failure this mode maintains the
  • 00:04:15
    last known safe State making it useful
  • 00:04:18
    in systems where manual intervention is
  • 00:04:21
    necessary to correct the situation now
  • 00:04:24
    let's see how it is shown in p and ID in
  • 00:04:27
    this part of p and ID you can can see a
  • 00:04:30
    butterfly type control valve with a fail
  • 00:04:33
    close setting it is connected to a tank
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    so when there is a loss of signal the
  • 00:04:39
    valve will close to prevent the tank
  • 00:04:41
    from overfilling as mentioned earlier
  • 00:04:44
    letters like FC fail close for fail open
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    or FL fail lock below the valve indicate
  • 00:04:51
    its failure mode this is the end of the
  • 00:04:54
    video please don't forget to like share
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    and subscribe to my channel channel for
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    more videos if you have any questions or
  • 00:05:03
    topics you'd like me to cover leave a
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    comment below thanks for watching and
  • 00:05:08
    see you next time
タグ
  • control valves
  • fail open
  • fail close
  • fail lock
  • process safety
  • valve actuators
  • P&ID symbols
  • equipment protection
  • cooling systems
  • manual intervention