The Confederacy and the Lost Cause

00:09:21
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_h1vwDKH6s

概要

TLDRThe video explores the Southern perspective following the Civil War, highlighting the creation of the 'Lost Cause' ideology. As Southerners grappled with their defeat and the massive loss of life, they developed a narrative, called the 'Lost Cause', to rationalize their loss. This view suggested the South lost not due to a lack of valor but because it was outnumbered and that the war was about states' rights, not slavery. Women played a crucial role in sustaining this narrative through memorials and associations. The 'Lost Cause' influenced Southern textbooks and culture, reinforced by films like "Gone with the Wind." This narrative minimized slavery's role, affecting racial relations into the 20th century. By the 1990s, documentaries like Ken Burns's "The Civil War" challenged these views, prompting discussions about the war's true significance.

収穫

  • 🎖 The Civil War led to nearly 900,000 casualties, profoundly affecting Americans, especially in the South.
  • ⚔ The 'Lost Cause' was a Southern narrative that rationalized their defeat in the Civil War.
  • 📘 Edward A. Pollard's book, 'The Lost Cause', began shaping this narrative soon after the war.
  • 🗽 The South portrayed the war as a battle for states' rights, downplaying the role of slavery.
  • 🔖 Women played a significant role in memorializing the war and perpetuating the 'Lost Cause' ideology.
  • 🎥 Films like 'Gone with the Wind' romanticized the Southern perspective, reinforcing the 'Lost Cause'.
  • 🏛 Southern groups influenced textbooks to align with the 'Lost Cause' narrative, affecting generations.
  • 🎬 Ken Burns's documentary in the 1990s re-ignited public debate on the Civil War's true meanings.
  • 📰 The 'Lost Cause' narrative contradicts primary sources, which indicate slavery was a central issue.
  • 📉 The 'Lost Cause' impacted race relations negatively, as it distorted historical understanding.

タイムライン

  • 00:00:00 - 00:09:21

    The video discusses the unexpected duration and high casualties of the Civil War, particularly affecting the South. Southerners struggled with the loss, having sacrificed much and held firm beliefs in their cause, which they sought to rationalize through the concept of 'The Lost Cause.' This was a narrative that explained their defeat as a result of being outnumbered and outgunned, rather than any shortcoming in their beliefs or actions, and shifted the focus of the war to states' rights over slavery. However, historical documents clearly showed slavery was a central issue. Over time, this ideology permeated Southern memory, influencing writings, monuments, and educational content, perpetuating this narrative. The video concludes by highlighting the enduring impact and misconceptions of the Lost Cause, urging a re-evaluation for better understanding race relations and historical truths.

マインドマップ

ビデオQ&A

  • What is the 'Lost Cause'?

    The 'Lost Cause' is a narrative developed by Southerners post-Civil War to rationalize their loss, portraying the war as a noble fight for states' rights rather than slavery.

  • How did Southerners view their defeat in the Civil War?

    They viewed it as a loss due to being outmanned and outgunned, rather than a failure in their principles or military capabilities.

  • What role did women play in memorializing the Civil War in the South?

    Women organized groups to honor Confederate soldiers, built cemeteries, erected monuments, and helped perpetuate the 'Lost Cause' ideology.

  • How did the 'Lost Cause' narrative affect Southern education?

    It influenced Southern school textbooks, which often presented a romanticized view of the Confederacy, affecting generations' understanding of the Civil War.

  • Why is the 'Lost Cause' narrative controversial today?

    It's seen as a distortion of history that minimizes the central role of slavery in the Civil War and affects race relations.

  • What impact did films like "Gone with the Wind" have on the perception of the Civil War?

    They romanticized the Southern experience, reinforcing the 'Lost Cause' narrative.

  • Who authored the book "The Lost Cause"?

    Edward A. Pollard, a Virginia newspaperman, authored "The Lost Cause," presenting a Southern perspective on the Civil War.

  • What event in the 1990s reignited public discussion about the Civil War's meaning?

    Ken Burns's documentary 'The Civil War' sparked significant public discussion about the war's impact and meaning.

  • What was the Southern portrayal of slavery according to the 'Lost Cause'?

    It was portrayed as a benign institution where slaves were content and loyal, which is historically inaccurate.

  • How did reunions and memorials after the war shape the Southern identity?

    They celebrated Southern military valor and the common soldier, fostering a sense of honor and nobility in defeat.

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  • 00:00:08
    [Music]
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    it was a war nearly everyone thought
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    would be over in a matter of
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    weeks no one especially in the South was
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    prepared for the number of soldier and
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    civilan casualties by modern estimates
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    nearly
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    900,000 suddenly it becomes this very
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    real thing with this huge proportion of
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    Americans dying how do you deal with
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    loss is a central question at the end of
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    the Civil War and a question that's
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    particularly difficult for southerners
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    not only have they lost this entire
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    generation of men they've also lost what
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    they believed was a way of life this was
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    a very difficult thing for souers to
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    come to terms with they had sacrificed
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    so much and had fought so hard and it
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    prayed with such fervor for
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    victory and they didn't get it the war
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    violated many conventions held dear by
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    people in the 19th century one was the
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    idea of the good death death at home in
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    one's own bed you died surrounded by
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    loved ones you knew that you would be
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    taken care of you would be buried
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    properly a war turns all that on its
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    head you die far away from your family
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    you die among strangers
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    most men who died in the Civil War were
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    buried in unmarked Graves they were
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    thrown into trenches they were thrown
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    into pits they were thrown into Wells
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    most of those bodies would not be
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    returned home they began to ask the
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    really big questions was it worth it
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    what did we fight for how are we going
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    to remember what went on and in trying
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    to get a grip on those the South
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    develops what's called The Lost Cause
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    which was and
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    ideal if you will of what the war had
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    been and why they had fought it's a way
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    to come to terms with what happened if
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    God is on our side how could we have
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    lost if we were right how could we have
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    lost in 1866 Virginia newspaperman
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    Edward Pard published The Lost Cause a
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    new Southern history of the war of the
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    Confederates it was the beginning of a
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    series of histories told from a southern
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    persp perspective a new mythology was
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    taking shape in the South according to
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    the Lost calls that the South only lost
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    not because she wasn't Brave the South
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    lost because she was outmanned and
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    outgunned and because the north F dirty
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    the ideas that Sherman and all of those
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    people used dirty tactics The South was
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    gentlemanly almost too good to win the
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    South really had no chance to win the
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    civil war that it was simply fought for
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    honor's sake everyone was know and
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    everyone was fighting for the right
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    reasons for a good reason that it was
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    right to secede the South had never been
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    in the wrong according to Lost calls
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    adherence the South had always been just
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    doing the right thing and and had a
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    constitutional right to seced this war
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    they said was about states rights and
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    constitutional issues and nothing else
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    well what about slavery according to the
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    Lost Cause slavery was a generous Ben
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    institution slaves liked being slaves it
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    was good for them they were good and
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    faithful servants who didn't really want
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    their freedom Southerners defending the
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    Lost Cause argued that the war was about
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    states rights that it was indeed not
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    about slavery Confederate leaders never
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    said that during the war it was pretty
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    clear from people like Jefferson Davis
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    on down to the lowest Confederate Johnny
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    Reb what was at stake if the Confederacy
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    were to lose its bid for Independence
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    the destruction of the slave system all
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    one has to do is go back and look at the
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    primary documents that were written
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    before the war to read the South
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    Carolina ordinance of secession to read
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    the Charleston Mercury and other
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    Southern newspapers that make it very
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    clear that the great fear was that
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    slavery would be eradicated and slavery
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    was very essential a driving motivation
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    of the Civil War and slavery was not a
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    benign institution it was an institution
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    that went against the ideals America
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    claimed to believe in but Southerners
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    are not perhaps ready to accept this in
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    the
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    1800s soon the loss C becomes more than
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    any sort of an academic debate it
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    becomes flesh and bone for southerners
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    Southerners continue to mourn their dead
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    and women are very key to this because
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    the sewing Circ the fimble brigades
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    became the ladies Memorial associations
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    and later the United Daughters of the
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    Confederacy they brought Southern B's
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    home they built cemeteries and they
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    placed
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    markers by 15 years after the war The
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    Monuments were no longer monuments about
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    death and sadness they were monuments
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    celebrating military Valor celebrating
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    the soldier celebrating the fighting
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    Spirit the idea was not to celebrate the
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    generals but to celebrate the Common Man
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    Confederate Veterans reunions lended
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    Credence to this the idea that all old
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    soldiers were good soldiers and all of
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    these markers being put up by the
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    daughters and the granddaughters of
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    these old men it went on from the late
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    1870s all the way to the
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    1920s during this time even academic
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    historians were swayed by the Romantic
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    idea deal of the Old South if it had
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    lost the war in one way it was winning
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    the war in another it was winning the
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    war in terms of memory the United
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    Daughters of the Confederacy and other
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    Civic groups that supported the Lost
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    Cause were often the groups that
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    approved textbooks for southern schools
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    if a textbook didn't meet their
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    standards they would object to it in
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    school board meetings and so these
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    textbooks went on for Generation after
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    gener a in southern schools relatively
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    unchallenged in 1915 DW Griffith's film
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    The Birth of a Nation reinforced Lost
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    Cause values even as it celebrated the
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    beginnings of the Klux clan in the late
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    1930s a best selling book and a
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    blockbuster film once again romanticized
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    the southern experience many people get
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    their Civil War history from Gone With
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    the Wind which told a very Southern very
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    lost cause tale by mid2 Century most
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    historians had become critical of the
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    Lost Cause school now being challenged
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    by the Civil Rights Movement just to
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    civil rights blossoms we also see many
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    Southerners turning to the old images of
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    the Civil War as a sign of defiance
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    raising the battle flags for example
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    wasn't really until 1990 in Ken Burns's
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    documentary the Civil War that a very
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    big public discussion began about what
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    did the war mean what did it mean for
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    different groups of people and what did
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    it mean for America as a nation and that
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    Southerners should perhaps reconsider
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    the lost cause this is something that
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    probably has held the South back in many
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    ways especially in improving race
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    relations we ignore the
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    lessons of that war at our own Peril as
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    a people both Northerners and
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    Southerners because the issues are still
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    with us and and will be for a long long
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    [Music]
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    time we are a Band of Brothers and
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    native to the soil we're fighting for
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    ourty with treasure blood and toil and
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    when ours were threaten the cry R near
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    and for the bunny blue flag that bears a
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    single star
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    h
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    forns for the bunny blue flag thats a
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    single
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    star as the was faithful to her trust
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    like friends and like Brethren the kind
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    were we and just but now when Northern
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    treachery attempts our rights to we
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    hoist on high the bunny blue flag that
  • 00:08:49
    bears a single star hurah Hur for
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    southern rights
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    hurah for the blue flag that bears a
  • 00:08:58
    single star for SC South Carolina no
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    made her stand then came Alabama who
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    took her by the next quickly Mississippi
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    Georgia and
  • 00:09:10
    Florida High the B blue flag thats a
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    single
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    [Music]
  • 00:09:19
    star
タグ
  • Lost Cause
  • Civil War
  • Southern perspective
  • slavery
  • state's rights
  • memorialization
  • cultural impact
  • race relations
  • historical narrative
  • Ken Burns