马斯克接受印尼G20峰会访谈：关于教育，学习，第一性原理思维

00:29:07
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0qX1jJ5wvQ

Resumo

TLDR在部长Nadi Makari与Elon Musk的对话中，Musk分享了个人的工作习惯和成功原则。他强调了从第一性原理思考的重要性，以及时间管理和对好奇心的追求。Musk也讨论了教育应该如何改革，认为教育应该帮助学生理解所学知识的相关性。此外，他还提到未来发展的行业，包括可持续能源和人工智能，同时也反映出对新技术潜在风险的关注。整体而言，对话向年轻人传达了追求创新、克服恐惧和认识失败的重要性。

Conclusões

  • 👨‍🎓 教育要与解决问题相结合，以激发学生的兴趣
  • 🌍 可持续能源将是未来发展的重要领域
  • 🤖 人工智能的潜力无处不在，要谨慎使用
  • 🛠️ 批判性思维是当今教育中不可忽视的重点
  • 🕰️ 工作习惯要合理安排，避免过度劳累
  • 📚 好奇心是创新的重要驱动力
  • 🦠 合成生物学将对医学产生革命性影响
  • ⚖️ 面对风险与恐惧，是成长与成功的关键
  • 🚀 承认错误，不断追求减少错误的目标
  • 💡 利用互联网获取知识和教育资源的便利

Linha do tempo

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    在开场中，Nadi Makari介绍了自己背景，并表达了对Elon Musk的崇拜，随后询问Elon如何能在多个领域高效工作。Elon回应说自己几乎总是在工作，并强调了用物理学框架理解世界的重要性，认为思考应该从基本原理出发，并不断地修正错误。

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    Elon强调，真正不可能的事情是违反物理法则。只要不违反这些法则，许多事情都是可能的。他提到，面对变革阻力和质疑时，要坚信自己追求的目标是可以通过努力实现的。

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    在谈到自己青少年时期对其成长影响的事情时，Elon提到他对科幻书籍和电影的热爱，这些作品激励了他探索真理。物理学成为他寻求真理的最佳途径。他鼓励年轻人学习物理。

  • 00:15:00 - 00:20:00

    Elon深入探讨教育改革，认为教育应当强调学习的相关性，教学应当围绕问题展开。他批评现有教育体系往往逆向操作，重视工具而非解决实际问题，强调批判性思维的重要性，指出很多教育内容实际上存在无用性。

  • 00:20:00 - 00:29:07

    在谈及未来职业建议时，Elon提到可持续能源、人工智能和合成生物学是未来值得投资的领域，他同时提醒要谨慎应对人工智能及合成生物学的潜在危害。最后总结了对印度尼西亚成为全球经济强国的期望，指出教育普及和互联网接入是实现这些目标的关键。

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Vídeo de perguntas e respostas

  • Elon Musk是如何管理时间和提高生产力的？

    他几乎全天工作，并建议从第一性原理进行思考。

  • 在面对否定者时，Elon Musk是怎么处理的？

    他认为只要不违反物理法则，任何事情都是可能的。

  • Elon对教育的看法是什么？

    他认为教育应该与解决问题相关，强调批判性思维的重要性。

  • Elon Musk认为未来哪些行业最具潜力？

    他提到了可持续能源、人工智能和合成生物学等领域。

  • Musk如何看待失败和错误？

    他认为应该承认错误并努力每天减少错误的数量。

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Rolagem automática:
  • 00:00:03
    I think hello
  • 00:00:15
    hello
  • 00:00:19
    Elon how are you
  • 00:00:22
    good how are you I'm very very good
  • 00:00:24
    allow allow me to just introduce myself
  • 00:00:27
    right now my name is nadimakarim I am
  • 00:00:30
    currently the minister of Education
  • 00:00:32
    culture research and Technology
  • 00:00:35
    but before this I was a technology
  • 00:00:38
    entrepreneur uh I created I founded one
  • 00:00:42
    of the largest on-demand Services uh in
  • 00:00:45
    Indonesia payment ride hailing food uh a
  • 00:00:48
    few of the other services so I just
  • 00:00:50
    wanted to let you know that I am a big
  • 00:00:52
    fan of yours uh you've been big
  • 00:00:54
    inspiration uh to me and many of my uh
  • 00:00:57
    peers and colleagues for for many many
  • 00:00:59
    years so you could you could classify me
  • 00:01:01
    as a fanboy here and I have the
  • 00:01:04
    privilege and honor of being able to ask
  • 00:01:07
    you a few questions if that's okay is
  • 00:01:08
    that all right
  • 00:01:09
    now absolutely you're most welcome thank
  • 00:01:12
    you I think the first question and and
  • 00:01:14
    you know we have a lot of Youth here a
  • 00:01:15
    lot of young people I I think one of the
  • 00:01:18
    things that confuses a lot of us is how
  • 00:01:21
    are you able to do so much it's a very
  • 00:01:25
    simple question but I think we we would
  • 00:01:27
    love to hear what are your tools for
  • 00:01:29
    productivity or principles we just can't
  • 00:01:32
    believe the amount that you do can you
  • 00:01:34
    tell us a little bit about how you do
  • 00:01:36
    the amount that you do
  • 00:01:40
    well I did put in a lot of hours I'm not
  • 00:01:42
    sure I would necessarily recommend what
  • 00:01:45
    what I do to others
  • 00:01:46
    um in the sense that I I pretty much
  • 00:01:50
    work all the time so
  • 00:01:52
    um
  • 00:01:53
    you know it's it's quite rare for me to
  • 00:01:55
    take even a Sunday off
  • 00:01:57
    um so
  • 00:01:58
    I'm not sure that's necessarily you know
  • 00:02:01
    what I'm not I'm not recommending that
  • 00:02:03
    to many people
  • 00:02:05
    um with regard to uh tools for
  • 00:02:08
    understanding the world I think uh the
  • 00:02:10
    physics framework is extremely helpful
  • 00:02:13
    it's you know in physics they call it
  • 00:02:15
    thinking from a first principle
  • 00:02:16
    standpoint where you um try to
  • 00:02:19
    understand the most fundamental truths
  • 00:02:20
    in a particular situation and then you
  • 00:02:22
    reason up from there and then you test
  • 00:02:24
    your conclusions against about
  • 00:02:27
    um what you believe to be the
  • 00:02:28
    fundamental truths
  • 00:02:30
    um so in physics would be like testing
  • 00:02:32
    to see if you're violating conservation
  • 00:02:34
    of energy or conservation of momentum or
  • 00:02:36
    something like that
  • 00:02:38
    um and and then constantly you know
  • 00:02:40
    trying to be less wrong so you should
  • 00:02:42
    always like assume that you're to some
  • 00:02:43
    degree wrong and you want to be less
  • 00:02:45
    wrong this is I think very important
  • 00:02:48
    um it's a little tougher on the ego but
  • 00:02:50
    it's it's great for getting to the truth
  • 00:02:52
    of things is is aspired to be less wrong
  • 00:02:55
    that's amazing the iterative process
  • 00:02:58
    constantly having that healthy dose of
  • 00:03:00
    skepticism and of course the sheer
  • 00:03:03
    amount of hours that you put in
  • 00:03:05
    you know Elon when when I started
  • 00:03:08
    implementing I came from the private
  • 00:03:10
    sector so imagine the challenges I had
  • 00:03:12
    to face when I was entering the
  • 00:03:14
    government and one of the things that
  • 00:03:16
    I've noticed is that when you are trying
  • 00:03:19
    to change things
  • 00:03:20
    the amount of resistance to change is
  • 00:03:24
    extremely high and extremely painful and
  • 00:03:27
    you have an entire group of people who
  • 00:03:31
    are I would categorize them as naysayers
  • 00:03:33
    who are constantly trying to say that
  • 00:03:35
    what you're trying to achieve is
  • 00:03:37
    impossible so my question to you Elon is
  • 00:03:41
    how do you deal with the naysayers how
  • 00:03:43
    do you deal with the people who say no
  • 00:03:45
    you are shooting too far ahead you are
  • 00:03:48
    trying to do something that's impossible
  • 00:03:49
    don't bother doing it or uh or are
  • 00:03:53
    resistant to change how do you manage
  • 00:03:55
    those that resistance the naysayers out
  • 00:03:58
    there and continue on
  • 00:04:01
    well I would go back to physics in that
  • 00:04:04
    um the only things that are truly
  • 00:04:06
    impossible breaking the laws of physics
  • 00:04:08
    um so as long as you're not breaking
  • 00:04:10
    laws of physics
  • 00:04:12
    um it's possible
  • 00:04:13
    um you know it doesn't matter what
  • 00:04:14
    anyone's opinion is
  • 00:04:17
    um you know physics is the law and
  • 00:04:19
    everything else is a recommendation I've
  • 00:04:21
    seen plenty of people break the law but
  • 00:04:23
    I've never seen anyone break physics
  • 00:04:27
    please give a round of applause
  • 00:04:31
    I mean anything within the laws of
  • 00:04:33
    physics is possible
  • 00:04:34
    yeah I mean and you can certainly
  • 00:04:36
    challenge laws of physics but uh they've
  • 00:04:38
    been challenged quite well and uh have
  • 00:04:41
    found to be resilient
  • 00:04:42
    oh that's incredibly simple and Powerful
  • 00:04:45
    uh response there
  • 00:04:47
    um
  • 00:04:48
    we you know given that we have a lot of
  • 00:04:51
    University students here
  • 00:04:53
    we wanted to go a little bit into your
  • 00:04:56
    younger days Elon
  • 00:04:58
    um I'm very curious to know
  • 00:05:00
    are there
  • 00:05:02
    several Milestone events that happened
  • 00:05:05
    either in your childhood or in your
  • 00:05:08
    early youth that you think had the most
  • 00:05:10
    profound impact to who you are today if
  • 00:05:13
    so can you share a little bit about
  • 00:05:15
    those moments
  • 00:05:18
    well I read a lot of sci-fi and fantasy
  • 00:05:21
    books
  • 00:05:22
    um
  • 00:05:23
    so and I mean it's not going to surprise
  • 00:05:25
    anyone that I you know
  • 00:05:27
    sort of like Star Trek Star Wars and
  • 00:05:29
    that kind of thing in fact Star Wars was
  • 00:05:31
    the first movie I ever saw in a movie
  • 00:05:34
    theater so
  • 00:05:36
    you can imagine if if you see an
  • 00:05:37
    incredible movie like that it's the
  • 00:05:39
    first time you've ever even been in a
  • 00:05:40
    movie theater I think I was six years
  • 00:05:41
    old it's going to have a really big
  • 00:05:43
    effect on you
  • 00:05:44
    um so
  • 00:05:47
    um yeah so reading and watching a lot of
  • 00:05:49
    sci-fi and fantasy and you know
  • 00:05:53
    Lord of the Rings probably my favorite
  • 00:05:54
    book
  • 00:05:56
    um but uh I say Isaac Asimov had had a
  • 00:06:00
    huge effect on me the foundation series
  • 00:06:02
    um Robert Heinlein the Moon is a Harsh
  • 00:06:05
    Mistress
  • 00:06:06
    um
  • 00:06:07
    and then um
  • 00:06:09
    and trying to find the truth of things I
  • 00:06:12
    explored many Avenues and ultimately
  • 00:06:14
    found that physics was the best way to
  • 00:06:18
    explore the truth of things
  • 00:06:20
    um
  • 00:06:22
    so
  • 00:06:24
    you know at the risk of being a broken
  • 00:06:26
    record on the physics front I strongly
  • 00:06:28
    recommend studying it
  • 00:06:30
    yeah amazing and if we can
  • 00:06:35
    um
  • 00:06:36
    just look into
  • 00:06:38
    you you you have made a lot of
  • 00:06:42
    Innovations within your organizations
  • 00:06:45
    you've also been quite explicit about
  • 00:06:49
    certain ways that education should
  • 00:06:53
    actually change
  • 00:06:54
    one of the things we did one of the
  • 00:06:56
    things we did in Indonesia uh recently
  • 00:06:59
    is we've almost completely unbundled
  • 00:07:02
    higher education Elon we have made every
  • 00:07:06
    single company non-profit all the
  • 00:07:09
    external institutions outside of
  • 00:07:10
    University into an accredited University
  • 00:07:14
    for one semester so now higher education
  • 00:07:18
    is a really a collaborative effort of
  • 00:07:21
    all institutions including technology
  • 00:07:23
    companies I wanted to know your thoughts
  • 00:07:26
    about education and in your ideal world
  • 00:07:30
    what would education look like either
  • 00:07:33
    lower education or higher education if
  • 00:07:36
    you have some thoughts on that please
  • 00:07:37
    enlighten us on what your ideal
  • 00:07:39
    education in today's world would look
  • 00:07:41
    like
  • 00:07:43
    sure well I think when when you're
  • 00:07:47
    trying to learn something it is
  • 00:07:48
    extremely important to establish
  • 00:07:49
    relevance to say why are you trying to
  • 00:07:51
    learn this because our minds are
  • 00:07:54
    constantly trying to forget things so
  • 00:07:56
    that our minds are at a subconscious
  • 00:07:58
    level trying to decide what is relevant
  • 00:08:00
    and what is not relevant
  • 00:08:02
    um and so most of the things that you
  • 00:08:04
    see in here
  • 00:08:05
    um your your mind does not want to uh
  • 00:08:08
    remember because there's no point in
  • 00:08:10
    Remembering it so you have to establish
  • 00:08:12
    relevance this is why you want to say
  • 00:08:15
    like why this is why you should learn
  • 00:08:17
    this this subject or that subject
  • 00:08:19
    um and once you establish relevance uh
  • 00:08:22
    the
  • 00:08:23
    the your mind will naturally want to
  • 00:08:26
    remember it
  • 00:08:27
    um
  • 00:08:28
    and and like so
  • 00:08:31
    there's like and there's like I think
  • 00:08:33
    two fundamentally different ways to
  • 00:08:34
    approach education one is by teaching to
  • 00:08:36
    the tools and the other is by teaching
  • 00:08:38
    to to
  • 00:08:40
    um where you want to solve a problem and
  • 00:08:43
    trying to understand what tools do you
  • 00:08:44
    need to solve the problem so for example
  • 00:08:48
    um it would be quite boring to have a
  • 00:08:50
    series of lectures about ranches and
  • 00:08:52
    screwdrivers and and winches and whatnot
  • 00:08:55
    but without establishing relevance but
  • 00:08:58
    if you say well let's take apart an
  • 00:09:00
    engine
  • 00:09:00
    now how do we take this engine apart and
  • 00:09:02
    put it back together well we're going to
  • 00:09:04
    need screwdrivers we're going to need
  • 00:09:05
    wrenches we're going to need a winch
  • 00:09:07
    um we'll we'll need maybe some Allen
  • 00:09:09
    keys and we'll you'll have to take it
  • 00:09:11
    apart and then put it back together and
  • 00:09:13
    you then you'll understand in the
  • 00:09:15
    process of doing that why those tools
  • 00:09:17
    are relevant and you will remember them
  • 00:09:19
    this is a very simple but important
  • 00:09:21
    principle which is
  • 00:09:23
    explain the tools in the process of
  • 00:09:26
    solving a problem
  • 00:09:28
    and and then the tools will make sense
  • 00:09:30
    otherwise they will seem irrelevant and
  • 00:09:33
    people will not remember them and
  • 00:09:34
    motivation will be difficult
  • 00:09:37
    and and do you think to make those tools
  • 00:09:40
    uh within a con contextual situation
  • 00:09:43
    therefore increasing relevance is that
  • 00:09:47
    happening right now in Educational
  • 00:09:48
    Systems around the world what what do
  • 00:09:50
    you think needs to change from maybe a
  • 00:09:52
    teacher perspective or a curriculum
  • 00:09:54
    perspective
  • 00:09:59
    yeah like I said I think um
  • 00:10:03
    there is generally a
  • 00:10:06
    or is there's often
  • 00:10:09
    um things are backwards where they'll
  • 00:10:11
    they'll teach the tools instead of teach
  • 00:10:13
    to teach you how to solve a problem and
  • 00:10:15
    then establish the relevance of the
  • 00:10:17
    tools
  • 00:10:19
    um so you know they'll you might take a
  • 00:10:22
    course on calculus for example but but
  • 00:10:25
    you don't know why you're taking a
  • 00:10:26
    course in calculus it just seems like a
  • 00:10:27
    mental obstacle course that doesn't have
  • 00:10:29
    any point
  • 00:10:30
    um and actually for a lot of people I'd
  • 00:10:32
    say it probably is a mental obstacle
  • 00:10:34
    course that has no point because unless
  • 00:10:35
    you expect to use it in the future
  • 00:10:37
    there's no point in in learning calculus
  • 00:10:39
    at least at a detailed level
  • 00:10:41
    um I think the principles of calculus
  • 00:10:43
    are are interesting to learn but not the
  • 00:10:46
    sort of nuanced solving of equations
  • 00:10:49
    um
  • 00:10:51
    so I generally say like what what is it
  • 00:10:53
    that somebody wants to do
  • 00:10:55
    um and then
  • 00:10:59
    teach the teach you know then try to
  • 00:11:02
    solve that problem and as you solve the
  • 00:11:03
    problem and say well you need this tool
  • 00:11:04
    you need that tool you need this and
  • 00:11:06
    um you know I I think uh frankly uh a
  • 00:11:09
    lot of Education that happens is kind of
  • 00:11:11
    pointless
  • 00:11:12
    um and in that people are toward a bunch
  • 00:11:14
    of things but there is they don't
  • 00:11:16
    actually ever use those things in the
  • 00:11:18
    future so like why go to the trouble of
  • 00:11:20
    teaching people things that they will
  • 00:11:22
    not use in the future
  • 00:11:23
    I think that so quite frankly I think a
  • 00:11:25
    lot of education is pointless
  • 00:11:27
    um unless one simply wants to go through
  • 00:11:30
    a mental obstacle course and test
  • 00:11:31
    people's ability to go through a mental
  • 00:11:33
    obstacle course
  • 00:11:35
    um
  • 00:11:36
    I think it's uh
  • 00:11:38
    debatable as to whether this should be
  • 00:11:40
    uh you know we should force people to go
  • 00:11:43
    through these mental obstacle courses
  • 00:11:45
    um
  • 00:11:46
    but if I can make it like a strong
  • 00:11:48
    recommendation for what should be taught
  • 00:11:50
    early in education is critical critical
  • 00:11:53
    thinking critical thinking is incredibly
  • 00:11:55
    important because it creates a mental
  • 00:11:57
    firewall to
  • 00:11:59
    allow children to
  • 00:12:02
    reject Concepts that are not cogent uh
  • 00:12:07
    meaning like where
  • 00:12:10
    so it's sort of like having an antivirus
  • 00:12:12
    my anti-mind virus defense system
  • 00:12:15
    um critical thinking if taught at a
  • 00:12:18
    young age uh creates a mental firewall
  • 00:12:21
    um that prevents uh false Concepts from
  • 00:12:24
    uh establishing themselves in people's
  • 00:12:27
    minds
  • 00:12:28
    so I would strongly recommend the
  • 00:12:30
    principles of critical thinking at a
  • 00:12:32
    young age
  • 00:12:34
    completely agree with you uh we have
  • 00:12:36
    just removed subject-based uh testing or
  • 00:12:40
    content-based testing from our national
  • 00:12:42
    assessment system and replaced it purely
  • 00:12:45
    on uh logic problem solving and critical
  • 00:12:47
    thinking uh computational logic as
  • 00:12:50
    foundational skills so I'm very very
  • 00:12:52
    happy to hear you you say that uh
  • 00:12:55
    because that's really the core not it's
  • 00:12:57
    not what you know it's actually do you
  • 00:13:00
    know what to do with information that
  • 00:13:03
    you are given or content that you
  • 00:13:04
    understand
  • 00:13:06
    um
  • 00:13:07
    yes and and how do you defend yourself
  • 00:13:10
    against mental mental trickery you know
  • 00:13:13
    like people often you know just try
  • 00:13:17
    um various fallacies and sort of trap
  • 00:13:19
    you with fallacies
  • 00:13:21
    um and so having defense against
  • 00:13:22
    fallacies would be uh you know a great
  • 00:13:25
    course
  • 00:13:26
    absolutely and in the digital age that
  • 00:13:29
    ability to discern and that healthy dose
  • 00:13:32
    of skepticism to the information that
  • 00:13:34
    you receive is is almost survival I
  • 00:13:36
    think for the next generation and uh I
  • 00:13:39
    completely agree with you on that
  • 00:13:41
    Elon
  • 00:13:43
    um
  • 00:13:44
    let's talk a little bit about
  • 00:13:47
    the future of these young people over
  • 00:13:49
    here can you tell us
  • 00:13:52
    what do you think are going to be
  • 00:13:55
    if if they were to ask you about career
  • 00:13:57
    advice what sectors do you think are
  • 00:14:01
    going to be most exciting most in demand
  • 00:14:03
    and and what sectors may not be in the
  • 00:14:07
    future uh will diminish in value if you
  • 00:14:10
    could share a little bit about uh what
  • 00:14:13
    you think on this matter
  • 00:14:16
    uh sure well I think some of it's going
  • 00:14:19
    to sound pretty obvious
  • 00:14:20
    um but uh you know anything to do with
  • 00:14:22
    the sustainable energy is going to be
  • 00:14:24
    um a pretty significant in the future
  • 00:14:27
    um so if it's to do with uh lithium ion
  • 00:14:30
    batteries for stationary storage or for
  • 00:14:32
    cars aircraft boats uh that's that's
  • 00:14:35
    going to be very significant
  • 00:14:37
    um artificial intelligence will
  • 00:14:38
    obviously be very significant in all
  • 00:14:40
    Fields
  • 00:14:41
    you know self-driving Cars self-flying
  • 00:14:44
    airplanes self you know piloting boats
  • 00:14:48
    um
  • 00:14:49
    and uh you know so I'd probably
  • 00:14:51
    recommend learning those I mean these
  • 00:14:53
    are these are very technical subjects of
  • 00:14:55
    course there are many other worthy
  • 00:14:57
    Pursuits but as a technologist uh that's
  • 00:15:00
    what I would recommend
  • 00:15:02
    um Ai and sustainable technology
  • 00:15:05
    um so
  • 00:15:07
    um I think there's a lot about a lot of
  • 00:15:09
    opportunity in uh synthetic uh biology
  • 00:15:12
    uh with the synthetic um messenger RNA
  • 00:15:16
    stuff uh that's that's going to be a
  • 00:15:19
    revolution in medicine I think
  • 00:15:21
    comparable to
  • 00:15:23
    um audio going from analog to digital
  • 00:15:28
    synthetic RNA is um
  • 00:15:32
    is like medicine is going digital
  • 00:15:35
    um it's it's a it's a much more profound
  • 00:15:37
    Revolution than I think most people
  • 00:15:39
    realize
  • 00:15:41
    um
  • 00:15:45
    yeah
  • 00:15:47
    I mean that's right that's but I'm a
  • 00:15:49
    technologist so there's plenty of good
  • 00:15:51
    things to do that are donate bulb
  • 00:15:52
    technology
  • 00:15:54
    um but for from a technology standpoint
  • 00:15:56
    I would say sustainable energy AI uh
  • 00:15:58
    synthetic biology are probably the three
  • 00:16:01
    big areas
  • 00:16:03
    are
  • 00:16:04
    what
  • 00:16:05
    what technologies scare you the most
  • 00:16:10
    in terms of its risk or are there any
  • 00:16:13
    technologies that scare you I don't know
  • 00:16:16
    well I think we should be a little
  • 00:16:18
    concerned about AI because we don't want
  • 00:16:21
    uh digital super intelligence that goes
  • 00:16:23
    wrong and causes
  • 00:16:25
    um you know damage to to humanity so I
  • 00:16:28
    think we we do need to be cautious with
  • 00:16:30
    artificial intelligence
  • 00:16:32
    um
  • 00:16:33
    you know on the synthetic biology front
  • 00:16:35
    that's also that has the potential to be
  • 00:16:37
    dangerous because it is possible to
  • 00:16:39
    create a far more uh damaging virus than
  • 00:16:42
    it then would occur in nature so you
  • 00:16:45
    know these these technology tools are
  • 00:16:47
    definitely uh double-edged swords
  • 00:16:49
    um
  • 00:16:50
    uh the more powerful the technology the
  • 00:16:53
    more careful we need to be and how we
  • 00:16:55
    use it
  • 00:16:57
    absolutely
  • 00:16:58
    um my one last question from myself and
  • 00:17:01
    then I'm going to open it up to the
  • 00:17:02
    audience Elon
  • 00:17:05
    um
  • 00:17:07
    what do you think Indonesia needs to do
  • 00:17:10
    to become a global economic power by
  • 00:17:13
    2045.
  • 00:17:17
    well I think it's it's uh definitely you
  • 00:17:20
    know um
  • 00:17:22
    we're a widespread education obviously
  • 00:17:24
    makes sense I think
  • 00:17:26
    um uh having high-speed internet
  • 00:17:28
    connectivity throughout Indonesia is
  • 00:17:30
    going to be extremely important I mean
  • 00:17:32
    you think about the internet if you've
  • 00:17:33
    got even a low-cost device and low-cost
  • 00:17:35
    access to the internet you can learn
  • 00:17:37
    anything MIT for example has like I
  • 00:17:40
    believe the lectures are available for
  • 00:17:42
    free on YouTube so
  • 00:17:44
    you you can learn practically anything
  • 00:17:46
    you want for free on the internet
  • 00:17:47
    provided you have internet access
  • 00:17:50
    um and and at least some level of
  • 00:17:52
    Education to allow you to learn more uh
  • 00:17:55
    from from the internet so I think um
  • 00:17:57
    widespread internet access is is
  • 00:17:59
    essential uh for that
  • 00:18:01
    um because it just allows people to to
  • 00:18:02
    learn whatever they want to learn at
  • 00:18:04
    whatever Pace uh they're comfortable
  • 00:18:06
    learning
  • 00:18:09
    thank you very much I'd like to uh open
  • 00:18:12
    it up now to the audience if the
  • 00:18:14
    organizer can please hand over to
  • 00:18:17
    the first question
  • 00:18:19
    for Elon
  • 00:18:31
    can you raise your hand
  • 00:18:34
    I cannot see where the microphone is
  • 00:18:36
    being
  • 00:18:37
    the moderator will choose the the
  • 00:18:39
    question
  • 00:18:44
    I will not be choosing apparently the
  • 00:18:46
    organizer will be doing that so
  • 00:18:49
    if
  • 00:18:52
    no
  • 00:18:54
    is anybody going
  • 00:18:57
    aha yes we have the first student
  • 00:19:00
    last question please introduce yourself
  • 00:19:02
    and please ask the question to Mr musk
  • 00:19:05
    hello my name is
  • 00:19:07
    and I'm from
  • 00:19:12
    Mr Elon Musk so as a global innovator
  • 00:19:15
    and world's number one businessman of
  • 00:19:18
    course we have heard about your success
  • 00:19:20
    stories and it greatly inspired us but
  • 00:19:24
    what about your failures or your
  • 00:19:25
    mistakes
  • 00:19:27
    uh I want to ask
  • 00:19:30
    what were your biggest obstacles or
  • 00:19:33
    mistakes
  • 00:19:34
    that you have faced and how did you
  • 00:19:37
    overcame it and maybe you can also give
  • 00:19:40
    us the students here a piece of advice
  • 00:19:43
    and that will be very amazing thank you
  • 00:19:49
    [Applause]
  • 00:19:53
    well to be frank I've made so many
  • 00:19:55
    mistakes that it would take far too long
  • 00:19:56
    for me to list them all
  • 00:19:58
    um
  • 00:19:59
    so I I would know one of both people
  • 00:20:02
    with the extremely long list of mistakes
  • 00:20:04
    that I've made in the past
  • 00:20:06
    um but I think that the the the higher
  • 00:20:09
    principle here is that it is always too
  • 00:20:12
    aspire to be less wrong over time so to
  • 00:20:15
    acknowledge that you'll always be to
  • 00:20:17
    some degree wrong but that you wish to
  • 00:20:18
    be less wrong over time and and uh
  • 00:20:22
    and if you can be a little less wrong
  • 00:20:23
    every day I think you're doing great
  • 00:20:26
    um it's it's hard to be less wrong every
  • 00:20:28
    day but frankly even if you could do
  • 00:20:30
    that wrong most days that that's a
  • 00:20:32
    pretty big victory
  • 00:20:34
    um
  • 00:20:35
    you know a number of things that I've
  • 00:20:37
    said before publicly so
  • 00:20:40
    um you know I think it's important to to
  • 00:20:42
    place weight upon both the heart and the
  • 00:20:44
    mind not simply the mind
  • 00:20:47
    um some of the biggest mistakes that
  • 00:20:49
    I've made in terms of hiring people have
  • 00:20:51
    been when they were
  • 00:20:52
    strong of mind but not of heart
  • 00:20:55
    and um
  • 00:20:59
    both matter a great deal
  • 00:21:02
    um
  • 00:21:09
    yeah so I think that the the really the
  • 00:21:11
    the hyper higher principle is just
  • 00:21:13
    assume you're wrong and you want to be
  • 00:21:15
    less wrong and just try to be less wrong
  • 00:21:17
    every day
  • 00:21:19
    um seek critical feedback especially
  • 00:21:21
    from Friends
  • 00:21:23
    um often your friends will know what
  • 00:21:25
    what you're what what you're saying is
  • 00:21:27
    wrong but they don't want to hurt your
  • 00:21:29
    feelings so they won't tell you but if
  • 00:21:30
    you ask them to tell you and say that it
  • 00:21:32
    won't hurt your feelings then they will
  • 00:21:33
    tell you
  • 00:21:34
    so I think getting critical feedback
  • 00:21:37
    from friends is very helpful
  • 00:21:40
    um
  • 00:21:48
    yeah hopefully that is useful
  • 00:21:51
    thank you Elon
  • 00:21:55
    so you can never be always right 100 of
  • 00:21:58
    the time
  • 00:21:59
    we get it wrong all the time you just
  • 00:22:01
    have to make sure what's wrong every day
  • 00:22:04
    yeah what I'm saying is that we're
  • 00:22:05
    always wrong you should always just
  • 00:22:07
    assume that you're wrong
  • 00:22:08
    in fact you could because we are
  • 00:22:10
    um you want to take the aspire to be
  • 00:22:12
    less wrong approach
  • 00:22:15
    um
  • 00:22:15
    versus you're right and let's prove that
  • 00:22:18
    you're right
  • 00:22:19
    um rather take the position of you're
  • 00:22:22
    wrong and and wish to be uh
  • 00:22:24
    aspirationally slightly less wrong
  • 00:22:28
    that's incredible and find friends that
  • 00:22:30
    are willing to disagree with you the
  • 00:22:32
    next question
  • 00:22:39
    uh hi Elon I'm a big fan of yours my
  • 00:22:42
    name is Sarah dewanto and I'm the
  • 00:22:44
    founder of Dewey topic uh we're a
  • 00:22:46
    fintech companies that there's less mile
  • 00:22:48
    payments to the unbanked to the hundreds
  • 00:22:50
    of millions of unpacked Indonesians
  • 00:22:53
    um as you said being a Founder is
  • 00:22:56
    extremely difficult it's like eating
  • 00:22:57
    glass while staring into the abyss I
  • 00:23:00
    know exactly what you mean
  • 00:23:02
    um yeah right yes
  • 00:23:05
    um and so we've actually now been able
  • 00:23:09
    to do that on a smaller scale but we
  • 00:23:12
    need to be able to grow at scale and
  • 00:23:16
    that is where we're our pain point at
  • 00:23:19
    the moment how do we scale we've proven
  • 00:23:22
    it at a smaller scale we've distributed
  • 00:23:24
    last mail payments about like 50 million
  • 00:23:27
    unbanked Indonesians in the most remote
  • 00:23:28
    places but how do we bring that to
  • 00:23:31
    something that is greater to millions of
  • 00:23:34
    people not just in Indonesia but in the
  • 00:23:35
    world
  • 00:23:37
    it's not easy so would appreciate any
  • 00:23:40
    input you could give thank you
  • 00:23:44
    well I I guess I would go back to
  • 00:23:48
    um you know widespread internet
  • 00:23:50
    um is going to make a big difference
  • 00:23:52
    um
  • 00:23:53
    the minimizing the cost per useful
  • 00:23:57
    you know bite of information is is very
  • 00:24:00
    important
  • 00:24:01
    um and like over time you know like
  • 00:24:04
    there will be I mean there's so many
  • 00:24:06
    devices being made of you know uh
  • 00:24:09
    PCS and iPhones and Android devices
  • 00:24:14
    I mean there will soon be far more
  • 00:24:16
    devices made than there are humans that
  • 00:24:18
    exist in the world
  • 00:24:20
    so
  • 00:24:21
    um you know at least at least if the
  • 00:24:23
    device is like
  • 00:24:25
    you know second hand it's going to be
  • 00:24:27
    you know extremely cheap
  • 00:24:30
    um
  • 00:24:31
    and I think we're all seeing some
  • 00:24:32
    something of a plateau in
  • 00:24:35
    um
  • 00:24:36
    in in a device capability you know where
  • 00:24:40
    it's like it's increasingly difficult to
  • 00:24:42
    add incremental useful functionality to
  • 00:24:45
    a phone or or a laptop at this point so
  • 00:24:50
    um
  • 00:24:51
    which means that they'll just become
  • 00:24:53
    lower and lower costs and more
  • 00:24:55
    affordable
  • 00:24:57
    um but really the key is being online
  • 00:24:58
    and having an affordable device
  • 00:25:00
    and I think I think the trends are very
  • 00:25:02
    much in that direction so that's uh a
  • 00:25:05
    lot of the optimistic about the future
  • 00:25:08
    we thank you
  • 00:25:09
    thank you
  • 00:25:11
    and the next last questionnaire
  • 00:25:17
    uh hi my name is
  • 00:25:21
    University
  • 00:25:23
    my question for for Elon Musk is I'm
  • 00:25:27
    wondering what is your day-to-day habit
  • 00:25:30
    that turned you into a person that you
  • 00:25:33
    are now thank you
  • 00:25:38
    well in terms of the day-to-day habit I
  • 00:25:40
    think uh being curious
  • 00:25:42
    uh
  • 00:25:44
    been curious about the world how the
  • 00:25:47
    world works and curious about technology
  • 00:25:48
    and we're curious about everything
  • 00:25:51
    really I think curiosity is a very
  • 00:25:52
    important thing to have
  • 00:25:54
    um and then to be somewhat obsessive
  • 00:25:57
    about the Curiosity I saw a probably
  • 00:25:59
    obsessive curiosity is
  • 00:26:02
    um
  • 00:26:05
    probably the number one thing
  • 00:26:07
    um
  • 00:26:08
    and and I think having a sort of a sense
  • 00:26:10
    of adventure is also good
  • 00:26:13
    um
  • 00:26:15
    I think sometimes people are are afraid
  • 00:26:17
    of things
  • 00:26:19
    when they shouldn't be afraid of things
  • 00:26:20
    like you want to make sure that your
  • 00:26:22
    fear is proportionate to the actual
  • 00:26:24
    danger and I think sometimes our
  • 00:26:27
    instinctive fear is not proportionate to
  • 00:26:29
    the actual Danger
  • 00:26:31
    um so you want to try to rethink things
  • 00:26:34
    like just try to say okay is that fear
  • 00:26:38
    Justified like bullet actually well
  • 00:26:40
    something bad actually happen and if you
  • 00:26:43
    know you sort of have to
  • 00:26:45
    sometimes look at your instinctive fear
  • 00:26:47
    and question it and decide whether that
  • 00:26:50
    is
  • 00:26:52
    you know really valid fear or not and
  • 00:26:54
    often it is not and simply looking at
  • 00:26:55
    the fear
  • 00:26:57
    will make it go away
  • 00:27:02
    that
  • 00:27:03
    that's amazing thank you so much uh Elon
  • 00:27:05
    for that response uh We've run out of
  • 00:27:08
    time but I I just wanted to highlight
  • 00:27:13
    a few things that I think I loved your
  • 00:27:16
    comment Elon about
  • 00:27:19
    obsessive curiosity
  • 00:27:22
    I believe that if we create
  • 00:27:25
    young people who are compulsively and
  • 00:27:28
    excessively curious
  • 00:27:31
    we will be able to 10x the amount of
  • 00:27:33
    innovation that entire countries in the
  • 00:27:36
    world in general will be able to achieve
  • 00:27:38
    and I think on your point about fear I
  • 00:27:41
    think that is one of the most Salient
  • 00:27:43
    points that we can learn from
  • 00:27:46
    entrepreneurs like like Elon here is
  • 00:27:49
    that
  • 00:27:50
    all greatness
  • 00:27:52
    all change all progress requires risk
  • 00:27:58
    and without risk there is no progress
  • 00:28:02
    and I think that if the Youth of
  • 00:28:03
    Indonesia can actually start to realize
  • 00:28:07
    and accept the fact that risk will be a
  • 00:28:10
    constant if you want to grow if you want
  • 00:28:13
    to achieve
  • 00:28:15
    and to make that as part of your
  • 00:28:18
    journey and to understand that managing
  • 00:28:22
    that fear of which 99 of the things
  • 00:28:25
    you're scared of generally doesn't
  • 00:28:26
    really happen one percent does happen
  • 00:28:28
    but 99 of the fears you have do not
  • 00:28:31
    happen is something that you will need
  • 00:28:33
    to control and manage in order to
  • 00:28:34
    progress I cannot thank you enough Elon
  • 00:28:37
    for providing us the time today thank
  • 00:28:40
    you for inspiring us thank you for
  • 00:28:42
    refusing to believe in the barriers of
  • 00:28:45
    what is impossible
  • 00:28:47
    it is an honor to have been able to have
  • 00:28:49
    this discussion with you thank you very
  • 00:28:50
    much please another round of applause
  • 00:28:52
    for Elon
  • 00:28:54
    and of course give a round of applause
  • 00:28:55
    to our greatest moderator his Excellency
  • 00:28:59
    Minister Nadi Makari please stay on the
  • 00:29:03
    stage as we are going to continue for
  • 00:29:05
    the photo station
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