What are the sanctions on Russia and have they affected its economy? | BBC News

00:10:27
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kx7sZcIIowU

Resumo

TLDRThe report indicates that Russia's economy has grown by 3.6% in 2023, despite facing more than 16,500 sanctions from the West. While direct imports from Europe and the United States have decreased, Russia has successfully found new suppliers in Asia and the Middle East. War-related fiscal stimulus contributes significantly to the economy, showing a shift to a war footing. In terms of opposition politics, Julia, Navalny's successor, aims to unify the Russian opposition against Putin's regime. The discussion emphasizes the ineffectiveness of current sanctions and the need for a more strategic approach to truly impact the Russian economy.

Conclusões

  • 📈 Russia's economy grew by 3.6% in 2023 despite sanctions.
  • 💸 Over 16,500 sanctions target Russia's key sectors.
  • 🌏 Russia has turned to Asia and the Middle East for imports.
  • 💥 10% of GDP comes from war-related stimulus.
  • 👩‍⚖️ Julia aims to continue Navalny's opposition work.
  • ✋ Current sanctions lack a clear strategy.
  • 🔧 High-tech equipment is still reaching Russia.
  • 🔄 Russia finds alternative markets for oil and gas.
  • 🚫 Frozen Russian assets could be used for Ukraine.
  • 🎯 Practical actions needed for more effective sanctions.

Linha do tempo

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    The economic report from Russia indicates that despite facing over 16,500 sanctions targeting various sectors, the Russian economy has shown growth of 3.6% in 2023. New suppliers from Asia and the Middle East have replaced lost imports from Europe and the U.S. The Polish foreign minister stated that the Russian economy is now on a war footing, with significant public expenditure linked to the war. Despite suffering casualties, Russia is ramping up military production and manufacturing to support its war efforts, leading to concerns about Ukraine's military preparedness against a better-equipped adversary.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:27

    Maxim Katz, an opposition activist, argues that current sanctions on Russia lack a cohesive strategy and have not effectively hindered Russia's economy, especially as Russia continues to receive funds from oil and gas sales. He suggests that sanctions should focus on preventing high-tech supplies from reaching the Russian military and suggests a need for more substantial sanctions and practical steps to create a 'brain drain' and 'money drain' in Russia. Katz also discusses the implications of frozen Russian assets in Europe and their potential use to support Ukraine, underlining the complexities of using such assets in the context of internal politics and international law.

Mapa mental

Vídeo de perguntas e respostas

  • What percentage did the Russian economy grow in 2023?

    The Russian economy grew by 3.6% in 2023.

  • How many sanctions has Russia faced?

    Russia has been hit with over 16,500 sanctions.

  • Who is Julia in the context of the Russian opposition?

    Julia is the successor to Alexei Navalny and is aiming to continue his work in leading the opposition.

  • What is a significant source of Russia's GDP related to the conflict?

    About 10% of Russia's GDP comes from war-related fiscal stimulus.

  • What problem do sanctions face according to the discussion?

    Sanctions lack a clear strategy or practical plan, making them ineffective.

  • How is Russia managing to import high-tech equipment despite sanctions?

    Russia is still receiving high-tech equipment by using money from gas and oil sales and finding alternative markets.

  • What is Maxim Katz's stance on frozen Russian assets?

    He believes that using frozen Russian assets for Ukraine could be beneficial, as it prevents Putin from using them for detrimental purposes.

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  • 00:00:00
    the sanctions are not working today's
  • 00:00:02
    economic report from Russia bears that
  • 00:00:04
    out the economy has been hit with 16 a
  • 00:00:07
    half thousand sanctions targeting energy
  • 00:00:09
    Finance defense Logistics Aviation but
  • 00:00:12
    it outp outperformed Europe and the
  • 00:00:15
    United States in 2023 growing by
  • 00:00:18
    3.6% direct Imports to Russia from
  • 00:00:21
    Europe and the us obviously fell but
  • 00:00:23
    Russia has found new suppliers in Asia
  • 00:00:25
    and the Middle East to fill the Gap in
  • 00:00:26
    Imports 10% of GDP is coming from War
  • 00:00:30
    related fiscal stimulus the Polish
  • 00:00:32
    foreign minister says the whole economy
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    is now on a war
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    footing Russia may have
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    suffered over 350 casualties both dead
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    and wounded but as we know in
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    dictatorships human life is cheap Putin
  • 00:00:50
    has crushed dissidents murdered Alexa
  • 00:00:54
    Naval moved the country's economy to a
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    war footing boosted production of
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    artillery shells
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    and around the clock Russia has started
  • 00:01:03
    building more factories and running
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    running its existing plants on Triple
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    shifts during my last trip to Kiev in
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    December ukrainians described how the
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    Invaders were so much better equipped
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    that they fired eight artillery rounds
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    for every one that the ukrainians can
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    Master that's not a way to
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    win let's bring in Maxim Katz he's an
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    opposition activist and political
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    strategist in Russia he's here uh in the
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    UK I think um Maxim I actually don't
  • 00:01:39
    know where you are maybe we shouldn't
  • 00:01:40
    probably say where you are but let's uh
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    let's talk about what we heard at the
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    European Parliament today uh Julia said
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    that Alex's work will
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    continue who carries the Batton who is
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    going to do
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    that I think it's it's very good that
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    she said that she will continue his work
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    it's very important because the Russian
  • 00:02:00
    opposition will have a leader we we had
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    some thoughts what what we will do now
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    because Alex Nal was leader of Russian
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    opposition but now she said that she
  • 00:02:08
    will continue his his work so yeah yeah
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    but Alexi naly didn't just oppose
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    Vladimir Putin he exposed him he lifted
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    a lid on the corruption and the
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    criminality are there those kind of
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    people within the movement who can show
  • 00:02:25
    the Russian people what he's up
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    to I think this process of showing the
  • 00:02:30
    Russian people uh is mostly is already
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    done by Alexi naal his H movie about the
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    Palace of that Putin built to himself ER
  • 00:02:42
    has about 140 million views on YouTube
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    which is almost the same number as the
  • 00:02:49
    population of Russia so I think
  • 00:02:51
    everybody knows that Russian government
  • 00:02:54
    is corrupted the next steps are making a
  • 00:02:58
    political action together as the the the
  • 00:03:01
    main struggle is to bring together at
  • 00:03:03
    least the opposition and the people who
  • 00:03:05
    oppose Putin to act to make a political
  • 00:03:07
    action together and I hope Julia will
  • 00:03:09
    will be able to do that I I don't know
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    but I hope so one presumes that she
  • 00:03:13
    won't be able to go to the funeral on
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    Friday what sort of event is that going
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    to be and and what is the risk to those
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    who
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    attend we don't know this yet the
  • 00:03:24
    Russian government try to do everything
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    that it can that this won't be a big
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    public event they they tried to pressure
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    the mother of Alexa naal uh so she will
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    agree to a quiet Family Funeral some
  • 00:03:39
    kind of things like this she didn't
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    agree to that um I I don't know yet what
  • 00:03:45
    will happen there now the Russ Moscow
  • 00:03:47
    police started to issue fines and
  • 00:03:51
    even time in jail like two weeks in jail
  • 00:03:54
    for people who came to to put flowers on
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    the memorials in in the day of death of
  • 00:04:01
    Alex naal these kind of things can
  • 00:04:03
    happen also for those who who will come
  • 00:04:05
    to funeral but we don't know
  • 00:04:07
    yet that figure um on our screens at the
  • 00:04:10
    moment the economy growing by 3.6% I
  • 00:04:12
    think that will surprise a lot of people
  • 00:04:15
    her message today is that sanctions
  • 00:04:17
    aren't working the European
  • 00:04:18
    parliamentarians are not doing enough
  • 00:04:21
    why why are they not
  • 00:04:23
    working this is a long conversation to
  • 00:04:26
    to put to put it short I I think there
  • 00:04:29
    is the sanctions have no goal no
  • 00:04:31
    strategy and no plan Europe and the
  • 00:04:34
    Western countries try to I don't know
  • 00:04:36
    hel hold accountable Russia and Putin
  • 00:04:39
    and and things like this but there is no
  • 00:04:42
    practical plan what these sanctions will
  • 00:04:44
    do and how they it it will affect
  • 00:04:46
    Russian economy and in
  • 00:04:48
    consequences the West continue to send
  • 00:04:51
    huge amounts of money to Russia to Putin
  • 00:04:54
    there is no sanctions on buying things
  • 00:04:55
    from Russia mostly not buying gas buying
  • 00:04:59
    oil well there are some sanctions but
  • 00:05:01
    still huge amounts of money is flowing
  • 00:05:03
    into Russia and Putin using Putin using
  • 00:05:05
    this money for the war and for for
  • 00:05:09
    keeping his economy running Russian
  • 00:05:11
    economy running in the other hand uh no
  • 00:05:15
    effort to uh make a brain drain from
  • 00:05:19
    Russia is made because a lot of people
  • 00:05:21
    want to leave Russia it's very important
  • 00:05:22
    people for Russian economy uh but uh not
  • 00:05:27
    a lot of effort is being done to to
  • 00:05:29
    offer these people a possibility to exit
  • 00:05:32
    Russia and live in some somewhere else
  • 00:05:34
    so in my opinion these sanctions has no
  • 00:05:38
    uh firm strategy no Western leader
  • 00:05:40
    leader can say what is the strategy and
  • 00:05:42
    what are the practical steps that these
  • 00:05:44
    sanctions need to achieve not the moral
  • 00:05:46
    part of this story not the internal
  • 00:05:49
    politics part of the story to show your
  • 00:05:51
    constituency that you tough on Russia
  • 00:05:53
    but the Practical how it will affect
  • 00:05:55
    Russian econ no it was nobody never
  • 00:05:57
    discussed even in
  • 00:06:01
    even publicly well practically speaking
  • 00:06:03
    I mean practically speaking what they of
  • 00:06:06
    course have to do is is to stop the
  • 00:06:08
    high-tech equipment getting into Russia
  • 00:06:11
    which is being used to to resupply the
  • 00:06:14
    Armed Forces so there was a a Committee
  • 00:06:16
    hearing yesterday before the Senate
  • 00:06:18
    armed services Committee in Washington a
  • 00:06:21
    dossier handed over 21 American
  • 00:06:24
    manufactured high-tech products uh were
  • 00:06:27
    were used to kill ukrainians on the
  • 00:06:29
    battle field so American components in
  • 00:06:31
    them major US companies um Intel Texas
  • 00:06:36
    Instruments IBM the chip manufacturer
  • 00:06:38
    AMD all of their kit is getting to
  • 00:06:40
    Russia how is it getting there and do
  • 00:06:43
    they know it's getting there yes it it
  • 00:06:46
    is getting there because Russia has a
  • 00:06:48
    lot of money in in the modern world and
  • 00:06:53
    modern economy of the 2024 you cannot
  • 00:06:58
    stop things FL blowing anywhere if this
  • 00:07:01
    PL have money to buy it you you can take
  • 00:07:05
    as an example the War on Drugs huge
  • 00:07:07
    amount of money is a huge huge prison
  • 00:07:12
    terms are are given to those who who
  • 00:07:14
    bringing drugs for the for example to
  • 00:07:16
    the United States but the drugs still
  • 00:07:18
    flowing in because there are people who
  • 00:07:21
    has money and want to buy them and you
  • 00:07:22
    cannot do nothing with this the only
  • 00:07:24
    thing you can do with this with in in in
  • 00:07:27
    the case of Russia is making sure that
  • 00:07:29
    Putin won't have this money if you're
  • 00:07:32
    sending him dollars and Euros to and
  • 00:07:35
    buying gas and oil from him and other
  • 00:07:37
    other different stuff he will be able to
  • 00:07:39
    get this money all this modern equipment
  • 00:07:42
    and you won't won't be able to do
  • 00:07:43
    anything with but the problem
  • 00:07:45
    with but the problem with that is he's
  • 00:07:47
    finding Alternative Market drain this is
  • 00:07:49
    two things he's finding alternative
  • 00:07:51
    markets to sell his oil and gas there
  • 00:07:53
    are Asian markets that he's turned to we
  • 00:07:55
    know we've documented it on the BBC that
  • 00:07:58
    oil which comes out of Russia is refined
  • 00:08:01
    in third countries and then shipped to
  • 00:08:03
    Western markets so there are easy ways
  • 00:08:06
    around the sanctions that are in place
  • 00:08:09
    so what is the answer is it is it
  • 00:08:11
    tougher penalties for oil companies for
  • 00:08:13
    High-Tech companies so that they do
  • 00:08:15
    their own detective work to stop some of
  • 00:08:19
    that materials going in I I don't know
  • 00:08:22
    the H answer about that uh but uh the
  • 00:08:26
    way through uh India or through China is
  • 00:08:30
    uh much more complicated for Russia and
  • 00:08:33
    they get rupees or Yuans for this and
  • 00:08:37
    not euros and dollars which must
  • 00:08:38
    complicated the story to get it into
  • 00:08:40
    into Western Equipment so uh even if you
  • 00:08:43
    if you will if if the West will will
  • 00:08:45
    stop the flow of dollars and Euros it
  • 00:08:47
    will be a very big deal brain drain and
  • 00:08:50
    money drain this is this is two things
  • 00:08:52
    that the can do in terms of sanction
  • 00:08:55
    Russia practical things not not not Mor
  • 00:08:59
    things or big big
  • 00:09:01
    important uh committee that will decide
  • 00:09:03
    that we will hold Russian e two
  • 00:09:05
    practical things brain drain and money
  • 00:09:07
    drain this is two things that that is
  • 00:09:08
    possible to do and should be done and
  • 00:09:10
    then Putin won't have the money to buy
  • 00:09:12
    this stuff and then he won't have it
  • 00:09:15
    just a final one um the commission
  • 00:09:18
    president on Del has said tonight that
  • 00:09:22
    Europe should look very firmly at the
  • 00:09:26
    money that is frozen in uh in European
  • 00:09:28
    Bank and in Western Banks about 300
  • 00:09:31
    billion euros of Russian funds that are
  • 00:09:34
    frozen she says that should be used and
  • 00:09:35
    converted to buy arms for Ukraine you
  • 00:09:39
    are a Russian opposed to the regime but
  • 00:09:42
    this is Russia's money uh which could do
  • 00:09:45
    an awful lot of good uh in your country
  • 00:09:48
    how do you feel about that the frozen
  • 00:09:49
    assets that are in
  • 00:09:51
    Banks this money won't do any good to to
  • 00:09:55
    my country today if it will be in the
  • 00:09:57
    hands of Putin it can be it can do some
  • 00:10:00
    good in the future if Putin W be in
  • 00:10:02
    power in Russia however about this money
  • 00:10:04
    I don't know if if it's practically
  • 00:10:06
    possible to to to use it for something
  • 00:10:08
    but this is a whole different internal
  • 00:10:11
    story of Europe and courts in Europe
  • 00:10:14
    that I I cannot comment on this because
  • 00:10:16
    I don't know enough Maxim Kat it's
  • 00:10:19
    lovely to talk to you thank you very
  • 00:10:20
    much for coming on the program this
  • 00:10:21
    evening thank you thank you around the
  • 00:10:24
    world and across the UK you're watching
  • 00:10:26
    BBC News
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