Journalisme : Histoire et Origine ( 1/2 )
Resumo
TLDRThe text details the history of journalism from its inception, emphasizing the evolution from printed press in the 16th century to the development of daily newspapers and regulatory frameworks in the 19th century. Key figures like Théophraste Renaudot and events such as the French Revolution shaped the landscape of journalism, highlighting issues of censorship and state control over press expressions. The establishment of laws guaranteeing press freedoms marked critical progress, leading to the birth of modern journalism amid challenges during wartime and the rise of news agencies. Today, the legacy of these developments continues to influence journalism practices globally.
Conclusões
- 📰 Journalism is the act of informing through collecting and verifying information.
- 📜 The first weekly newspaper, 'Relation,' was launched in 1605 in Strasbourg.
- ✍️ 'La Gazette' was the first official French newspaper, established in 1631.
- 🔍 The French Revolution promoted press freedom, resulting in a surge of new publications.
- 📣 Emile Girardin introduced advertising to make newspapers affordable for everyone.
- 📡 Charles Havas founded the first news agency, enhancing news distribution quality.
- 🛡️ The 1881 law defined press freedoms and responsibilities in France.
- ✒️ The role of grand reporters emerged in the late 19th century, along with interviews.
- ❗ Censorship persisted during world conflicts, limiting freedom of expression.
- ✊ The evolution of journalism reflects ongoing struggles for press freedom and independence.
Linha do tempo
- 00:00:00 - 00:07:27
Journalism is fundamentally the act of informing through the collection, selection, and verification of information before dissemination. It originated with written press, evolving from early methods like postings and criers to the first printed newspapers in the 16th century, which emerged as occasional publications for specific events. The first definitive newspaper, which required both printing and periodicity, was established in 1605 in Strasbourg, named "Relation." Initial publishing was tightly regulated by royal authority, culminating in 1631 with the launch of "La Gazette" by Théophraste Renaudot in France, who gained a monopoly by 1635, significantly influencing information dissemination for nearly 80 years. The increase of literary and scientific papers in 1660 coincided with strict censorship, particularly under Louis XIV's reign as stricter requirements for publication were enforced, leading to significant tensions as various news outlets developed across England and Switzerland without such constraints. As the century progressed, the landscape of journalism began to thrive amid political turbulence, setting the stage for the evolution of news media.
Mapa mental
Vídeo de perguntas e respostas
What is journalism?
Journalism is the act of informing, which includes collecting, selecting, and verifying information before dissemination.
When did newspapers first appear?
The first printed weekly newspaper, 'Relation,' was launched in Strasbourg in 1605.
What major law defined press freedom in France?
The law of July 29, 1881, defined the freedom and responsibilities of the press in France.
What role did censorship play in journalism history?
Censorship was prevalent at various times, especially under monarchies and during wars, impacting journalism's capacity to report freely.
What contributions did the French Revolution make to journalism?
The Revolution led to the establishment of press freedom rights, allowing for a growth in the number of newspapers.
Who was Emile Girardin?
Emile Girardin was a journalist who introduced advertising in newspapers, making them more accessible to the public.
What was the first news agency?
The first news agency was founded by Charles Havas in 1832, known today as Agence France Presse.
What happened during World War I regarding journalism?
World War I saw a resurgence of censorship and propaganda, limiting the press's ability to report freely.
How did Napoleon affect journalism?
Napoleon limited the number of political journals and reinstated censorship, controlling press information.
What advancements in journalism appeared in the late 19th century?
The late 19th century saw the emergence of the grand reporter and new article formats like interviews.
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- journalism
- press
- freedom
- censorship
- history
- newspapers
- 17th century
- French Revolution
- Havas
- World War I