Grade 8 Science Q1 Ep 9 Heat and Temperature

00:20:07
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZVK4uMO2RQk

Resumo

TLDRThe video, presented by a teacher named MJ on Deaf Ed TV, explores the concepts of heat and temperature. It begins by engaging the audience with questions to gauge their understanding and introduces the difference between heat and temperature, emphasizing that heat is energy transfer while temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles. Various methods of heat transfer, including conduction, convection, and radiation, are explored through examples like a metal spoon in hot water or warmth from a bonfire. Temperature scales that measure hotness or coldness, such as Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin, are explained, along with the significance of phase changes like melting and evaporation. The video concludes with comprehension questions to assess understanding and encourages viewers to continue exploring science.

Conclusões

  • 🌡️ Heat and temperature are distinct yet related concepts in thermodynamics.
  • 🔥 Heat is an energy transfer process driven by temperature differences.
  • 📏 Temperature gauges the hotness or coldness, linked to molecular motion.
  • 🔬 Temperature scales include Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.
  • 🌊 Phase changes occur when substances absorb or release heat.
  • 💡 Absolute zero on the Kelvin scale is the lowest possible temperature.
  • 🪄 Understanding heat and temperature aids in grasping everyday phenomena.
  • 📚 Educational content needs practical examples to enhance understanding.

Linha do tempo

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    The teacher introduces a session on heat and temperature, engaging the audience with questions about energy and temperature units. The session aims to clarify concepts like the average kinetic energy measured by temperature, and differentiates between heat and temperature. Viewers are prompted to think about how heat affects everyday activities such as drinking coffee or sitting by a bonfire, hinting at forthcoming detailed explanations.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    The video explains the difference between heat and temperature, emphasizing that while commonly thought to be the same, they are distinct concepts in physics. Heat is defined as energy transfer between bodies of different temperatures through conduction, convection, and radiation. Examples are provided, such as heat transfer through a metal spoon in hot water and the warmth felt by a fire due to radiation. The SI unit for heat is joule and calorie is explained in terms of dietary energy.

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    The focus shifts to temperature, described as a measure of the hotness or coldness of an object or body, essentially the average kinetic energy of molecules. The video details the three temperature scales: Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin, including their historical background and characteristics. Differences between these scales in terms of freezing and boiling points, as well as the concept of absolute zero in the Kelvin scale, are provided to highlight their unique attributes.

  • 00:15:00 - 00:20:07

    As the lesson concludes, phase changes such as melting, solidification, evaporation, and condensation are discussed, explaining energy's role in these processes. The video highlights how phase changes, needing either energy absorption or release, don't alter temperature. Questions are then posed to test the understanding of these concepts, encouraging students to reflect on the lessons about heat, temperature scales, and energy transformations in phase changes.

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Mapa mental

Mind Map

Perguntas frequentes

  • What is heat in scientific terms?

    Heat is a form of energy that transfers from one body of higher temperature to another body of lower temperature through conduction, convection, or radiation.

  • What is the difference between heat and temperature?

    Heat is energy transferred due to temperature difference, while temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in an object.

  • How is temperature measured?

    Temperature describes the average kinetic energy of molecules and can be measured using temperature scales such as Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.

  • What does a thermometer measure?

    A thermometer measures the temperature of an object or substance, indicating its hotness or coldness.

  • What is the SI unit for heat?

    The SI unit for heat is joule.

  • What is the Kelvin scale based on?

    The Kelvin scale is based on absolute zero, the lowest possible temperature where the molecules possess the lowest energy.

  • What are phase changes in terms of temperature?

    Phase changes are transformations in the state of matter (like melting, solidification, evaporation, and condensation) that occur when temperature changes without changing the energy level.

  • What is the normal body temperature in Fahrenheit?

    The normal body temperature is about 99 degrees Fahrenheit.

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    [Music]
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    aside amazing day
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    sci folks your psy energetic teacher is
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    back to join you in exploring
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    discovering and enjoying life i know
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    that your sire yented minds are now
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    excited to absorb information so allow
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    me to be with you
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    as you learn be sure you have your pen
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    your paper and everything you need for
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    this learning session
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    this is your teacher mj welcome to
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    another psy wonderful episode on
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    deaf ed tv
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    [Music]
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    [Music]
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    do you enjoy taking a sip of coffee
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    well i do especially during frigid
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    mornings
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    and of course when the weather is cold
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    what about having a night jam with your
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    friends in front
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    of a bonfire while enjoying your lightly
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    grilled
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    what about having your favorite ice cold
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    drink
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    well we enjoy things differently someone
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    thinks hot
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    someone thinks cold but as we enjoy
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    whatever happiness these things give us
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    there is the bead of science going on
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    behind it
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    do you know what it is yes
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    it is the science of heat and
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    temperature
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    this week we are going to talk about
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    heat
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    and temperature and the things that
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    would explain
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    things you might not have known all this
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    time
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    so be with me as we go through this
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    lesson
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    let's go
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    before we start try answering the
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    following questions to excite your brain
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    and to find out how far you know about
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    the concept
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    of heat and temperature
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    what average energy of particles does
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    temperature measure
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    a kinetic b potential
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    c chemical or d
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    mechanical
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    a kinetic
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    what happens to the temperature of an
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    object when the particles are moving
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    faster
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    a reduces b
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    increases c remains constant
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    or d increases then reduces
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    b increases
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    does the temperature of a substance
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    depends on how much the substance is
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    present
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    a no
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    b yes
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    c maybe or d
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    none of the above
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    [Music]
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    a no
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    which of the following is not a unit of
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    temperature
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    a calorie b
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    celsius c
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    fahrenheit or d
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    kelvin
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    a calorie
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    the normal body temperature is 37
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    degrees
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    celsius what is this in fahrenheit
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    a 32 degrees fahrenheit
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    b 99 degrees fahrenheit
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    c 212 degrees fahrenheit
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    or d 373 degrees
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    fahrenheit
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    [Music]
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    b 99 degrees fahrenheit
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    did you get all the correct answers well
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    if not
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    there's nothing to worry about at the
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    end of the lesson
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    i'm sure you will be enlightened with no
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    further ado
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    let's get moving are heat and
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    temperature the same
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    the common thinking of people regarding
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    heat and temperature
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    is that they are the same
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    in physics although heat and temperature
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    are related to each other
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    these two terms are not the same let's
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    try to dig deeper
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    as to how these terms are different
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    let's start by talking about
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    heat
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    so what is heat heat is a form of energy
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    that transfers from one body of higher
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    temperature
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    to another body of lower temperature
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    [Music]
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    heat transfers from one body with a
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    certain temperature to another body with
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    a different temperature
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    through conduction
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    convection and radiation
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    [Music]
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    to better understand that take a look at
  • 00:06:34
    this
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    if i dip a metal spoon which has a
  • 00:06:38
    normal temperature and a glass of hot
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    water
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    the heat from the water will be
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    transferred to the spoon
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    through the conduction of heat
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    another example when it is cold
  • 00:06:51
    you tend to enjoy the heat near a
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    fireplace or a bonfire
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    and your distance from the fire depends
  • 00:06:57
    on how much heat your body wants to
  • 00:07:00
    absorb
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    as you feel cold and as you stay close
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    to the fire
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    a certain amount of thermal energy from
  • 00:07:08
    the bonfire is transferred to your body
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    through radiation
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    that heat radiated towards you is a
  • 00:07:16
    deliverable heat that gives your body
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    comfort from a low temperature
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    the si unit for heat is joel
  • 00:07:26
    another common unit of heat is
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    calorie defined as the amount of heat
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    needed to change the temperature
  • 00:07:35
    of one gram of water by one degree
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    celsius
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    at a pressure of 1 atm
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    adm stands for atmospheric pressure
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    and the normal atmospheric pressure is
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    one
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    atm to avoid confusion
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    a calorie is not used to refer to an
  • 00:07:55
    amount of heat
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    it is used by dietitians or
  • 00:07:59
    nutritionists
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    to specify the energy content of food
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    now let's proceed with
  • 00:08:07
    temperature
  • 00:08:10
    temperature on the other hand is the
  • 00:08:13
    measure of the hotness
  • 00:08:14
    or coldness of a body object
  • 00:08:18
    or substance when you have a fever
  • 00:08:22
    you usually check how hot your body is
  • 00:08:25
    by basically putting your hands on your
  • 00:08:27
    neck
  • 00:08:28
    or forehead this is very typical for
  • 00:08:31
    everyone as a high temperature
  • 00:08:33
    usually indicates a fever
  • 00:08:36
    the normal temperature of the body is 37
  • 00:08:40
    degrees celsius
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    and if that goes higher something
  • 00:08:45
    might be wrong
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    aside from just using your senses there
  • 00:08:51
    is a more accurate way to measure
  • 00:08:53
    temperature what do we use to measure
  • 00:08:56
    temperature
  • 00:08:58
    do you have any idea
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    let's write a thermometer
  • 00:09:08
    temperature describes the average
  • 00:09:10
    kinetic energy of molecules in an
  • 00:09:13
    object or substance the higher the
  • 00:09:16
    kinetic energy
  • 00:09:18
    the faster the molecules move and thus
  • 00:09:20
    the temperature
  • 00:09:22
    is higher
  • 00:09:25
    the three common temperature scales are
  • 00:09:28
    celsius fahrenheit and
  • 00:09:31
    kelvin
  • 00:09:35
    andrew celsius introduced the celsius
  • 00:09:37
    scale in 1741
  • 00:09:40
    while daniel gabriel fahrenheit
  • 00:09:42
    introduced the fahrenheit scale
  • 00:09:44
    in 1724 both scales
  • 00:09:48
    use the freezing and boiling points of
  • 00:09:50
    water as
  • 00:09:51
    reference points on the celsius scale
  • 00:09:55
    the freezing point of water is zero
  • 00:09:58
    degrees celsius
  • 00:09:59
    while its boiling point is 100 degrees
  • 00:10:03
    celsius
  • 00:10:04
    under a pressure of 1 atm having 100
  • 00:10:08
    intervals between
  • 00:10:09
    two reference points on the fahrenheit
  • 00:10:12
    scale
  • 00:10:13
    the freezing point of water is 32
  • 00:10:16
    degrees
  • 00:10:17
    fahrenheit while its boiling point is
  • 00:10:21
    212 degrees fahrenheit having 180
  • 00:10:25
    intervals between
  • 00:10:26
    two reference points the difference
  • 00:10:30
    between these two
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    reference points is divided equally into
  • 00:10:34
    intervals
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    called degrees
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    william thompson also known as lord
  • 00:10:41
    kelvin
  • 00:10:42
    introduced the third temperature scale
  • 00:10:44
    which is called
  • 00:10:47
    kelvin this scale is based on
  • 00:10:50
    absolute zero corresponding to zero
  • 00:10:53
    kelvin
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    it is the lowest possible temperature
  • 00:10:56
    and it is when the molecules of the
  • 00:10:58
    substance
  • 00:10:59
    have the lowest energy
  • 00:11:03
    the kelvin scale cannot have negative
  • 00:11:06
    temperatures
  • 00:11:08
    on the kelvin scale the freezing point
  • 00:11:10
    of water is
  • 00:11:12
    273 kelvin while its boiling point is
  • 00:11:17
    373 kelvin the temperature difference is
  • 00:11:22
    100 kelvin
  • 00:11:25
    the difference in the temperature
  • 00:11:27
    between two reference points
  • 00:11:29
    in the celsius scale is also 100 degrees
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    celsius
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    so when we compare the kelvin and
  • 00:11:37
    sasha's scales
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    in terms of change or difference in
  • 00:11:41
    temperature
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    one kelvin is equivalent to one
  • 00:11:46
    degree celsius so there you have it
  • 00:11:49
    our three temperature scales
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    now have you ever wondered what happens
  • 00:11:55
    to substances
  • 00:11:57
    as their temperature changes
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    let's find out when the temperature of a
  • 00:12:06
    substance changes
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    its molecular structure and movement
  • 00:12:10
    also change
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    which results in what we call
  • 00:12:15
    phase change there are different types
  • 00:12:18
    of phase
  • 00:12:19
    changes or transitions such as melting
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    solidification evaporation
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    and condensation
  • 00:12:30
    fusion or melting is the process that
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    causes a solid to change to its liquid
  • 00:12:35
    state
  • 00:12:36
    the amount of heat required to produce
  • 00:12:38
    this change is called the heat of fusion
  • 00:12:43
    when liquids release heat the water
  • 00:12:46
    molecules begin to move
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    at a slower pace the space between the
  • 00:12:51
    molecules become compact
  • 00:12:53
    the process of changing liquids to
  • 00:12:56
    solids is called
  • 00:12:57
    solidification or freezing when water
  • 00:13:00
    boils
  • 00:13:01
    evaporation takes place heat is absorbed
  • 00:13:05
    and water
  • 00:13:06
    is converted into steam or water vapor
  • 00:13:10
    the amount of heat needed for a liquid
  • 00:13:12
    to evaporate
  • 00:13:13
    depends on the boiling point of the
  • 00:13:15
    liquid
  • 00:13:17
    when water vapor releases heat its gas
  • 00:13:20
    state
  • 00:13:21
    changes to the liquid state through
  • 00:13:23
    condensation
  • 00:13:25
    which accounts for the formation of
  • 00:13:27
    clouds in the water cycle
  • 00:13:32
    some other forms of phase changes are
  • 00:13:34
    sublimation
  • 00:13:36
    and deposition sublimation is the
  • 00:13:40
    process
  • 00:13:40
    of transforming a substance from the
  • 00:13:43
    solid phase
  • 00:13:44
    directly to the gas state without
  • 00:13:46
    passing the liquid phase
  • 00:13:49
    this requires additional energy
  • 00:13:53
    the position is the process of
  • 00:13:55
    transforming a substance
  • 00:13:57
    from gas to solid without passing the
  • 00:13:59
    liquid phase
  • 00:14:00
    and requires a release of energy
  • 00:14:04
    during any of these phase changes energy
  • 00:14:07
    is either given off or taken in
  • 00:14:10
    when a substance changes space the
  • 00:14:13
    temperature does not change
  • 00:14:15
    only the amount of energy changes
  • 00:14:19
    now that we know more about heat and
  • 00:14:21
    temperature
  • 00:14:23
    i hope that you will now be able to
  • 00:14:25
    distinguish
  • 00:14:26
    how these two terms are different to
  • 00:14:29
    test that
  • 00:14:30
    it's time to check your comprehension by
  • 00:14:33
    answering
  • 00:14:34
    the following questions let's do
  • 00:14:38
    the cycles who introduced the absolute
  • 00:14:42
    temperature scale a
  • 00:14:46
    under celsius b
  • 00:14:50
    gabriel fahrenheit c
  • 00:14:54
    william rankin or d
  • 00:14:58
    william thompson
  • 00:15:07
    d william thompson
  • 00:15:11
    which expands the greatest when heated
  • 00:15:14
    at the same temperature
  • 00:15:17
    a gas b
  • 00:15:21
    solid c liquid
  • 00:15:26
    or d all expand equally
  • 00:15:36
    a gas
  • 00:15:41
    temperature describes the blank of
  • 00:15:43
    molecules in a substance
  • 00:15:47
    a potential energy
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    b kinetic energy
  • 00:15:56
    c thermal energy
  • 00:16:00
    or d gravitational force
  • 00:16:11
    b kinetic energy
  • 00:16:15
    which of the following is not a unit of
  • 00:16:17
    temperature
  • 00:16:20
    a fahrenheit
  • 00:16:24
    b celsius
  • 00:16:28
    c calorie or
  • 00:16:32
    d kelvin
  • 00:16:41
    c calorie
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    why does liquid in the thermometer rise
  • 00:16:48
    when put in hot water
  • 00:16:51
    a the liquid is boiling
  • 00:16:56
    b the liquid is evaporating
  • 00:17:01
    c the liquid gains heat from the hot
  • 00:17:04
    water
  • 00:17:04
    causing it to expand
  • 00:17:07
    or d the liquid loses heat from the hot
  • 00:17:11
    water
  • 00:17:12
    causing it to contract
  • 00:17:22
    see the liquid gains heat from the hot
  • 00:17:25
    water causing it to expand
  • 00:17:32
    that is all for today sci folks i hope
  • 00:17:34
    that the heat of information has been
  • 00:17:36
    radiated
  • 00:17:37
    into your minds and the temperature of
  • 00:17:40
    your eagerness to learn continues to
  • 00:17:42
    rise
  • 00:17:43
    see you again in our next episode and we
  • 00:17:45
    will together explore
  • 00:17:47
    discover and enjoy life this is your
  • 00:17:50
    teacher mj
  • 00:17:52
    and this is deb ed tv keep safe everyone
  • 00:18:03
    [Music]
  • 00:20:06
    you
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